1、一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1welfare n 福利；福利事业2project n.项目；工程；规划3institute n.学会；学院；协会4specialist n.专家；专业工作者5shade n 荫；阴凉处vt.遮住光线6bond n.联系；关系；结合；纽带7nest n.巢；窝8outspoken adj.直言的；坦诚9career n 事业；生涯10modest adj.谦虚的；谦让的；适度的11determination n.决心；果断12chimp n.(非洲)黑猩猩.核心词汇写其形1campaign n 运动；战役vi.作战；参加运动2worthw
2、hile adj.值得的；值得做的3childhood n.童年；幼年时代4respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意5crowd n.人群；观众vt.挤满；使拥挤6audience n.观众；听众；读者7generation n.一代；一辈8deliver vt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)9emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况10rate n.比率；速度.拓展词汇通其变1achieve vt.完成；达到achievement n成就；功绩2connect vt.连接connection n连接；关系3organize vt.组织organization n组织；机构；团
3、体4behave vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现behavio(u)r n行为；举止；习性5observe vt.观察；观测；遵守observation n观察；观测；监视6argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争论argument n争论；争辩；争吵7inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示inspired adj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的inspiration n灵感；鼓舞8refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考reference n提及；涉及；参考；查阅9sick adj.生病的sickness n疾病；恶心10intend vt.计划；打算inten
4、tion n打算；目的；意图11consider v考虑；认为considerate adj.考虑周到的consideration n考虑；体谅considering prep.考虑到12entertain vt.款待；使快乐entertainment n款待；娱乐；娱乐表演13support n&vt.支持，拥护supporter n支持者14kind adj.仁慈的，好意的kindness n仁慈；好意1.以-ation 为后缀的高频名词集锦inspiration 灵感；鼓舞consideration考虑；体谅celebration庆祝；庆典appreciation欣赏；感激expecta
5、tion期望congratulation祝贺2.以-ist 为后缀的高频名词全接触artist 艺术家specialist专家；专业工作者pianist钢琴家tourist游客scientist科学家journalist记者3.“鼓舞；激励”家族inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞encourage vt.鼓励；激励encouragement n.鼓励；激励motivate vt.激发；激励motivation n.激发；激励(二)重点短语记牢用活1move_off 离开；起程；出发2lead_a.life过着的生活3crowd_in(想法、问题等)涌上
6、心头；涌入脑海4look_down_upon/on蔑视；瞧不起5refer_to查阅；参考；谈到6by_chance碰巧；凑巧7come_across(偶然)遇见；碰见8carry_on继续；坚持9devote.to.献身于；专心于10work_out解决；锻炼身体；结果是1.“v.off”短语速记move off 离开；起程；出发pay off还清；取得好结果put off推迟give off发出(光、热、气味等)take off起飞；脱掉set off出发；爆炸2.“v.on”短语小结carry on 继续；坚持depend on依赖；依靠take on呈现go on继续put on穿上r
7、ely on依赖；依靠(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句 句型 1：“only状语”位于句首时的部分倒装Only after her mother came to help her for the first few monthswas_she_allowed to begin her project.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。句型 2：once 引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦就”Once_I_stop,_it all comes crowding in and I remember thechimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会
8、涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。句型 3：“It hits/hit sb.从句”表示“某人突然想起”Suddenly it_hit_me_how_difficult_it_was for a womanto get medical training at that time.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。句型 4：It is/was.that/who.强调句Further reading made me realize thatit_was_hard_work_and_determination as well as hergentle nature that got
9、 her into medical school.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1(2019全国卷书面表达)I learned Chinese painting for more than ten years in mychildhood(童年)2(2017江苏卷书面表达)The quality of life has improved and watching films is regardedas a good means of entertainment(娱乐)3Tom,the top stude
10、nt of our class,thinks studying is a very worthwhile(值得做的)work.4The Chinese people observe(庆祝)the Spring Festival from generation to generation.5The headmaster delivered(发表)an important speech at the meeting yesterday,which left adeep impression on his students.6(2018天津卷)The possibility that there i
11、s life on other planets in the universe has alwaysinspired(激励)scientists to explore the outer space.7On the National Day,the streets are crowded(crowd)with a large number of people.8There is little connection(connect)between the two boys even though they look muchalike.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019浙江卷 6 月
12、七选五)They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene inEngland.They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as showbusiness legends(传说)相当地2(2019江苏卷阅读 C)Understanding technological trends is very important for correctlydesigning economic policies，both at the national and
13、the international levels，and for making theright career choices at the individual level.事业；生涯3(2018全国卷阅读 B)With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna andMatt spend time with a different family each week.In tonights Easter special they come to theaid of a family in need of some delicious
14、inspiration on a budget.The team transforms thefamilys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.妙计.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune,while the poor manintended to learn some skills of earning money.(intend)2Listening to
15、his inspiring speech,we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us notonly hope but also inspiration(inspire)3He argued against smoking,and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking washarmful to health.At last,he argued us out of smoking.(argue)4It is considerate of you to take my appli
16、cation into consideration at your earlyconvenience.(consider)5I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a keyuniversity,which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement(achieve)6The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behavi
17、our in front ofothers.(behave).选词成篇intend for;carry on with;live an active life;deliver a speech;refer to;behave oneselfFu Xiuying,a famous woman writer who graduated from our school，1.delivered_a_speechon the importance of reading books.She argued that we should form the habit of reading.In herspee
18、ch,she 2.referred_to the campaign she launched last year to raise peoples awareness ofreading.She said,once we determined to read a book,we should 3.carry_on_with it.Afterlistening to her speech,I was greatly moved.It hit me that I was supposed to buy Fu Xiuyingsbook 4.intended_for senior students.I
19、n her book,Fu shares her feelings and ideas with us aboutteaching children how to 5.behave_themselves and learn to respect others.She inspires us to6.live_an_active_life no matter what happens.I think it is worthwhile reading her book.完成句子1(2018全国卷书面表达)只有你很好地了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪你才能表现得体。Onlyyouhaveabetterunde
20、rstandingofChinesetablemannerscan_you_behave_properly2(2017全国卷书面表达)事实上，一旦你掌握了方法，剪纸就不难学了。As a matter of fact,papercutting is easy to learn once_you_master_the_methods3住院一个星期后，我突然意识到没有什么比健康更重要。After I was in hospital for a week,it_hit_me_that nothing was more important thanhealth.4俗话说，熟能生巧。只有这样我们才能提高我
21、们的英语口语。Astheoldsayinggoes,practicemakesperfect.Itisonlyinthiswaythat_we_can_improve_our_oral_Englishbehave vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现基础练习单句语法填空Personally,it is completely wrong of him to behave towards/to others and life with such anattitude.Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave t
22、hemselves(they)能力提升微写作(2018全国卷书面表达)就我个人而言，我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的举止。As far as Im concerned,all of us should mind_our_behaviour_in_public_places(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb.对待某人好/差 behave oneself守规矩；表现得体(2)behavio(u)r n.举止；行为 佳句背诵 Meanwhile,it is necessary for the government to encourage people to beha
23、veproperly in public places.与此同时，政府有必要鼓励人们在公共场所的行为举止要适当。observe vt.观察；观测；遵守；注意到；庆祝一词多义写出下列句中 observe 的含义Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝(2019天津卷)We can observe that artifi
24、cial intelligence has already made an impact onour lives in many ways.观察到The thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意到能力提升完成句子在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从海上升起。OnthetopofMountainTai,peopleexcitedlyobserved_the_sun_(was)_rising_from_the_seaobserve sb.do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程)observe sb.doing sth.观察某人正在做某事
25、observe that.观察 observe the traffic rules遵守交通规则 observe Christmas庆祝圣诞节佳句背诵 In a word,there are so many disadvantages of Internet voting that it is not worthtrusting.Therefore,rules should be worked out and strictly observed.总之，网上投票有很多缺点，不值得信任。因此，应该制定规则并严格遵守。(江苏卷书面表达)respect vt.尊敬；尊重 n细节；方面；敬意；问候基础练习
26、单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义(2018全国卷书面表达)In China,we attach great importance to respecting(respect)theelderly.China is developing very rapidly in all respects and were all proud of our motherland.方面能力提升完成句子/句式升级 Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice,out_of_respect_for_farmers
27、_labor(出于对农民劳动的尊敬)(普通表达)We respect our English teacher.Her modesty and good behaviour make a deepimpression on us.(高级表达)Weshow_respect_forourEnglishteacherwhose_modesty_and_good_behaviour_make_a_deep_impression_on_us(替换加黑词；升级为定语从句)(1)respect sb.for sth.因某事而尊重某人(2)have/show respect for sb.尊重某人 out of
28、 respect for.出于对的尊敬(3)give/send ones respects to sb.向某人表示敬意 佳句背诵 When I have a different opinion，I may choose to give it up and respect theopinion of the majority.当我有不同的意见时，我可能会选择放弃并尊重多数人的意见。名师点津 (1)respect 表示“细节；方面”时为可数名词；(2)respect 表示“敬意；问候”时，多用复数形式。argue vi.&vt.讨论；辩论；争论；证明；说服；主张基础练习单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含
29、义How I regretted arguing with her about the important question,which made us all unhappy.After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without argument(argue)(2017浙江卷 6 月)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join thesociety and promote understanding across cultur
30、es.主张能力提升一句多译我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。We tried many ways to_argue_him_into_following our advice,but in vain.(argue)We tried many ways to_persuade_him_to_follow/into_following our advice,but invain.(persuade)We tried many ways to_talk_him_into_following our advice,but in vain.(talk)We tried many ways t
31、o_convince_him_to_follow our advice,but in vain.(convince)(1)argue for.为而争论；赞成 argue against.争辩/反对 argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事(2)argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事(3)argument n.争论；争辩；争吵；论点 佳句背诵 Its no use arguing with him about the question for he wont change his mind.和他争论这个问题是没有用
32、的，因为他不会改变主意。联想发散“说服某人做某事”的表达形式：persuade sb.to_do sth.；persuade sb.into_doing sth.；convince sb.to_do sth.；talk sb.into_doing sth.support n&vt.支持；拥护基础练习单句语法填空/同义词替换Supported(support)by the government，the research eventually turned out to be a greatsuccess.Supporting such a large family is really a hea
33、vy load for her.Feeding能力提升微写作(2019天津卷)汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparentsopinionunless_he_wants_their_support(1)support a family 养家糊口 support oneself自力更生(2)in support of sb.支持某人(3)supporter n.支持者佳句背诵 Only a few people were in support of his plan,which made him
34、 verydisappointed.只有几个人支持他的计划，这使他很失望。Supported by you,we can surely win in the robotic competition.在你的支持下，我们在机器人比赛中肯定会赢。(2018天津卷)intend vt.计划；打算基础练习单句语法填空 To improve our English and get more students interested in English,I intendto_organize/organizing(organize)some activities.This program was set u
35、p with an intention(intend)of providing help to homeless people.能力提升一句多译(2018北京卷书面表达)这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课程而闻名。Theuniversityisknownforitslanguageandculturecourseswhich_is_intended_for_international_students(定语从句)Theuniversityisknownforitslanguageandculturecoursesintended_for_international_students(分词作
36、定语)(1)intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.本来打算做某事(2)be intended to do sth.打算做某事 be intended for.专门为；专门给(3)with an/the intention of抱有的目的；打算 佳句背诵 I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in thecou
37、ntryside.我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到它是为农村妇女而写的。look down upon/on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起基础练习用 look 的相关短语填空Therefore，there is no reason for us to look_down_upon ordinary jobs.I like to look_back_on my high school days,which were the happiest in my life.The reason why I look_up_to the artist is that his works are inspiring.能力提升
38、微写作(2019全国卷书面表达)我热烈欢迎您和您的演出。同时，我期待着尽快收到您的回信。Id like to express my warm welcome to you and your performances.Meanwhile,I_am_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you_as_soon_as_possiblelook up to 尊敬；仰视 look forward to盼望；期待 look into调查；观察；窥视 look up抬头看；查阅 look back on回忆；回顾 look out(for.)注意；留意 look through浏览
39、；仔细查看 佳句背诵 With the development of science and technology,China has become a powerfulcountry.The days are gone when Chinese people were looked down upon.随着科学技术的发展，中国已经成为一个强大的国家。中国人被瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。refer to 提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交；把称作一词多义写出下列句中 refer to 的含义If you dont know the exact meaning of the word,you may
40、 refer to the dictionary.查阅；参考We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及People who work in offices are usually referred to as“white collar workers”把称作As the situation was unusual,he referred the matter to the editor.把提交给(1)refer to.as.把称作 refer.to.把提交给(2)reference n.提
41、及；参考；查阅 reference book参考书；工具书 佳句背诵 The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while themagazines serve as reading materials.课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。carry on 继续；坚持；进行(生意、谈话等)基础练习单句语法填空Youll have an accident if you carry on driving(drive)like that.First of all,the most significant th
42、ing is to set a goal,work out a plan and carry out yourplan step by step.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)If you continue working like that，you will break down sooner or later.(高级表达)If you carry_on working like that,you will break down sooner or later.carry onwith sth.doing sth.继续做某事（相当于go on with）carry out实行；执行；进行；履行
43、(诺言、义务等)佳句背诵 I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to carry on aconversation with her.我讨厌工作时她给我打电话我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。(天津卷)once 引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦就”(教材 P2)Once I stop,it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。基础练习完成句子Once_you_begin_to
44、_do_something(一旦你开始做某事),you must carry on with it,otherwise you will never achieve anything.You will be successful in the interview once_you_have_confidence(一旦你有自信心)能力提升句式升级(普通表达)Once it is lost,the good chance may never come again.(高级表达)Once_lost,_the good chance may never come again.(省略)(1)once 引导
45、条件状语从句，意为“一旦就”。(2)若 once 引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有 be 动词的某种形式，可省略从句中的主语和 be 动词。佳句背诵 Once you have a good command of English,you will have an advantage overothers when you hunt for a job.一旦你精通英语，在找工作时你就比其他人有优势。“It hits/hit sb.从句”表示“某人突然想起”(教材 P6)Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to ge
46、t medical training at thattime.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。基础练习单句语法填空It happens that he told me not to depend on fortune,but on conduct.能力提升一句多译(全国卷书面表达)我突然想到我忘记我们的约定了。It_hit_me_that I had forgotten our appointment.It_occurred_to_me_that I had forgotten our appointment.It_struck_me_that I had forgotten
47、 our appointment.it 作形式主语的其他常见句型：(1)It occurs to sb.that.某人突然想到(2)It strikes sb.that.某人突然想到(3)It happens that.碰巧 佳句背诵 It hit me why my mother didnt want to tell me that she was sick.我突然明白我母亲为什么不想告诉我她生病了。.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2019浙江卷 6 月概要写作)We should especially recognize our childrens efforts
48、to pushthemselves and work hard to_achieve(achieve)a goal.2(2018全国卷语法填空)Once his message was_delivered(deliver),he allowed me tostay and watch.3Having a large family to_support(support),he took up two parttime jobs in his sparetime.4(2019天津卷)I was extremely inspired(inspire)by the elegant way the wo
49、rds sounded.5(2019全国卷)Recently,people have begun studying the connection(connect)betweenthe natural world and healing(治愈)6Our English teacher is_respected(respect)for her kindness and broad knowledge.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1He managed to confirm that it was worthwhile to_start/starting(s
50、tart)a campaign toprotect our environment.2When you make a speech,youd better prepare for it well in advance and not refer to yournotes too often.3It was at dawn that Bruce was observed to_leave(leave)the building and take a taxi away.4Once students decide which college to go to，they should research
51、 the admissionprocedures.5(2017全国卷语法填空)But Sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.She is determined to carry on with hereducation.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1Chinese people observe the Spring Festival in the same way that western peop
52、le celebrateChristmas Day.vt.庆祝2(江苏卷)With the development of the society,Internet voting has become more and morepopular,gradually affecting peoples life in all respects.n.方面3The coat was sold at a modest price so I bought it at once.adj.合情合理的提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)(一)My mother is a 1.r
53、espected(respect)woman,who never looks 2.down upon any people.Besides,she is so strict with me that she always reminds me not to refer 3.to notes in the exam.Now I have grown up and become more independent,but 4.once I come across setbacks,mymother will always encourage me to carry 5.on.Therefore,it
54、 hits me 6.that nobody is happier thanme because I have such a good mother.(二)As is well known,the surroundings where a child is brought up are in 1.connection(connect)with the formation of good 2.behaviour(behave).Last month,a program began in our communitywith the 3.intention(intend)of helping chi
55、ldren form good public behaviour.A famous professordelivered an 4.inspiring(inspire)speech.He called on adults to set good examples for children bybeing 5.considerate(consider)and thoughtful to others.提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，题目是“The Most Impressive Woman in My Life”，请你写一篇稿件，投给校
56、英文报。内容包括：这位女士的特点；这位女士给你的影响。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)谈到我生命中印象最深的女士，我突然想到我的英语老师赵老师，她是最令人印象深刻的一个人。Whenitcomestothemostimpressivewomaninmylife,it_hits_me_that_my_English_teacher_Miss_Zhao_is_the_most_impressive_one作为教师，她毕生致力于教学。As a teacher,she_has_devoted_her_whole_life_to_teaching她写了许多文章，有些文章是针对英语薄弱的学生的。S
57、hehaswrittenmanyarticles,andsomeofthemare_intended_for_students_poor_in_English她对所有学生的关爱和体贴让她深受尊重。The_kindness_and_consideration she shows to all students make her highly respected在她的鼓舞和帮助下，我表现得很好并进步很大。With_her_inspiration_and_help,_I_have_behaved_well_and_achieved_much.无可争辩，赵老师就是一位让我印象深刻并赢得我尊重的老师。I
58、t_is_beyond_argument_that_Miss_Zhao_is_the_one_who_impresses_me_most_and_wins_my_respect.2升级平淡句利用“介词which”引导非限制性定语从句升级句She_has_written_many_articles,_some_of_which_are_intended_for_students_poor_in_English.利用强调句升级句It_is_the_kindness_and_consideration_she_shows_to_all_students_that_make_her_highly_re
59、spected.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：besides，most importantly)_One possible version：The Most Impressive Woman in My LifeWhen it comes to the most impressive woman in my life,it hits me that my English teacherMiss Zhao is the most impressive one.As a teacher,she has devoted her whole life to teaching.Besides
60、,she has written manyarticles,some of which are intended for students poor in English.Most importantly,it is thekindness and consideration she shows to all students that make her highly respected.With herinspiration and help,I have behaved well and achieved much.It is beyond argument that Miss Zhao
61、is the one who impresses me most and wins myrespect.(建议用时：35 分钟).阅读理解A(2020 温州适应性测试)Stan Lee,cofounder of the MarvelUniverse(漫 威 宇 宙)and co-creator of many of its most popularsuperheroes,died at the age of 95.Lee was born Stanley Martin Lieber in New York in 1922.As a sonof working-class Jewish immi
62、grants from Romania,times were hard andhe lived with his family in a shabby singlebedroom apartment.After graduating from high schoolat 16,Lieber landed a job as an assistant at Timely Comics.By the early 1940s,he was atemporary editor for the company.It was at this time that he began using his pen
63、nameStan Lee.In 1947,two years after returning from serving for the U.S.Army,Lee married his wife,Joan.The two began their 70year marriage and had two children.In the late 1950s,DC Comics breathed new life into its classic superhero and experienced asignificant success with its updated version of th
64、e Flash,and later with superteam the JusticeLeague of America.To compete against DC Comics,Lee was given the task of creating their own group ofsuperheroes.In 1961,Timely Comics changed its name into Marvel Comics after Atlas Comics,and that November saw the debut(首次亮相)of the Fantastic Four.Lees lat
65、er famous and lastingcreations of comic-book superheroes included Spider-Man,the Hulk,Thor,Iron Man and the XMen.Over the course of his career,Lee was an icon of Marvel Comics.As a writer and editor and,at various points,both the publisher and vice president of Marvel Comics,Lee not only introducedi
66、nteresting characters to the industry,but changed the way that comic books came together.Healso created a cooperative workflow between writers and artists,which became known as the“Marvel Method”.Lee received a National Medal of Arts in 2008 for his innovations thatrevolutionized American comic book
67、s.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了漫威创始人斯坦李富于传奇色彩的一生。作为一名漫威创始人，他对美国的漫画进行了革新，创造了许多超级英雄，荣获了国家艺术奖章。1What do we know about Lee from paragraph 2?AHe served for the US.Army for two years.BHe suffered from an unfortunate marriage.CHe had a tough and struggling childhood.DHe adopted his pen name at the age of 16.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第
68、二段中的“As a son of working-class Jewish immigrantsfrom Romania,times were hard and he lived with his family in a shabby singlebedroomapartment.as an assistant at Timely Comics.”可知，斯坦李拥有一个艰辛的童年，故选 C 项。2What does the underlined word“icon”in the last paragraph mean?AStatue.BAgent.CAssistant.DSymbol.D 解析：
69、词义猜测题。最后一段介绍了斯坦李的成就，作为漫威宇宙的创始人之一，斯坦李可以算是美漫历史上最伟大的人物之一，没有他可能就没有现在的漫威世界，所以他可以被称为是漫威宇宙的标志。由此可推知，icon 意为“标志”，故选 D 项。3What can be the best title for the text?AStan Lee,the Godfather of Marvel ComicsBThe Development of Marvel ComicsCStan Lee,a Superhero in Comic BooksDThe Popular Superheroes of Marvel Com
70、icsA 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了漫威创始人之一斯坦李的传奇一生，他对美国漫画的影响力是令人瞩目的，他生前所创作的经典作品在世界上都可以称作是顶级的文化品牌，所以他被称为漫威之父。godfather 意为“开拓者；发起者；创始人”，故选 A 项。B(2020杭州四校联考)You cant see your sleeping pets brain waves,but its behavior can tell you when your cat might be dreaming.If youwatch closely,youll see that as she falls a
71、sleep,her breathing becomesslow and regular with her body still.She has entered the first stage ofsleep,called slowwave sleep.After about 15 minutes youll notice a change in her breathing.Hereyes move under her closed lids,her paws twitch(抽动)and she flicks(轻拂)an ear.She hasentered dreaming.Although
72、she twitches and makes little grunting noises,messages from herbrain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked,so she cant run about.She is in a state of“sleep paralysis(麻痹)”Michel Jouvet,a French scientist,interrupted their sleep paralysis.Even though they werecompletely asleep,the dreaming cats
73、 began to run for balls that Jouvet couldnt see and archedtheir backs at unseen enemies.He figured he was watching them act out their dreams!Obviously,the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills:following,pouncing,and fighting.In another study,Matt Wilson recorded rats brain waves
74、 while they learned mazes.One day,he left the brainwaverecording machine on while the rats fell asleep.The pattern of brain wavesin the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure outexactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!Many researchers n
75、ow think that in both people and animals,one purpose of dreams is topractise important skills and figure out recent learning.This may explain why so many peopledream about fighting and escaping,skills that were probably important to our ancestors,and whydreaming affects our ability to learn.Do all a
76、nimals dream?From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals,how oftenanimals dream seems to be tied to body size.Cats dream about every 15 minutes,mice every 9minutes,and elephants every 2 hours.And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up,theyonly dream when lying down.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研
77、究发现，动物和人类一样，也经常会做梦，梦的内容常常跟学习重要的技能和弄清最近学习的东西相关；体型越小的动物，做梦的频率越高。4What does Michel Jouvet find in his study?AThe dreaming cats are in a state of body paralysis.BThe dreaming cats often practise their important skills.CThe eyes of dreaming cats move while bodies are still.DThe legs of the dreaming cats
78、cant move.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Obviously,the dreaming cats seemed to bepractising important cat skills：following,pouncing,and fighting.”可知，这些做梦的猫似乎在练习重要的猫科动物技能：跟随、猛扑和打斗。据此可知，Michel Jouvet 在研究中发现，睡梦中的猫经常训练重要的技能，故 B 项正确。5What can you know about dreaming from the passage?ADreaming a lot can help humans l
79、earn more.BLearning mazes is the basic skill for cats to learn.CRats often dream to work out their recent learning.DFighting and escaping are not important skills for ancestors.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Many researchers now think that in bothpeople and animals，one purpose of dreams is to practise importan
80、t skills and figure out recentlearning.”可知，许多研究人员现在认为，无论是人还是动物，做梦的一个目的都是练习重要的技能，并弄清最近学习的东西；据此可推知，老鼠经常通过做梦来弄清楚最近学习的东西，故 C 项正确。6How does the author develop his passage?ABy making comparisons.BBy using figures.CBy telling stories.DBy showing facts.D 解析：写作手法题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Although she twitches and makes l
81、ittlegrunting noises,messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked,so she cant run about.”并结合全文其他内容可知，文中列举了大量事实来说明动物做梦的现象，从而组织文章，故 D 项正确。【难句分析】If you watch closely,youll see that as she falls asleep,her breathingbecomes slow and regular with her body still.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中 If yo
82、u watch closely 为 if 引导的条件状语从句；that as shefalls asleep,her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still 为 that 引导的宾语从句，作及物动词 see 的宾语，其中 as she falls asleep 为 as 引导的时间状语从句。译文：如果你仔细观察，你会发现，当她睡着时，她的呼吸变得缓慢而有规律，而她的身体却静止不动。.完形填空When Markita was little,her mother said to her,“Ill work hard to mak
83、e enough money tosend you to a famous college.When you _1_，youll earn enough money to take me to travelaround the world.”At the age of thirteen,Markita _2_ in her Girl Scout magazine that whoever sold the mostcookies would win an allexpenses-paid _3_ for two around the world.Then she decided to_4_ i
84、n the activity.But a _5_ desire is not enough.To make her dream come true,Markitaasked some _6_ from her aunt.“Always wear your Girl Scout _7_，”her aunt advised.“When you are doing _8_，dress like you are doing _9_.Smile to people.Whether they buy or not always be _10_”Lots of other female classmates
85、 also _11_ to win that trip but only Markita made it.Sheworked in her uniform each day,going doortodoor after school.The painfully shy Markita_12_ herself into a cookie-selling expert.She _13_ sold 3，526 boxes of Girl Scout cookiesthat year and _14_ her free trip around the world with her mother.Mar
86、kita is no _15_ than thousands of other people.The only _16_ is that she has foundthe secret of success:Courage to ask!Many people fail before they try _17_ they do not havecourage to face the fear of _18_，which leads many of us to _19_ our dreams.As Markita has _20_，courage is not the absence of fe
87、ar.It is doing what it takes despiteones fear.【解题导语】13 岁的时候，Markita 得知帮助女童子军杂志卖饼干最多的人会获得免费全球双人游的机会，她想赢得这个机会，后来在自己的努力下，她实现了愿望。1A.withdrawBgraduateCprogressDstudyB 解析：根据上文中的“make enough money to send you to a famous college”可推知，此处表示：当你毕业了，你能赚足够的钱，带我去环游世界。故选 B。2A.heardBcheckedCwroteDreadD 解析：根据该句中的“mag
88、azine”可知，Markita 是在杂志上读到这则消息的。故选 D。3A.tripBrentCscholarshipDinsuranceA 解析：根据下文的“her free trip”可知，只要卖得饼干最多，就可以获得两人免费旅游的机会。故选 A。4A.bringBcallCtakeDparticipateD 解析：根据下文的内容可知，她决定参加这个活动。故选 D。5A.fadingBsurprisingCboringDburningD 解析：根据上下文内容可知，只有一个强烈的(burning)愿望是不够的。故选 D。6A.donationsBschedulesCsuggestionsDe
89、ffortsC 解析：根据下文中的“her aunt advised”可知，她向她的姑母寻求一些建议。故选 C。7A.uniformBsweaterCovercoatDblouseA 解析：根据第四段第二句中的“She worked in her uniform each day”可知，她的姑母建议她穿上女童子军的制服。故选 A。8A.scienceBbusinessChomeworkDresearchB 解析：根据下文的“Smile to people.”可知，这里讲述的是推销商品时的礼节。由此可知，她的姑母建议她在做生意(business)的时候，穿着要像认真(seriously)做生意的
90、样子。9A.naturallyBcomfortablyCseriouslyDcasuallyC 解析：参见上题解析。A 项意为“自然地”；B 项意为“舒适地”；C 项意为“认真地”；D 项意为“随意地”。10A.friendlyBcarefulCcautiousDstrictA 解析：根据前一句“Smile to people.”并结合语境可知，无论他们买不买你的东西，要总是对他们友好。故选 A。11A.rememberedBpretendedCtriedDmanagedC 解析：根据下文中的“but only Markita made it”可知，Markita 的许多女同学也在努力赢得这次
91、旅行，但只有她成功了。故选 C。12A.admittedBtransformedCinvolvedDcheatedB 解析：根据上文中的“going door-to-door after school”可推知，Markita 每天放学后挨家挨户地推销饼干，她已经将非常害羞的自己转变为一个饼干推销专家。故选 B。13A.firmlyBsimplyCimmediatelyDsuccessfullyD 解析：根据上文的“only Markita made it”以及“a cookie-selling expert”可知，那年她成功地(successfully)卖掉了 3 526 盒女童子军饼干，赢得
92、(gained)了和母亲一起免费环游世界的机会。故选 D。14A.gainedBdiscussedCadvertisedDpromisedA 解析：参见上题解析。15A.richerBsmarterCweakerDquieterB 解析：根据下文中的“she has found the secret of success:Courage to ask”可知，Markita并不比其他人更聪明(smarter)，她与其他人唯一的差别(difference)就是她找到了成功的秘密，即要有问的勇气。16A.hardshipBdifferenceCconditionDobstacleB 解析：参见上题解
93、析。17A.untilBwhileCalthoughDbecauseD 解析：根据该空后的“they do not have courage to face the fear of _”可知，很多人在尝试之前就失败了，因为他们没有勇气去面对被拒绝的恐惧，这也导致我们中的很多人放弃了自己的梦想。故选 D。18A.unemploymentBenvironmentCrejectionDdistanceC 解析：此处指他们没有勇气去面对被拒绝的恐惧。C 项意为“拒绝”，符合语境。19A.give upBrun afterCput awayDgo throughA 解析：此处指我们中的很多人放弃了自己的梦想。故选 A。20A.suspectedBimaginedCdiscoveredDforecastC 解析：根据上文的“she has found the secret of success:Courage to ask”可知，Markita发现了成功的秘密；由此可知，此处表示：如同 Markita 所发现的那样，勇气并不是无所畏惧。故选 C。
