1、2020学年第二学期奉贤区高二英语期末调研测试考试时间：120分钟 满分：140分 202106I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken on
2、ly once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Only the man. B.Only the woman.C.Both the man and the woman. D.Neither the man nor the woman.2. A.The same price.
3、 B.Different prices.C.The same color. D.The same size.3. A.Christina has gone home. B.Christina feels at home there.C.Shes known Christina a long time. D.She just met Christina.4. A.20. B.25. C.18. D.36.5. A.Its snowy. B.Its cloudy. C.Its hot. D. Its fine6. A.The cinema. B.The art center. C.The dini
4、ng hall. D.The theatre.7. A.It wasnt open on Sundays. B.Its opening had been postponed.C. It was going to close before Sunday. D. It didnt deserve the praise it received8. A.The gallery is a good place for the exhibition. B.Preparing for the exhibition wont be easy.C.The man isnt telling the truth a
5、bout the offer. D.The man is making a bad decision.9. A. Spending more time on sightseeing. B.Visiting the city with a group.C.Touring the city on a fine day. D.Taking the man with her on the tour.10. A.The air will be cleaner if they go to another city.B.Itll soon be too late to control the polluti
6、on.C.Society will not pay attention to the new laws.D.The situation will improve if changes are made.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation w
7、ill be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A.A policeman. B.A fireman. C. A
8、 doctor D.A businessman.12. A.Turn on the radio. B. Get up early. C.Call John right away. D.Watch the live news.13. A.Joe wanted to become a millionaire.B.Both John and Joe died on Sept. 11.C.The father died of stomach cancer eventually.D.John wanted to be a firefighter because of a young lady.Quest
9、ions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.The number of fish increases greatly.B.The reefs(礁)dont make any warning sounds.C.The level of CO2 in sea water increases.D.Various kinds of sea life are attracted to the reefs.15.A.By the sounds other sea life makes.B.By the smells other f
10、ish leaveC. By the lights other fish give off.D.By the waves other sea life sends.16.A.They will avoid swimming near reefs.B.They are surrounded by enemies.C.They cant find their way home.D.They cant act wisely for weakened senses.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A
11、.She-has recently done her hair and looks-fantastic.B.She was recommended as a candidate for an award.C.Shes occupied in issuing awards to the prize winners.D.She was proud of her recent change in her public image.18. A.Because he didnt receive positive reviews.B.Because he knew the woman was being
12、politeC.Because his previous novel was much better.D.Because his work was more humorous than great.19.A.John was an attractive man.B.John was devoted to his business.C.John was good at catching thievesD.John enjoyed sharing his wedding photos.20. A.The robber was armed with a knife.B The robbery occ
13、urred at the hairdressers.C.The man helped catch the robber by coincidence.D.The man was in a park when the robbery happened. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a g
14、iven word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Flying HighBarrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization. His message for kids: “The only thing _1_separates you f
15、rom scientists is determination, hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve.” The secret, he believes, is having a dream in the first place, and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his
16、parents bookstore. One customer, a professional pilot, asked Irving _2_ hed thought about becoming a pilot.“I told him I didnt think I was smart enough; but the next day he took me to the cockpit of the commercial airplane he flew and then I _3_(hook).” _4_ (follow) his dream, Irving turned down a f
17、ootball scholarship to the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a $40 flight simulator(模拟) video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world. He faced more than 50 rejections for sp
18、onsorship _5_convincing companies to donate aircraft components. He took off with no weather radar, no deo-icing system, and just $30 in his pocket. “I like to do things people say I cant do.”After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms, he touched down to _6_ cheering crowd in Miami. “It was
19、 seeing so many young people watching and listening _7_ pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.” Irving has been doing it ever since. He set up his non-profit-making organization, Experience Aviation, _8_(mean)to increase the number of youth in aviation and science-related caree
20、rs.Kids attend program dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“We want to create chances for students _9_ they can accomplish something amazing,” he notes. Perhaps Irvings _10_(powerful) educational tool is the example his own life provides. After landing his record-
21、breaking flight at age 23, he said.“Everyone told me I was too young, that I didnt have enough experience, strength, or knowledge. They told me it would take forever and Id never come home. Well, guess what?”【答案】1. that 2. whether/if 3. was hooked 4. To follow 5. before 6. a 7. that 8. meant 9. so t
22、hat 10. most powerful【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴林顿欧文进行了他历史性的飞行，并建立了一个非营利性的教育组织。文章讲述了他的个人经历以及对教育的看法。【1题详解】考查定语从句。句意：你和科学家的唯一区别是决心、努力和对你想要取得的成就的强烈渴望。此处为定语从句修饰先行词thing，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由the only修饰，只能用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。【2题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一个顾客，一个专业的飞行员，问欧文他是否想过成为一名飞行员。此处为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if引导。故填wheth
23、er/if。【3题详解】考查动词语态。句意：但第二天，他带我来到他驾驶的那架商用飞机的驾驶舱，我就迷上了他。根据上文“the next day he took me to the cockpit of the commercial airplane he flew,”可知为一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为I，谓语动词用单数。故填was hooked。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了实现自己的梦想，欧文拒绝了佛罗里达大学的橄榄球奖学金。follow在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处为不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To follow。【5题详解
24、】考查介词。句意：在说服公司捐赠飞机部件之前，他面临了50多次赞助拒绝。结合句意表示“在之前”，后跟动名词作宾语，应用介词before。故填before。【6题详解】考查冠词。句意：经过97天，26次停留和几十次雷雨，他在迈阿密的欢呼人群中着陆。crowd为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且cheering是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【7题详解】考查状语从句。句意：看到这么多年轻人在观看和倾听，促使我用自己的知识和经验去回报社会。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此以至于”应用sothat。故填that。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他成立了非盈利组织“体验航空”，旨在增加从事航
25、空和科学相关职业的年轻人的数量。分析句子结构可知mean在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Experience Aviation构成被动关系，故应用过去分词,be meant to do sth.“照理/应该做某事”。故填meant。【9题详解】考查状语从句。句意：他指出：“我们希望为学生创造机会，让他们能够成就一些了不起的事情。”引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，结果是”应用so that。故填so that。【10题详解】考查最高级。句意：也许欧文最有力的教育工具是他自己的生活提供的榜样。结合句意表示“最有力的”可知应用形容词最高级。故填most powerful。Section BDire
26、ctions: Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. rise B. decisions C. worth D. promoting E. power F. shifted G. reliantH. promised I. surveying J. post K. connectIn a recent New Yorker cartoon, a ho
27、tel clerk says to two customers,“If theres anything we can do to make your stay more pleasant,just boasting about it all over the internet.”It is a humorous satire on the popular view that online consumers have considerable _11_. A few strong words on an online review site can make a business change
28、 its operation mode or go bankrupt.And, in fact, online review sites have vastly changed the way people make consumer_12_.Review sites such as Yelp, Amazon and TripAdvisor offer a wide range of opinions. By combining the m together, consumers can know more about the real quality and _13_of a product
29、 or service.When review sites started appearing, they _14_ opportunities to both businesses and shoppers. A review site allowed small businesses to _15_with millions of individuals. One study found that a one-star _16_ in Yelp ratings led to a five to nine percent increase in revenue.For consumers,
30、too, the review sites offered new opportunities. As more shopping has _17_ online from brick-and-mortar stores, consumers have become more _18_on the feedback of other customers to make their purchasing decisions. And there are review sites for nearly everything these days from travel accommodations
31、 to bargain shopping.But at the same time, the drawbacks are becoming exposed. For one thing, the reviews can turn a simple purchase into a research project. Buying something as basic as a water bottle online now involves _19_ a dozen brands.Only a small percentage of customers actually _20_product
32、reviews online. In a 2014 study, MITs researchers found that one in every 15 reviews of an item is in fact written by people who havent purchased it. The problem is that the other 985 customers rely on the reviews written by every one of these 15 people.【答案】11. E 12. B 13. C 14. H 15. K 16. A 17. F
33、18. G 19. I 20. J【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线评论网站已经极大地改变了人们做出消费决定的方式。评论网站承诺给企业和消费者提供机会，允许小企业与数百万个人建立联系，也给消费者提供了新的机会。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：这是对网络消费者拥有相当大力量这一流行观点的幽默讽刺。空处作宾语，表示“力量”应用名词power，为不可数名词。故填power。故选E。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：事实上，在线评论网站已经极大地改变了人们做出消费决定的方式。空处作宾语，表示“决定”应用名词decision，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填decisions。故
34、选B。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：通过将两者结合在一起，消费者可以更多地了解产品或服务的真正质量和价值。空处作宾语，表示“价值”应用名词worth。故填worth。故选C。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：当评论网站开始出现时，它们承诺给企业和消费者提供机会。根据后文“opportunities to both businesses and shoppers”可知，空处作谓语，表示“承诺”应用动词promise，根据上文“When review sites started appearing”可知为一般过去时。故填promised。故选H。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：一个评论网站允许小企业与数
35、百万个人建立联系。根据后文“with millions of individuals”结合句意表示“与联系”可知短语为connect with。故填connect。故选K。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：一项研究发现，Yelp评分的一星上升会带来5%到9%的收入增长。空处作主语，表示“上升”应用名词rise，冠词a提示用单数。故填rise。故选A。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：随着越来越多的购物从实体店转向网上，消费者在做出购买决定时越来越依赖其他顾客的反馈。根据后文“online from brick-and-mortar stores”以及句意“转向”可知应用动词shift，结合上文has可
36、知为现在完成时。故填shifted。故选F。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：随着越来越多的购物从实体店转向网上，消费者在做出购买决定时越来越依赖其他顾客的反馈。空处作表语，表示“依赖”应用形容词reliant。故填reliant。故选G。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，在网上购买像水瓶这样的基本商品需要调查十几个品牌。结合语境表示“涉及做某事”可知短语为involve doing sth.。故填surveying。故选I。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：只有一小部分顾客会在网上发布产品评论。结合后文以及句意“发布”可知应用动词post，作谓语，此处为一般现在时，主语为Only a sm
37、all percentage of customers，谓语动词用原形。故填post。故选J。III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It did take me quite a while to start noticin
38、g Dr. Yuval Noah Hararis well-received book: Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (人类简史). I bought the book after I heard Dou Wentao (a renowned TV hose) mention it on his podcast, and to be frank, I read the first chapter with little _21_. But it turned out to be the best book I read in 2017.While
39、 I was immediately _22_ the book kept evolving as I read it. The book began with a brief introduction of the lives and activities of the earliest proto-humans (原始人)-Neanderthals (尼安德特人), Homoerectus (直立人) and early Homo Sapiens (智人)-and then _23_ an examination of why it was the Homo sapiens, after
40、hundreds of thousands of years of surviving but pretty much existing in the middle of the food chain, _24_ rocketed to the top of it without any significant genetic changes, conquered multiple climates, and eventually domesticated the world around them from farm animals to crops. And Harari includes
41、 an interesting but fairly _25_ argument about the true nature of our relationship to our most necessary crop-wheat.Think for a moment about the _26_ Revolution from the viewpoint of wheat. Ten thousand years ago wheat was just a wild grass, one of many, confined to a small range in the Middle East.
42、 All of a sudden, within just a few short millennia, it was growing everywhere.So how did this grass turn from insignificant to ubiquitous (到处存在的)? Wheat did it by manipulating (操纵) Homo sapiens to its advantage. This ape had been living a fairly comfortable life _27_ and gathering until about 10,00
43、0 years ago, but then began to _28_ more and more effort in cultivating wheat. Then, humans in many parts of the world were doing little from dawn to dusk _29_ taking care of wheat plants.However, the body of Homo sapiens had not evolved for cultivating wheat. Therefore human spines, knees, necks an
44、d arches paid the price. Moreover, the new agricultural tasks demanded so much time that people were forced to settle _30_ next to their wheat fields. This completely changed their way of life. We did not _31_ wheat. Its the other way around. One of the most important and sustained ideas running thr
45、ough the book is that what ultimately _32_ Homo sapiens from all other creatures-other mammals, other apes, and even other “humans” like Neanderthals-was not our opposable thumbs or some other _33_ standards, but instead it was our ability to generate (生成), believe in and act upon what Yuval Noah Na
46、rari calls “myths” or “_34_” (essentially ideas and cultural institutions), particularly on a large scale and collective basis, which eventually transformed us from creatures that lived in small, loosely-organized groups (the typical feature of most apes) to our modern status.Sapiens: A Brief Histor
47、y of Humankind is a fascinating ambitious and difficult-to-summarize book that is also just highly _35_. So as senior high school students, you wont experience too much difficulty following the authors train of thoughts. And I strongly recommend you to indulge (纵情于) yourself in this well-written boo
48、k.Inspired by Yuval Noah Hararis mind-blowing book:Sapiens: A brief history of Humankind21. A. attentionB. evaluationC. illustrationD. expectation22. A. fascinatedB. confusedC. distractedD. uninterested23. A. turned toB. gave awayC. prepared forD. went after24. A. naturallyB. randomlyC. suddenlyD. h
49、ardly25. A. annoyingB. touchingC. embarrassingD. depressing26. A. IndustrialB. AgriculturalC. CulturalD. Political27. A. plantingB. huntingC. tradingD. wondering28. A. spareB. resistC. investD. demand29. A. regardless ofB. contrary toC. together withD. other than30. A. permanentlyB. delightfullyC. t
50、emporarilyD. instantly31. A. consumeB. growC. domesticateD. harvest32. A. distinguishedB. disqualifiedC. discouragedD. dissatisfied33. A. intellectualB. physicalC. psychologicalD. moral34. A. poemsB. reportsC. documentsD. fictions35. A. complexB. overratedC. readableD. appreciated【答案】21. D 22. A 23.
51、 A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了智人：人类简史这本书的主要内容并推荐大家阅读。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：坦率地说，我读第一章的时候，我没抱太大的期望。A. attention注意力；B. evaluation估价；C. illustration图解；D. expectation期待、期望。根据空后的“But it turned out to be the best book I read in 2017.”可知，但结果它是2
52、017年我读过的最好的一本书，转折连词But表明这个结果与我以前的想法相反，说明刚开始读的时候我对这本书没报太大的期望（没想到它会是一本好书），故D项正确。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很快就被吸引住了，但这本书在我读的过程中不断发展（越来越精彩）。A. fascinated着迷的、被深深吸引的；B. confused迷惑的；C. distracted分心的；D. uninterested不感兴趣的。根据上文中的But it turned out to be the best book I read in 2017.”可知，它是2017年我读过的最好的一本书，因此我很快就被它吸
53、引了，故A项正确。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这本书首先简要介绍了最早的原始人类尼安德特人、直立人和早期智人的生活和活动，然后转向对为什么智人能够攀升到食物顶端并驯养了周围的世界这一问题的研究在经历了几十万年的生存之后，智人基本上处于食物链的中间，在没有任何显著的基因变化的情况下，却突然飞升到顶端，征服了多种气候，并最终驯养了它们周围的世界，从家畜到农作物。A. turned to转向；B. gave away泄露；C. prepared for为准备；D. went after追求。根据空前的“The book began with a brief introduction of
54、the lives and activities of the earliest proto-humans (原始人)-Neanderthals (尼安德特人), Homoerectus (直立人) and early Homo Sapiens”可知，这本书首先简要介绍了最早的原始人类尼安德特人、直立人和早期智人的生活和活动，再结合空后的“n examination of why it was the Homo sapiens”可知，介绍完这些后，这本书开始转向对为什么智人能够攀升到食物顶端并驯养了周围的世界这一问题的研究，故A项正确。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. natur
55、ally自然地；B. randomly随便地；C. suddenly突然；D. hardly几乎不。根据空后的“without any significant genetic changes”可知，这种变化是在没有任何显著的基因变化的情况下发生的，因此是突然的，故C项正确。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈拉里还提出了一个有趣但相当令人沮丧的论点，即我们与最需要的作物小麦之间关系的本质。A. annoying恼人的；B. touching动人的；C. embarrassing令人为难的；D. depressing令人沮丧的。根据空前的“interesting but”可知与“有趣的”相
56、对的自然是“令人沮丧的”，故D项正确。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们从小麦的角度来思考一下农业革命。A. Industrial工业的；B. Agricultural农业的；C. Cultural文化的；D. Political政治的。根据空后的“from the viewpoint of wheat”可知，小麦属于农作物，因此此处指“农业革命”，故B项正确。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种类人猿在大约一万年前就开始过着相当舒适的狩猎和采集生活，但后来开始投入越来越多的精力来种植小麦。A. planting种植；B. hunting狩猎；C. trading交易；D.
57、wondering想知道。根据下文中的“but then began to _8_ more and more effort in cultivating wheat.”可知此处讲的是智人在种植小麦以前的活动，再结合空后的“gathering”可知此处指“狩猎和采集”，故B项正确。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. spare分让；B. resist抵抗；C. invest投资；D. demand要求。根据空后的“more and more effort in cultivating wheat”可知，后来它们开始投入越来越多的精力来种植小麦，故C项正确。【29题详解】考查介词短语
58、辨析。句意：那时，世界上许多地方的人类除了照料小麦以外，从早到晚几乎什么也不做。A. regardless of不管；B. contrary to与相反；C. together with连同；D. other than除了。根据空前的“doing little from dawn to dusk”及空后的“taking care of wheat plants”可知此处指“除了照料小麦以外，从早到晚几乎什么也不做”，故D项正确。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，新的农业任务需要如此多的时间，人们被迫永久定居在他们的麦田附近。A. permanently永久地；B. delightfu
59、lly快乐地；C. temporarily临时地；D. instantly立即地。根据空前的“the new agricultural tasks demanded so much time”可知，新的农业任务需要大量的时间，因此人们被迫永久定居在麦田附近，故A项正确。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有驯养小麦。A. consume挥霍；B. grow种植；C. domesticate驯养；D. harvest收获。根据空后的“Its the other way around.”可知，这种生活方式和人类以前的生活方式正好相反，这说明人类以前没有驯养小麦，上文中的“domestica
60、ted the world around them from farm animals to crops”也是提示，故C项正确。【32题详解】1考查动词词义辨析。句意：贯穿全书的一个最重要和最持久的观点是，最终将智人与所有其他生物其他哺乳动物、其他类人猿，甚至像尼安德特人这样的其他“人类”区别开来的，不是我们的对生拇指或其他一些身体标准，而是我们创造、信仰和行动的能力，哈拉里称之为“神话”或“小说”（基本上是思想和文化体系）。A. distinguished区别、区分；B. disqualified取消资格；C. discouraged使灰心；D. dissatisfied使不满意。根据空后的
61、“Homo sapiens from all other creatures”可知此处指“将智人与所有其他生物区别开来”，故A项正确。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. intellectual智力的；B. physical 身体上的；C. psychological心理的； D. moral道德的。根据空前的“opposable thumbs”可知，对生拇指属于身体特征，因此此处指“身体标准”，故B项正确。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. poems诗；B. reports报告；C. documents文档；D. fictions小说。根据空前的“myths”可知
62、此处指“小说”，故D项正确。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：智人：人类简史是一本引人入胜、难以概括的书，可读性很强。A. complex复杂的；B. overrated高估的；C. readable读起来津津有味的、可读的；D. appreciated受欢迎的。根据空前的“Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind is a fascinating ambitious and difficult-to-summarize book”可知，智人：人类简史是一本引人入胜、难以概括的书，可读性很强，故C项正确。【点睛】本篇第1空A项attention的干扰性较
63、大，有些同学会认为我刚开始并没有集中精力读这本书而误选此项，但根据空后的“But it turned out to be the best book I read in 2017.”可知，但结果它是2017年我读过的最好的一本书，转折连词But表明这个结果与我以前的想法相反，说明刚开始读的时候我对这本书没报太大的期望，言外之意，我没想到它会是一本好书，即：坦率地说，我读第一章的时候，我没抱太大的期望，故D项（expectation）正确。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followe
64、d by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When I was a puppy, I entertained you and made you laugh. You called me your child, and d
65、espite a number of chewed shoes and a couple of murdered pillows, I became your best friend. Whenever I was “bad”, youd shake your finger at me and ask “How could you?”but then you rolled me over for a belly (腹部) rub.I remember those nights of rubbing you in bed and listening to your secret dreams,
66、and I believed that life could not be any more perfect.Gradually, you began spending more time at work and on your career, and more time searching for a human mate. She, now your wife, is not a “dog person”still I welcomed her into our home, tried to show her affection, and obeyed her. I was happy b
67、ecause you were happy.Then the human babies came along and I shared your excitement. I was fascinated by the pinkness, how they smelled, and I wanted to mother them, too. Only she and you worried that I might hurt them, and I spent most of my time in another room.There had been a time, when others a
68、sked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subject. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”.Now, you have a new career opportunity in another city, and you and they
69、 will be moving to another apartment that does not allow pets. Youve made the right decision for your “family”, but there was a time when I was your only family.People in the animal shelter are attentive to me, but I lost my appetite. At first whenever anyone passed, I rushed to the front, hoping it
70、 was youthat this was all a bad dream or I hoped it would at least be someone who cared, anyone who might save me.36. How did the dogs owner treat the puppy when it was at a younger age?A. He entertained the puppy with jokes and gestures.B. He treated the puppy as if it were a family member.C. He di
71、sciplined the puppy when it made a mess.D. He kept the puppy at a distance for the chewed shoes.37. Why was the puppy excluded from the room after the babies were born?A. The puppy was tempted by the babies pinkness and sweet smell.B. The puppy poses a serious danger to the health and well-being of
72、babies.C. The couple were concerned that the babies would be in danger.D. The master envied the natural affection between the babies and the puppy.38. What can we infer from the last 3 paragraphs?A. It was hard for the puppy to accept the fact that it was ignored.B. The master had a mixed feeling fo
73、r the advancement in career.C. The puppy felt relieved for the masters establishment of a new family.D. It was urgent for the master to give up the puppy and move to another city.39. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?A. A Good Heart to Lean onB. New Member of the FamilyC
74、. The Words of an Abandoned DogD. Animal Shelter: the Last Home for Puppies【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一只忠诚但被遗弃的狗在讲述自己从小到大和主人在一起的点点滴滴的故事，主人对小狗疼爱有加，工作之余陪着小狗一起进行室内训练，带着小狗一起去公园散步，骑车，吃冰激凌,慢慢地主人的工作越来越忙，小狗见证了主人娶妻生子的整个历程，分享主人的幸福和喜悦如今，主人要去另外一个城市从事新的工作，他们要搬到一个不允许带宠物的公寓里去，小狗表现了对主人依依不舍的感情。【36题详解
75、】推理判断题。由第一段“When I was a puppy, I entertained you and made you laugh. You called me your child, and despite a number of chewed shoes and a couple of murdered pillows, I became your best friend. Whenever I was “bad”, youd shake your finger at me and ask “How could you?”but then you rolled me over for
76、 a belly (腹部) rub”可知，当我还是一只小狗的时候，我的顽皮滑稽每每惹来你发笑，为你带来欢乐。你把我叫做你的孩子，虽然家里许多鞋子和一些靠枕都被我咬得残缺不全，我依然是你最好的朋友。无论什么时候我干了“坏”事，你总会对我摇摇手指说：“你怎么可以这样呢？”不过最后你都会原谅我，把我扑倒然后搓我的肚皮。所以通过小狗的回忆可以看出，小狗的主人在小狗年幼时把小狗当家人一样对待。故B选项正确。【37题详解】细节理解题。由第四段“Only she and you worried that I might hurt them, and I spent most of my time in an
77、other room.”可知，小狗的主人夫妇害怕他弄伤婴儿，所以整天把小狗关在另一间房间里。所以是因为这对夫妇担心孩子会有危险。故C选项正确。【38题详解】推理判断题。由第三段“There had been a time, when others asked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subje
78、ct. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”.”可知，曾几何时，人们问起你家里有没有宠物时，你总是毫不迟疑地从包里掏出我的照片，向他们娓娓道出我的轶事。可是，近几年有人问起同一个问题，你却只是冷冷地回答“是”，随即就转向别的话题。我已经从“你的狗儿”变成只是“一条狗”了。所以通过小狗主人态度的对比，我们能从倒数三段中推断出小狗很难接受自己被忽视的事实。故A选项正确。【39题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，一只忠诚但被遗弃的狗在讲述自己从小到大和主人在一起的点点滴滴的故事，主人对小狗疼爱有加，工作之余陪着小狗一起进行室内训练，带着小狗一
79、起去公园散步，骑车，吃冰激凌，慢慢地主人的工作越来越忙，小狗见证了主人娶妻生子的整个历程，分享主人的幸福和喜悦如今，主人要得另外一个城市从事新的工作，他们要搬到一个不允许带宠物的公寓里去，小狗表现了对主人依依不舍的感情。所以短文都是围绕着“一只被遗弃的狗说的话”而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“一只被遗弃的狗说的话”。故C选项正确。【点睛】通过对事物的对比或者比较是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法，通过对事物的对比，能够判断出事物的不同点，差距等，意在突出对方的优点或者缺点，或者判断出作者的态度，或者反映出一定的事实。由第三段“There had been a time, when others as
80、ked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subject. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”.”可知，曾几何时，人们问起你家里有没有宠物时，你总是毫不迟疑地从包里掏出我的照片，向他们娓娓道出我的轶事。可是，近几年有人问起同一个问题，你却只是
81、冷冷地回答“是”，随即就转向别的话题。我已经从“你的狗儿”变成只是“一条狗”了。所以通过小狗主人态度的对比，我们能从倒数三段中推断出小狗很难接受自己被忽视的事实。故小题3的正确选项为A选项。(B)Public Notice of Sleep No More Shanghai1. What protective measures at Sleep No More have been put in place? The show area will be cleaned with disinfectant three times a day, including before and after
82、each performance. The number or audiences for each performance will not exceed 75% or maximum capacity. All audience and staff members are required to wear face masks in the show area. To leave sufficient time for disinfection, the start time for matinee (日场) performance on weekends has been adjuste
83、d to 14:00.2 What do I need to prepare before the show? Are there any adjustments to the show? Please apply for the Shanghai Health Code and check that its green in advance. Before entry, the body temperature of all audience members must be taken. Audience members will not be admitted under any of t
84、he following circumstances: dont wear your face mask; your Shanghai Health Code is invalid or not in a green status; your body temperature is above 37.3; any other symptom of COVID-19 is observed. The McKinnon Hotels customized will be on sale for audience.3. Is the Sleep No More company monitoring
85、the health status of its performers as well as staff members?All Chinese and international performers as well as staff members of Sleep No More have been quarantined for 14 days with no symptoms. Body temperatures are taken and recorded daily. Any member of the company will be put in self-quarantine
86、 if they report any symptoms and sent to hospital if necessary.4. After booking online, can I collect my paper ticket beforehand? To minimize risk, it is now possible to collect paper tickets before the date of show at the box office. Please collect your tickets at the Sleep No More box office up to
87、 two weeks in advance. Audience members will be admitted via their paper tickets. Kind reminder: please keep your papers ticket safe as it will not be replaced if lost. The box office will be open from 10:30 to 17:00 seven days a week.5. After booking, can I get a refund for my ticket or exchange it
88、 for another date?If the booked performance is cancelled due to force majeure, ticket refunds or exchanges will be available.Otherwise, ticket exchange is only available under any of the following circumstances: The audience member cannot come to show due to COVID-19. The audience members body tempe
89、rature is above 37.3 and cannot be admitted to Sleep No More.40. Which of the following is not included in protective measures?A. The show area must be thoroughly disinfected.B. The audience number is limited.C. All the audience must wear face masks.D. Public restrooms are forbidden.41. According to
90、 the passage, which of the following is true?A Audience can enter the show area at noon on weekends.B. Audience can exchange e-tickets for paper tickets up to 14 days in advance.C. If audience hold the Shanghai Health Code, they dont need to take body temperature.D. International performers have bee
91、n quarantined for 14 days before entering China.42. Which of the following situation allows audience to keep the ticket valid?A Audience meet with force majeure.B. Audience lose the paper tickets.C. Audience are infected with COVID-19 after booking the tickets.D. Audience have close contact with per
92、formers of the show.【答案】40. D 41. B 42. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是上海Sleep No More演出的观众入场须知。【40题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一部分“The show area will be cleaned with disinfectant three times a day, including before and after each performance. The number or audiences for each performance will not exceed 75% or maximum capa
93、city. All audience and staff members are required to wear face masks in the show area. (表演区域每天用消毒剂清洗三次，包括每次表演前后。每次演出的人数或观众人数不得超过75%或最大容量。所有观众和工作人员在展区必须戴口罩)”可知，展区必须彻底消毒，观众人数有限，以及所有的观众都必须戴口罩都属于防护措施，可推知，禁止使用公共厕所不属于防护措施。故选D项。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四部分“Please collect your tickets at the Sleep No More box offi
94、ce up to two weeks in advance. Audience members will be admitted via their paper tickets. (请提前两周到Sleep No More票房取票。观众将通过纸质门票入场)”可推知，观众最多可提前14天将电子门票兑换成纸质门票。故选B项。【42题详解】细节理解题。通过文章最后一部分“Otherwise, ticket exchange is only available under any of the following circumstances: The audience member cannot com
95、e to show due to COVID-19. (否则，只有在下列任何情况下，才可换票：观众因COVID-19无法前来观看演出)”可知，在观众在订票后感染了COVID-19的情况下，允许观众保留门票有效。故选C项。(C)Artificial intelligence has passed a classic theory of mind test used with chimpanzees.The test examines the ability to perceive the world from the point of view of another individual and
96、 so AIs with this skill could be better at cooperating and communicating with humans and each other.To create their AI,Raul Vicente at the University of Tartu in Estonia and his colleagues were inspired by an animal study that looked at the feeding habits of dominant and subordinate chimpanzees.Chim
97、panzees have these hierarchical(等级制的)structures in their society and,in principle,the dominant one almost always gets the food,says Vicente.The chimp study showed that the subordinate(下属的)animal would only go for food that it knew the dominant animal couldnt see,suggesting an ability to place itself
98、 in anothers position.To replicate this set-up,Vicente and his colleagues created a virtual 11-by-11 Grid in which they placed two AIs - one dominant and one subordinate and a single piece of food in different orientations and locations.The subordinate AI was able to move within the grid,and was giv
99、en points if it ate food that the dominant agent couldnt see, but lost points if it ate food in the dominant agents sight. It learned via trial and error, in a process called reinforcement learning, whether or not to move towards the food.A key difference between apes and the AI is that the AI requi
100、red several thousand trials before it learned the task,while chimpanzees understood it intuitively.Being able to understand the perspective of other individuals enables communication, cooperation and competition, says Vicente.It is absolutely essential for survival for any social species.”AIs with t
101、heory of mind are key to building machines that can understand the world around them. In recent years,the skill has been developed in a robot whose memories are modelled on human brains and in DeepMinds ToM-net,which understands that others can have false beliefs.The ultimate goal of this kind of re
102、search is for machines to become better at communicating with people,but it will be a long time before AIs develop theory of mind at a level comparable to humans,says Vicente.“It will be fun and effective to interact with these agents when they are able to put themselves in our perspective,”says Vic
103、ente,because AIs with theory of mind would be able to communicate things that we dont know or cant see.But Joanna Bryson at the University of Bath in the UK says that AIs that develop the ability to see from other perspectives wont necessarily lead to machines that are more like humans, as there are
104、 other aspects of theory of mind that arent yet well-captured in virtual tests.43. Which of the following statements about the chimp study is true?A. The subordinate chimp failed to get the food due to their poor eyesight.B. The inequality among chimps deserves our careful considerationC. AIs can le
105、arn a lot from chimps so that they can become more user-friendly.D. The chimp study offers a clue to developing Als capacity to follow social patterns.44. The word replicate(Paragraph 3)is closest in meaning to“_”.A. copyB. publishC. discoverD. review45. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The
106、subordinate AI could identify whether to eat the food from the very beginningB. Creating AIs with a thinking pattern similar to that of humans is not a walk in the park.C. It wont be long before we can develop AIs that can recognize others false beliefs.D. AIs cant match humans in theory of mind mai
107、nly because they have poor memories46. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. AI can communicate well with humans as apes do.B. There is a long way to go before AI thinks like humans.C. AI learns how to imagine itself in anothers shoes.D. Chimpanzees are able to think from others perspectives.【答
108、案】43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人工智能学习如何站在别人的角度想象自己。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Artificial intelligence has passed a classic theory of mind test used with chimpanzees.”（人工智能已经通过了一项用于黑猩猩的经典思维理论测试）根据第二段“To create their AI,Raul Vicente at the University of Tartu in Estonia and his colleagues were
109、inspired by an animal study that looked at the feeding habits of dominant and subordinate chimpanzees.”（为了创建他们的人工智能，爱沙尼亚塔尔图大学的Raul Vicente和他的同事们受到了一项动物研究的启发，他们研究了占主导地为的黑猩猩和占从属地位的黑猩猩的食性）根据第四段“To replicate this set-up,Vicente and his colleagues created a virtual 11-by-11 Grid in which they placed two
110、AIs - one dominant and one subordinate and a single piece of food in different orientations and locations.The subordinate AI was able to move within the grid,and was given points if it ate food that the dominant agent couldnt see, but lost points if it ate food in the dominant agents sight. It learn
111、ed via trial and error, in a process called reinforcement learning, whether or not to move towards the food.” （为了复制这一设置，Vicente和他的同事们创建了一个虚拟的11乘11网格，在其中他们将两个AI（一个主AI和一个从AI）和一块食物放置在不同的方向和位置，从属AI能够在网格内移动，如果它吃了主AI看不见的食物，就会得到分数，但是如果它吃了主AI看的见的食物，就会失去分数。它通过反复试验，在一个叫做强化学习的过程中，学会了是否向食物靠近）由此可知，对黑猩猩的研究为发展AI的社
112、会模式能力提供了线索。故选D项。【44题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Vicente and his colleagues created a virtual 11-by-11 Grid in which they placed two AIs - one dominant and one subordinate and a single piece of food in different orientations and locations.” (Vicente和他的同事们创建了一个虚拟的11乘11网格，在其中他们将两个AI-一个主AI和一个从AI-和一块食物放置在不同的方向和位置。)由此
113、可知，AI的设置模式是模仿了占主导地为的黑猩猩和占从属地位的黑猩猩的模式。所以划线词的意思是“复制，模仿”的意思。故选A项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The ultimate goal of this kind of research is for machines to become better at communicating with people,but it will be a long time before AIs develop theory of mind at a level comparable to humans,says Vicente.”(维森特说
114、，这类研究的最终目标是让机器更好地与人沟通，但人工智能要发展出与人类相当的心智理论还需要很长时间。)由此判断出，创造一个思维模式与人类相似的人工智能并不是轻而易举的事。故选B项。【46题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“The test examines the ability to perceive the world from the point of view of another individual and so AIs with this skill could be better at cooperating and communicating with humans and eac
115、h other.”(这项测试检验的是从另一个人的角度看世界的能力，因此具有这项技能的人工智能能够更好地与人类和其他人合作和交流。)以及下文的具体解释可知，短文主要在讲人工智能学习如何站在别人的角度想象自己。故选C项。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there two more sentences than you nee
116、d.English is changing, INNT (isnt it)?Millions of people around the world are learning English but how many of them realise that the English they are learning is constantly changing? New words are entering the language, existing words are developing new meanings and other words are tailing out of us
117、e._47_So what drives these changes and should we try to stop them?Not surprisingly, technology is responsible for a lot of new words. Twenty years ago, no one knew what a “blog” was but when people began writing web logs online, the phrase was quickly shortened to “blog” and the writer was called a
118、“blogger”. And nowadays, internet users are constantly warned about the dangers of “phishing”, where criminals try to get your credit card and bank details by sending dishonest mails._48_Criminals use emails to catch victims just like fishermen use worms to catch fish.The arrival of texting on mobil
119、e phones created a quick and easy way to stay in touch with friends. It also created the need for a very short form of English a text message is only 160 characters long. Instead of writing “see you later”, teenagers started to write “c u 18 r” and when they found something funny, they wrote “lol”.
120、instead of “laugh out loud”. At the moment it is still wrong to use this language in essays, job applications and so on._49_It will change soon, I think, lol!Globalisation has been an effective way of spreading English around the world. But now many people believe that non-native speakers of English
121、 are creating their own form of the language, which has been named Globish. With its limited vocabulary and simple sentences, this form of English enables a Spanish businessman to communicate easily with a Chinese student, for example._50_Perhaps it already is! So if we could travel into the future,
122、 would we find people all over the world speaking a common language? Probably not but at least communication might be simpler one day innit?A. Its quicker and easier than using the right question tag.B. But how long will it be before text speak is standard English?C. The word is a variation on “fish
123、ing”.D. Even the grammar of English is changing slowly.E. Some people believe Globish will be Lie most commonly spoken language in the world one day.F. Some people are taking a stand against teen text speak and slang.【答案】47. D 48. C 49. B 50. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述随着历史的变迁，英语语言的运用也随之改变。【47题详解】上文“New
124、 words are entering the language, existing words are developing new meanings and other words are tailing out of use.（新词不断地进入英语，现有的词不断地产生新的含义，而其他的词则逐渐被淘汰。）”具体讲述了英语的变化，D项“Even the grammar of English is changing slowly.（甚至英语的语法也在慢慢改变。）”继续说明英语的变化，衔接上文。故选D项。【48题详解】上文“And nowadays, internet users are cons
125、tantly warned about the dangers of “phishing”, where criminals try to get your credit card and bank details by sending dishonest mails.（如今，互联网用户不断被警告“网络钓鱼”的危险，罪犯试图通过发送不诚实的邮件获取你的信用卡和银行信息。）”和下文“Criminals use emails to catch victims just like fishermen use worms to catch fish.（罪犯用电子邮件来抓受害者，就像渔民用蠕虫抓鱼一样。
126、）”是对“phishing”的解释，C项“The word is a variation on “fishing”.（这个词是fishing(钓鱼)的变体。）”说明phishing的由来，承上启下。故选C项。【49题详解】上文“At the moment it is still wrong to use this language in essays, job applications and so on.（目前，在论文、求职申请等中使用这种语言仍然是错误的。）”说明这种语言还没有作为标准语言使用。下文“It will change soon, I think, lol!（很快就会改变的，我想
127、，哈哈!）”是对某一问题的回答。B项“But how long will it be before text speak is standard English?（但是，还有多久短信会话才会成为标准英语呢?）”和下文的回答相衔接。故选B项。【50题详解】上文“With its limited vocabulary and simple sentences, this form of English enables a Spanish businessman to communicate easily with a Chinese student, for example.（例如，由于词汇量有限
128、，句子简单，这种形式的英语使西班牙商人能够轻松地与中国学生交流。）”说明全球语在非英语母语者中使用的原因。下文“Perhaps it already is!（或许它已经是了！）”是对某一种观点的肯定。E项“Some people believe Globish will be Lie most commonly spoken language in the world one day.（有些人认为全球语有一天会成为世界上最常用的语言。）”说明有人认为全球语有很好的发展前景，承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。IV.Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the fol
129、lowing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Where are the bees?Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate large areas of crops, such as straw berries, a
130、pples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate.In 2006, bee keepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD).The main sign of CCD is the loss of adult honey bees
131、from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.There were many theories for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeeper get most of their
132、income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusu
133、al for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what they usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.The exact reason for the disappearanc
134、e of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very costly to the economy. The bee pollination services are worth over $8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done by hand, which would have effects on the quality of food and increased food priced. We hear a lot about big environmenta
135、l disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest may just be the less of that tiny flying insect._【答案】Bees not only provide us with honey, but also help pollinate crops. However, they are disappearing at an alarming rate for unknow reason, which will be disastrous to us and economy. Some people
136、think it is the pesticide while others think it is due to transport.【解析】【分析】本文属于环保文章，介绍蜜蜂正以惊人的速度消失，这可能和运输、农作物使用杀虫剂以及环境有关，但是没人知道确切原因。要求考生阅读完总结论点，不能超过60个词。【详解】第一步，归纳各个段落的段落大意，第一段讲述蜜蜂对我们很重要，但是却以惊人的速度消失，第二段讲述蜜蜂出现这种状况的情形，第三段讲述可能造成此现象的原因；第四段讲述这种现象对我们和经济的影响。第二步，可以择出重要的信息，蜜蜂对我们很重要，但是却以惊人的速度消失，可能造成此现象的原因，以及影
137、响。第三步，得出答案，注意过渡与衔接，字数控制在60字以内。【点睛】概要写作做题技巧。概要写作不是对段落大意的简单堆积，需要学生读懂文章的大概意思和文章结构，还需要一定写作替换技巧，且注意语言的简洁性。第一步，确定文章的话题和各段的段落大意，比如本文话题为蜜蜂的消失，第一段讲述蜜蜂对我们很重要，但是却以惊人的速度消失，第二段讲述蜜蜂出现这种状况的情形，第三段讲述可能造成此现象的原因；第四段讲述这种现象对我们和经济的影响；第二步，分析各个段落的逻辑关系，确定主观点和次要观点；第三步，注意一定的写作技巧，比如同义词、近义词的替换，句型和结构的转换；第四步，检查单词拼写，语法规则，字数问题等。V.T
138、ranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 据说，袁隆平大学一毕业就投身于农业教学与研究。(upon) (汉译英）【答案】It is said that upon graduating, Yuan Longping devoted himself to agricultural education and research.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主语从句、介词、短语、动词和名词。表示“据说”应用it作形式主语，
139、使用It is said that句型；表示“致力于”短语为devote to；表示“农业教学与研究”为agricultural education and research；表示“毕业”应用动词graduate，介词upon之后，用动名词作宾语。主句描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；从句描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。故翻译为It is said that upon graduating, Yuan Longping devoted himself to agricultural education and research.【点睛】53. 这位导演完全有理由相信他的这部影片将是一部经得
140、起时间考验的经典之作。(stand) (汉译英）【答案】The director has every reason to believe his film will be a classic one standing the test of time.【解析】【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：这位导演完全有理由相信他的这部影片将是一部经得起时间考验的经典之作。根据句意分析可知，主语导演“the director”，相信“believe”，理由，原因“reason”，“有理由相信”可翻译为“The director has every reason to believe”；经典之作“classic”
141、，经得起时间考验“stand the test of time”；整合句子，believe后跟宾语从句，可翻译为“The director has every reason to believe his film will be a classic one”。stand the test of time分词后置定语修饰a classic one，且主语和stand之间为主动关系，故翻译为standing the test of time；陈述事实，可用一般现在时，故翻译为The director has every reason to believe his film will be a cl
142、assic one standing the test of time。54. 毋庸置疑，正是爱因斯坦的相对论才使得我们对空间、时间和引力有更深入的理解。（it）(汉译英）【答案】Undoubtedly, it is the theories of relativity proposed by Einstein that has led to our deeper understanding of space, time and gravity.【解析】【详解】考查强调句型，时态和短语。分析句子并结合句意可知，句子用强调句型结构it is.that.，时态为一般现在时，undoubtedly“
143、毋庸置疑”副词作状语，修饰整个句子，强调主语the theories of relativity “相对论”，propose by Einstein“被爱因斯坦提出”作后置定语，修饰主语，propose与theories是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，lead to sth.“导致某事”是谓语动词，根据句意，强调现在的结果，用现在完成时，主语是单数，用has led to， our deeper understanding of space, time and gravity“我们对空间、时间和引力有更深入的理解”作宾语，故翻译为Undoubtedly, it is the theories o
144、f relativity proposed by Einstein that has led to our deeper understanding of space, time and gravity.55. 在任何情况下，我们都不要嘲笑别人，因为过往的经历教导我们，嘲笑别人的结果就是自己被嘲笑。（end ）(汉译英)【答案】Under no circumstances should we laugh at others, as past experiences have taught us that laughing at others usually ends up being laug
145、hed at by others.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语、动名词的被动形式、部分倒装、介词短语、现在完成时、一般现在时、宾语从句和原因状语从句。表示“在任何情况下都不”应用介词短语under no circumstances，放在句首句子应用部分倒装。表示“嘲笑”应用动词短语laugh at。表示“因为”应用as引导原因状语从句，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生结果或影响，所以应用现在完成时。表示“经历”应用名词experience。表示“嘲笑别人的结果就是自己被嘲笑”应用宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分和意义，所以用that引导，此处为客观真理，所以应用一般现在时。根据提示，表示“以
146、做某事告终”应用动词短语end up doing，用动名词作宾语，此处表示被动，应用动名词的被动形式。再结合其它句意，故翻译为Under no circumstances should we laugh at others, as past experiences have taught us that laughing at others usually ends up being laughed at by others.。VI.Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words accor
147、ding to the instructions given below in Chinese.最近一本在线杂志发表了一篇文章，文中询问，在公众眼中，什么样的人是适合做年轻人的榜样（role model）。请你写封信给该杂志，推荐一位你认为适合做榜样的名人（celebrity）。你的文章须包括：简单介绍这位名人；为何这位名人适合做年轻人的榜样。_【答案】Dear Sir/Madam.I have read your magazines article asking what kind of person is suitable to be a role model for young peop
148、le. In my opinion, the role model for young people should be a person of our own age, who is not only positive and sunny, but also has made outstanding achievements.In my mind, Wang Yuan, the leader of TFboys is such a person. Since his debut, he has brought us a lot of wonderful songs. His greatest
149、 achievement is that as a representative of Chinese youth, he was invited to attend the ECOSOC Youth Forum 2017 held at the UN headquarters in New York and delivered a speech in English. He is not only the first Chinese artist invited to participate in the UN youth forum, but also the first Chinese
150、youth idol on the UN stage. In view of the reasons above, I think Wang Yuan is a good role model for us. yours truly,Lihua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封书信：最近一本在线杂志发表了一篇文章，文中询问，在公众眼中，什么样的人是适合做年轻人的榜样，请你写封信给该杂志，推荐一位你认为适合做榜样的名人。你的文章须包括：简单介绍这位名人；为何这位名人适合做年轻人的榜样。时态应为一般现在时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关
151、键词（组），如； role model（榜样），celebrity（名人），sunny（阳光的），positive（积极的）， outstanding（杰出的），achievement（成就），debut（出道）及youth idol（青年偶像）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有be suitable to do（适合做），in ones opinion（依某人的观点
152、），get into shape (使身体好起来)，be invited to do（受邀）以及participate in（参加），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“In my opinion, the role model for young people should be a person of our own age, who is not only positive and sunny, but also has made outstanding achievements.”，表语从句“His greatest achievement is that as a representative of Chinese youth, he was invited to attend the ECOSOC Youth Forum 2017 held at the UN headquarters in New York and delivered a speech in English.”，宾语从句和非谓语动词“I have read your magazines article asking what kind of person is suitable to be a role model for young people.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
