1、2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘as引导的非限制性定语从句在as引导的非限制性定语从句中，连接代词as在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等，可以指人或物。其在定语从句中的位置比较灵活，即可以在句子 前面，在句子中间或句子末尾。常用的结构有：as we all know; as is well known to; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen;
2、as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。注意1as通常只指整个句子的内容，不表示部分内容。注意2as引导的非限制性定语从句通常指事先可以预料到的料想到的，表达好的方面。注意3as引导限制性定语从句时，常构成the sameas; suchas; so/as as等结构。在从句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整个句子。例句This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告诉过你，这也是你工作的一部分。The man was a teacher, as was evident
3、 from his way of speaking. 从那人说话的样子可明显看出，他是个老师。Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那样偶然想起的主意是无用的。Its the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 这故事跟我从她那儿听到的相同。He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要尽可能找漂亮的女孩结婚。Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be gre
4、atly respected.那些对世界做出巨大贡献的人们应该受到极大的尊重。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：It强调句型强调句的基本构成：It is/was + 被强调的部分 + who(主要指人时)/that + 其余部分注意1这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语(包括时间，地点，方式，原因 等)，但是不能强调谓语动词(参考句型15)。原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It isthat/who.;原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It wasthat/who.;强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when, where或how, 必须用that。例句1I saw him in the
5、street yesterday afternoon.It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调主 语)It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.(强调地 点状语)It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.(强调时 间状语)It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.(强 调宾语)例句2He didnt go
6、 to bed until his mother came back.It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.He didnt do his homework until his father came back from work.It wasnt until his father came back from work that he did his homework.例句3Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you val
7、ue him.It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him.只有你快要失去某个人时，你才意识到你是多么尊重他。例句4I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour.It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again.(强调句中只能强调由because引导的原
8、因状语从句，because不能换成 since, as, for, now that等)注意2强调句的疑问结构一般疑问句 Is / Was it +被强调部分 +who / that ?特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+is /was +it +who / that?What is/was it that? Who is/was it that? When is/was it that ?Where is/was it that? Why is/was it that? How is/was it that ?例句1I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
9、When was it that you saw him in the street?Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon?Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon?例句2I dont know when he will come back.I dont know when it is that he will come back.(宾语从句疑问词 后用陈述句语序)-How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith
10、? 你是怎么和Smith 先生联系上的?-Trough a friend of mine. 通过一个朋友。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：unless除非，如果不unless除非，如果不(=ifnot)例句I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。-Shall Tom go and play football?-Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他完成作业，否则不能出去。I wont go unless he comes to invite me himself.除非他本人来邀请我，不然我
11、是不会去的。I wont attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited).除非被邀请，否则我不去参加的生日晚会。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：what引导的从句what引导的从句what在英语中非常活跃,它可以用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，但是不用来引导定语从句。在句子里可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，既可以指人，也可以指物。例句What is the population of the world?世界的人口有多少?What did you pay for this picture?这幅画你付了多少钱?
12、What is most important in life isnt money.人生最重要的并非是金钱。Will you show me what you bought?可以把你所买的东西给我看一下吗?Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago.Mary已经不是10年前的她了。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：when引导的从句when除了用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从句，还有一种用法值得关注，那就是when引导并列分句，意思是这 时突然;就在那时，强调另一个动作的突然发生。常用于以下句型中：(1)、主语 + be d
13、oing when意思是正在做某事这时;(2)、主语 + be about to dowhen;(3)、主语+be on the point of (doing) when意思是正要去做某事这时例句One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天，Chuck正在太平洋上飞行，这时他的飞机突然爆炸了。I dont know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他什么时候到达。I thought of the happy days when I was
14、 in Beijing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子。I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会到来。I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. 我正在河边行走，这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救。I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开，这时下雨了。I had just finished m
15、y exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 我刚做完作业，下课铃响了。I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子。I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会来临。比较I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a ta
16、ilors shop. 我正在街上走，这时我看见一家裁缝店。I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailors shop. 我在街上走。就在那时我看见一家裁缝店。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：where(地点从句)where(地点从句)注意where引导地点从句时，可以引导定语从句或是逻辑地点状语从句。当它在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点时，这时可以用in which, on which, at which, to which, from which等结构代替。但是它引导逻辑地点状语从
17、句时，没有这样用法。例句You should put the book where it was. 把书放回原处。Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure.不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方获取成功。Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人类贪欲不止，世界和平无望。Go where you should, keep on studying. 无论你到哪里，你都应该继续学习
18、。That is the building where my father works. 那是我父亲工作的大楼。Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百货公司，就在那儿遇见了我的老师。Thats where a change is needed. 那就是需要变更的地方。We could see the runners very well from where we stood. 从我们所站的地方能很清楚地看到赛跑的选手。You should let your children play whe
19、re you can see them. 你应该让小孩在你的视线所及的地方玩耍。Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.(本句where引导定语从句)有些地方太冷不能种水稻，但可以种马铃薯。请比较下面的句子结构的不同Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice.(本句where引导地点状语从句)2014高考
20、英语必考范围大揭秘：which引导的非限制性定语从句which引导的非限制性定语从句(也引导限制性定语从句)which引导的非限制性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容，也可以指句子的部分内容(如单词或词组等)，在句子中可以作主语、宾语(动词或介词 的)、定语等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后，不能放在主句前。表达的内容是不好的、事先没有预料到的等时，常用which，只指物。例句Yellowstone National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黄石国家
21、公园位于怀俄明州，是世界上最美丽的国家公园之一。The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 这时钟是我祖父买的，现在还走时很准。The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery.那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买，却是幅赝品。She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。I lived three years in Paris,
22、 during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年，在那期间我学了法语。The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天气结果转晴，这是我们没有预料到的。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：while引导的从句while除了有当/在时候的意思外(注意：引导的句子谓语动词只能是延续性动词!)，另外的两层意思也是考查的重点： (1)while = although 尽管、虽然，引导让步状语从句;(2)while的意思是然而;可是，常用来表达对比关系。例句W
23、hile I admit that the problem is difficult, I dont think that they cant be solved.尽管我承认这个问题很难，但是我并不认为无法解决。While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.虽然我承认他的优点，我也能看出他的缺点。While I was angry with her, I didnt lose my temper.虽然我很生气，但我当时没有对她发脾气。While I understand your viewpoint, I dont agre
24、e with you. 虽然我了解你的见解， 我还是不能同意(你)。I earn only 120 dollars a week, while she earns 180 dollars. 我一星期只赚120美元，她却赚180美元。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：半倒装句否定意义的副词或短语放在句首，句子半倒装。这样 的副词主要有：little, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, never, not at all, by no means(决不), at no time(在任何时候都不)，nowhere, in no case (无论如何都不);not in
25、 the least (=not at all) , on no condition(决不) 等。例句Never shall I forget you.At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 那个人根本没有注意到发生的情况。Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 我那时几乎没有明白他给我说的话。Its beyond description. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beauti
26、ful place.那真是用语言难以形容。世界上没有其他地方会有这么安静、美丽的地方了。Not a single mistake did he make in the exam. 他在考试中没有犯一个错误。By no means are these works of art satisfactory. 这些艺术品根本不能令人满意。On no condition should you visit that place. 你决不能去那个地方。not only, but also(前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装)例句Not only was everything he had taken away f
27、rom him, but also his German citizenship was taken away. 不仅他拥有的一切被那走了，就连他的德国国籍也被取消了。They suggested not only should we attend the party but also give a performance. 他们建议我们不仅要参加晚会，还要进行表演。Not only should we students study hard, we also should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time. 我们学生不仅要学习好，还应
28、该知道在课余时间怎样享受生活。neither, nor放在句首例句If you dont go to see the movie, neither will I. 如果你不去看电影，我也不去。Why didnt you buy the jacket?Neither was the price satisfactory, nor did the color agree with me.价格不能令人满意，颜色也不太适合我。I dont like him, nor do I care about him. 我不喜欢他，也不关心他。only + 状语放在句首，句子半倒装。例句Only when the
29、 war was over did he return to work. 直到战争结束他才回去工作。Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army. 你只有到了18岁才能参军。Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life.只有这样，我们对生活中的机遇和挑战才会有充分的准备。Only by changing the way we live will we be able to save the earth.只有改变生
30、活方式，我们才能拯救地球。注意这种结构的倒装只在only引导状语的时候使用，only引导主语的时候不用倒装。Only in this way can you work out the problem. 你只有用这种方法才能做出题目。Only this way can help you work out the problem. 只有这种方法才能帮你做出题目。so + be动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 也(表示肯定意思)neither/nor +动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 也(表示否定意思)例句She is interested in the story, so am I.He e
31、njoys playing the guitar, so do I.I saw the film last night, so did he.In the past 20 years, our society has changed a lot, so have our eating habits.近20年来。我们的社会发生了很大的变化，我们的饮食习惯也变了。Tom didnt attend the meeting last night; nor did Mary. Tom没来参加昨晚的会议，Mary也没来。I have never been abroad. Neither/Nor has T
32、om.比较1 so + 主语 + 助动词 表示肯定已有的观点或事实例句We have all worked hard these days.So we have.(的确如此)I promised to help him, and so I did.(我确实帮助他了)比较2 主语 + 助动词 + so 表示按照别人的要求去做例句The wounded little boy asked me to lift him up and I did so.The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply and he did so.2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：动词考
33、点集汇讲解和训练【考点直击】1.动词的八种时态的构成及用法；2.动词被动语态的构成及用法；3.非谓语动词的构成及用法；4.近义动词的用法区别。【名师点睛】1.动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常用的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。（1）一般现在时的基本用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every, sometimes,at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 T
34、he earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much.5) 某些动词如 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start
35、 等，在一般现在时句中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。 The train comes at 3 oclock. 6) 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Ill help you as soon as you have problem. Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.（2）一般过去时的用法： 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时
36、可以不带时间状语。I worked in that factory last year【注意】1) 过去经常反复发生的动作，也可用used to或would加动词原形来表达，例如：I used to go fishing on Sundays.2) “used to”也可用于表示过去曾经存在过的状态。例如：This river used to be clean.（3）一般将来时的用法1）表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I shall attend the meeting tomorrow.2）表示将来反复发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：He will go to see his mother ev
37、ery Saturdays. 3）表示将来的意愿，决心，许诺， 命令等时常用will，征求对方意见，主语是第一人称时，常用shall。 I will do my best to catch up with them. Shall I open the door? 4）be + going + 动词不定式。也是一种将来时句型，表示打算，计划，最近或将来要作的某事。 I am going to Beijing next week. 5）be + 动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。 There is to be a meeting this afternoon. We are to
38、meet the guests at the station. 6）be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快作某事。 They are about to leave.（4）现在进行时的用法 1) 现在进行时的用法表示说话者说话时正在发生或者进行的动作， 它注重现在正在进行的动作，而不管动作从什么时间开始，到什么时间结束。 What are you doing now?I am looking for my key. 2) 现在进行时表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）。 The students are preparing for the examinati
39、on.3) 某些动词的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作，这些动词有 arrive, come, leave, start等。 They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow.【注意】有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态表示状态的动词，尤其是静态动词，如：be, have表示认识、知觉和情感的动词，如：know, think, hear, find, see, like, want, wish, prefer等。（5）现在完成时的用法 1) 现在完成时表示在说话之前已经完成或刚完成的动作。 I have bought a ten-speed bicycle. They hav
40、e cleaned the classroom. 2) 现在完成时表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，或者还有可能持续下去的动作或状态。 现在完成时常与for 和 since 引导的短语或从句连用。 We have lived here since 1976. They have waited for more than two hours.【注意】一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响；一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用。试比较：I saw this film yesterday.（强
41、调看的动作发生过了，不涉及现在）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）（6）过去进行时的用法表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。例如：I was watching TV when she came to see me.【注意】过去进行时和一般过去时都是过去发生的事情，但过去进行时侧重表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或所处的状态，强调动作的连续进行，而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实，例如：They were building a house last month. （上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知）They built a new house la
42、st month. （上个月建造好了，动作已经完成）（7）过去完成时的用法过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或所处的状态，过去完成时常和 by , before 等词组成的短语和从句连用。We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year.When we arrived at the station, they had waited for more than twenty minutes.（8）过去将来时的用法过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在地状态，过去将来时较多地被运用在宾语
43、从句中。例如：They were going to have a meeting.I told him that I would see him off at the station.2.动词的语态语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。（1）被动语态1) 被动语态最基本的句型结构是： be +及物动词过去分词2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。The chil
44、dren were taken good care of by her.【注意】短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。3) 主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为感官动词，如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch等。例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom.I was made to go out of the classroom (by the te
45、acher).4) 主动形式表示被动意义如wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如：The food tastes good.3.非谓语动词对非谓语动词的考点是：感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法；一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to，但变为被动语态时就要带to；有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。这些都是历年中考的重点。（1）非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词
46、形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。 动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。（2）不定式作宾语补足语Father will not allow us to play on the street.（3）不定式作目的状语He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.（4）用不定式和分词作补足语都可以的动词这样的动词有感官动词如：see, hear, look, notice, observe, feel等，使役动词如：have, make, leave, keep, get等。接不定式表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性。 I sa
47、w him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调我看见了这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调我见他正干活这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（5）用不带to不定式的情况使役动词如： let, have, make等和感官动词如： see, watch, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。在被动语态中则to不能省掉。（6）接动名词与不定式意义不同1) stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stop do
48、ing停止做某事。2) forget to do忘记要去做某事。(未做) forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做)3) remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做) remember doing记得做过某事 (已做)4) try to do努力，企图做某事。 try doing 试验，试着做某事。5) go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。go on doing 继续做原来做的事。 6) mean to do 打算、想mean doing意味着4. 容易混淆的常用动词的辨析(1) say, speak, talk, tell的用法。1) say表示讲话，作为及物动词
49、使用，后跟宾语或宾语从句。He said he would go there.Its time to leave. We have to say goodbye to you.2)speak表示“讲话”，一般作为不及物动词使用，而有时作为及物动词后面跟上各种语言作为宾语。Do you speak English?May I speak to Mr Pope, please?3) talk表示“谈话”，是不及物动词，与to , about, with等连用，才可以接宾语。What are you talking about?Mr Jackson is talking with my father
50、 in the office now.4) tell 表示“告诉，讲述”是及物动词，可以带双宾语或复合宾语。She told us an interesting story yesterday.My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month.(2) look, see, watch和watch的用法。1) look强调“看”这个动作，是不及物动词，常与at连用，然后接宾语。Look! The girl is swimming in the lake.Look at the picture carefull
51、y. Can you find something unusual?2) see 指“看见”某物，强调的是结果。They cant see the words on the blackboard.Does Lily often go to see a film on Sunday?3) watch 指的是“观看”，“注视”之意。The twins are watching TV now.He will go to watch a volleyball match.4） read指“看书”、“看报”、“阅读”之意。Dont read in the sun.I like to read newsp
52、apers when I am free.(3) borrow, lend和keep的区别。1) borrow意思为“借入”，常常与from连用，是非延续性动词，表示瞬间即能完成的动作。Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now.May I borrow your dictionary?2) lend 是“借出”之意，常常与to连用，同borrow一样，是非延续性动词，只表示瞬间即能完成的动作。Uncle Wany has lent his car to Mr Li.Could you lend us your radio, please?
53、3) keep是“保存”的意思，动作可以延续。How long can the recorder be kept?The farmer kept the pat for two weeks.(4) bring, take, carry 和get的用法。1) bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。Bring me the book, please.May I bring Jim to see you next Saturday?2) take意思是“拿走”，“带走”，把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿到”某处之意。It looks like rain. Take a r
54、aincoat with you.Mother took the little girl to the next room.3) carry 是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思，指随身携带，有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义，不表明来去的方向。Do you always carry a handbag?The box is heavy. Can you carry it?4) get是去某处将某物拿回来。Please go to my office to get some chalk.There is no water in the bottle. Why not get some?(5) wear,
55、put on和dress的区别1) wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调“穿着”的状态。Tom always wears black shoes.He wears a raincoat even when it is fine.She doesnt like to wear a red flowers in her hair.2) put on是“穿上”“戴上”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。着重于穿戴的动作。Its cold. Youd better put on your coat.He put on his hat and wen
56、t out of the room.3) dress可以作及物动词和不及物动词，有“穿着”“打扮”的意思。作“穿着”解时，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作为及物动词用时，它的宾语是人，不是衣服。dress sb. （给某人穿衣服），而wear作“穿着”用时，也是及物动词，但它的宾语是物，不是人，即wear sth.（穿着衣物）。She always dresses well.Get up and dress quickly.Mary is dressing her child.(6) take, spend 和use的用法。1) take指做某事用多少时间，句型是：It takes/
57、took/ will take + sb. +some time + to do sth.It took me three days to finish the work.It will take you a while week to travel thought the forest.It takes only one hour to fly to Shanghai.2) spend指某人在某事（物）上花费时间或钱。句型是：Someone spends + money/time + on something(in) doing sth.She spent more than 500 yua
58、n on that coat.He didnt spend much time on his lessons.He spent much time (in) correcting students exercises.Mother spent her evenings (in) washing clothes.3) use表示使用工具、手段等。Do you know how to use the computer?Shall we use your car?(7)reach, get 和arrive的区别。1) reach是及物动词，后面要直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。After the tra
59、in had left, they reached the stationWe reached the top of the mountain at last.2) get是不及动词，常与to连用，再接名词，后面接表示地点的副词时，不用to，get to常用于口语中。When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun.My sister was cooking when mother got home.3) arrive是不及物动词，表示到达一个小地方时，用arrive at, 到达一个大地方时用arrive in。The soldi
60、ers arrived at a small villageThe foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow.【实例解析】1.Im interested in animals, so I _ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.A. pay B. get C. take D. spend答案：D。该题考查的是pay, get, take spend这四个动词的用法区别。在这四个动词中，只有spend常用于 “spend ding sth.”的句型里，所以选D。2. -Listen Helen i
61、s singing in the next room.-It _ be Helen. She has gone to Beijing.A. cant B. mustnt C. may D. should答案：A。该题考查的是情态动词的用法。表示否定地推测通常用cant。3. -I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.-Oh, I am sorry I _ dinner at my friends house.A. have B. had C. was having D. have had答案：C。该题考查的是动词的时态。他
62、们谈论的是昨天晚上某一时刻发生的事情，所以用过去进行时。4. -How long have you _ the moteobike?-For about two weeks.A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. lent答案：B。该题考查的是延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法区别。这四个动词中只有had 是延续性动词，它的现在完成时可以同表示一段时间的时间状语连用。【实战演练】一.单项填空1. Listen! Some of the girls _ about Harry Potter. Lets join them.A. are talking B. talkC. wi
63、ll talk D. talked2. Our teacher, Miss Chen, _English on the radio the day bore yesterday.A. teaches B. taughtC. will teach D. had taught3. I dont think I _ you in that dress before.A. have seen B. was seeingC. saw D. see4. Susans parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It _ be very e
64、xpensive.A. must B. can C. mustnt D. cant5. Coffee is ready. How nice it _ ! Would you like some?A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. feels6. “ Mr. Zhu, youd better _ too much meat. You are already over weight,” said the doctor.A. not to eat B. to eat C. not eat D. eat7. “Dont always make Michael _ this
65、or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr. Bush said to his wife.A. do B. to do C. does D. did8. Sorry, I cant hear you clearly. Will you please _ your E-mail address? Illwrite it down.A. review B. recite C. report D. repeat9. Dont _ your coat, Tom! Its easy to catch cold in spring.A. take away B.
66、 take off C. take down D. take out10. You _ go and ask Meimei. She _ know the answer.A. must; can B. must; may C. need; can D. can; may11. Im sorry youve missed the train. It _ 10 minutes ago.A. left B. has left C. had left D. has been left12. I bought a new dictionary and it _ me 30 yuan.A. paid B.
67、 spent C. took D. cost13. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?-_ you _ your homework yet?A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finishing D. Have; finished14. I have to go now. Please remember to _ the lights when you leave.A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on15. A talk on Chinese hist
68、ory _ in the school next week.A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give16. Look! How heavy the rain is! Youd better _.A. dont go now B. stay here when it stopsC. not leave until it stops D. not to leave at once17. You may go fishing if your work _.A. is done B. will be done C. has
69、done D. have done18. Cotton _ nice and soft.A. is felt B. is feeling C. feel D. feels19. -Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick?-John _.A. cleaned B. does C. did D. is20. -Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _?-No. She got up too late.A. had she B. hadnt she C. did she D. didnt she二.
70、阅读短文，并用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。AMy name is Wang Bing. Im from China. Now I _1_ (study) at this school. I _2_ (arrive) here on January 8. Since then, I _3_ (make) a lot of friends. At school we speak English all the time. Next week, some new students from Africa, Asia and Latin America _4_ (come) to our schoo
71、l. Im very glad to know this because I enjoy _5_ (meet) people from other countries.1. study/am studying 2. arrived 3. have made 4. will come 5. meetingBSince 1946, one of the most important inventions has been the computer. It has been changing all our lives.The first computer _1_ (build) in 1946.
72、It _2_ (be) as large as a room and very difficult and slow _3_ (use). But since the invention of silicon “chip”（硅片），computers _4_ (become) smaller, easier and faster to operate. Some computers _5_ (be) as small as TV sets. Some can even _6_ (make) smaller than a book. And computers _7_ (get) smaller
73、 and smaller all the time. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow _8_ (be) like?There _9_ (be) several reasons why the computer is useful to us. First, a lot of information can _10_ (put) into computer. Second, the computer works very quickly-thousands of times faster than a man and it will not be
74、 tired. Third, modern computers can be built into other kinds of machines, like radios, cars and planes. So today people can spend less time doing more work with a computer.三. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfers out _ (ride) the waves.2. -What do you use th
75、e key for?-It is _ (use) for making the robot work.3. No news _ (be) good news. Im sure Jane is still all right.4. -Are you feeling better these days?-Yes, much better. I _ as well as these days for a long time.5. It _ (rain) heavily, youd better not go out now.6. The city of Xian _ (become) cleaner
76、 and cleaner.7. The boys enjoy _ (see) fight films very much.8. He left the room without _ (say) goodbye.9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of China.10. Many trees _ (plant) in our school yard these years.四. 用方框中所给的动词或动词词组的适当形式填入下列句子里，使其意思通顺，每个动词或动词词组只能用一次Allow, fall, not be, phone, receive, show, send f
77、or,pay for, be used for, turn it off, keep on1. Its rather hot today, but the weather report says the temperature _ to 28C tomorrow.2. “Remember, nobody _ to eat or drink in the computer room,” the assistant said to the new students.3. Hi, Mike! I _ your invitation. Thank you very much. Ill come on
78、time.4. This time yesterday I _ the foreigners around the ancient church.5. My uncle phoned the booking office of the airline, and he was told there _ any flights to Singapore in the following three days because of the bad weather.6. Dont lose heart and _ trying.7. Dont watch TV. Its too late. Pleas
79、e _ and go to bed right now.8. Computers are useful. They can _ sending E-mail.9. If youve lost this book, you have to _ it.10. Both of his feet were hurt in the accident. _ a doctor, please.【练习答案】一.1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.C二. 1. was b
80、uilt 2.was 3. to use 4. have become 5. are 6. be made 7. are getting 8. will be 9. are 10. be put三. 1.riding 2.used 3.is 4.have not felt 5.is raining 6. is becoming 7.seeing 8.sayig 9.is grown 10.have been planted四. 1.will fall 2.is allowed 3.have received 4.was showing 5.would not be 6.keep on 7.tu
81、rn it off 8.be used for 9.pay for 10.Send for2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：全倒装句型here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词放在句首，句子需要全部倒装。例句There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了!Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽车来了。Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 该轮到你发言了。Away went the thief whe
82、n he saw the police.Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我们期盼的时候到了。注意(1)在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。(2)主语是人称代词时不要倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。表示方位的状语放在句首，句子全倒装;谓语动词多为be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物动词。例句On a hill in front of them stands a grea
83、t castle. 在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。In front of the house stopped a police car. 房子的全面停着一辆警车。Around the corner walks a young policeman. 拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走。Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩。(表语)adj. / v-ing / v-ed +(地点状语)+ be(或其他动词形式)So adj./advthat如此以至于(so引导的句子倒装，而that引导的句子不倒装!) (这种结构是半倒装句。)
84、例句Present at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer. 出席会议的有经理，设计师和词作者。Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗杆上有一面国旗。Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to
85、the new teacher. 坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了。Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 相声是中国典型的喜剧，两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众。So clearly does he speak English that he can alway
86、s make himself understood.他说英语非常清晰，别人都能听懂他的话。2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：数词、冠词考点集汇讲解和训练【考点直击】1.不定冠词a与an的用法2.定冠词the的用法3.零冠词4.基数词的用法5.序数词的用法【名师点睛】一. 冠词的用法冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词有两种。A(an)叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。A用在辅音之前，an用在元音之前。1. 不定冠词的用法(1) a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：John is a student.Mary is an English teacher.(2) 指某
87、一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如:A steel worker makes steel.Pass me an apple, please.(3) 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或和物。例如：A student wants to see you.A girl is waiting for you outside.(4) 表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。例如：Take the medicine three times a day.They go to see their parents once a week.2. 定冠词用法(1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：The book on
88、the desk is an English dictionary.Beijing is the capital of China.(2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：Open the door, please.Jack is in the library.(3) 上文提到过的人或事物。例如：Yesterday Johns father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(5) 用在序
89、数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China.January is the first month of the year.(6) 用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：The nurse is kind to the sick.We should take good care of the old.(7) 用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如：the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。(8) 用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人
90、”，“某某夫妇”。例如：the Browns, the whites等。3. 不用冠词的情况(1) 某些专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。例如：China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。(2) 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词时，不用冠词。例如：That is my cap.I have some questions.Go down this street.(3) 复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。They are workers
91、.We are students.(4) 称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。例如：I dont feel well today, Mother.Bush was made president of the U.S.(5) 三餐饭的名称前，球类活动，学科和节目名词前，常不用冠词。例如：I have lunch at home.He often plays football after class.We have English and maths every day.(6) 在某些固定词组里，名词之前常不用冠词。例如：By air, at night, at home, go
92、to bed, go to school, on foot, from morning till night 等。二. 数词的用法数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。1. 基数词的用法(1) 基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语，例如： Thirty of them are Party members.（主语） - How many would you like？ - Three ，please（作宾语） The nine boys are from Tianjing.（定语） Six plus four is ten.（表语） We four will go
93、with you.（同位语）(2) 表示一个具体数字时，hundred, thousand, million一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如：Our country has a population of 1,300 million people.There are three thousand students in our school.After the war, thousands of people became homeless.Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the
94、world. They arrived in twos and threes (3) 表示“十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代，例如： He is in his early thirties He died still in his forties This took place in 1930s(4) 表示时刻用基数词。例如：We get up at six.The workers begin work at eight.表示“几点过几分”，用介词past,但须在半小时以内。例如：ten past ten,a quarter past nine,half past twelve表示
95、“几点差几分”用介词to, 但分数须在半小时以上。例如：twenty to nine,five to eight,a quarter to ten表示“几点几分”还可直接用基数词。例如：seven fifteen,eleven thirty,nine twenty2. 序数词的用法 （1）序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词，例如： The first truck is carrying a foot baskets John lives on the fifteenth floor （2）序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一”这样的意思，例如： Well have to do it
96、 a second timeShall I ask him a third time？ When I sat down，a fourth man rose to speak（3）由几个序数词和基数词在拼写时不对应，很容易写错，应特别注意。它们是：one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth。（4）表示年，月，日时， 年用基数词表示，日用序数词表示。例如：1949年十月一日读作: October (the) first, nineteen sixty2004年九月十
97、日读作：September (the) tenth, two thousand and four（5）表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s。例如：three fourths,one second,two fifths（6）序数词有时用缩写形式：first1st second2ndthird3rd fourth4thtwenty-second22nd【实例解析】1. About _ students in our class can describe that place in English.A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C.
98、 third-five D. third-fifths答案：A。该题考查的是分数的表示法。分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母应加-s，因此应选A。2. Nine _ pounds a week? Thats very good.A. hundred of B. hundreds ofC. hundreds D. hundred答案：D。该题考查的是数词的用法。Nine hundred是一个具体的数量，这是数词不能用复数形式，后面也不能加of。所以应选D。3. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _ bas
99、ketball.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的用法。球类运动之前不加冠词，因此应选D。4.This is _ song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one?A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the答案：C。该题考查的是冠词的用法。第一个空是特指，特指我给你说过的那首歌，第二个空是表示某一个类别。所以应选C。【实战演练】一. .单项填空1. This morning I had _ egg and a bottle of milk for my breakfast
100、.A. an B. a C. the D./2. -Whats the matter with you?-I caught _ bad cold and had to stay in _.A. a;/ B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the3. -Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.-Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a4. _ sun is shining brightly.A.
101、 A B. An C. The D. /5. There is _ “h” in the word hour.A. a B. the C. an D./6. Did you enjoy your stay in Xian?Yes. I had _ wonderful time.A. a B. an C. the D. /7. _ sun is bigger than _ earth.A. A; the B. A; an C. The; an D. The; the8. There is _ apple and some pears on the table.A. the B./ C. a D.
102、 an9. David has _ cat. Its very nice.A. a B. an C. the D./10. Im reading _ novel. It is _ interesting story.A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an11. It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide.A. three hundreds B. three hundredsC. three hundreds D. three hundred12. -How many workers
103、 are there in your factory?-There are two _.A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of13. -Which is the smallest number of the four?-_.A. Two-thirds B. A half C. A quarter D. Three-fourths14. -What do you think of a war, Li Ming?-Ive no idea. But its a fact that _ people had to leave their
104、hometown during the War on Iraq.A. three thousands B. thousand ofC. thousands of D. several thousands15. We all think that the _ century will bring us more hopes.A. twenty-first B. twentieth-firstC. twenty-one D. twentieth-one16. -Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty
105、-six?-Yes, it is _.A. 856620 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 5862617. When was the PRC founded? It was founded on _.A. July 1, 1921 B. October 1, 1949C. August 1, 1927 D. May 1, 192218. I was 8 years old when my father was 31. This year my father is twice my age. How old am I?A. 21 B. 22 C. 23 D. 2419. _ Chine
106、se are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympics.A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of20. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _one.A. three B. third C. forth D. /二. 句子改错：下面各句A, B, C, D中有一处错误，请指出并改正。1. May is a fifth month of the year.A B C D
107、2. The film has been on for half a hour.A B C D3. The boys and the girls often play the foot ball in the afternoon.A B C D4. It looks rain. Why not take a umbrella with you?A B C D5. Li Mei often gives us some good information by the e-meil.A B C D6. Weve planted two hundreds trees in the centre of
108、our city this year.A B C D7. Five million of dollars is a lot of money.A B C D8. There are thousand of children in the park now.A B C D9. By the end of twenty century, the world population had passed six billion.A B C D10. Over three fifth of the worlds books and newspapers are written in English.A
109、B C D【练习答案】一. 1.A 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.A11.D 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.B二. 1.B athe 2.D aan 3.C 去掉the 4.C aan 5.D去掉the 6.B two hundredstwo hundred 7.B 去掉of 8.B thousandthousands 9.B twentytwentieth 10.A three fifththree fifths2014高考英语必考范围大揭秘：疑问词+ever whatever(1)疑问词+eve
110、r whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever,wherever, however用来引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用。例句Whatever (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。Whatever reasons you (may) have, you should carry out a promise. 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。Whoever (=No mat
111、ter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 无论谁来，都会受到热烈欢迎。Whenever (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday.此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。Whenever you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 无论什么时候你去找她，你都会看到她坐在窗边。Wherever (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.Wh
112、ichever (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same.他们当中不论你选哪一个，品质都一样。However (=No matter how) hard I have tried, I cant find the answer.(2)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引导名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。例句Take whichever you want. 你要哪个就拿哪个。We will do whatever we can
113、to help him out. 我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。Ill show you whatever you want to see. 你想看什么我就给你看什么。Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬。Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. 任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒。You may invite whomever(口语中常用whoever代替)you like to the party. 你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会。Take whatever magazines you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。
