1、专题01 名词、数词(讲义)目 录考点一 名词 -1页 -1页 -2页【真题研析规律探寻】-3页考向1 名词与其他词类之间的相互转换-3页考向2 考查名词的复数形式-3页考向3 考查名词的所有格-4页考向4 考查抽象名词具体化用法-4页考向5 考查名词的句法功能-5页【核心提炼考向探究】-7页1名词与其他词类的相互转换-7页2名词的数-9页3名词的所有格-10页4名词的句法功能-10页【题型特训命题预测】-11页预测考向1 名词的派生词-11页预测考向2 在短语中考查名词-11页预测考向3 名词的数-11页预测考向4 名词的所有格-12页考点二 数词 -13页-13页-14页【真题研析规律探寻
2、】-14页考向1 考查基数词、序数词及其相互转换-15页考向2 考查数词的表达法（分数是重点）-15页考向3 考查倍数表达法-15页【核心提炼考向探究】-16页1. 基数词和序数词的相互转换-16页2. 与数词相关的表达法- 16页3. 易混易错数词考点- 16页【题型特训命题预测】-17页预测考向1 基数词和序数词的相互转换-17页预测考向2 数词常用表达法-17页考点一 名词考情分析：分析2021-2023年新高考有关名词的考向分布。题型语法填空完形填空高考考点名词（考查的具体内容展示）名词选项（在语境中恰当地使用名词）新高考I卷2023tasty（taste）名词形容词42.delay延
3、误；petitor参赛者；44.race比赛；46.aid帮助；50.pain疼痛；52.deal交易，局面；54.meet体育比赛；55.display展示2022populations（population）名词复数41.memories记忆；49.wind风；51.luck好运；54.excitement兴奋；55.adventure冒险2021humans（human）名词复数42.stores商店; 44.plans计划;47. permission允许; 48.roles任务新高考II卷2023（arrive）arrival动词名词（interview）interviews名词复数
4、41.budget预算；42.transportation交通；49.stranger陌生人2022sons（son）名词所有格42.vacation假期；45.strangers陌生人的；46.absence缺席；fort舒适，安慰；51. success成功；52.expectations期待；55.decision决定2021representative（represent）动词名词22.policeman 警察; 23.A.role 角色;24.case 情况,案件;26.appearance出现，外表;27.trust 信任;32.information 信息; 35.courage
5、 勇气新高考浙江卷2023年1月spacious (space)名词形容词events(event)名词复数42.treetops48.rope55.moment2022年1月invitation(invite)动词名词16.eyes18.life20.silence23.program26.money30.retirement31.age34.light35.beginning2022年6月photographer(photograph) 动词名词independence (independent)形容词名词18.excitement20.responsibility30.leadershi
6、p33.lack35.management2021年1月persons (person)名词所有格22.project28.satisfaction29.work2021年7月marriage（marry）动词名词pany20.way21.things25.stranger27.soap30.gift33.money34.kindness总结高考考点，探究名词的命题规律。近年来，高考名词主要考查：名词的词形转换；名词的数；名词所有格；抽象名词也是很重要的考点。考点要求考题统计考情分析名词的数3年4考【命题规律】根据新高考三年的考情分析，名词和其他词类的相互转换是考查最多的语法点，因此，总结归类
7、名词相关的转换规律及具体的词是备考的重点方向。其次，名词的单复数的变化也是高考重点考查的对象。同时兼顾名词的所有格。【命题预测】名词选项在完形填空中的比例也很高，但完形填空考查的是考生在语境中判断使用恰当名词的问题，它的重心不在词语辨析上。名词所有格3年2考动词、形容词等转换成名词3年8考在语境中判断使用名词，重点考查名词词义3年62考考向1 名词与其他词类之间的相互转换1.(2023年新高考II卷) Since June 2017, right before the _ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I ha
8、ve been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.2.（2022年1月浙江卷）When the answer was no ,she declined the_(invite) .3.（2022年6月浙江卷）John Olson, a former (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.4.（2022年6月浙江卷）For Luc, this m
9、eans (independent). The feeling of being able to see it and to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”5.(2021年新高考II卷) A company _ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.6.（2021年浙江卷）
10、 In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their _（marry）ceremony in 1842.1.根据语境标志词判断是否转化成名词(1)看到冠词或形容词或形容词性物主代词时, 要想到名词;(2)遇到介词或及物动词时要想到名词;(3)当看到并列连词所连接的前或后是名词时要想到名词。2. 根据空处词的位置，确定本词在句中的成分，作主语、宾语成分，可能填名词，表语也可能是名词。3. 熟记常见名词后缀:-age表示“状态;场所;费用”;-ory表示“工作场所;住处”
11、;-ology表示“学;论”;-ure表示“状态”;-cy表示“性质;状态”;-ery表示“境遇;状况;性质;行为”;-ism表示“主义”;-ty表示“性质;状态;程度”。考向2 考查名词的复数形式1. (2023年新高考II卷) They also need to be ready to give _ (interview) in English with international journalists. 2.（20231月浙江卷）Thanks to Beijings long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has it
12、s stories, and some are even associated with historic _ (event). 3.（2022年新高考I卷)The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate _ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 4. （2021新高考I卷 ）The rolling sea of clouds you see o
13、nce you are at the top will remind you how tiny we(human) are.1. 根据规则确定名词单复数(1)如果空格处被these, several, many和数词等修饰时, 要考虑用名词的复数形式;(2)如果一般现在时的谓语动词是动词原形或are, 要考虑用名词的复数形式;(3)在平时学习中要熟记名词单数变复数的规则, 方能解决好此类问题。2. 注意抽象名词具体化后的名词复数形式。例如：population的复数是populations。3.注意不规则名词的复数，尤其是不要进行错误推理，要全面复习。2021年高考中的human的复数形式，很
14、多同学因为类比出现错误，误写成humen。【易错提醒】容易写错的名词复数human-humans contribution-contributions manner(态度) manners(礼貌,习俗) paper(纸) papers(考卷,文件) wood(木柴) woods(树林)考向3 考查名词的所有格1.（2022新高考全国卷）“He saved my _ (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. 2.（2021浙江卷）It is calculated by dividing a _ (person) weight in kg by their height in m
15、eters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.1.表示两者各自所有关系时，分别在每个名词的词尾加s；表示两者共有，在最后名词词尾加s。如：This is Tom and Jims father 汤姆和吉姆的父亲。Have you ever met Toms and Jims fathers before?汤姆父亲和吉姆父亲2. 双重所有格的构成为:“名词+of+-s所有格”或“名词+of+名词性物主代词”。表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”,名词前可用a,any,some,a few,two,this,th
16、at,these,those 等修饰,但不能用the。如:a picture of my mothers我母亲(拥有)的一张照片;this little cat of your sisters你妹妹的这只小猫。考向4 考查抽象名词具体化用法1.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carsons theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction. 2.（
17、2020新课标卷）Chinese New Year is a _ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.【易错提醒】名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况1.有些名词一般不用复数形式，但可用复数形式来表达不同的类别fishes各种鱼；fruits各种水果；steels各种钢材2.有些名词的单复数形式表达不同的含义snow雪, snows积雪; two people两个人，two peoples两个民族3.glass一词作 “玻璃”解时，为物质名词，不可数The cup i
18、s made of glass. 作 “玻璃杯”解时，则为个体名词，可数；如I bought ten glasses this morning. 作 “眼镜”解时，须用复数形式glasses.如: a man with thick glasses4.paper一词作“纸”解时，不可数write on paper; 作“报纸”“文件”“考卷”解时，则可数,如: hand in your test papers5.物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。of之前的数量名词，要根据情况使用单数或复数形式a cup of tea; four pieces of bread; a cake of
19、 soap6.有些抽象名词的复数形式表示不同的含义time(时间)times( 时代，次，倍数) work(工作) works( 著作，工厂，工事)air(空气) airs( 气派，架子,姿态 ) look(看)looks(容貌)custom(习惯) customs(海关) advice(劝告)advices(消息)arm(手臂)arms(军火) damage(损坏)damages(赔偿金)glass(玻璃)glasses(眼镜,玻璃杯) good(利益) goods(货物)compass(指南针)compasses(圆规) manner(态度) manners(礼貌,习俗)paper(纸)
20、papers(考卷,文件) sand(沙子) sands(沙滩) 考向5 考查名词的句法功能1.（2021年全国乙卷） Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultura
21、l characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _(develop)of the local areas. 2.(2022年全国甲卷) Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental _ (protect).【易错提醒】名词作定语注意以下几点：（1）直接作定语, 通常用单数形式。college students大学生 girl friend女友 vegetable ga
22、rden菜园 basketball match篮球赛（2）man，woman，gentleman作定语man，woman，gentleman作定语时可以用单数和复数两种形式，但必须随所修饰名词的数而定。He said that two women doctors would come to our village the next day. 他说明天有两个女医生到我们村子来。There are many men teachers in our school. 我们学校有很多男教师。（3）某些常用复数的名词用作定语某些常用复数的名词，当它们用作定语时，也须用复数形式。arms productio
23、n 武器生产 clothes shop服装商店 sales department营业部 a goods train货车名词考点的必备知识：1名词与其他词类的相互转换：新高考语法填空词形转换的占比很高，名词相关的词形转换是高考命题的必考点。名词词形转换的必备知识总结如下：（1）动词变名词的后缀：后缀-ment 【易错提醒】equip equipment设备employ employment雇用treat treatment对待；治疗后缀-ance/-ence 【易错提醒】enter entrance进入exist existence存在；生存prefer preference偏爱refer re
24、ference参考；查阅differ difference不同后缀-tion【易错提醒】educate education教育evaluate evaluation评估graduate graduation毕业后缀-ation 【易错提醒】expect expectation期待；期望consider consideration考虑imagine imagination想象力starve starvation挨饿occupy occupation工作，职业；占领后缀-ion 【易错提醒】possess possession拥有；占有depress depression压抑；沮丧后缀-al【高频
25、再现】approve approval赞成；批准arrive arrival到来；到达survive survival幸存propose proposal提议；建议refuse refusal拒绝后缀-ure/-ture【高频再现】press pressure压力mix mixture混合；混合物depart departure离开；出发fail failure失败please pleasure愉快后缀-y【高频再现】difficult difficulty困难discover discovery发现deliver delivery递送recover recovery恢复；痊愈honest h
26、onesty诚实（2）形容词变名词的后缀后缀-ness直接加-ness 【易错提醒】careless carelessness粗心大意helpless helplessness无助safe safeness安全性(易混：safety安全)以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i再加-ness【易错提醒】lonely loneliness孤独后缀-th【易错提醒】strong strength力气；强项true truth真实wide width宽度deep depth深度long length长度young youth年轻人后缀-ce(tce)【高频再现】absent absence缺席confide
27、nt confidence自信心different difference不同evident evidence证据patient patience耐心后缀-dom【高频再现】bored boredom厌烦free freedom自由；自主wise wisdom明智；智慧后缀-ty【高频再现】certain certainty必然的事cruel cruelty残酷；残暴safe safety安全后缀-ity【易错提醒】able ability能力disable disability无能；残疾active activity活动real reality现实responsible responsibil
28、ity责任后缀-age【高频再现】cover coverage覆盖范围short shortage不足；短缺marry marriage婚姻pack package包裹(3)表示“人”的名词后缀在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。常见的表示“人”的后缀有：后缀-er【易错提醒】begin beginner初学者后缀-or【易错提醒】invent inventor发明者operate operator经营者；操作员conduct conductor售票员；导体compete competitor参赛者后缀-ee【易错提醒】employ employee雇员intervi
29、ew interviewee参加面试者train trainee受训者；实习生escape escapee逃亡者后缀-ian【易错提醒】music musician音乐家politics politician政治家history historian历史学家library librarian图书管理员后缀-ist【易错提醒】science scientist科学家piano pianist钢琴家cycle cyclist骑自行车的人后缀-ant【易错提醒】serve servant仆人participate participant参加者assist assistant助手apply applic
30、ant申请人(4)-er/-or结尾表示物的名词后缀【易错提醒】clean cleaner清洁剂contain container容器cook cooker炊具draw drawer抽屉dry drier干燥剂；干燥机sharpen sharpener铅笔刀shave shaver剃须刀thrill thriller惊悚小说/电影calculate calculator计算器tract tractor拖拉机2名词的数：1.牢记名词变复数的5种变化形式(1)一般情况下，在词尾直接加-s：book books, mouth mouths, house houses, girl girls(2)以-
31、s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es：glass glasses, box boxes, match matches(3)以辅音字母-y结尾的名词，变y为i再加-es；city cities, country countries, party parties (4) 【易错提醒】以o结尾的名词常在词尾加-s：radios, zoos, pianos, kilos, photos；加-es的有以下词：heroes, Negroes, tomatoes, potatoes。(5) 【易错提醒】以-f，-fe结尾的名词少数直接加-s：roof roofs，belief belie
32、fs。一般以-f或-fe结尾的名词要变f或fe为v再加-es：self, life, thief, wife, knife, leaf, shelf, wolf, half。2名词在不定代词few, a few, other, all, both, many, several等后时，要想到用复数形式。3谓语动词为复数形式，要想到作主语的名词用复数形式。4【易错提醒】注意一些不规则变化的名词复数，如child children, man men, tooth teeth, foot feet, woman women等。但human humans5有些词用复数形式表示祝愿、礼貌或客气等，如con
33、gratulations(祝贺)、regards(问候)、respects(敬意)、thanks(谢谢)、wishes(祝愿)等。6【高频再现】一些固定短语中的名词只用复数形式，常见的有：make friends with(与交朋友)、shake hands with.(与握手)、take measures(采取措施)、make preparations for(为作准备)、in high spirits(兴高采烈地)。7常考的不可数名词(1)表物质的不可数名词：baggage/luggage(行李)、cash(现金)、meat(肉)、paper(纸张)等。(2)表抽象概念的不可数名词：wor
34、k(工作)、knowledge(知识)、luck(运气)、scenery(风景)、traffic(交通)等。(3) 【易错提醒】永远不可数的重点名词：advice(建议)、equipment(设备)、fun(乐趣)、furniture(家具)、progress(进步)、news/word(消息)等。 8抽象名词具体化【高频再现】抽象名词具体化：抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为具体的动作、行为或类别等概念。单词抽象名词意义具体化名词意义success成功成功的人或事pleasure乐趣令人高兴的事beauty美；美丽美丽的人或事物comfort安慰；慰藉令人感到安慰的人或事物da
35、nger危险危险的人或因素delight高兴令人高兴的事failure失败失败的人或事物surprise惊奇令人惊奇的事情shock震惊令人震惊的事情pride骄傲令人骄傲的人或事情3名词的所有格：(1)有生命的名词，其所有格一般在名词后加-s。(2)表示时间、城市、地域、团体、机构等非生命的事物后也可加-s表示其所有格。(3)无生命的名词，借用of表示所属关系。(4) 【易错提醒】如果一样东西为两个人共有，则只在后一个名词后加-s，如果不是共有的则两个名词后都要加-s。Jane and Marys mother 简和玛丽的妈妈(共有，暗示简和玛丽是姐妹关系)Janes and Marys m
36、others 简的妈妈和玛丽的妈妈(不是共有，分别指两位妈妈)(5) 【易错提醒】双重所有格：“a/two/some. 名词of名词s/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格，“of名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。a friend of her mothers她妈妈的一个朋友two photos of hers 她的两张照片4名词的句法功能：【易错提醒】名词作定语通常用单数，但是下列词需用复数，clothes shop服装店; goods train货运火车；sports meeting运动会；名词所有格作定语主要表示事物间的关系（如所属关系、主谓关系、动宾关系等）；名词作定语主要表示被
37、修饰名词的特征、性别、用途、功能、内容等。名词考点的关键能力： 高考评价体系要求：考生能在具体的语境中，准确判断和使用基本的语法规则。提高名词运用能力的基本策略：1根据所处位置判断是否填入名词形式。如谓语动词之前、介词之后、形容词之后、冠词或数词之后。2单数可数名词不能单独使用，要与冠词、指示代词、不定代词等连用，否则就用复数形式表示复数含义。3注意固定短语中名词的单复数。4注意名词应该与其修饰语保持数的一致。5不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与不定冠词连用。【2024年高考命题预测】根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：（1）考查名词的词形转换仍然是重点，归纳总结规律和牢记不规则变化相结合；（2）考
38、查名词的复数形式仍然是必考点，复习掌握复数的变形规律，同时，熟记不规则变化的名词复数形式；（3）有可能考查名词所有格；（4）抽象名词的具体化是未来很可能考的考点，一定要做好充分准备；（5）名词作定语通常用单数形式也是不可忽视的考点。预测考向1 名词的派生词1.（2024江苏省徐州市南通市六校联合调研）Al has also been successfully used elsewhere. It has been used to automatically identify and analyze the tracks of snow leopards from 100,000 photos
39、taken every three months in national parks, increasing the 43 (accurate) of identification to 98 percent and strengthening the efficiency of protection measures. 2. （2024河南省TOP二十名校调研考试（四）Wu Qin Xi, or The Five-Animal Qigong, can be regarded as the earliest form of Medical Qigong in Chinese history,
40、dating back to Eastern Han Dynasty (25220). The (create) of Wu Qin Xi was credited to the famous Chinese physician Hua Tuo (110207) who had great skills as a surgeon, acupuncturist (针灸师) and herbalist.3.（2024浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）Apart from ren, Confucius put forward another concept, which is yi or righteous
41、ness. Yi is the codes of conduct under the (guide) of ren.【答案】guidance【解析】考查名词。句意：“礼”是“仁”指导下的行为准则。空处填名词作介词under的宾语，guidance“行为准则”，不可数名词，故填guidance。4.（2024河北省月考）It is obvious that there is no (short) of noodle dishes and noodle soup recipes in China.预测考向2 在短语中考查名词（2024河北省部分重点高中综合素养测评）Kunqu Opera uses
42、 a seemingly endless (vary) of gestures to express specific emotions and has distinguished itself by its rhythmic patterns and exerted a dominant impact on all the more recent forms of opera in China, such as Peking Opera.预测考向3 名词的数1.（2024河北省唐山市高三上学期摸底）Due to the (revive) of traditional Chinese arch
43、itecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback. Architects are now looking towards the (principle) behind skywells while designing new buildings to save energy.2.（2024河北省部分重点高中综合素养测评）Kunqu Opera, combining songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, graceful body movements, martial arts and danc
44、e was originally born in the region of Kunshan, Jiangsu province and was listed as one of the representative (work) of the oral and intangible of humanity by UNESCO in 2001.3.（2024届浙江省强基联盟适应性考试）Actually, it can be either or a bit of both. I had pretty outgoing, confident parents, and there are some
45、(study) that suggest the more confident or outspoken a parent in childhood, the shyer a child could potentially become.4.（2024江苏省镇江市丹阳市统考）The tourism boom helps to protect and breathe life into the ancient village. A symbolic paifang, standing at the entrance to Xidi, was built in the 16th century i
46、n memory of Hu Wenguang, a Ming Dynasty official born in the village who made great (contribute) to local education and livelihoods.5.（2024江苏省常州市联盟校调研）Testifying before a Senate Judiciary committee this week, Altman “advocated a number of (regulate) including a new government agency charged with cre
47、ating standards” for AI. 预测考向4 名词的所有格1.（2024浙江省名校协作体适应性考试）A (student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.2.（2024江苏省前黄高级中学学情检测）During a visit earlier this year to the crowded and noisy market in the (city) Wuning subdistrict, Mao Fenghua, head of
48、 the local trade union federation, found a child doing homework near a street stall.考点二 数词考情分析：分析新高考有关数词的考向分布。三年高考只有两次考查了数词：题型语法填空高考考点数词全国甲卷2023six-sixth新高考II卷2021seven-seventh总结高考考点，探究数词的命题规律。考点要求考题统计考情分析基数词3年0考【命题规律】根据新高考三年的考情分析，基数词和序数词的相互转换是可能的考查要点，因此，总结归类数词相关的转换规律及具体数词表达法是备考的重点方向。 考查重点是序数词和分数的表达
49、法，虽然数词考得较少，但仍然需要充分复习，几年没考是因为找不到与数词相关的文章，如果有合适的语篇考查数词的可能性还是有的。序数词3年2考数词的常用表达法3年0考考向1 考查基数词、序数词及其相互转换1.（2023全国甲卷）Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesops fables date to the (six) century, BC. 2.（2021新高考II卷）Ive always loved the ocean. In the (seven) grade
50、, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.常用序数词的拼写规律及特殊数词的记忆序数词多数是由“基数词th”构成。如：sixsixth，sevenseventh等。以y结尾的整十的数字，先将y改为i，再加eth。如：fifty-fiftieth，seventyseventieth等。21以上的非整十的数字，将末位数(即个位数)改为序数词，其他的位数仍用基数词。如：twenty-one twentyfirst，thirtytwo thirty-second，two hundred and ninetyei
51、ght two hundred and ninetyeighth等。少数的序数词属于特殊情况，而且这类词也常常是考点，大家要特别注意记忆。如：onefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefifth，eighteighth，twelvetwelfth注：fourteenth(第十四)，fortieth(第四十)，ninth(第九)，nineteenth(第十九)，ninetieth(第九十)考向2 考查数词的表达法（分数是重点）1.(2023河南省九师联盟高三联考)In 2013, nearly a _ (three) of its population was stil
52、l living under the absolute poverty line.2(2023上海长宁高三二模)A couple in their _ (seventy) living in London, UK can choose to play golf in councilrun courses costing from 10 each time.3(2023湖南省邵阳市武冈市统考)Water shortage is one of the greatest crises facing us today, with two _ (three) of the global populati
53、on living in areas where water is scarce (稀缺的) for a month or more every year. 【易混易错】1.分数的表达法：分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是1的情况外，序数词都要用复数。1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一 three quarters=three fourths 四分之三2.常考固定表达法in ones thirties在某人30多岁(区别：in the thirt
54、ies在30年代)an eight-year-old boy一个八岁的男孩a 100-meter-long bridge一座100米长的桥a ten-minute walk=ten minutes walk步行10分钟的路程考向3 考查倍数表达法 (2023江苏省南京市高三二模)Most Brits spend almost _ (two) as much of their leisure time socializing with others as they do being alone.【高频再现】1倍数as形容词(副词)原级as.。My income is twice as much
55、as yours.我的收入是你的2倍。2倍数the size/length/width/depth/height of.。My house is twice the size of his.我的房子是他的两倍大。3倍数that of。The size of my house is twice that of his.我的房子是他的两倍大。In this factory, the output of July is 4 times that of January.这个工厂七月份的产量是一月份的四倍。4倍数比较级than。The output of cars in 2012 is 4 times
56、greater than that of 2011.2012年小轿车产量是2011年的5倍。数词考点的必备知识：1. 基数词和序数词的相互转换一般来说，序数词是由相应的基数词词尾加th构成。十位整数序数词的构成方法是将y变为i，再加e t h。两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。此外，常考的基数词、序数词一般会在100以内，具体见下表。onefirst twosecond threethird fourfourth fivefifth sixsixth sevenseventh eighteighth nineninth tententh eleveneleventh t
57、welvetwelfth thirteenthirteenth fourteenfourteenth fifteenfifteenth sixteensixteenth seventeenseventeenth eighteeneighteenth nineteennineteenth twentytwentieth thirtythirtieth fortyfortieth fiftyfiftieth sixtysixtieth seventyseventieth eightyeightieth ninetyninetieth2. 与数词相关的表达法分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。
58、除了分子是1的情况外，序数词都要用复数。表示某人的大约年龄，即“几十多岁”时，使用基数词的复数形式。“in sb.s整十的基数词的复数”意为“在某人几十多岁时”。如：in his fifties。当hundred, thousand, million, billion前面有基数词时，用单数形式，词尾不加-s；前面有many, several, a few修饰时，仍用单数形式。如：several billion years。“数词普通名词形容词”构成的合成形容词中，数词和普通名词都要用单数形式。3. 易混易错数词考点序数词前有时可用不定冠词a/an，此时不强调顺序。“a/an序数词”相当于ano
59、ther，表示“又一个，再一个”。Youd better try a third time.你最好再试一次。表示“许多，大量；一些”的词和短语特征词语备注只修饰可数名词a few, quite a few, many, a good many，a large number of, dozens of, scores of， hundreds of, thousands of, millions of作主语时，谓语动词用复数只修饰不可数名词a little, much， a great deal of, a large amount of作主语时，谓语动词用单数既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数
60、名词a lot of, lots of, plenty of作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式根据名词来定a large quantity of作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式由后面的名词决定large quantities of作主语时，谓语动词用复数数词考点的关键能力：在具体语境中使用数词时，应注意以下几点：1需要使用数词时，要先看清是使用该词的基数词形式还是序数词形式。2使用序数词时，注意前面要有定冠词the。3注意固定用法中的数词的使用及与冠词、介词的搭配，如in the 1820s，in his 30s，thousands of等。【2024年高考命题预测】根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：（
61、1）考查基数词和序数词的相互转换；（2）考查数词的常用表达法；（3）考查倍数的常用句型；（4）表示数量的短语。预测考向1 基数词和序数词的相互转换1.（2023重庆育才中学）The reason for that can date back to the _ (one) half of the 1900s when reading from right to left was still the customary way in China. 2.（2023衡水中学高三调研）Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteent
62、h and early _ (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.预测考向2 数词常用表达法1(2023重庆育才中学高三期中测试)The reason for that can date back to the _ (one) half of the 1900s when reading from right to left was still the customary way in China. 2The Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations says about one _ (three) of the food produced worldwide each year is wasted or lost.3(山东省滨州市二模)A woman in her _ (sixty) told him her husband had died of cancer a week earlier.
