1、专题3 第4讲.单句语法填空1(2020北京市东城区高三下学期阶段性检测)Even though many zoos promote (they) as places of education，conservation and research，they are really just a tourist attraction.【答案】themselves【解析】考查代词。句意：即使很多动物园都标榜自身为集教育、保护和研究于一体的地方，但实际上它们只是旅游景点而已。分析句子可知，这里的they作promote的宾语，就是指动物园自己，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。2(2020安徽省
2、合肥市高考第一次模拟)It would certainly make people happier，and thats what lifes all .【答案】about【解析】考查介词。句意：这当然会让人们更快乐，那是生活的意义所在。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填介词，根据句意可知，此处表示“关于；为了”。故填about。3(2020广东省茂名市高三第二次综合测试)Also，they should consider natural cleaning products instead of harmful .【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。句意：此外，他们应该考虑自然清洁产品，而不是有害的。i
3、nstead of “代替，而不是”，在句中起并列作用，所以，其后应该指的是有害的产品。因为products在前面已经出现，此处要用代词来指代。ones常用来指代已提过的复数事物名称。故填ones。4(2020安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟) took artist Guo Feng two months to complete the black-and-white painting named Yongsheng in Chinese，meaning living forever.【答案】It【解析】考查固定句型。句意：艺术家郭峰花了两个月的时间完成了这幅名为永生的黑白画。固定句型：It ta
4、kes sb.some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”。此处it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填It。5(2020山东省新高考质量测评联盟高三5月联考)Indeed，the media is like a pair of eyes watching out us as they report on the worlds most important news.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。句意：实际上，媒体就像一双为我们注视世界的眼睛，因为他们报道着世界上最重要的消息。分析可知，空后为人称代词宾格形式，所填空应是介词，根据句意可知，此处应用介词for“为了”
5、。故填for。 6(2020山西省大同市第一中学高三下学期模拟)She trained hard and willed (her) to move again.At last Kendall walked into the stadium to sing for American Idol.【答案】herself【解析】考查代词。句意：她艰苦训练，用意志力使自己坚持下去。通过分析上下文的意思，并且由主语she可判断，此处用反身代词herself。故填herself。7(2020浙江省杭州市高三下学期教学质量检测)A loyal Liverpool Football Club fan is al
6、ways making sure to cheer on his beloved team whenever they play and thanks a letter from his loving older brother，the team was recently able to return the favor.【答案】to【解析】考查固定短语。句意：一位忠诚的利物浦足球俱乐部球迷总是确保他心爱的球队无论何时上场都能为他们加油，多亏了他亲爱的哥哥的来信，球队最近才得以回报这位支持者。短语thanks to为固定短语，意为“多亏，幸亏”。故填to。8(2020山西太原五中高三4月阶段性
7、检测)In the 1950s，when jetliners were starting to become mainstream，the De Havilland Comet came fashion.【答案】into【解析】考查固定词组。句意：20世纪50年代，当喷气式客机开始成为主流时，the De Havilland Comet开始流行起来。固定词组：come into fashion“流行起来”。故答案为into。9(2020北京四中高三上学期期中考试)We celebrate Teachers Day every September 10th. that day，we will s
8、end best wishes and express our thanks to our dear teachers for their hard work.【答案】On【解析】考查介词。此处考查on表示在具体某天。故填On。10(2020四川省德阳市高三二诊)However，Qi had no regrets or complaints about giving up romantic evenings with his wife or dinners with relatives and friends so that he could devote (he)to community w
9、ork.【答案】himself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：然而，对于放弃与妻子共度浪漫之夜或与亲朋好友共进晚餐，以便投身于社区工作，齐并没有感到遗憾或抱怨。devote oneself to sth.“致力于某事”。故填himself。11(2020福建省厦门市高三一次质检)Han Gan，a leading horse painter of the Tang Dynasty，is known for capturing the physical features of the animal and (it) inner spirit.【答案】its【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他以捕捉
10、马的体貌特征和内在精神而闻名。修饰名词inner spirit用形容词性物主代词。故填its。.单句改错1(2020山西太原五中高三4月阶段性检测)Therefore，I thought of some ways to get rid the bad habit.【答案】rid 后面加of【解析】考查固定词组。句意：因此，我想到了一些方法来摆脱坏习惯。固定词组：get rid of“除掉”。故在rid 后面加of。2(2020安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟)Ill never give up my dream and spare no effort to realize them.【答案】them
11、改成it【解析】考查代词。句意：我永远不会放弃我的梦想，并不遗余力地实现它。此处dream是单数名词，用it替代。故把them改成it。3(2020安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟)But he was kind and served for us a wonderful dinner.【答案】去掉for【解析】考查serve的用法。句意：但他人很好，为我们准备了一顿丰盛的晚餐。serve是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，for是多余的。故去掉for。4(2020安徽省六安市省示范高中高三教学质量检测)With the popularity of cellphones and the Internet，s
12、ome of we students spend too much playing with cellphones or computer games，which is bad for our studies.【答案】we改为us。【解析】考查人称代词。句意：随着手机和互联网的普及，我们一些学生花费太多时间玩手机或者电脑游戏，这很不利于我们的学习。介词of后接人称代词宾格形式us，students是us的同位语，表示us(我们)的身份是学生。故将 we改为us。5(2020河北省衡水中学高三下学期十调)With it，people can do nearly everything we wan
13、t，such as surfing the Internet for information，watching films or videos，doing some online shopping and playing games as well.【答案】we改成they【解析】考查人称代词。句意：人们几乎可以做任何他们想做的事情，比如上网查找信息，看电影或视频，网上购物和玩游戏。此处用they代替people。故把we改成they。6(2020山西省大同市第一中学高三下学期模拟)When I entered into high school，handwriting became a fan
14、tastic way for me to relax.【答案】去掉into【解析】考查介词。enter意思是“进入”，通常表示“进入某一具体的东西或某一组织或某一机构”，是及物动词，不需要介词。故将into去掉。7(2020山西省太原市第五中学高三下学期3月摸底)To my relief，there was something seriously wrong with me.【答案】something改为nothing【解析】考查代词。句意：使我欣慰的是，我不严重。故把something改为nothing。8(2020山西省太原市高三一模)The other is that doctors a
15、re so important that it is almost impossible for it to lose jobs.【答案】第二个it改为them【解析】考查代词。固定句式：It is impossible for sb.to do sth，此处代词指代doctors，应用them。故将it改为them。9(2020安徽六校教育研究会高三第二次素质测试)Every time we get on a plane，were asked to either turn off our phones or change it to flight modeits for “security
16、reasons”【答案】it改为them【解析】考查代词。前面提到“turn off our phones”，phones是复数，应用them指代。故it改为them。10(2020安徽省统一考试调研卷)My classmates and I tried my best and answered every question confidently.【答案】my改为our【解析】考查代词。句意：我和我的同学们尽我们的最大努力，自信地回答每一个问题。此处应用our代指classmates and I。故my改为our。11(2020黑龙江省哈尔滨市高三高考模拟)It is known that
17、as the development of economy，the number of cars is increasingly growing in our daily life.【答案】as改为with【解析】考查语境及介词。句意：众所周知，随着经济的发展，我们日常生活中汽车数量越来越多。分析句子可知， 当as为 “随着”时是连词，后面跟句子；而with意为“随着”时是介词，后面跟名词短语。本句中的“the development of economy”是名词短语。故把 as改成with。12(2020福建省龙岩市高三教学质检)Your friends can tell you your
18、mistake，though what they say is hard for you to listen.【答案】listen后加to【解析】考查介词。句意：你朋友能告诉你你的错误，尽管他们说的话你听不进去。listen是一个不及物动词，若后面要接事物的话，一般会在listen后面加上一个to。这句话中listen的逻辑宾语是what they say，所以应在listen后加to。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)When you say that someone has a good memory，w
19、hat do you mean? Are you saying the person has fast recall or that she or he absorbs information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about the childhood.The 1 (true) is that it is difficult to say exactly what memory is.Scientists believe that a memory is made up of bits
20、and pieces of information 2 (store) all over the brain.Perhaps the best way to describe memory is to say that it is a process 3 recording，storing and retrieving(提取) information.It is this process 4 allows us to keep memories of past events and facts.In order for information to be remembered，it must
21、be recorded in the brain.And 5 (record) something in brain，you have to notice it or register it，using 6 or more of your five sensessight，hearing，touch，taste，and smell.Through practice and repetition the pieces that make up your memory of that information 7 (strengthen)Memory can be 8 (negative) affe
22、cted by a number of things.Poor nutrition and depression can affect the ability to keep information.Over-drinking alcohol can also lead to 9 (damage) the brain over the long term.A vision or hearing impairment(损伤) may affect the ability to notice certain things，thus making 10 harder to record inform
23、ation.【答案】1.truth2.stored3.of4.that5.to record6.one7.are strengthened/will be strengthened8negatively9.damaging10.it【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了记忆的概念、过程及一些影响记忆的消极因素。【解析】1考查名词。定冠词the修饰名词，且此空在句中作主语。因此将形容词true变成名词truth。故填truth。2考查非谓语动词。store和逻辑主语information之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词。故填stored。3考查介词。句意：或许，最好的描述记忆的方式是
24、说它是一个记录、储存和提取信息的过程。短语a process of意为“的过程”。故填of。4考查强调句。强调句句型结构“it is/was被强调的部分that/who其他”，本句被强调的部分指物，因此用that。故填that。5考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在脑中记录一些事，你不得不注意或者记住它，使用一种或一种以上你的五官。此处to do不定式表目的，作状语。故填to record。6考查数词。句意：为了在脑中记录一些事，你不得不注意或者记住它，使用一种或一种以上你的感官。由句意可知，当你记录信息的时候，会用到一种或多种感官。故填one。7考查被动语态和时态。动词strengthen和主语th
25、e pieces of that information之间是被动关系，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数。用一般现在时或一般将来时表陈述事实都可以。句意：那个信息的片段会被加强/将会被加强。故填are strengthened/will be strengthened。8考查副词。副词修饰动词affected，因此将形容词negative变成negatively。故填negatively。9考查动名词。短语lead to意为“导致”，to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。因此将动词damage变成动名词damaging。故填damaging。10考查代词。making真正的宾语是后边的to do 不定式，
26、空处代词it作形式宾语。故填it。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。(2020吉林省长春市高三质检)My twelve birthday was the most unforgettable and special one.On that d
27、ay，I received a life-changing gift from my grandmother.It was the pair of roller skates.I couldnt believe my eye when I opened the box.The shoes were so beautiful.The shoes total changed my life.Because in the past I was scared to talk with others，so I used to have no friends.The moment I learn how
28、to skate，I became confidence and outgoing.I made plenty friends by doing this.Im thankful to my grandmother.Now Im a happy girl and believe in me.I smile when met new people.【答案】My birthday was the most unforgettable and special one.On that day，I received a life-changing gift from my grandmother.It
29、was pair of roller skates.I couldnt believe my when I opened the box.The shoes were so beautiful.The shoes changed my life.Because in the past I was scared to talk with others，so I used to have no friends.The moment I how to skate，I became and outgoing.I made plenty friends by doing this.Im thankful
30、 to my grandmother.Now Im a happy girl and believe in .I smile when new people.【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己十二岁的生日是难忘的、特殊的生日，来自奶奶的生日礼物溜冰鞋改变了她的生活。过去作者害怕和人说话，没有朋友，现在作者交了许多新朋友，成了一个快乐女孩。【解析】1考查序数词。句意：我的十二岁生日是最难忘和特别的一天。此处指我的“第十二”个生日，所以要用序数词。故把twelve改成twelfth。2考查冠词或数词。句意：它是一双旱冰鞋。a/one pair of“一对，一双”。故把the改成a/one。3
31、考查名词复数。句意：当我打开盒子时，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。根据常识可知“eye”用复数形式。故把eye改成eyes。4考查副词。句意：这双鞋彻底改变了我的生活。此处changed是动词，由副词修饰。故把total改成totally。5考查状语从句。句意：因为在过去我害怕和别人说话，我过去没有朋友。此处是because引导的原因状语从句，所以不和表示因果关系的并列连词在同一句中出现。故把so去掉。6考查时间状语从句的时态。句意：当我学会滑冰的那一刻，我变得自信而外向。此处是名词词组the moment“一就”引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般过去时态，所以从句也用一般过去时态。故把learn改成
32、learned/learnt。7考查形容词。句意：当我学会滑冰的那一刻，我变得自信而外向。此处become“变得”是连系动词，后面用形容词作表语，所给词confidence是名词，其形容词是confident。故把confidence改成confident。8考查固定词组。句意：通过做这件事我交了很多朋友。固定词组：plenty of“大量，许多”。故在plenty后加of。9考查反身代词。句意：现在我是一个快乐的女孩，相信自己。此处指“相信自己”，所以用反身代词作宾语。故把me改成myself。10考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：当我遇到新朋友时，我会微笑。此处句子主语I和meet之间是主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语。故把met改成meeting。
