1、Unit 5On the roadUsing language现在分词作定语(-ing as attributive)【语用功能】现在分词作定语用来修饰和限制名词,表示被修饰名词的用途、功能、特征以及其动作、状态等。【情境探究】观察上面对话,并完成句子:(1)The student _was born in a poor family.从北京大学毕业的那个学生出生在一个贫穷的家庭。(2)The boy _is Tom.沿着马路跑的那个男孩是汤姆。graduating from Peking Universityrunning along the road【要义详析】一、作用1.v.-ing作定
2、语起名词的作用,表明被修饰名词的作用、用途等。表示“供之用”,相当于used for doing。*building materials=materials for building 建筑材料*a walking stick=a stick for walking 手杖*a reading room=a room for reading 阅览室*a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台2.v.-ing形式作定语起形容词的作用,表示被修饰名词的动作或状态,表“正在的”,也可表示其性质特征,所修饰的名词是其逻辑主语,此时可换成相应的定语从句。*the laughi
3、ng audience欢笑的观众*a sleeping boy 正在睡觉的男孩*an amusing story 一个有趣的故事*an exciting evening 一个令人兴奋的晚上二、位置1.单个的词作定语,放在被修饰名词的前面。*They set up an operating table.他们搭起一个手术台。*A rolling stone gathers no moss.滚石不生苔。*That must be a terrifying experience.那肯定是一次可怕的经历。*The experiment was an amazing success.那个实验是一次惊人的成
4、功。2.短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。*They lived in a room facing the street.=They lived in a room that faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。*The man standing there is Peters father.=The man who is standing there is Peters father.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。【易错精点】(1)表示正在进行的动作(变为从句时要用进行时态)。*Tell the children playing th
5、ere not to make so much noise.Tell the children who are playing there not to make so much noise.告诉在那儿玩的孩子不要发出这么大的噪音。*Did you see the man talking to the manager?Did you see the man who was talking to the manager?你看到那个和经理说话的人了吗?(2)表示经常性的动作,或现在(或当时)的状态(变为从句时,用一般现在时)。*The house standing at the corner of
6、 the street was built in 1955.The house that stands at the corner of the street was built in 1955.坐落在街角的那所房子是1955年建造的。【知识延伸】1.如果v.-ing形式与被修饰名词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用主动形式(doing)。*The student making the experiment is our monitor.正在做实验的学生是我们班长。*The next thing he saw was smoke rising frombehind the house.他看到的下一件
7、事是正从房子后面冒出的烟。2.如果现在分词与被修饰名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且正在进行中应用被动形式(being done)。*The building being built is our library.正在建的楼是我们的图书馆。*The meeting being held is very important.正在开的会非常重要。*We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.我们必须对这里正在被讨论的事情保密。【即学活用】语法填空(1)China is a _(develop)country.(2)The president _(visit)China now will return on Sunday.(3)The temple _(stand)on top of the hill was built in the 1780s.developingvisitingstanding
