1、Unit 1 Science and ScientistsPeriod 2Reading and Thinking()要点内化课自主素养储备.根据语境及首字母提示写出单词1.You have failed to do what you were expected to and Im afraid the teacher2.will b_ you.2.I s_ this book will have the widest appeal of all.3.We should pay more attention to the i_ of young people with dangerous th
2、inking.4.Its believed that there is a l_ between smoking and lung disease.5.People planted trees on the waste hills to d_ water and soil loss.lameuspectnfectioninkecrease6.We must learn to h_ conflicts calmly and wisely.7.All scientists s_ to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is d
3、ue to the burning of fossil fuels.8.He lost his job and we can infer from his expression that he is f_.andleubscriberustrated.根据语境及汉语提示写出单词1.There is no _(证据)that he was on the crime site.2.Harry has _(矛盾的)feelings about his new life.3.Some researchers believe infected pets may _(传染)their owners.4.W
4、ater can _(使改变)a desert into a garden.5.They are all made of one hundred percent _(纯粹的)silk.6.She makes use of people she meets as _(原始的)material for her fiction.proofcontradictoryinfecttransformpureraw7.An average US _(家庭)produces about 150 pounds of carbon dioxide a day during driving cars.8.At th
5、e farm there was an old-fashioned _(抽水机)for drawing water from a well.householdpump词汇微空间动词+-tion 名词infect v.使感染;传染 infection n.感染;传染explain v.解释;说明 _n.解释;说明pollute v.污染_n.污染predict v.预言;预测_n.预言;预测collect v.搜集;收藏_n.搜集;收藏explanationpollutionpredictioncollection.用适当的介词或副词填空1.We prefer to subscribe _ an
6、other explanation.2._ general,a healthy skin is a reflection of good health.3.He left because he had some other business to attend _.4.A new report from WHO says millions of people die _ air pollution every year.5.Success came quickly,thanks _ a mixture of talent,enterprise,and luck.6.Jenny nearly m
7、issed the flight as a result _ doing too much shopping.totofromtoofIn7.To buy a press of our own is the only way to get rid of trouble once and _ all.8.Some scientists made efforts to find _ whether life of some kind exists on Mars.forout1.attend to 照料;护理【观察悟】In time,he rose to become a famous docto
8、r,and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.(教材典句)后来他成了一名著名的医生,甚至在维多利亚女王分娩时护理她。To my delight,I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.令我高兴的是,我从数百名申请者中被选出来参加开幕式。知识素养积淀We must attend on the people who are in poor health.我们必须照顾那些身体不太好的人。She didnt attend to w
9、hat I was saying.她对我所说的话未加注意。I may be lateI have one or two things to attend to.我可能会迟到,我还有一两件事要处理。【生成得】attend to sb./sth._照顾;伺候某人attend the opening ceremony_处理;专心于attend on/upon sb.参加开幕式【内化用】用含有attend的词块填空。Mary often _(照看我的商店)for me while I am away.He _(一直服侍)his sick mother for many years.I have som
10、e personal business _.我有一些私事要处理。attends to my shophas been attending onto attend to2.blame vt.把归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责【观察悟】Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put theblame on the alarm clock.很多人发现早晨起床很难,就把责任推到闹钟上。Behind the mindset of“always blame China”is a kind of dirty politics,cham
11、pioned by a few people who shift the spotlight for political gain.“逢中必反”的背后是肮脏的政治,反映了一小撮人通过转移焦点来追逐政治利益的企图。Who is to blame for the fire?谁应该对这场火灾负责?While we cant change the body type we are born with,we cant blame our genes for making us fat.尽管我们无法改变与生俱来的体型,但我们也不能把肥胖归咎于自己的基因。You should take the blame
12、for failure.你应该为失败承担责任。【生成得】_ 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame._.把某事归咎于_应承担责任,应负责put the blame on._.对负责;为承担责任blame.for sth./doing sth.onbe to blame把归咎于take the blame for【点拨迷津】be to blame(for sth.)(对)应负责,应受责备;此结构中不定式的主动形式表示被动的意义。类似的结构还有be to let(在出租)。【内化用】语法填空。Many children are afraid of _(blame)for making mist
13、akes in speaking English.Its no use blaming our defeat _ him.You are a real loser if you often blame somebody or something else _ a bad situation.The children were not _.那次事故怪不着孩子们。being blamedonforto blame for the accident3.decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.&vi.(使大小,数量等)减少;减小;降低 反义词 increase n.增加;提高 vt.增加;提高
14、【观察悟】Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.(教材典句)经过斯诺的不懈努力,供水公司开始销售清洁水,而且霍乱对全世界的威胁也大幅度降低。The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.今年新生的数量从210降低到160。The price of wheat decrea
15、sed by 15%last year.去年小麦的价格下降了15%。The new treatment led to a huge decrease in the number of deaths.新的疗法使死亡人数急剧下降。The demand for tea in this country is on the decrease each year.这个国家茶叶的需求量逐年递减。【生成得】_从降低到 a decrease _在方面的减少decrease _降低了_在减少;在降低decrease from.to.inbyon the decrease【内化用】用适当的介词填空。There ha
16、s been a steady decrease _ the population of the village.They decreased the size of the group _ 30 _ 15.The traffic accidents in this city decreased _ 30%last year.The number of visitors to the museum is _ the decrease.infromtobyon4.thanks to 幸亏;由于;因为【观察悟】Fortunately,we now know how to prevent chole
17、ra,thanks to the work of John Snow.(教材典句)幸运的是,由于约翰斯诺所做的工作,我们现在知道如何去防范霍乱。The mine was closed owing to exhaustion.这个煤矿因矿源枯竭而被关闭。Due to ill health,he could not attend the meeting.由于健康不佳,他不能参加会议。(2020全国卷)“Nicolo,”whose real name cannot be exposed to the public because of Italys privacy laws,finished wor
18、king the whole night at a factory in Turin.(高考典句)“Nicolo”,因为意大利的隐私法他的真实名字不能被透露给公众,在都灵的一家工厂结束了一整夜的工作。As a result of the timely rain,all the crops are growing well.因为这场及时雨,庄稼长势非常好。The ship was unable to set sail on schedule on account of the gale.风太大,船无法准时出航。【联想空间】表示原因的短语有:owing to,due to,because of,a
19、s a result of,on account of等。【点拨迷津】thanks to多用于表达正面意思,相当于感谢,在句中作状语;because of 在句中仅作状语;due to 在句中作表语和状语,与owing to和on account of 用法相同。【内化用】_(多亏了你们的帮助),many people survived the earthquake.The accident was _(因为他开车疏忽大意).句型转换。The meeting was postponed because the chairman was ill.同义句:_.The traffic was ver
20、y heavy and as a result we didnt arrive on time.同义句:_Thanks to your helpdue to/owing to his careless drivingThe meeting was postponed because of the chairmans illnessAs a result of the heavy traffic,we didnt arrive on time.5.handle n.把手;拉手;柄 vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)【观察悟】Tea in China was traditionally
21、drunk from cups without handles.(高考典句)中国的茶传统上是用无柄杯喝的。Wash your hands before you handle food.拿食物之前要洗手。Priced at over 120,000 dollars,the car handles perfectly well and has great speed acceleration.这辆车售价超过120 000美元,非常好操控,加速性能也很好。Some preteens are able to handle a good deal of responsibility.有些10岁出头的儿童
22、能够承担很多责任。(2020全国卷)The ecosystem down there cant handle this non-native species.(高考典句)那里的生态系统无法应对这些外来物种。【生成得】【内化用】用含有handle的词块填空。Hes a very good teacherhe knows how to _(对待孩子).I _(转了转门把手)and opened it.We really dont know how _(操作这台机器).handle childrenturned the handle of the doorto handle the machine6
23、.He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was sosevere that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现有两个特殊的街道霍乱爆发得如此严重以至于在十天之内就死了500多人。【观察悟】句中so.that.为固定句式,表示“如此以至于”。I got to the station so hurriedly that I could catch the early bus.我匆匆忙忙赶到车站,因此赶上了第一班公交车。He earned so little
24、money that he couldnt support his family.他挣的钱如此少,以至于不能养家糊口。It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic.昨天天气很好,我们都出去野餐了。So honest a worker is Mike that we all believe him.迈克是如此诚实的一个工人,所以我们都相信他。【生成得】so.that.结构中that引导的是_。其句型结构有以下几种形式:so+_+that从句;so+_+that从句;so+many/much/few/little(
25、少的)+_+that从句。若将so+形容词/副词置于句首,则其后的主句要用_。结果状语从句形容词/副词形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式名词倒装语序【知识延伸】such.that.结构中that引导的也是结果状语从句,其意义与so.that.一样。句型结构可分为以下三种:such+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句;such+形容词+复数可数名词+that从句;such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句。【内化用】语法填空。Table tennis is _ interesting a game that people all over the world play it.This
26、is such _ interesting book that I want to read it once again.So cold _(be)the weather that we had to stay at home.一句多译。她是一位很好的老师,我们都敬爱她。_=_=_=_ soanwasOur teacher is so good that all of us love and respect her.She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.She is so good a teacher th
27、at all of us love and respect her.So good a teacher is she that all of us love and respect her.7.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.好像这位妇女特别喜欢从那个水泵里抽上来的水,每天都(要让人)把水运到她家。【观察悟】句中结构It seemed that.意为“看起来;似乎”。It seems that no on
28、e knows what has happened in the park.似乎没有人知道公园里发生了什么事。The girl listened quietly and it seemed as if she had been turned into a stone.那个女孩静静地听着,她似乎已经变成了石头。It seems as if our team is going to win.看来我们队要胜了。It looks as if it might snow.看来好像要下雪了。【生成得】It seemed that.中It是代词,无实意,指某种情况,seemed为系动词,that引导_,也可
29、用_替代。【内化用】语法填空。_ seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of society.She knows the novel well.It seems as if she _(read)this novel.It sounds as if someone _(knock)at the door._she has fallen in love with him.看来她已经爱上他了。表语从句It seemed/looked/sounded as if.Ithas readis knockingIt seem
30、s that/as if8.Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.于是,他让人把水泵的把手拆掉,这样它就不能用了。【观察悟】句中had the handle of the pump removed是“have+宾语+过去分词”结构,表示“请(让)别人做某事”。We have had everything prepared beforehand.我们已事先把一切都安排好了。He had his finger cut.他的手指被划破了。Visitors still need to
31、 wear face masks and have their body temperatures checked before admission.游客仍需佩戴口罩,入场前要接受体温测量。【生成得】“have+宾语+过去分词”这一结构中过去分词作宾语补足语。与宾语是_关系,表示“请(让)某人做某事”,也可以表示“_”;“_”或“_”被动/动宾完成某事遭遇某种不好的事情不允许;不让【知识延伸】“have+宾语+动词”这个结构中的动词有多种形式,且表示的含义也各不相同。(1)have+宾语+不定式。动词不定式作定语修饰其前面的名词,表示“有要;有的”(2)have+宾语+动词原形。动词原形作宾语
32、补足语,表示“(使)某人做某事”,其中的 have 是使役动词。(3)have+宾语+现在分词。现在分词作宾语补足语,表示“使某人或某物一直不停地做某事”。【内化用】语法填空。We must have the work _(finish)by Tuesday.She didnt really have the courage _(refuse)his invitation.He told some funny stories and had us _(laugh)all through the meal.They _last week.他们上周请人粉刷了房子。finishedto refuse
33、laughinghad their house painted【备选要点】1.die from/of 死于(疾病、饥饿等)【观察悟】In the early 19th century,when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,millions of people died from the disease.(教材典句)19世纪初欧洲爆发了一场霍乱,当时有数百万人死于这种疾病。What is more,in another part of London,a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after mov
34、ing away from Broad Street.(教材典句)另外,在伦敦的另一个地方,一位妇女和她的女儿从宽街搬走之后也死于霍乱。As a result,many species are quickly dying out.(高考典句)结果,许多物种正在迅速灭绝。When the applause had died down,she began her speech.掌声渐渐变小之后,她开始她的演讲了。The breeze has died away.微风渐渐止住了。【生成得】【内化用】用含有die的词块填空。The sound of the car _(渐渐消失)in the dist
35、ance.With the development of new society,many old customs _(灭绝;绝迹).Some animals _.有些动物在雪地里饿死了。Up to now,more than 100,000 people in America _COVID-19.迄今为止,十多万美国人死于新冠肺炎。died awayare dying outdied of starvation in the snowhave died from2.infect vt.使感染;传染 派生词 infectionn.感染;传染【观察悟】The truth was that the
36、 water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.(教材典句)事实是宽街水泵里的水被粪便污染了。Officials say that few people are infected with the virus owing to the effective prevention.官员说由于有效的防护,很少有人感染这种病毒。A good teacher should be able to infect his students with his own keenness for his subject.一个好教师应能以自己对
37、本学科的热爱来感染学生。【生成得】_使充满(感情)be infected with/by_adj.受感染的infect.with./be infected with被传染/感染infected【内化用】语法填空。Im not quite sure if there is danger of _(infect).Sometimes _(infect)chickens may possibly die from the disease.Open your eyes and watch the pictures belowby the end of the page youll be infecte
38、d _ smiling.Be careful not _.小心别传染上流感。infectioninfectedwithto be infected with/by the flu3.suspect vt.&vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象【观察悟】Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.(教材典句)斯诺怀疑这个水泵是罪魁祸首。I suspect him of lying by the boys abnormal behaviour.根据那个男孩的反常举动,我怀疑他在撒谎。The police suspect him to
39、 be a murderer.警察怀疑他是谋杀犯。I was suspected of having a hand in the affair.人们怀疑我插手这件事。If a mother is a confirmed or suspected COVID-19 case,she should be separated from the baby.如果母亲疑似或被确诊感染新型冠状病毒肺炎,则应与婴儿隔离。【生成得】suspect sth./that._怀疑某人做过某事_被怀疑做了某事_怀疑某人是_adj.疑似的怀疑suspect sb.of doing sth.be suspected of
40、doing sth.suspect sb.to be/as.suspectful【内化用】语法填空。The police suspected him _ taking part in the jewel robbery.Many people suspect his friend _(be)a kidnapper.I suspect _.我想她对此是不会太高兴的。Nobody _.没有人能怀疑他所说的话。ofto bethat she is not going to be very happy about thiscan suspect what he said4.link n.联系;纽带vt
41、.把连接起来;相关联【观察悟】Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.(教材典句)斯诺后来证明了其他霍乱病例与伦敦不同供水公司之间的联系。Yellow is linked with confidence,self-respect and friendliness.黄色与自信、自尊、友好相关。A subway line will link the airport to the city center.地铁线将把机场与市
42、中心连接起来。The two spacecraft will link up with one another in orbit.这两个航天器将在轨道上对接。【生成得】_A和B之间的联系link.to/with._与联合;与衔接a link between A and B把和联系起来link up with【内化用】The small island will _(与大陆连接起来).We _(与他们会合)at the foot of the mountain and then headed for the top of it.The new bridge _(把东西校区连接在一起).The report shows _.报告显示了日光暴晒与皮肤癌之间的联系。be linked with the mainlandlinked up with themlinks the east of the campus to the westa link between exposure to the sun and skin cancer
