1、上海市延安中学2020-2021学年第一学期期中考试高三年级英语试卷(考试时间:120分钟满分:140分)I. Listening Comprehension(25分)Section ADirections: In Section A, youll hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spo
2、ken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On a car display. B. At a garage.C. In an underground parking. In a shopping mall.2. A. At about 7: 10. B
3、. At about 8: 00. C. At about 7: 50 D. At about 7:30.3. A. Become a doctor. B. Inspect a famous hospital.C. Calm down a bit. D. Get some medical advice.4. A. Instructor. B. Physician. C. Weatherman. D. Psychologist.5. A. She is mute. B. She can not hear well.C. She has become poor. D. She is tired o
4、f the children. 6. A. The man shows disappointment at what the woman will do.B. The man would like to join them. C. The man suggests the woman should reconsider her plan. D. The man tries to persuade the woman not to go with Jerry.7. A. The pieces of cloth are made out of fake materials. B. He wants
5、 the part of each cloth.C. He cant tear either piece off cloth. D. The pieces of cloth seem identical to him.8. A. To tell him they are busy. B. To call off an appointment.C. To invite him to go to a concert. D. To ask him about a party.9. A. The rain is not expected to last much longer.B. The next
6、few days are supposed to be sunny and warm.C. Clouds and cold weather are expected. D. It will be much better than it already is.10. A. She likes what he prepares for her.B. He gives her many gifts.C. He offers to take her home as soon as possible. D. She has been a visitor at his home.Section BDire
7、ctions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and dec
8、ide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Optimistic. B. Imaginative. C. Ambitious. D. Unrealistic.12. A. Discovery of the news value of his stories. B. Financial support. C. Help in finding issues. D. Impro
9、vement of his good ideas.13. A. They should keep their best reporters by providing as much help as possible. B. They should give more freedom to their reporters in writing stories.C. They should make stricter rules to standardize their reporters working styles. D. They should be less pushy and reduc
10、e their reporters mental stress. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. His being unable to catch fish. B. His fathers not being patient with him.C. His fathers failing to teach him fishing. D. His fathers refusing to answer his questions. 15. A. In deep water under watersi
11、de trees. B. In deep water on rainy days.C. In shallow water on sunny days. D. In shallow water on overcast days.16. A. He found it easy to think like a customer.B.He found it difficult to sell services to poor people.C. He found his bosss sales ideas reasonable.D.He found his fathers fishing advice
12、 inspiring.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17.A. Because she didnt work hard at the report.B. Because she didnt get a satisfactory result despite her effort. C. Because she failed to hand in her report on time.D. Because the professor didnt give her another chance.18. A. S
13、eptember 3rd. B. September 5th. C. September 16th. D. September 30th 19. A. The time when the Chinese space industry started. B. The road which the Chinese space industry went throughC.The astronauts who contributed greatly to the Chinese space industry.D. The future that the Chinese space industry
14、may have.20. A. To do more research and write another report of a new topicB. To find some important information and rewrite the report.C. To improve her attitude towards study and work harder. D. To stop thinking about the unsatisfactory result of the report.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20)Section A
15、Directions: After reading the passages below fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词
16、的正确形式。The Durable Satisfaction of LifeFor educated men, what are the sources of the solid and durable satisfactions of life? I hope you are all aiming at the solid, durable satisfactions of life, not primarily the gratifications of this moment or of tomorrow, but the satisfactions that are going to
17、last and grow._1_ as I have seen, there is one indispensable foundation for the satisfactions of life-health. A young man_2_ be clean, wholesome, vigorous animal.That is the foundation for everything else, and I hope you will all be that, if you are nothing more. We have to build everything in this
18、world of domestic joy and professional success, everything of a useful, honorable career, _3_ bodily wholesomeness and vitality. To be a clean, wholesome, vigorous animal _4_ (involve)a good deal. One must stay energetic and avoid drunkenness, gluttony(暴食)and getting into dirt of any kind. Neverthel
19、ess, _5_ of you would be content with this achievement as the total outcome of your lives. It is indeed a happy thing to enjoy all through life sports and bodily exercise, but, if _6_ (make)the main object of life, they tire and cease to be a source of durable satisfaction.What is the next thing, th
20、en, _7_we want in order to make sure of durable satisfactions in life? We need a strong mental grip, a wholesome capacity for hard work. It is intellectual power and aims that we need. In all the professions-learned, scientific, or industrial-large mental enjoyments should come to educated men. _8_
21、distinguishes the privileged class that has opportunity for prolonged education from the larger class that has not that opportunity is that the educated class lives mainly by the exercise of intellectual powers and gets therefore much _9_ (great) enjoyment out of life than those who earn a livelihoo
22、d chiefly by the exercise of bodily powers. You ought to obtain here, therefore, the trained capacity for mental labor, rapid intense and sustained. That is the great thing for you _10_ (get) in college. Get it now. Get it in the years of college life. It is the main achievement of college to win th
23、is mental force, this capacity for keen observation and sustained thought, for everything that we mean by the reasoning power of man. That capacity will be the main source of intellectual joys and of happiness and content throughout a long and busy life.【答案】1. So/As far 2. should 3. on 4. involves 5
24、. none 6. made 7. that 8. what 9. greater 10. to get【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文说明了对受过教育的人来说，坚实而持久的生活满足的来源是什么。【1题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在我看来，生活的满足有一个必不可少的基础健康。根据句意，空处填 So/As far。as/ so far as“就而言”。故填So/As far。【2题详解】考查情态动词。句意：年轻人应该是干净、健康、有活力的动物。根据句意可知，空处表示“建议”应用should。故填should。【3题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们必须把一切都建立在身体健康和活力基础上，一切有益的、光荣的
25、事业。build sth on sth “将一事物作为另一事物的基础”。故填on。【4题详解】考查时态。句意：要成为一种干净、健康、有活力的动物，需要付出很多。本句为一般现在时，动词不定式做主语，谓语动词为单数。故填involves。【5题详解】考查代词。句意：然而，你们中没有人会满足于这个成就作为你们生命的全部结果。根据句意可知，你们中没有人会满足于这个成就作为你们生命的全部结果。none用于指人或指物，可与of短语连用。故填none。【6题详解】考查省略句。句意：通过一生的运动和体育锻炼来享受生活确实是一件快乐的事情，但是，如果把它们作为生活的主要目标，它们就会感到厌倦，不再是持久的满足感
26、的来源。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：if they are made，主从句主语相同，且动词为be动词，省略主语和be动词。故填made。【7题详解】考查关系代词。句意：那么，为了确保生活中持久的满足，我们还需要什么呢?。根据句意，本句为限制性定语从句，逗号只是分割then而以，the next thing为先行词，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词为that。 故填that。【8题详解】考查连接词。句意：有机会接受长期教育的特权阶级与没有机会接受长期教育的大众阶级的区别在于，受过教育的阶级主要靠智力来生活，因此比那些主要靠体力谋生的人从生活中获得更多的乐趣。分析句子可知，本句为主语从句，主语从
27、句中缺少主语，所以what来充当主语。故填what。【9题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：有机会接受长期教育的特权阶级与没有机会接受长期教育的大众阶级的区别在于，受过教育的阶级主要靠智力来生活，因此比那些主要靠体力谋生的人从生活中获得更多的乐趣。根据“than”以及句意可知，本句用形容词比较级。故填greater。【10题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：对你来说上大学是件好事。本句为it is+名词+ for sb to do sth“对于某人来说”的用法, 动词不定式做主语。故填to get。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage b
28、y using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. possibility B. gloomy C. superficially D. challenge E.opposite F.unbalanceG. intelligently H. escape I. maximize J. false K.energeticIf you think about it, work-life balance is a strange
29、 aspiration for fulfilling life. Balance is about stasis(静止): if our lives were ever in balance parents happy, kids taken care of, work working then our thought would be to shout “Nobody move!” and pray all would stay perfect forever. This _11_ hope is made worse by the implication that work is bad,
30、 and life is good; we lose ourselves in work but find ourselves in life; we survive work, but live life. And so the challenge, we are told, is to balance the heaviness of work with the lightness of life.Yet work is not the_12_of life. It is instead a part of life just as family is, as are friends an
31、d hobbies. All of these aspects of living have their share of wonderful, uplifting moments and their share of_13_ moments that drag us down. The same is true of work, yet when we think of it as something bad in need of a counterweight, we lose sight of the_14_ for better. It seems more useful, then,
32、 to not try to balance the unbalanceable, but to treat work the same way you do life:_15_ what you love. Think of your lifes many different activities as threads. Some are black, some are grey and some are white. But some of these activities contain all the signs of love : before you do them, you fi
33、nd yourselves looking forward to them; while youre doing them, time speeds up and you find yourself involved ; and after youve done them, you feel_16_.These are your red threads, and our research reveals that 73% of us claim that we have the freedom to modify our job to fit our strengths better, but
34、 that only 18 % of us do so. Your_17_, then, is to use your red threads to_18_ change, over time, the content of your job, so that it contains more things that you love doing and fewer that youre aching(渴望) to_19_.The most helpful categories for us are not “work” and “life”. We should not struggle t
35、o balance the two. Instead, the best categories are “love” and “loathe(憎恨)”. Our goal should be to, little by little, week by week, intentionally_20_ all aspects of our work toward the former and away from the latter. Not simply to make us feel better, but so that our colleagues, our friends and our
36、 family can all benefit from us at our very best. We cant always do only what we love. But we can always find the love in what we do.【答案】11. J 12. E 13. B 14. A 15. I 16. K 17. D 18. G 19. H 20. F【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文作者论述了工作和生活的关系，告诉人们应该及时调节工作与生活之间的平衡。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：工作是坏的，生活是好的，这种暗示使这种虚假的希望变得更糟。根据上文“Balan
37、ce is about stasis(静止): if our lives were ever in balance parents happy, kids taken care of, work working then our thought would be to shout “Nobody move!” and pray all would stay perfect forever. ”可知，工作生活停滞不前，祈祷一切完美的希望是错误的（false），形容词false意为“错误的”，作定语修饰名词hope。故选J项。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：然而工作并不是生活的对立面。根据该空前的定
38、冠词the可知，该空应该填名词；再根据下一句“It is instead a part of life.”可知，工作是生活的一部分，并不是生活的对立面（opposite）。名词opposite意为“对立面”。故选E项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：生活的所有这些方面都有精彩、振奋人心的时刻，也有拖累我们的沮丧时刻。根据该空前“wonderful, uplifting moments(精彩、振奋人心的时刻)”可知，该空意为“沮丧的，忧郁的”，与上文形成对比。形容词“gloomy”意为“沮丧的，忧郁的”， gloomy作定语修饰名词moments。故选B项。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：工作也是
39、如此，然而当我们把它看作是需要一个糟糕的事情来平衡时候，我们就忽略了更好的可能性。根据该空前的“of the”可知，该空应该填名词；再根据句意，该空意为“可能性”，名词possibility意为“可能性”，作介词of的宾语。故选A项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：那么，似乎更有用的是，不要试图平衡这个失衡，而是像对待生活一样对待工作：最大限度地利用你所热爱的。结合选项及下文，尤其是“modify our job to fit our strengths better”可知，该空意为“最大限度地利用”，动词maximize意为“充分利用，最大限度地利用”，该句是祈使句，动词原形maximize置
40、于句首。故选I项。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：但有些活动包含了热爱的所有迹象：在你做之前，你会发现自己很期待；当你在做的时候，时间会加快，你会发现自己投入其中；当你完成这些活动后，你会感到精力充沛。根据该空前的系动词feel可知，该空应该填形容词；再结合选项及上文“But some of these activities contain all the signs of love”可知，该空意为“精力充沛的”，形容词energetic意为“精力充沛的”。故选K项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：那么，你的挑战是，随着时间的推移，用你的红线明智地改变你的工作内容，这样你喜欢做的事情就多了，而逃
41、避工作的痛苦就更少了。 根据上文，该句中的red threads指的是喜欢做的工作。再根据该空前是形容词性物主代词Your可知，该空应该填名词；再结合选项及上下文，尤其是“and our research reveals that 73% of us claim that we have the freedom to modify our job to fit our strengths better, but that only 18 % of us do so”可知，该空意为“挑战”，名词challenge 意为“挑战”。故选D项。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：那么，你的挑战是，随着时间的
42、推移，用你的红线明智地改变你的工作内容，这样你喜欢做的事情就多了，而逃避工作的痛苦就更少了。 根据上文，该句中的red threads指的是喜欢做的工作。分析句子结构可知，该空填应该填副词修饰东西change，再结合句意，该空意为“明智地”，副词intelligently意为“明智地，聪明地”，符合句意及语法结构。故选G项。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：那么，你的挑战是，随着时间的推移，用你的红线明智地改变你的工作内容，这样你喜欢做的事情就多了，而逃避工作的痛苦就更少了。根据上文该句中的red threads指的是喜欢做的工作。再根据该句中的“more things that you love
43、 doing”以及“fewer that youre aching”可知，and后句意为“逃避的事情就更少了”，ache to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”，因此，该空填动词原形escape。故选H项。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：我们的目标应该是，一点一点，一周一周，有意识地把我们工作的各个方面朝着前者而不是后者失衡。根据上文“We should not struggle to balance the two.”可知，该空意为“失衡”，动词unbalance意为“失衡”，副词intentionally作状语修饰谓语动词unbalance。故选F项。III. Reading Compreh
44、ension (45)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Do you remember how you felt the first time you rode bike? What about your first heartbreak? _21_ moments and th
45、e emotions they arouse can resonate in our minds for decades, powerfully shaping who we are as individuals. But for those who experience severe trauma(创伤), such painful memories can leave people with life-changing mental conditions. So, what if traumatic memories did not have to cause so much _22_ ?
46、 For now, the work is happening in mice. Neuroscientists usually define a singular memory as an engram-a physical change in brain tissue _23_ a particular recollection. While at MIT in 2013, Steve Ramirez of Boston University and his research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrough: They were able to targ
47、et the cells that _24_ one engram in a mouses brain and then implant a false memory. In their work, mice _25_ in fear to a particular stimulus even when they had not been conditioned in advance. In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether _26_ memories can be “overwri
48、tten” by positive ones. In their experiments, positive memories are created by putting male mice in cages with female ones for an hour, and negative memories are created by putting the mice in cages that deliver brief foot shocks. After a surgical operation on the mice, the researchers find that _27
49、_ positive memories while mouse is in a cage makes it less fearful. They think that this memory “retrainingmay be helping to _28_ some of the mouses trauma. _29_ , it is unclear whether those original fear memories are completely lost or just suppressed(抑制)._30_ Ramirezs team stresses that their wor
50、k in mice is preliminary(初步的), they see treatment potential for humans down the road. Those suffering from PTSD or depression could have their memories _31_ , for instance, so that they dont have a strong _32_ response to painful recollections.If its one day possible to alter human memory, who shoul
51、d be allowed to receive that treatment? And would the _33_ system be at a disadvantage if key witnesses and victims cannot remember a crime? These are questions New York University bioethicist Arthur Caplan says are worth thinking about before the technology is ready for human clinical settings. As
52、neuroscientists progress with their research, they say these _34_ issues are being taken into account. Ramirez sees the idea of _35_ memories as neither good nor bad. Like water, it just depends on how you use it.21. A. ForgettableB. MemorableC. SustainableD. Believable22. A. fruitB. differenceC. pa
53、inD. movement23. A. associated withB. exchanged forC. sentenced toD. deprived of24. A. put offB. pick upC. turn onD. make up25. A. reactedB. hurriedC. stunnedD. resolved26. A. short-termB. negativeC. enjoyableD. reliable27. A. deletingB. decreasingC. activatingD. pausing28. A. recreateB. eliminateC.
54、 liberateD. memorize29. A. ThereforeB. BesidesC. IndeedD. However30. A. SinceB. UnlessC. UntilD. While31. A. removedB. strengthenedC. alteredD. stimulated32. A. emotionalB. physicalC. controversialD. mechanical33. A. immuneB. justiceC. medicalD. commerce34. A. mentalB. ethicalC. criminalD. equality3
55、5. A. killingB. multiplyingC. controllingD. justifying【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了神经科学家们在老鼠身上做实验，看是否可以改变大脑中有关痛苦的那些记忆，且该实验已经取得初步效果。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些记忆深刻时刻和他们激起的情感可以几十年在我们的头脑中产生共鸣，塑造着我们是谁。A.Forgettable 忘记了的；B.
56、Memorable记忆深刻的； C.Sustainable可持续的； D. Believable 可以相信的。根据上句“Do you remember how you felt the first time you rode bike?”（作者问第一次骑车的时候）可知，作者在讲过去的记忆。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这些创伤不会造成如此多的伤害，那会怎么样呢？A.fruit 水果；B.difference不同，影响； C.pain 痛苦； D.movement运动。根据上句“such painful memories can leave people with life-
57、changing mental conditions.（这些痛苦的记忆会给人们带来改变生活的精神状况。）“创伤”应该是痛苦的经历，所以会造成“痛苦”。 故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：神经系统科学家通常定义一个记忆为“一个印迹符号”-在大脑组织中的和一个特定的记忆有关的物理改变。A.associated with 和.有关；B.exchanged for交换； C.sentenced to 判刑；D.deprived of剥夺。“ define a singular memory as ”本句解释的是“memory”的定义，recllection是它的近义词，因此应该是“和它相关
58、的”。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们能够瞄准那个构成记忆符号的细胞，然后植入一个虚假的记忆。A.put off 推迟；B.pick up 捡起；C. turn on打开； D.make up构成。根据“a physical change in brain tissue 3 a particular recollection. ”（科学家对“engram”的定义）可知，那个细胞储存着记忆，构成了记忆符号。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的工作中，老鼠会对某个特定的刺激作出惊恐的反应，即使当它们提前没有遭遇到这种情况。A. reacted 反应；B.hurr
59、ied 匆忙； C.stunned 震惊； D.resolved 决心。根据“They were able to target the cells that 4 one engram in a mouses brain and then implant a false memory. ”（科学家们在做研究，“往它们体内植入虚假的记忆”），所以应该是老鼠对此作出反应。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们当前的工作中，他和同事正在调查是否这些消极的记忆可以被积极的记忆改写。A.short-term 长期的；B.negative 消极的；C.enjoyable 快乐的；D.reli
60、able可靠的。根据后文的“ be “overwritten” by positive ones”可知，本空应该是它的反义词。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在对老鼠进行外科手术之后科学家们发现，当老鼠在笼子里的时候激活那些积极的记忆会让它不再那么恐惧。A.deleting 删除；B.decreasing 减少；C.activating 激活； D.pausing暂停。根据“positive memories are created by putting male mice in cages with female ones for an hour”，（科学家们对老鼠输入了积极的
61、记忆），所以推测本句指“激活”这些积极记忆。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为这种记忆的“重新训练”有助于去除掉老鼠的一些创伤。A.recreate重新创造； B.eliminate消除； C.liberate 解放；D.memorize记住。根据下文，“it is unclear whether those original fear memories are completely lost or just suppressed”（不知这些原始恐惧是否完全消失）可知，本句指这样做可以“消除”掉一些创伤。故选B。29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，是否这些原始的恐惧记
62、忆完全消除或抑制是不清楚的。A.Therefore 因此；B.Besides 另外；C.Indeed 实际上；D.However然而。根据上文“They think that this memory “retrainingmay be helping to 8 some of the mouses trauma. ”，这样做有助于消除恐惧记忆，下句又讲“能否完全消除还不清楚”，因此两句之间是转折关系。故选D。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的团队强调他们在老鼠身上的成果只是初步的，但是他们也看到了在这条路上为人类治疗的潜力。A.Since因为； B.Unless 除非；C.Unt
63、il 直到；D.While然而。根据从句中“preliminary(初步的)”一词，及主句中“潜力”一词，可推出主从句之间为转折关系。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人们就可以让他们的记忆被转换，以致于他们对痛苦的经历没有一种强烈的反应。A.removed 移除；B.strengthened 加强；C.altered 转换；D.stimulated刺激。根据“Ramirezs team stresses that their work in mice is preliminary(初步的), they see treatment potential for h
64、umans down the road”，“科学家们在对老鼠做实验的成效中，看到了人类治疗的潜能”，所以本句是这种“潜能”应用的例子，就是可以转换人的记忆。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人们就可以让他们的记忆被转换，以致于他们对痛苦的经历没有一种强烈的反应。A.emotional 情感的；B.physical 身体的C.controversial 传统的；D.mechanical机械的；本空修饰“response to painful recollection”（人对痛苦回忆的反应），这种反应应该是“情感上的”。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意
65、：如果关键的证人和受害者不能记得犯罪事件，那么执法系统会处于不利地位吗? A.immune 免疫的；B.justice 公正的，正义，执法制度；C.medical 医疗的；D.commerce商业。根据 “system be at a disadvantage if key witnesses and victims cannot remember a crime? ”意思，证人和受害者不记得犯罪事件后，那么“执法部门”就无法找到确切的犯罪证据。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伴随着神经科学家们研究进展，他们说这些道德上的问题也正在被考虑中。A.mental 精神的；B.eth
66、ical 道德上的，伦理的 ；C.criminal 罪犯的；D.equality平等性。根据“These are questions New York University bioethicist Arthur Caplan says are worth thinking about ”作者提出，如果这种技术应用在人身上后，会出现的各种问题可知，这些问题都属于“道德”方面的。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ramirez认为这种控制记忆的想法既不是好的，也不是坏的，这取决于你怎样使用它。A.killing 杀害；B.multiplying 繁殖；C.controlling控制；D
67、.justifying证明.合法，辩护。根据“memories can be “overwritten” by positive ones”可知，本文主要讲“改变人的记忆”的问题，所以这里应该是“控制记忆”。故选C。【点睛】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D
68、. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Imagine having master key for your life, a key that gives access to your home, your diary, your computer, your phone, your car, your safe deposit. Would you go around making copies of that key and
69、 giving them to strangers? Probably not the wisest idea it would be only a matter of time before someone abused it, right? So why are you willing to give up your personal data to pretty much anyone who asks for it?Privacy is the key that unlocks the aspects of yourself that are most intimate and per
70、sonal, that make you most you, and most vulnerable. When you give that key, your privacy, to someone who loves you, it will allow you to enjoy closeness and they will use it to benefit you. However, not everyone will use access to your personal life in your interest. Fraudsters might use your date o
71、f birth to impersonate you while they commit a crime. Hackers are eager to get hold of sensitive information or images so they can blackmail you. Companies want to know how best to distract you and want you to spend your money on them. They also get to other people through you by asking you for acce
72、ss to your contacts. Moreover, all sorts of agents would like to use your voice as their mouthpiece on social media and beyond.By now, most people are aware that their data is worth money. But your data is not valuable only because it can be sold. Facebook doesnt technically sell your data, for inst
73、ance. They sell the power to influence you and the power to predict your behavior. Google and Facebook are not really in the business of data they are in the business of power. Even more than monetary gain, personal data bestows power on those who collect and analyze it, and that is what makes it so
74、 coveted. The more that someone knows about us, the more they can anticipate our every move. Power over others privacy is the quintessential kind of power in the digital age. An example of power shaping preferences today includes when tech uses research about how dopamine (多巴胺) works to make you add
75、icted to an app. Refraining from using tech altogether is unrealistic for most people, but there is much more you can do short of that. Respect other peoples privacy. Dont expose ordinary citizens online. Dont film or photograph people without their consent, and certainly dont share such images onli
76、ne. When downloading apps and buying products, choose ones that are better for privacy. Tum your phones Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and locations services off when you dont need them. Use the legal tools at your disposal to ask companies for the data they have on you and ask them to delete the data. Change you
77、r social media settings to protect your privacy.Dont make the mistake of thinking you are safe from privacy harms, maybe because you are young, optimistic and healthy. But you might not be as healthy as you think you are, and you will not be young forever. Privacy is important because it gives power
78、 to the people. Protect it.36. It can be learned from the 2nd paragraph that_.A. privacy is like a persons master key, which should be protected from anyone elseB. people who dont care about your interest will exploit your data to their advantageC. criminals will deceive your friends into committing
79、 crimes by accessing your contactsD. customers under threat from advertising agents are forced to advertise products37. According to the context, the underlined word “coveted” is closest in meaning to_.A. desiredB. addictedC. containedD. overwhelmed38. What is the real motive for digital companies o
80、btaining peoples personal data?A. To make short-term profits by selling the obtained data to their competitorsB. To control peoples dopamine and prevent them from getting addicted to appsC. To keep peoples data safe from fraudsters and hackers and ensure their life qualityD. To gain the power of man
81、ipulating peoples behaviors by analyzing the data39. Which of the following is NOT advisable concerning peoples privacy safety?A. Closing locations services when they are not needed.B. Resorting to laws for personal data protection.C. Allowing strangers to browse your WeChat Moments.D. Not sharing f
82、riends images online without their approval.【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章说明了各种有不同目的的人利用我们的个人隐私信息，除了金钱利益之外，更多的是他们利用个人信息来获得操纵我们行为的能力。作者还提出了保护个人隐私的一些建议。【36题详解】推理判断题。第二段中提到“However, not everyone will use access to your personal life in your interest. Fraudsters might use your date of birth to
83、 impersonate you while they commit a crime.Hackers are eager to get hold of sensitive information or images so they can blackmail you. Companies want to know how best to distract you and want you to spend your money on them. They also get to other people through you by asking you for access to your
84、contacts. Moreover, all sorts of agents would like to use your voice as their mouthpiece on social media and beyond.(并不是每一个人都会为了你的利益而进入你的私人生活。欺诈者可能在犯罪时利用你的出生日期冒充你。黑客们急于获得敏感的信息或图片，这样他们就可以勒索你。公司想知道如何最好地分散你的注意力，想让你花钱。他们也可以通过你联系其他人，让你访问你的联系人。此外，在社交媒体和其他平台上，各种各样的经纪人都想用你的声音为他们说话)”可以推断，各种各样的人会利用你的个人信息做对他们有
85、利的事情。故选B。【37题详解】词句猜测题。划线词前的一句提到“Even more than monetary gain, personal data bestows power on those who collect and analyze it.(个人数据甚至比金钱收益更能赋予收集和分析数据的人权力)”；划线词后的下文提到拥有个人数据的权力的作用“The more that someone knows about us, the more they can anticipate our every move. Power over others privacy is the quinte
86、ssential kind of power in the digital age.(一个人对我们了解得越多，就越能预测我们的一举一动。在数字时代，凌驾于他人隐私之上的权力是一种典型的权力)”。由此可知，该部分是说明拥有个人数据会让那些有目的的人拥有更多的权力，这正是他们想要得到个人数据的原因。由此可以推测，converted意思为“想得到的”。故选A。【38题详解】推理判断题。文章第三段中提到“The more that someone knows about us, the more they can anticipate our every move. Power over others
87、 privacy is the quintessential kind of power in the digital age. An example of power shaping preferences today includes when tech uses research about how dopamine (多巴胺) works to make you addicted to an app.(一个人对我们了解得越多，就越能预测我们的一举一动。在数字时代，凌驾于他人隐私之上的权力是一种典型的权力。现在这种权力影响我们的偏好的一个例子是科技利用这样的研究：如何利用多巴胺让你沉迷于
88、一个应用程序)”可以推断，数字公司获取人们个人数据的真正动机是通过分析个人数据来预测我们的行为，从而获得操纵人们行为的能力，例如，让你沉迷于某种应用程序。故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。文章第四段中提到保护个人隐私的一些方法“Respect other peoples privacy. Dont expose ordinary citizens online. Dont film or photograph people without their consent, and certainly dont share such images online. When downloading a
89、pps and buying products, choose ones that are better for privacy. Tum your phones Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and locations services off when you dont need them. Use the legal tools at your disposal to ask companies for the data they have on you and ask them to delete the data. Change your social media setting
90、s to protect your privacy.(尊重他人的隐私。不要在网上曝光普通公民身份。不要在未经他人同意的情况下拍摄或拍照，当然也不要在网上分享这些照片。在下载应用程序和购买产品时，选择保护隐私的软件。当你不需要手机的Wi-Fi、蓝牙和定位服务时，请关闭它们。使用你可以使用的法律工具向公司索要他们拥有的关于你的数据，并要求他们删除这些数据。更改您的社交媒体设置，以保护您的隐私)”可知，关于隐私安全，“允许陌生人浏览你的微信朋友圈”的做法是不可取的。故选C。(B)Scenery along thesky roadFor centuries, Tibet has not been ex
91、plored as much by the outside world due to its remote location, extreme climate and geographic environment. Dubbed the “sky road”, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has become the most popular and convenient way to connect Tibet to the rest of China. This 1,956-kilometer-long world-renowned railway begins i
92、n Xining and ends in Lhasa. The stunning scenery along the railway offers not only a feast for the eyes, but also a journey for the soul.Qinghai Lake: A paradise for birdwatchers and cyclistsDazzling like a crystal-clear gem, Qinghai Lake is the largest inland lake as well as saline lake in China. B
93、e it the blue sky and water, the green grassland or mesmerizing landscapes-Qinghai Lake boasts great charms that are worth exploring. Qinghai Lake is definitely a paradise for bird lovers as many different kinds of birds would fly here to breed in May and June due to the mild weather. Meanwhile, for
94、 cyclists, cycling around the lake not only allows them to enjoy the beauty of the lake view, but also while away the time. Tips: The best time to visit the Qinghai Lake is from April to August as numerous Cole flowers blossom along the lake during that time, forming breathtaking scenery for visitor
95、s. In addition, May and June is the best season for bird lovers.Kunlun Mountains: More than just mountainsAs the train keeps moving up, a picturesque view of Kunlun Mountains appears before you.Reputed as the holy mountains, Kunlun Mountains extend west from the Pamirs with a length of 2,500 kilomet
96、ers. The 6,178-meter Yuzhu Peak is the highest of the Kunlun Mountains in Qinghai. The high peaks of the mountains are covered with snow and mist all year round, creating must-see view along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.Its worth mentioning that the Yuzhu Peak is the first sightseeing station for passe
97、ngers, which allows them to get off the train and take photos outside. For climbing beginners, this peak is considered to be the ideal destination as its route requires less technique.Hoh Xil Nature Reserve: Forbidden zone for humansHoh Xil, which meansgreen mountainsin Mongolian, is a plateau betwe
98、en the Kunlun and Tanggula mountain ranges, with an average altitude of 5,000 meters. Home to many wild animals, including the Tibetan antelope and the wild yak(牦牛), the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve is undoubtedly a desolate region in the northwestern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China.The extensi
99、ve area of alpine mountains is situated more than 4,500 meters above sea level, where sub-zero average temperatures prevail all year round. The geographic and harsh climatic conditions have made this place become theforbidden zone for humans. This is probably one of the few places left on Earth wher
100、e one could get off the beaten track and find inner peace. Tips: As there are no signs in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve, visitors often get lost here. Remember to bring a local herdsman with you or rent car to travel. Lhasa: The start of the journey to TibetThe final destination of the Qinghai-Tibet tr
101、ain trip-Lhasa, offers almost every aspect of Tibetan culture. If one must pick a name card for Lhasa, then Potala Palace is very likely to be the answer for that. No one can really say that he/she has visited Lhasa unless they have been to Potala Palace. To start a journey in Lhasa, the Potala Pala
102、ce is must-see destination for travelers from home and abroad.40. If you are a person desiring for an inner state of tranquility （安宁），which of the destinations is a must-see one along the“sky road”?A. Qinghai LakeB. Kunlun MoutainsC. Hoh Xil Nature ReserveD. Lhasa41. Qinghai Lake is an ideal place t
103、o appreciate the following scenery EXCEPT _.A. green grasslandB. snow-capped mountainsC. blossoming flowersD. breeding birds42. Which of the following descriptions is TRUE according to the passage?A. Railway passengers can take photos near the Yuzhu Peak, but are forbidden to go mountain-climbing.B.
104、 The Qinghai-Tibet Railway stretches more than 2,000 kilometers beginning in Xining and ending in Rikaze.C. Some road signs are available in Hoh Xil Nature Reserve for tourists to find their exact location.D. As a representative place for Lhasa, Potala Palace enjoys a world-wide reputation among tra
105、velers.【答案】40. C 41. B 42. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了被称为“天空之路”的青藏铁路沿线的一些旅游胜地，包括青海湖，昆仑山脉，可可西里自然保护区和拉萨。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据“Hoh Xil Nature Reserve: Forbidden zone for humans”中的第二段最后一句“This is probably one of the few places left on Earth where one could get off the beaten track and find inner peace.”（这里可能是地球上为数不多
106、的可以打破常规，获得内心平静的地方了。）可知，对于渴望内心安宁的人来说，可可西里自然保护区是一个必须要去的地方。故选C项。2.细节理解题。根据“Qinghai Lake: A paradise for birdwatchers and cyclists”中第一段的关键句“ the green grassland or mesmerizing landscapes”（绿色的草地或迷人的风景）及第二段中“Qinghai Lake is definitely a paradise for bird lovers as many different kinds of birds would fly h
107、ere to breed in May and June due to the mild weather.”（青海湖绝对是爱鸟者的天堂，因为五六月温和的天气，许多不同种类的鸟都会飞到这里繁殖。）和Tips中“The best time to visit the Qinghai Lake is from April to August as numerous Cole flowers blossom along the lake during that time”（4月至8月是游览青海湖的最佳时间，因为在这段时间，许多油菜花沿湖开放）可知，A、C、D三项都提到了，而没有提到在青海湖可以看到雪山。
108、故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据“Lhasa: The start of the journey to Tibet”中的“If one must pick a name card for Lhasa, then Potala Palace is very likely to be the answer for that. ”（如果一定要选一张拉萨的名片，那么很可能是布达拉宫。）及“To start a journey in Lhasa, the Potala Palace is must-see destination for travelers from home and abroad.”（在
109、拉萨旅行，布达拉宫是海内外游客必去的地方。）可知，作为拉萨的代表，布达拉宫在旅游者中享有世界声誉。故选D项。(C)As every mobile-phone owner knows, after a year or so the battery starts to fade and the beast needs recharging more frequently. That is a nuisance, but a phones batteries can be replaced fairly cheaply or the whole handset traded in for the l
110、atest model. An electric car, however, is a much bigger investment. Batteries are its priciest component, representing around 30% of an average of mid-size vehicle. Apart from increasing the risk of running out of juice and leaving a driver stranded, a deteriorating battery quickly destroys a cars s
111、econd-hand value.To provide buyers with some peace of mind, car makers guarantee their batteries, typically for eight years or around 200,000 km. Producers are now, though, planning to go much further than that, with the launch of “million-mile” (1.6km-kilometre) batteries. Elon Musk has hinted that
112、 Tesla has a million-mile battery in the works. And over in Detroit, General Motors (GM) is in the final stages of developing an advanced battery which it says has similar longevity.“Its a great catchphrase; the million-mile battery,” says George Crabtree, director of the Joint Centre for Energy Sto
113、rage Research at Argonne National Laboratory, near Chicago. “But the fact that you can drive a million miles may not be the most relevant parameter to look at.” Regular fast-charging reduces battery life, as do overcharging and deep discharging. Driving in extremely hot or cold weather doesnt help e
114、ither. And battery life will diminish even if you just leave the car in the garage. The real point of a million-mile battery is that the technological advances required to make it possible will deal with these things as well.The lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries which power electric cars age in two way
115、s: with time and with use. Battery-makers-call time-dependent ageing “calendar ageing”. It is consequence of the gradual degradation of some of the materials employed in battery construction, which reduces a batterys ability to hold a charge. Leaving a car with a fully rather than partly charged bat
116、tery, for example, can increase the rate of calendar ageing. Use-dependent ageing is a consequence of the number of discharge-recharge cycles a battery goes through. It is caused by the complex chemical reactions that take place when a battery is operating. Some of these are essential to a batterys
117、job of storing and releasing energy.Battery technology is improving all the time. As a consequence, so are calendar and use-dependent lifetimes. Getting direct experience of how electric cars are used is helping researchers come up with ways to mitigate (缓和) some of the side reactions, says Tim Grew
118、e, the head of GMs electrification strategy. The company employs remote “telematics” monitoring to keep track of how batteries are performing in its cars, and also takes back some batteries from high-mileage drivers and those living in extreme environments, such as deserts and mountainous regions, f
119、or analysis. Dealing with impurities that get into batteries helps to extend their lives. Water, for example, reacts with salts in the electrolyte to form an acid, which attacks the electrodes. To prevent this, GM has developed an addictive made from a type of material called a zeolite. Zeolites are
120、 molecular sponges. GMs version serves to mop up any moisture which enters a battery cell.Adding a little aluminium to a nickelcobalt-manganese cathode, a type that is widely used in Li-ion batteries, save on cobalt, the most expensive ingredient in a battery. But the aluminium delivers other benefi
121、ts as well. It boosts the batterys energy density, meaning a car can travel farther on a single charge. It also make the battery last longer.As a marketing device, the million-mile battery will give electric-car buyers more confidence that their batteries are robust. And by no means are million-mile
122、 batteries the limit of engineers aspirations. The next objective is to replace Li-ions liquid electrolytes with solid ones. That would keep the ions under stricter control and allow even longer driving ranges. This could make a two million-mile battery a feasible objective. If that day comes, the t
123、ables would have been turned. From being the first part of a car to fail, its battery will have come the last.43. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?A. It is more profitable to invest in an electric car than in a mobile phone.B. Spending more money on an electric car can i
124、ncrease its second hand value.C. Its much more costly to replace the failed batteries of an electric car with new ones.D. Compared with electric cars, batteries are of less importance to mobile phones.44. According to the passage, which of the following is the least likely to reduce an electric cars
125、 battery life?A. Unplugging an electric car once its fully charged.B. Often charging the car in “fast” mode to save time.C. Driving an electric car on sweltering summer days.D. Leaving the car in the parking lot for a long time.45. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the measures researchers t
126、ake to prolong a batterys lifetime?A. Monitoring and studying batteries performance in long-distance traveling.B. Adding zeolite to encourage the acidifying chemical reaction in the battery.C. Using aluminium to improve the batterys performance enabling the car to travel farther.D. Keeping the batte
127、ry partly charged to reduce its rate of “calendar ageing”.46. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.A. The current technology enables an electric car to drive a million miles on a single chargeB. Electric car engineers are always on the go to develop batteries with greater longevityC. Pol
128、icies on the choice of battery materials will be tightened to control the traveling rangeD. Drivers of future electric cars will no longer be worried about battery failure【答案】43. C 44. A 45. B 46. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对于电动汽车电池性能的研究和改良。【43题详解】句意猜测题。根据第一段划线部分“An electric car, however, is a much bigger
129、 investment.(然而，一辆电动汽车，是一个大得多的投资)”及后文“Batteries are its priciest component, representing around 30% of an average of mid-size vehicle.(电池是其最昂贵的部件，平均占中型汽车的30%左右)”可知，划线部分想表达的意思是“用新电池替换电动汽车的坏电池要贵得多”。故选C项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Regular fast-charging reduces battery life, as do overcharging and deep discharg
130、ing.(经常快速充电会缩短电池寿命，过度充电和深度放电也是如此)”可知，如果要尽可能少地缩减电池寿命，当电充满时，应及时拔下插头。故选A项。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Water, for example, reacts with salts in the electrolyte to form an acid, which attacks the electrodes. To prevent this, GM has developed an addictive made from a type of material called a zeolite.(例如，水和电解质中的盐发
131、生反应，形成酸，酸会攻击电极。为了防止这种情况发生，转基因公司开发了一种由一种叫做沸石的材料制成的添加剂)”可知，在水中加入沸石是为了弱化水和电解质中形成盐的反应而减少酸对电极的侵蚀，而不是促进酸化的化学反应进程。B说法错误。故选B项。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“And by no means are million-mile batteries the limit of engineers aspirations.(而且，上百万英里的电池绝不是工程师梦想的极限)”结合全段大意可知，本段讲述了电动汽车工程师们一直在努力开发寿命更长的电池，对电池的未来进行了憧憬。故选B项。Se
132、ction CDirections: Fill in each blank in the article with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Dolphins learn special foraging(捕食) techniques from their mothers and its now clear that they can learn from their buddie
133、s as well. _47_ It turns out that they learn this skill by watching their pals do the job. The discovery, reported in the journal Current Biology, helps reveal how groups of wild animals can transmit learned behaviors and develop their own distinct cultures.Dolphins are indeed very clever animals. S
134、o it makes sense that they are able to learn from others, says Sonja Wild, a researcher at the University of Konstanz in Germany. _48_ This study, however, shows that dolphins are also motivated to learn from their peers in addition to mimicking their mothers.The bottle-nose dolphins that live in Sh
135、ark Bay, Western Australia, have been studied for decades, and scientists have identified over a thousand individuals by looking at the unique shape and markings of their dorsal fins. Researchers know what families the dolphins belong to, and keep track of their close associates.Wild and her colleag
136、ues have closely examined how dolphins learn particular strategy for catching fish-one that involves using the empty shells of large sea snails. A dolphin will chase a fish to one of these shells, and then they insert their beak into the shell, bring the whole thing up to the face. After that, they
137、shake it up above the water surface to drain the water out of the shell until the fish basically falls into their open mouth.Whether or not dolphins caught fish in this way didnt seem to be explained by how many shells were lying around their hunting area, nor whether a dolphin was genetically relat
138、ed to another dolphin that knew how to do it. _49_ Previously, its been shown that humpback whales seem to learn hunting techniques from their peers in a similar way. The new observations of wild dolphins learning from their peers is exciting, says Diana Reiss, a dolphin cognition researcher at Hunt
139、er College, CUNY, It tells us about the source of some these behaviors. It seems like theyre not relying on just leaming from mom when theyre out there. They seem to be observing others, watching what theyre doing and acquiring it from others in their social group.Being able to learn from peers may
140、help animal populations survive in a changing environment. _50_ In unstable environments that are changing, its more beneficial to kind of look around and see what others are doing says Wild, and maybe adopt their behavioral innovations that may be more adaptive to the new environmental conditions.A
141、. The best explanation is that dolphins learned this method from a close associate.B. Research shows that this behavior gets passed down almost exclusively through the maternal line.C. Young dolphins spend years in close association with their mothers and naturally tend to adopt their mothers waysD.
142、 Because while knowledge from previous generations has been tested by time, certain behaviors may become less useful if conditions change.E. Take, for example, the clever trick that some dolphins use to catch fish by trapping them in seashells.F. Based on this assertion, we cant discount the possibi
143、lity that they innovate individually on their own.【答案】47. E 48. C 49. A 50. D【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章说明了海豚能够从伙伴那里学习，以利于自己更加适应新的环境。【47题详解】根据第一句“Dolphins learn special foraging techniques from their mothers and its now clear that they can learn from their buddies as well. ”表示海豚能通过自己的伙伴学习捕食。下文中“It turns out tha
144、t they learn this skill by watching their pals do the job. ”中“this skill”应该是前一句中指代的具体的技能。“Take, for example, the clever trick that some dolphins use to catch fish by trapping them in seashells.（举个例子，一些海豚用巧妙的把戏把鱼困在贝壳里）”中描述的即为这种技能。故选E项。【48题详解】根据上文Sonja Wild说的话，并结合下文中的“This study, however, shows that d
145、olphins are also motivated to learn from their peers in addition to mimicking their mothers.（然而，这项研究表明，除了模仿母亲之外，海豚也有向同伴学习的动机）”可知，空格处的句子应该描述海豚模仿母亲学习技能这件事。“Young dolphins spend years in close association with their mothers and naturally tend to adopt their mothers ways（年幼的海豚与母亲相处数年，自然地倾向于采取母亲的方式）”符合此处
146、语境。故选C项。【49题详解】本段为上一段海豚捕鱼方式的解释。根据“Whether or not dolphins caught fish in this way didnt seem to be explained by how many shells were lying around their hunting area, nor whether a dolphin was genetically related to another dolphin that knew how to do it.（海豚是否以这种方式捕鱼似乎不能用它们捕猎区域周围有多少贝壳来解释，也不能用海豚和其他知道如
147、何捕鱼的海豚是否有遗传关系来解释）”可知，此处应该点出具体的原因。“The best explanation is that dolphins learned this method from a close associate.（最好的解释是海豚从一个亲近的伙伴那里学到了这种方法）”中“best explanation”与第一句的“didnt seem to be explained”对应，且下一句为对于这一解释的例子的补充。故选A项。【50题详解】本段主题句为第一句，表示学习同伴技能的好处。下文Wild说的话也证明了这一观点。“Because while knowledge from pr
148、evious generations has been tested by time, certain behaviors may become less useful if conditions change.（因为尽管来自前几代人的知识已经经过了时间的考验，但如果条件改变，某些行为可能会变得不那么有用）”为对于主题句的原因补充，符合此处语境。故选D项。Summary Writing(10分)51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passa
149、ge in about 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible One Person/ Multiple CareersIn an art show at a gallery, Gedvile Bunikyte is among the crowd, introducing her latest works on exhibit. However, her talents extend to far more than her beautifully geometric(几何图形的) artworks. Bunikyte is what
150、is known assomeone who has multiple talents, which she has turned into professional careers, each separated by aslash in her job title. It has become common for people to have a hard time describing what they do for a living, with an increasing number of work-related labels attached to each individu
151、al. The slasher culture has infiltrated(渗透) every industry. The lawyer/ fashion blogger combination may seem contradictory to some, but makes perfect sense to multi-passionate millennials(千禧一代). Slash careers are an interesting concept when it comes to work-life balance and satisfaction, which has l
152、ittle to do with time spent in areas, but more to do with fulfillment across various areas that make up feelings of balance in ones life.Slash careers can also make you more desirable to an employer. They give you greater creativity and a broader skill set. Companies are always looking for self-star
153、ters and innovators on their teams to help them get to the next level. People who have taken the initiative to develop a slash career are more likely to bring those qualities into their office.Furthermore, its no secret that millennnials are struggling with money. Americans aged between 18 and 34 ha
154、d higher rates of being late with mortgage payments, overdrawing checking accounts,and having trouble with medical costs. A slash career might not help with the financial literacy, but it could help pay some of those bills.The possibilities of slash career options are truly limitless. However, Howev
155、er, Marci Alboher, the author who popularized the phrase “slash career,” believes its better to deeply immerse oneself in a particular career, and then layer in another slash. Personally, when I look back on my own slash career, I find this to be true as well. I began as a mental health counselor, w
156、hich led to consulting opportunities. Eventually, I made money from my blog and became a social media influencer._【答案】Since it has been common for people to find it difficult to describe their jobs,a slash career is an interesting concept. Not only can slash careers make you more desirable to an emp
157、loyer but also help pay some of those bills. Although possibilities for slashing career choices are indeed limitless, author of the popular term thinks its best to immerse yourself deeply in a particular career and then cut into another slash.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，由于人们发现很难描述自己的工作已经很普遍了，“slash caree
158、r（斜杠职业）”就成了一个有趣的概念。“斜杠职业”不仅能让你更受雇主的青睐，还能帮你支付一些账单。尽管斜杠职业选择的可能性确实是无限的，但这一流行术语的作者认为，最好让自己沉浸在一个特定的职业，然后再从事另一个。【详解】1.要点摘录. It has become common for people to have a hard time describing what they do for a living, with an increasing number of work-related labels attached to each individual. Slash careers
159、are an interesting concept when it comes to work-life balance and satisfaction, which has little to do with time spent in areas, but more to do with fulfillment across various areas that make up feelings of balance in ones life. Slash careers can also make you more desirable to an employer. A slash
160、career might not help with the financial literacy, but it could help pay some of those bills.The possibilities of slash career options are truly limitless. However, Marci Alboher, the author who popularized the phrase “slash career,” believes its better to deeply immerse oneself in a particular care
161、er, and then layer in another slash.2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句Since it has been common for people to find it difficult to describe their jobs,a slash career is an interesting concept.Not only can slash careers make you more desirable to an employer but also help pay some of those bil
162、ls.Although possibilities for slashing career choices are indeed limitless, author of the popular term thinks its best to immerse yourself deeply in a particular career and then cut into another slash.【点睛】高分句型1 Since it has been common for people to find it difficult to describe their jobs,a slash c
163、areer is an interesting concept.运用一个主从复合句对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。其中运用了since引导的原因状语从句。高分句型2Not only can slash careers make you more desirable to an employer but also help pay some of those bills.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第三段和第四段进行了概括，其中运用了倒装句。高分句型3Although possibilities for slashing career choices are indeed limitless,
164、 author of the popular term thinks its best to immerse yourself deeply in a particular career and then cut into another slash.运用一个复杂的主从复合句概括了最后一段内容。其中although引导让步状语从句。V. Translation(15分3+3+4+5)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 今年的第一
165、季度,疫情引起的不确定性导致许多广告商削减预算。(lead) (汉译英）【答案】In the first quarter of this year, the uncertainty caused by the outbreak led many advertisers to cut their budgets.【解析】【详解】考查时态、短语和非谓语动词。表示“导致”应用动词lead；表示“导致许多广告商削减预算”应用lead sb to do sth (导致某人做某事）表示即 lead many advertisers to cut their budgets；表示“今年的第一季度”应用In
166、the first quarter of this year，做时间状语；表示“引起”应用cause，“由疫情引起的”应用caused by the outbreak，在句中做定语修饰the uncertainty（不确定性）。叙述的是过去的事情。应用一般过去时。故答案为In the first quarter of this year, the uncertainty caused by the outbreak led many advertisers to cut their budgets.53. 气候变化不仅会使极端森林大火的天数翻倍,它还会增加雷击的危险。(Not only) (汉
167、译英）【答案】Not only will climate change double the number of days of extreme forest fires,but also it will increase the risk of lightning strikes.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语、部分倒装和时态。此处not only.but also.结构，表示“不仅而且”，not only位于句首时，not only后句子需用部分倒装，but also部分不用倒装，此处为一般将来时，故应将will提到主语之前。结合汉语意思“气候变化”可知短语为climate change；表
168、示“翻倍”短语为 double the number of ；表示“森林大火”短语为forest fires；表示“雷击”短语为lightning strikes。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Not only will climate change double the number of days of extreme forest fires,but also it will increase the risk of lightning strikes.54. 疫苗的安全性和有效性是公众日益关注的所以要经过反复的评估才能大范围开启试验。(concern v.) (汉译英）【答案】The sa
169、fety and efficacy of the vaccine is a growing public concern and it requires repeated evaluation before trials can begin on a large scale.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。此处为连词and连接并列句，表示“安全性和有效性”短语为the safety and efficacy ；表示“公众日益关注”短语为 a growing public concern ；表示“大规模”短语为on a large scale；结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为The safety an
170、d efficacy of the vaccine is a growing public concern and it requires repeated evaluation before trials can begin on a large scale.55. 人们理所当然地认为冲动购物,尤其在艰难时期能减缓压力并带来即时的愉悦,这就是为什么在每年的购物狂欢节,消费者总是有许多不必要的开销。(it) (汉译英）【答案】Its taken for granted that impulse purchases, especially in tough times, can reduce s
171、tress and provide instant pleasure. Thats why theres always so much unnecessary spending going on during the annual shopping carnival.【解析】【详解】考查动词、固定短语和名词性从句。分析句子可知，该句为一般事实，用一般现在时。表示“认为.理所当然”应用短语take.for granted，根据括号内提示，此处可用it作形式主语，that引导主语从句；表示“冲动购物”短语为impulse purcases，在从句中作主语；表示“艰难时期”短语为in tough t
172、imes，作从句中状语；表示“减缓”动词为reduce，作从句中谓语。表示“这就是为什么”可以用thats why 引导原因表语从句；表示“每年的购物狂欢节”短语为annual shopping carnival，作状语；表示“不必要的开销”短语为unnecessary spending，spending不可数，用单数即可。故翻译为Its taken for granted that impulse purchases, especially in tough times, can reduce stress and provide instant pleasure. Thats why th
173、eres always so much unnecessary spending going on during the annual shopping carnival。.76. Guided Writing(25分)56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.为积极倡导“绿色低碳生活”，学校英语杂志社正在举办题为“Go Green with Low-Carbon-Life”的征文活动。请你参加该征文，结合实
174、际谈谈你的想法，投稿内容必须包括：1.你对“绿色低碳生活”的理解；2.如何做到“低碳生活”。注:文中不得透露个人真实姓名和学校名称。_【答案】 The activities on Go Green with Low-Carbon-Life encourages me to think further about the topic. Here I am writing to share my ideas with you.Nowadays, with global warming getting worse, a new concept life low carbon life is prop
175、osed to challenge the environmental pollution, which is not only environmental-friendly, but also a healthy and fashionable lifestyle. It is such a significant project that we cant wait to embrace it. We practice our low carbon life from our daily lives.First, everyone is expected to cultivate their
176、 awareness of saving energy. Besides, going upstairs instead of taking a lift or going to school on foot instead of by car will bring us more fun of keeping fit and reduce more power consumption. Finally, stop “while pollution” to use recyclable bags rather than plastic bags.Maybe ones act seems tin
177、y, but all peoples efforts really make a difference. Hope everyone can join in our global low-carbon project to make our world a better place to live.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇征文给学校英语杂志社正在举办题为“Go Green with Low-Carbon-Life”的征文活动，谈谈自己对于“绿色低碳生活”的理解和建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法要求：1.你对“
178、绿色低碳生活”的理解；2.如何做到“低碳生活”。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）think further；global warming；significant；cultivate awareness of；instead of；recyclable bags；make a difference第三步：连词成句1. The activities on Go Green with Low-Carbon-Life encourages me to think further about the topic.2. Nowadays, with global warming getting worse, a
179、 new concept life low carbon life is proposed to challenge the environmental pollution, which is not only environmental-friendly, but also a healthy and fashionable lifestyle.3. It is such a significant project that we cant wait to embrace it.4. First, everyone is expected to cultivate their awarene
180、ss of saving energy.5. Besides, going upstairs instead of taking a lift or going to school on foot instead of by car will bring us more fun of keeping fit and reduce more power consumption.6. Finally, stop “while pollution” to use recyclable bags rather than plastic bags.7. Maybe ones act seems tiny
181、, but all peoples efforts really make a difference.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First, Finally2.表并列补充关系：Besides连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1Nowadays, with global warming getting worse, a new concept life low carbon life is proposed to challenge the environmen
182、tal pollution, which is not only environmental-friendly, but also a healthy and fashionable lifestyle.运用非限制性定语从句。高分句型2It is such a significant project that we cant wait to embrace it.运用结果状语从句。高分句型3Besides, going upstairs instead of taking a lift or going to school on foot instead of by car will bring us more fun of keeping fit and reduce more power consumption.运用动名词短语做主语。
