1、1sculpt v雕刻，雕塑sculpture n雕刻品，雕像2oppose v反对opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的3behave v. 举止behavior n举止，行为4confuse v使困惑confusing adj.令人困惑的confused adj.困惑的confusion n. 困惑5alarm n警报器；闹钟alarmed adj.警觉的6reflect v显示，反映reflection n显示，反映7create v创造creative adj.创造(性)的creativity n创造性，创造力8visible adj.看得见的，可见的invisib
2、le adj.看不见的unique adj.极好的，难得的，不同寻常的；特别的；独一无二的Each persons fingerprints are unique.独一无二的This is a unique opportunity to study these creatures.难得的One reason is that they have a unique learning style.特别的Words And Phrases知识要点1have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难/麻烦(教材原句P14)Have you ever asked yourself why
3、 people often have trouble learning English?你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学习英语很困难？例1Many parents frankly admit that they have trouble bringing up their children.许多家长坦诚，他们在抚养子女的问题上有困难。例2I can speak a little Chinese，but I have trouble reading and writing Chinese characters.我会说一点汉语，但是在阅读和书写汉字方面我有困难。翻译他没有告诉我他解决这个问题
4、有多难。He didnt tell me what trouble he had working out the problem.知识拓展in trouble处于困境中out of trouble 摆脱困境get into trouble 陷入困境get sb.into/out of trouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳做某事；费神做某事have trouble with sth. 做某事有困难/麻烦即学即练单句语法填空If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to lend a ha
5、nd.Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers always help us patiently.Thanks for the trouble you have taken to help (help) us.What worries me is that I am really having trouble collecting (collect) useful information.知识要点2opposing adj. (观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的(教材原句P15)If “hard” is the opposite
6、of “soft”，why are “hardly” and “softly”not an opposing pair?如果“hard”(坚硬的)是“soft”(柔软的)的反义词，为什么“hardly”(几乎不)和“softly”(柔软地)却不是一对反义词呢？例1 My sister and I have opposing views on raising children.我的姐姐与我对于养育儿女持有相反的观点。例2Throughout the negotiations Tom and Jack took opposing views.整个谈判过程中，汤姆和杰克持的观点是对立的。知识拓展(1
7、)opposite adj.相反的，迥然不同的；对面的prep.在对面adv.在对面n.对立面，对立的人(或物)be opposite to与相反，在对面just the opposite 正好相反(2)oppose v. 反对，抵制oppose (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(3)opposition n. U(强烈的)反对，反抗(4)opposed adj. 强烈反对；(意见、看法等)截然不同be opposed to sth. 反对某事即学即练用oppose的适当形式填空The couple was looking forward to an overseas wedding
8、but had to drop the idea after facing opposition from parents.Not everybody agree to the plan.Some support it，while I am one of those who are opposed to it.The twins have opposing attitudes towards life.Thus，one is living happily，and the other is just the opposite.知识要点3behavio(u)r n行为，举止；表现方式(教材原句P1
9、5)If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same?如果harmless actions(无害的行为)是harmful actions(有害的行为)的反义词，为什么 shameless behaviors(无耻的行为)和shameful behaviors(可耻的行为)是同义词呢？例1 His behavior in school is beginning to improve.他在学校的表现开始改善。例2 It is necess
10、ary to reward children for their good behavior.对孩子们的良好行为给予奖励是有必要的。翻译汤姆因为在课堂上的恶劣行为被惩罚了。Tom was punished for his bad behavior in class.知识拓展behave v表现；表现得体，有礼貌behave well/badly 举止得当/不得当behave oneself 守规矩，行为检点即学即练单句语法填空My cousin Jim didnt behave himself (he) at the party and thus left a bad impression o
11、n the guests.The boy behaved (behave) well at the banquet(宴会)and everyone praised his proper behavior.( behave)As a teacher，you shouldnt look down upon those students who behave badly (bad) in school.What you should do is help and love them.小片段填空Everyone here behaves very politely and tourists are d
12、eeply impressed with their elegant behavior.(behave)知识要点4confusing adj.令人困惑的，难以理解的，不清楚的(教材原句P15)Even the smallest words can be confusing.即使最简单的词也可能让人感到困惑。例1 The film is so confusing that I cant understand it.这部电影如此令人困惑以至于我看不懂。例2The instructions on the box are confusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。翻译对来自这三个地区的人们来说，这
13、也许令人困惑。This may be confusing for people from these three regions.知识拓展(1)confuse vt.使迷惑，使糊涂；混淆confuse A with/and B 把A和B混淆(2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的(常用来修饰人或人的表情、声音等)be confused about. 对感到困惑(3)confusion n. 困惑；困窘；混乱局面in confusion 困惑地；困窘地即学即练单句语法填空Be careful not to confuse “abroad”with/and“aboard”The two w
14、ords are very similar.He looked at me in confusion (confuse) and did not answer the question.When you are confused about some words in reading，you can refer to the dictionary.小片段填空They confused me by asking so many confusing questions.I was totally confused，standing there in confusion and not knowin
15、g what to do next.(confuse)知识要点5(教材原句P15)You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!你也一定对一门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中，当一座房子“被烧毁”(burns down)时它就“烧毁
16、”(burn up)了；你通过“填写它”(filling it out)的方式“填写表格”(fill in a form)；闹钟只有在它响起(goes off)时才被听到！(1)burn up烧毁；烧尽例1Aerobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you to burn up the fat.有氧运动加速心脏跳动，有助于消耗更多脂肪。例2Most of the woodland has now been burnt up.现在大多数林地被烧光了。翻译快走比慢跑消耗更多的热量。Brisk walking burns up more cal
17、ories than slow jogging.知识拓展burn down烧毁，烧掉(多指建筑物被烧塌)burn sth.off 烧掉某物burn (sth.) out 烧坏；燃尽burn.to the ground 把彻底烧毁即学即练单句语法填空The bushfire actually helped to burn off a lot of dead undergrowth.The fire had burnt out before the fire engines arrived.The great fire burned the teaching building to the gro
18、und.She was worried that the house might burn up/down while they were away.(2)alarm nU惊恐，惊慌；C警报器，警报；闹钟vt.使担心，使害怕，使惊恐例1 Set the alarm for 6 oclock，or you will be late for the flight tomorrow.把闹钟定在6 点钟，否则你明天会误了航班。例2 The captain knew there was a fault in an engine but he didnt want to alarm the passeng
19、ers.船长知道有一台发动机出了故障，不过他不想惊动乘客。翻译我敲了所有的门让大家警觉。I knocked on all the doors to raise/sound the alarm.知识拓展(1)in alarm惊慌地(常作方式状语)raise/sound the alarm 发出警报(2)alarming adj. 使人惊恐的，令人惊慌的(3)alarmed adj. 担心，害怕be/feel alarmed by/at sth. 因某事而担心/害怕即学即练单句语法填空The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming(alarm)rat
20、e，which should arouse the governments attention.Hearing a loud noise outside his door，he jumped up in alarm.People were alarmed at/by a series of campus fires in recent years.In each of these accidents，many deaths were reported.知识要点6reflect v显示，表明；反射；反映，映出(影像)；沉思，认真思考(教材原句P15)English was invented by
21、 people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.英语是由人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。例1 The literature of a period reflects its values.某一时期的文学可反映出该时期的价值观。例2 She could see her face reflected in the cars windshield.她看到自己的脸映照在汽车玻璃上。翻译山脚下，阳光照在湖面上，使它在富饶乡村(景色)的映衬下，如钻石般闪耀璀璨。At the foot of the mo
22、untains，the sunshine reflects on the lake，making it shine like diamonds against the rich countryside.知识拓展(1)reflect sb./sth.in sth.在里映出reflect on/upon. 认真思考(2)reflection n. 反射；映像；沉思即学即练单句语法填空Our school motto reflects (reflect) the importance we place on good manners，hard work and success.The lake is
23、 calm and clear，and one of the things that are reflected in the water is the famous tower.I think you should stop for a moment and reflect on/upon your success and failure.What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection(reflect)and a s
24、ign of respect for what the last speaker has said.知识要点7wind up 给(机械)上发条；摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结束(教材原句P15)And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends.那也是为什么当我给手表wind up(上紧)发条时，它开始走，但是当我wind up(结束)这篇文章时，它就到结尾了。例1The President is about to wind up his visit to Ch
25、ina.总统即将结束对中国的访问。例2After he got into the car，he started winding the window up.上了车以后，他开始摇上车窗。知识拓展wind ones way蜿蜒前进wind down 放松一下wind up doing 最终做；最终落得即学即练单句语法填空I find it difficult to wind down after a day at work.I wound up doing (do) the job just to keep my customers happy.The Great Wall winds its (
26、it) way from west to east，through valleys，over mountains，across deserts until at last it reaches the sea.Sentence Patterns重点句式1neither.nor.既不也不(教材原句P14)Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)也没有apple(苹果)。句式分析：neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个并列的句子成分，当连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。例1Neither
27、 was my wife nor my parents able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.我妻子和我父母没能说服我女儿改变主意。例2Neither has he done it，nor will he do it.他没有做过这事，他以后也不会做这事。造句理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。Neither could theory do without practice，nor could practice do without theory.知识拓展(1)可以单独使用 neither 作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。(2)neit
28、her 或 nor表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用 neither 或 nor 的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither / Nor助动词/情态动词/be动词主语。翻译他们俩都不喜欢足球。Neither of them likes football.昨天他们没去公园，我们也没去。They didnt go to the park yesterday.Neither/ Nor did we.重点句式2get sb.doing 使某人一直做或者处于某状态(教材原句P14)This got me thinking how English can be a crazy
29、 language to learn.这让我不禁思考，英语学起来怎么会是一门疯狂的语言。句式分析：get sb.doing 使某人一直做或者处于某状态，宾语与宾补之间为主动关系，且宾补动作一直在进行。例1He tried to get the machine running.他尽力让机器转着。例2Who can get the water running?谁能让水流着？造句我们一启动加热器，汽车就开始预热。Once we got the heater going，the car started to warm up.知识拓展(1)get sb.to do sth.使某人做某事(2)get st
30、h.done 使某事被做翻译医生将让那位病人戒烟。The doctor will get the patient to stop smoking.你最好去理发。Youd better go and get your hair cut.即学即练单句语法填空I managed to get the car moving(move)If you can get them to talk(talk)，your problem is solved.I got that broken window replaced(replace) at last.重点句式3That/This is why.那/这就是的
31、原因。(教材原句P15)That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible.那就是为什么星星出来(out)时，它们可以被看到(visible)，但是当灯熄灭(out)后，它们不能被看到(invisible)。句式分析：That/This is why.意为“那/这就是的原因”，why引导表语从句，表示结果。例1Thats why more and more foreigners are interested in learning Chinese.那
32、就是越来越多的外国人对学汉语感兴趣的原因。例2Thats why I insist the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.那就是我坚持认为长江之行是更好的选择的原因。造句那就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不是深水的原因，因为前者更温暖些。That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.知识拓展(1)This/That/It is because.这/那是因为(because引导表语从句，表示原因)(2)The re
33、ason why.is/was that.的原因是(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)翻译Maybe its because we have seldom sat down and exchanged our feelings and thoughts.那可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。The reason why he wasnt admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low.他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。即学即练一句多译他从一棵很高的树上摔下来。那就是他弄伤
34、腿的原因。He fell from a tall tree.Thats why he hurt his leg.He hurt his leg.Thats because he fell from a tall tree.The reason why he hurt his leg was that he fell from a tall tree.教材高考1.That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible.(2018浙江卷)This is wh
35、y there is a saying that if you want something done，ask a busy person to do it.2.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.(2019全国卷) Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.3.English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.(2019全国卷)
36、 But that changed when a system of hightech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below.4.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in wh
37、ich an alarm is only heard once it goes off！(2018全国卷) Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out！5.Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？(2018 天津卷)If your awareness is as sharp as it could be，youll have no trouble answering these questions.
38、单句语法填空1She is satisfied with the childrens good behavior (behave)2His writing is so confusing (confuse) that it is difficult to make out what it is he wants to express.3Your clothes are often a reflection (reflect) of your personality.4Though they are twins，they have opposing (oppose) ideas about it
39、.5As a teacher，we should encourage a students creativity(create)6The mountains are invisible (visible) because of the clouds.7Her sculpture (sculpt) will be on show at the museum until the end of this month.8Alarmed (alarm) by the noise，the birds flew away.9Ive got a cold；that is why I wouldnt like
40、to have a meal.10My duty was to get the four of us studying (study) the subject.选词填空look out of，what about，speaking of.，go off，for example，burn up，have trouble in，fill in，wind up，in ones free time 1Do you know how much energy you will burn up during the relay race?2Look out of the window! Its snowin
41、g.3If we all agree，lets wind up the discussion.4. Speaking of bicycle，some people think it has outdated in many big cities.5Please fill in this form，giving your name，age and address.6We often have trouble in using neutral pens because of its limited ink and other inconvenience.7Prices have risen sha
42、rply.The price of vegetables，for example，has risen by over 10%.8The gun went off and the bullet went flying over his head.9I play tennis in my free time.What about you?10What about going out for a walk after supper?.课文语法填空Have you ever asked 1.yourself (you) why people often have trouble 2.learning
43、(learn) English? I hadnt，until one day my fiveyearold son asked me 3.whether there was ham in a hamburger or not.This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language 4.to learn (learn)Even the smallest words can be 5. confusing (confuse)You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language
44、 in 6.which a house can burn up as it burns down，and in which an alarm 7.is heard (hear) once it goes off!English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the 8.creativity (create) of the human race.That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the 9.lights (light) are out，they are invisible.And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，10.but when I wind up this passage，it ends.
