1、Module 6The Internet and Telecommunications(主题语境：人与社会科学与技术)基础知识全面回顾JI CHU ZHI SHI QUAN MIAN HUI GU 单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1crash vi._(计算机)崩溃_2breakdown n._故障_3source n._来源；出处_4document n._文件_核心词汇识记1_contain_vt.包含；包括2_average_adj.平均的3_access_n.接近；通路_accessible_adj.可进入的；可使用的4_defence_n.保护；防卫_defend_vt.保护；防卫5_des
2、ign_vt.设计_designer_n.设计者6_invention_n.发明_invent_vt.发明_inventor_n.发明者7_permission_n.许可_permit_vt.允许 n许可证8_concentrate_vi.集中(注意力、思想等)_concentration_n.专心，专注；注意_concentrated_ adj. 集中的9_independent_adj.独立的_independence_n.独立_depend_v.依靠；依赖10_disadvantage_n.弊端；缺点_advantage_n.优点；长处用所给词的适当形式填空1In the past，ma
3、ny women had no _access_ to college education. College education wasnt _accessible_ to women until the 1920s. (access)2Her father would not _permit_ her to drive alone even though she had got her driving _permit_ . Without her fathers _permission_ ，she had no choice but to go out by bus or on a bike
4、. (permit)3The clothes selling very well are _designed_ by a world-famous _designer_ .(design)4Mr. Smith，an _inventor_ ，has _invented_ many useful things and has made much money from his new _invention_ . (invent)5. In class，the naughty boy has little power of _concentration_;_as a result，he could n
5、ot _concentrate_ on what his teacher says. But when he plays computer games，he cant be more _concentrated_. (concentrate)6Most of us are longing to be _independent_ from our parents，because our _independence_ shows that weve grown up but when meeting with difficulties，well have to _depend_ on our pa
6、rents.(depend) 短语互译速记1由组成_consist of_2也_as well_3提出_come up with_4聚精会神；集中思想_concentrate on_5与相比_compared with/to_6log on/off_登录/注销_7become known as_作为而闻名_8go down_下降_9from that moment on_从那时起_10a series of_一系列的_选用上述短语填空1I have to attend _a series of _meetings which have something to do with my work.
7、2The solution to the problem he _came up with _at the meeting has been supported by most people.3She _became known as _a student singer when she was a middle school student.4This book _consists of _six modules and we will have learnt them by the end of next month.5He failed the final exam last year.
8、 _From that moment on_，he was determined to study hard.6_Compared with/to _those who stand by，I am proud of what I have done for the injured lady in the accident.1“包含”大搜索(1)include vt.包括；含有(2)contain vt.包含；容纳(3)involve vt.包括；包含(4)cover vt.包括；涉及(5)comprise v包括；由组成2“由动词短语转化为名词”万花筒(1)breakdown故障(2)brea
9、kup 破裂(3)breakthrough突破(4)make-up化妆品(5)get-together 聚会；联欢会3“v.-orn.”词汇集萃(1)inventinventor(2)createcreator(3)visitvisitor(4)actactor(5)directdirector4“集中精力于”小结(1)concentrate on(2)focus/fix(ones attention)on(3)be buried in(4)be absorbed in(5)put ones heart into5“with then.of”短语(1)with the help of 在的帮助
10、下(2)with the development of 随着的发展(3)with the increase of 随着的增长(4)with the purpose of 带有的目的6“比较”种种(1)compare.with.把与相比(2)compare.to.把比作(3)compared with/to与相比较(4)in comparison with与相比较(5)contrast with 与形成对照/对比 佳句精析精练1Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet，not just universities a
11、nd the army.贝尔纳斯李使每个人，而不仅仅是大学和军队，使用因特网成为可能。精析本句为make的复合结构，it是形式宾语。2Our English teacher is excellent，but she cant help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.我们的英语老师非常棒，但是她不能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。精析本句中not.everyone表示部分否定。3Im home now. Why not give me a call?我现在在家。为什么不给我打电话呢？精析Why not do sth.？表示“为什么不做某事呢？”，常在口
12、语中用来提出建议、提议等。句式仿写根据上述句式完成句子1精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。Mastering the technology_makes it possible for us to use the Internet_ more effectively.2事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。The truth is that_not everyone_ is attaching great importance to time management.3为什么不来参观中国剪纸艺术展呢？_Why not come and take part in_ the Chine
13、se paper-cutting art exhibition? 单元语法过关合成词和冠词语法填空1He asked all the _passers-by_ (passer-by)，but none replied to him.解析根据空格前面的“all”和后面的“none”可以判断出，他问的“过路的人”不止一个，故应该用其复数形式，所以要用passers-by。2In his opening remarks，President Trump read _a_ letter from a man in Tennessee who was behind him for _the_ good o
14、f the country.解析句意：在开场白中，特朗普总统读了一封来自田纳西州的信，写信人说为了国家的利益支持他。第一空，不定冠词a表示“一”；第二空，for the good of表示“为了的利益”，为固定用法。3Those who have _a_ good knowledge of something dont necessarily teach _the_ knowledge well.解析考查冠词。句意：熟练掌握某种知识的人未必能教好该知识。have a good knowledge of为固定用法，故第一空用不定冠词a；“_ _ knowledge”特指前面提到的某种知识，故第二
15、空用定冠词the。4Have you seen _the_ English film?Yes，I have. But I really want to see it _a_ second time because it is so fantastic.解析考查冠词。由答语中的see it可知第一空是特指的英文电影，故用the；第二空，a second time表示“再一次，又一次”，故用不定冠词a。考点探究素养演练KAO DIAN TAN JIU SU YANG YAN LIAN高频单词1contain vt. 包含；包括激活知识 语法填空(2020江苏高考) The class experi
16、ment that day was to show how heating a _container_ (contain) of water would bring air bubbling to the surface.Be especially careful of information _contained_(contain)in advertisements.I received a letter _containing_(contain) some important information about the project.Hearing the disappointing n
17、ews，he was too sad to contain _himself_(he)归纳拓展contain oneself克制自己；自制container n容器易混辨析 contain通常指某容器中盛或装有某物，还可指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质include通常表示把某事物或某人作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成短语sth./sb.included或including sth./sb.图解助记能力提升 选词填空(include/contain)(2019北京高考)He recommended that she do some research and talk to denti
18、sts about what a healthier candy would _contain_.(2019北京高考)First celebrated in 1970，the Day now _includes_ events in more than 190 countries and regions.2access n接近；通路；使用；进入的权利vt.接近；使用；(电脑)存取激活知识 语法填空(2019北京高考)Depending on which role you choose，you could help to increase a communitys access _to_ saf
19、e drinking water，or help to protect valuable local cultures.(2017全国卷)Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more _accessible_ (access)，and preserve its history and culture.导图助记注意：access to与be accessible to中的to均为介词，后面要跟名词或动名词。能力提升 一句多译“一带一路”的发展帮助中国贸易商得以进入更广阔的市场。The development of t
20、he Belt and Road helps Chinese traders to _have access to_ a broader market.The development of the Belt and Road helps Chinese traders to _be accessible to_ a broader market.3design vt.设计；构思；计划n计划；布局；图样；企图激活知识 语法填空 (2020新全国卷)But in half the cases she wore a specially _designed_ (design) fat suit whi
21、ch increased her weight to 180 pounds.(2019全国卷)For Western _designers_ (design)，China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.The book，designed _for_ young adults，turned out to be popular with the elderly.Whether this happened _by_ design or not we shall never know.Th
22、e organisation is designed _to help_ (help)people who wish to teach abroad.导图助记能力提升 句式升级This program was designed to help jobless people but it didnt work out as planned._This program designed to help jobless people just didnt work out as planned._(过去分词短语作定语)4permission n. 允许；许可激活知识 语法填空(2020江苏高考)Pe
23、ople need _permission_ (permit) to be funny in social settings because theres always a risk that comes with humor.(2017全国卷)The government has already permitted the company _to use_ (use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.We dont permit _smoking_ (smoke) in the office.Weather
24、 _permitting_ (permit)，well go there with you.导图助记能力提升 完成句子Visitors are not _permitted to take_ photographs.参观者请勿拍照。We hope to visit your school，if _time permits_.如果时间允许，我们希望能参观一下你们的学校。5concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)激活知识 语法填空(2017全国卷)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to c
25、oncentrate _on_ her studies.With his attention _concentrated_(concentrate)on his favorite novel，he forgot all about his homework.归纳拓展(1)concentrate on/upon 专注于；专心致志于concentrate ones attention on/upon 专注于；聚精会神于(2)concentration n专心；集中能力提升 句式升级If you concentrate your mind on English，you will master the
26、 language._Concentrate your mind on English，and you will master the language_.(祈使句and陈述句)_Concentrating your mind on English_，you will enable yourself to master the language.(分词短语作状语)6average adj.平均的；平常的n平均；平均数；平均标准，一般水平v平均为；计算出的平均数激活知识 语法填空 (2020江苏高考)On the other hand，they burned slightly more calo
27、ries，_on_ average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.(2019江苏高考)Modern man has a brain _averaging_ (average) 1 2001 400 cm2._An_ average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850.归纳拓展an average of.平均有above/below averag
28、e高于/低于平均水平on average平均地；通常；按平均值with an average of.平均为能力提升 一句多译每天平均有两个学生旷课。_An average of_ two students are absent each day.Two students are absent _on average_ each day.常考短语7consist of 由组成；由构成激活知识 语法填空(2019浙江高考)Rock music _consists_ (consist) of many different styles.(2018天津高考)Most are also equipped
29、 with automatic fire alarm systems _consisting_ (consist)of heat detectors，smoke detectors and sprinklers.归纳拓展(1)consist in在于；存在于consist with.与一致；相等(2)由组成提示：consist of的应用需注意：没有被动语态；没有进行时态。相同特点的还有：belong to(属于)；run out(用完)；break out(爆发)等。能力提升 一句多译由5家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。The company_that/which consis
30、ts of/is made up of 5 small factories_is facing a serious financial crisis.(定语从句)The company _consisting of 5 small factories_is facing a serious financial crisis.(现在分词短语作定语)The company_made up of 5 small factories_is facing a serious financial crisis.(过去分词短语作定语)8come up with提出或找到(答案、想法等)；赶上激活知识 翻译句
31、子(2019全国卷)Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard.译：_佐治亚理工学院的研究人员说，他们已经发明了一种能解决这个问题的低成本设备：智能键盘。_(北京高考)So scientists have come up with a shocking idea.译：_因此，科学家想出一个令人震惊的主意。_归纳拓展come up 走近；上来；被提出，被提及come about发生；产生
32、come across 遇见；(偶然)发现；被理解come on 来吧；赶快；进行come to 来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉When it comes to.当涉及；当谈到能力提升 句型转换The designer says the idea came up after he watched people get wet on streets in Russia.The designer says he _came up with_ the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.必备句型9(1)It then b
33、ecame possible for universities to use the system as well.各大学使用这一系统也变成了可能。(2)Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet，not just universities and the army.贝尔纳斯李使每个人，而不仅仅是大学和军队，使用因特网成为可能。激活知识 完成句子_It is necessary for the young to master_ a foreign language.年轻人掌握一门外语是必要的。翻译句子Many pa
34、rents made it their daily routine to get out for a walk in the evening.译：_许多父母把晚上出去散步当成他们的日常活动。_归纳拓展it作形式主语和形式宾语常用的句式：(1)It系动词表语to do/doing sth./that从句。(2)动词it宾语补足语to do/doing sth./that从句。其中常见的动词有：find，make，consider，suppose等。能力提升 语法填空(2020全国卷)Its hard _to tell_ (tell) exactly how many people agree w
35、ith him.(2019浙江高考)_It_ seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains.课堂达标巩固提升KE TANG DA BIAO GONG GU TI SHENG.单句语法填空1President Xi Jinping says that the central government will make medical insurance _accessible_ (access) to every family.2The children become so dependent on their paren
36、ts that they have no independent thought or _creative_ (create) ideas.3The ring is one of her personal possessions，so you cant take it without _permission_ (permit)4Students are provided with breakfast，dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch，_consisting_ (consist) of a sandwich，a drink and a dess
37、ert.5Grandma is very _independent_ (dependent) and does all her own shopping and cooking.6As is known，the world changed after the _invention_ (invent) of the telephone.7_Compared_ (compare) with adults，children are more eager to explore the world around them.8When will the matter come up for _discus
38、sion_ (discuss)?9They approached the department，speaking _frequently_ (frequent) to one another.10The lack of equipment made _it_ difficult for them to finish the work on time.单句改错1Several students came up some good suggestions on how to run a class well._up后面加with_2The film is so good that I want t
39、o see it the second time._thea_3The number of students in my school have risen from 2,000 to 4,000._havehas_4We will be back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map._willwould_5Twenty percent of the population here is from the Oceania._isare_6The United Kingdom，the US，Canada，Australia，New Zealand
40、 are all English-spoken countries._English-spokenEnglish-speaking_7We thought wrong that the child should be left alone in the house._thought后面加it_8Comparing with the book bought last week，this one is more interesting._ComparingCompared_9After the meal，she placed a little box contained an old pen in
41、 my hand._containedcontaining_10On the average，how much time do you spend on sports activities each week?_去掉the_.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Internet，which is the biggest source of information，_1.consists_(consist) of millions of pages of data. Everyone in the world can access it _
42、2.using_(use) the World Wide Web through a computer. But how did it develop? In 1969，DARPA，a US defence _3.organisation_(organise)，developed a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other _4.through_the telephone. Then in 1984，the US National Science Foundation started the NSFNET network. _5.
43、It_ then became possible for universities to use the system as well. Later Tim Berners-Lee，an English scientist came up _6.with_ the idea of the World Wide Web and invented it in 1991. Then he designed the first “web browser”， which allowed computer users _7.to access_(access) documents from other c
44、omputers. From that moment on，the web and the Internet grew. Within five years，_8.the_ number of Internet users rose quickly. The Internet has created thousands of millionaires，_9.but_ Berners-Lee is not one of them. He now works as a _10.lecturer_(lecture) at an institute.话题延伸写作写作素材(关于学校)1我们学校作为一所示
45、范学校而出名。2我们学校由九十个班级组成。3平均来说，每个班有五十名学生。4课堂上，学生们聚精会神地学习并提出很多问题。5课下，他们可以利用图书馆去获取他们需要的信息。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which引导的定语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)_参考范文_Our school，which consists of ninety classes，becomes known as model school. On average，there are 50 students in each class.In class，students concentrate on their study and come up with a lot of questions.After class，they have access to the library to obtain the information they need._
