1、Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points measure vt.测量，计量；评估 n尺寸；(pl.)措施(教材P12)What does the Human Development Index measure？人类发展指数是测量什么的？(1) measure .by .用来衡量be measured by/in. 用来计算/衡量(2)take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施(干某事)make.to ones measure 按某人的尺寸订做Can you tell me how to meas
2、ure the length of the rope?你能告诉我如何测量这条绳子的长度吗？Education shouldnt be_measured(measure) only by examination results.教育不应该只用考试成绩来衡量。Do you know the history of that bridge measuring_(measure)as long as 200 metres? 你知道那条长度200米的桥的历史吗？【导学号：91390007】The government has taken measures to_bring(bring) down the
3、high prices of house.为了保持市场稳定，政府已经采取措施来降低房价。名师点津(1)measure表示“措施”之意时，常用其复数形式measures。(2)measure表示“量；有长(宽、高等)”时，是不及物动词，后跟量的结果，不用被动语态及进行时态；如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词。 position n位置；职位，地位；姿势；状况，处境(教材P12)The UK is in the thirteenth position，while China is in the middle of the list.英国排在第十三位，而中国则排在名单的中间。写出下列句中pos
4、ition的含义Can you find our position on this map？_My husband has a good position in a government office._Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position._What would you do if in my position？_【答案】位置职务姿势状况，处境(1)in a.position处于的地位/处境in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置(2)hold the position of 担任的职务This pr
5、oblem put him in a difficult position.这个问题使他陷入困境。The books are all out_of position.Put them back in position.这些书放的位置不对，把它们放在适当的位置。He was in a position where he must find someone to help him.他到了非得找人帮忙的地步了。名师点津当position，situation，stage，job 等词在句中表示抽象的地点，且其后的定语从句中又缺少地点状语时，应用where引导。 (教材P12)make_sure tha
6、t all children have education up to the age of 11 确保达到11岁的孩子都能受教育(1) make sure 确信；弄清楚(1)make sure of/about.弄清楚；查明make sure that. 确信；务必(2)be sure of/about/that . (主语)有把握，确信be sure to do sth. (主语)一定会做某事(2014浙江高考)Id like a wakeup call at 7：00 am., please!请明天早上7点给我打电话叫醒我。OK, Ill make sure you get one.好的
7、，我保证你会听到电话。You must make_sure_of_the time the plane leaves.你必须把飞机离开的时间弄清楚。You can only be sure of what you have at present; you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future.你只能确保你现在所拥有的东西，对将来你会得到什么东西你是不能把握的。Be sure_to_call(call) us and let us know youve got back safely.一定要给我们打电话，让我们知道你平安返
8、回。(2) up to 直到；多达；由决定；忙于，从事；胜任写出下列句中up to的含义 Up to three students were late for class today, which made my teacher very angry._Its up to you whether we accept the present or not._We all agree that he is up to the position._What have you been up to? _Up to now, he hasnt finished his work._【答案】高达；多达由决
9、定胜任忙于；做直到(1)be up to (doing sth.)打算做/正在做(不好的事)；胜任(做某事)(2)Its up to you. (交际用语)由你决定。Its up to sb.to do sth. 由某人决定做某事Its up to you to_decide (decide)whether to go or not.由你决定走还是不走。I have been wondering what he is up to.我一直想知道他在做什么。Shall we go out for dinner or eat at home?我们是出去吃饭还是在家吃呢？Its_up_to_you.由
10、你决定。 make efforts 作出努力(教材P12)The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.报告显示我们正在进步，但是我们必须作出更大的努力。(1) make efforts/an effort/every effort to do sth.尽一切努力做某事spare no effort(to do) 不遗余力(2)without effort 容易地，不费力地Make a little/bit more effort, and I believe
11、 you will realize your dream.多努力一些，我相信你会实现你的梦想的。I will make every effort to_achieve_(achieve) my goal.我将尽一切努力来实现我的目标。We should spare no effort to_beautify(beautify) our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。He won the first prize in the speech contest without_effort.他轻松地赢得了演讲比赛的一等奖。名师点津“尽一切努力做某事”的表达法还有：try/d
12、o ones best to do sth.do all that sb.can to do sth.do what sb.can to do sth. figure n数字；体形；人物；身影；图形v.计算；认为(教材P13)Complete the chart with figures from the passage. 用短文中的数字完成表格。写出下列句中figure的含义Beijing University, founded in 1898, is home to a great number of outstanding figures._He has an income of six
13、 figures._After a certain age, you have to work hard to keep your figure._She was afraid to see a figure in the dark._I figure that different people like different things._【答案】人物数字体形人影 认为I cant figure_out what it is that makes him so bad recently.我琢磨不透最近什么事让他情绪这么难过。.语境填词1A great number of people are
14、 going _ and hundreds of children have died of _.(hunger)2With the _ of economy, peoples lives are becoming better and better.However, China is different from America, which is a _ country.China is still a _ country.Therefore, we should study hard to make our country more powerful.(develop) 3I have
15、had the benefit of a good _， but I dont know how to_ my own child.(educate)【答案】1.hungry；hunger2.development；developed；developing3.education；educate.选词填空up to；at the top of； make (great) efforts； make progress； make sure；at the bottom of1_ that you really do understand what the position involves befo
16、re you answer your question.2As long as you work hard, you will _.3Shall we go to the cinema or stay at home watching TV?Its _ you.Either is fine with me.4Teachers should encourage their students to _ to achieve success.5As we know, the technological development in the US is _ the world.【答案】1.Make s
17、ure2.make progress3.up to4.make great efforts5.at the top of (教材P12)Norway is at the top of the list，while_ the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。【要点提炼】句中的while作并列连词，意为“但是，然而”，表示一种对比关系。(1)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当时候”。(2)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although。(2014福建高考)In some countries, people eat with
18、 chopsticks, while in others, knives and forks.在一些国家里，人们用筷子吃饭，而在其他国家，人们用刀叉吃饭。While_I_was_cooking,_the children were playing outside.我在做饭时，孩子们在外面玩。(2015福建高考)While_the_students_came_from_different_countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得非常好。【导学号：91390008】名师点津作“然而
19、”讲时，while不能放在句子前面。 while和but有所不同，while用于对比，but表示转折；当前后两个分句是同一个主语时应用but，不用while表示转折。 (教材P12)The bottom ten countries are all African countries, with_Sierra_Leone(_in_West_Africa)_at_the_bottom_of_the_list.处于末端的十个国家均是非洲国家，塞拉利昂(西非)排在最后。【要点提炼】句中的with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the li
20、st属于“with宾语宾补”结构，介词短语at the bottom of the list作宾补。with复合结构常作原因、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。常见形式：(1)with宾语形容词/副词/介词短语(2)with宾语doing(表主动、进行)(3)with宾语done(表被动、完成)(4)with宾语to do(表未做She saw a small river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.她看到一条小河，河的两岸满是红花绿草。He is used to sleeping with the window op
21、en at night in summer.夏天的夜晚他习惯开着窗睡觉。With the price of houses going(go) up so fast, we cant afford a new house.由于房价上涨很快，我们买不起一栋新房子。The boy sat in the room, with his eyes fixed(fix) on the ceiling.那个男孩坐在屋里，眼睛盯着天花板。With many things to_do(do), I have to go now.有许多事情要做，我得走了。完成句子1那个小男孩玩得很开心，很多玩具在地上放着。The
22、little boy was playing happily _.2有许多事情要处理，我只好不再听音乐了。_， I have to stop listening to music.3因为做完了家庭作业，凯蒂被允许看电视。_， Kitty was permitted to watch TV.4我用了三个小时完成这些作业，而他却花了半小时。I spent three hours doing my homework，_.5我妈妈看着电视就睡着了。My mother fell asleep _.【答案】1.with a lot of toys lying on the ground2.With man
23、y things to deal with3.With the homework finished4.while he spent half an hour5while she was watching TVThe report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.【分析】主句的主语为the report， 谓语为shows， that we are making some progress和that we need to make greater efforts是两个作
24、谓语动词的宾语从句； 两个宾语从句用并列连词but来连接。并且第二个宾语从句的that不能省略。【翻译】报告显示我们正在进步，但是我们必须作出更大的努力。学业分层测评.单句语法填空1The bridge _ (measure) as long as 500 meters needs repairing.2We are in a position _ we may lose a great deal of money.3They love their daughter so much that they are always ready to do everything they can to
25、make sure_ her happiness.4Its up to you _(decide)where we will go for our holiday.5The effort that he made _ (finish) the task is great.6Tom is very good at singing, _ his brother is clever at dancing.7At the foot of the mountain_(stand) a tower built in the Ming Dynasty.8With my brother _ (help) me
26、, I will finish the task in a shorter time.9Last night he saw two dark _(figure)enter the building，and then there was the explosion.10_ (educate) by the Youth League, she has made rapid progress.【答案】1.measuring2.where3.of4.to decide5to finish6.while7.stands8.to help9figures10.Educated.单句改错1It is ama
27、zing that the little boy can swim across the river measured 100 meters wide._2He lay on the grass with his eyes looked at the sky._3They promised to spare no effort help those who are in poverty._4On the top of the hill stand an old temple._5My new English teacher is very humorous，but my previous on
28、e is quite serious._【答案】1.measuredmeasuring2.lookedlooking3.help前加to4.standstands5.butwhile.阅读理解In many developed countries，especially in the United States，racism(种族主义) was widespread in the early part of the twentieth century.Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or
29、 employment.Marian Anderson(18971993)was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism.She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood.When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917，she was turned down because she
30、was black.Unable to attend music school，she began her career as a singer for church gatherings.In 1929，she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there.Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe.Then she returned to the US in 1935 and became a top concert singer after p
31、erforming at Town Hall in New York City.Racism again affected Anderson in 1939.When it was arranged for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington，DC，the daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color.She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people.In 1955，A
32、nderson became the first black soloist to sing in the Metropolitan Opera of New York City.The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years”She was a US delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977.Anderson eventually triumphed over
33、racism.1According to this passage，what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929?AShe studied at a music school.BShe sang for religious activities.CShe sang at Town Hall in New York.DShe studied voice in Europe.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Unable to attend music school，she began her career as a singer for ch
34、urch gatherings.”可知在1917年到1929年之间Anderson为宗教活动唱歌。【答案】B2Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson _.Ahad a very rare voiceBsang occasionally in publicCsang only once in many yearsDwas seldom heard by people【解析】推理判断题。由第二段的“The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as heard only once in a hundred y
35、ears”可推知答案。【答案】A3Andersons beautiful voice was first recognized _.Aat the Lincoln MemorialBin Washington，DCCin EuropeDat the United Nations【解析】细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二、三句“.she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there.Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe.”可知答案选C。【答案】C4Th
36、is passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the US by _.Aprotesting to the governmentBappealing to the United NationsCdemonstrating in the streetsDworking hard to perfect her art【解析】推理判断题。由文章主旨可知，Anderson凭着认真工作以使得她的艺术完美，借此击败种族歧视。【答案】D.完形填空【导学号：91390030】I live in a big city with a lot o
37、f homeless people.Luckily therere some ways of helping them and you neednt have a lot of _1_.One way to help is to buy their monthly magazine._2_ doing this one day，I got to _3_ a young homeless man.He was often _4_ the magazine at the train station.He was a poor farmer from another country.After a
38、while，I discovered that his _5_ was close to mine.It _6_ that we were born in the same month.I met him last year _7_ after his birthday，and after congratulating him，without _8_，I asked if he had had a good day.He _9_ and said that he hadnt really celebrated.I felt so _10_.I just couldnt bear the tho
39、ught of(不敢想)this nice，young man being _11_on his 25th birthday with no presents，no cake；nothing！So I went home and looked in my yarn(纱线)basket._12_for me，I had enough yarn _13_.I set to work and knitted(编织)a_14_for the young man.The yarn had become a little dirty _15_I didnt knit very often.Then I w
40、ashed the yarn so the scarf would be _16_when he got it.I met him on my own birthday as I was going shopping.I had _17_ to meet him so I had _18_ the scarf and a piece of my own birthday _19_ around with me.He was very happy with these gifts and so was IThe _20_in his eyes was the best present he co
41、uld have given me!1A.workBenergy CmoneyDexperience【解析】从下文的买杂志、送围巾等事可知，帮助这些无家可归的人不必有很多钱(money)。【答案】C2A.InBOn CBesidesDBy【解析】by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，作方式状语。【答案】D3A.realizeBignoreCknowDrecognize【解析】get to know sb.意为“认识某人”。【答案】C4A.sellingBreadingCcoveringDbuying【解析】上文提到.buy their monthly magazine和_ doing
42、this one day.，由此可知，作者认识的这个年轻人常在火车站卖(sell)杂志。【答案】A5A.birthdayBhouseCheightDhobby【解析】从下一句话的we were born in the same month可知，他的生日(birthday)和我的生日很近。【答案】A6A.saidBfoundCguessedDmeant【解析】mean意为“意味着；意思是”，此处用meant来进一步解释前面的his_5_ was close to mine。【答案】D7A.longBshortly CeverDeven【解析】从后面的congratulating him可知，这个
43、年轻人生日刚过不久(shortly after)。【答案】B8A.stoppingBhelpingCpraisingDthinking【解析】从上下文可知，作者看到年轻人后，不假思考(without thinking)就问他生日是否过得好。【答案】D9A.looked upBturned upClooked downDgot down【解析】从下文的he hadnt really celebrated可知，由于条件不好，年轻人没有庆祝自己的生日，所以被别人问起的时候，不好意思地低下头(look down)。【答案】C10A.foolishBexcitedCcleverDworried【解析】作
44、者意识到自己的言行让年轻人很尴尬，所以觉得自己很愚蠢(foolish)。【答案】A11A.calmBhappyCaloneDhungry【解析】从上文可知，这个年轻人没有庆祝生日，所以作者不敢想这么好的人竟然独自(alone)度过自己25岁的生日。【答案】C12A.SuddenlyBLuckily CBadlyDHowever【解析】从下文可知，作者想给这个年轻人织条围巾作为礼物送给他，所以当作者发现纱线时，觉得很庆幸(luckily)。【答案】B13A.usedBdoneCleftDproduced【解析】left意为“剩下的，余下的”，在句中作后置定语。【答案】C14A.scarfBcap
45、 CsockDglove【解析】从下文的so the scarf would be.可知A项符合语境。【答案】A15A.whenBbecause CsoDand【解析】因为作者不常织东西，所以纱线有点脏了，because引导原因状语从句。【答案】B16A.differentBdryCwetDclean【解析】上文提到纱线脏，作者洗了纱线是为了织出的围巾是干净的(clean)。【答案】D17A.likedBhoped CpromisedDagreed【解析】作者希望(hoped)见到年轻人，以便把围巾送给他。【答案】B18A.madeBthrown CreceivedDcarried【解析】因为作者希望看到年轻人，所以随身带了(carried)为他织的围巾。【答案】D19A.cakeBpresent CsongDparty【解析】a piece of my own birthday cake意为“我自己的一块生日蛋糕(cake)”。【答案】A20A.lightBpainCsightDtear【解析】句意：他眼里发亮的眼神是他给我的最好的礼物。light意为“亮光，眼神”；pain意为“痛苦，疼痛”；sight意为“视力，场景”；tear意为“眼泪”，常用复数tears。【答案】A
