1、课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点描写cry的高级表达一、多样表达1moan v. 呻吟； 以呻吟声说出moan loudly with pain 痛得大声呻吟give a loud moan 大声地呻吟了一声2sob v. 呜咽； 发呜咽声sob uncontrollably 不由自主地抽噎起来sob oneself to sleep 啜泣着入睡3weep v. 流泪；(通常因悲伤)哭泣weep tears for joy 喜极而泣weep for misfortune 为不幸而悲叹4choke v. (尤指感情激动而)哽咽say in a choked voice 声音哽咽地说5burst
2、into tearsburst out crying 突然大哭6get mistyeyed 泪眼模糊7bring tears to ones eyes 令人落泪8shed tears 流泪； 洒泪二、佳句观摩1Suddenly she gave a low, choking moan and began to tremble violently.突然，她发出了一声低沉而哽咽的呻吟，然后开始剧烈地颤抖起来。2I heard a child sobbing loudly.我听见有个孩子在呜呜地哭。3She wept bitter tears of disappointment.她失望得痛哭流涕。4
3、She choked up when she began to talk about her mother.她开始谈起母亲时，便哽咽着说不出话来。5We all shed tears when I waved goodbye to them.我向他们挥手告别时，我们都流下了眼泪。6He got all mistyeyed whenever he heard that song.每当他听到那首歌时，他都泪眼模糊。三、佳句仿写1The injured man was lying on the ground, moaning受伤的人躺在地上呻吟着。2She began_to_sob_again,_b
4、urying her face in the pillow.她把脸埋在枕头里，又开始抽噎起来。3She burst_into_tears when she learned her failure in the exam.她一听说自己考试不及格就失声大哭。4The thought of his wasting all that training brought_tears_to_my_eyes一想到他浪费了所有的训练时光我就落泪。5He was profoundly moved and shed_tears他被深深地感动了，流下了眼泪。.阅读理解A语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会科学研究在深度睡眠
5、中学习新词汇Learning New Vocabulary During Deep SleepSleeping time is sometimes considered unproductive time.This raises the question whether the time spent during sleeping could be used more productively，e.g.for learning a new language？Sleep research to date focused on the stabilization and strengthening
6、 of memories that had been formed during previous wakefulness.However，learning during sleep has rarely been examineDThere is considerable evidence for wakelearned information undergoing revision by a replay in the sleeping brain.The replay during sleep strengthens the still weak memory traces and em
7、beds (嵌入) the newly acquired information in the preexisting store of knowledge.If the replay during sleep improves the storage of wakelearned information，then firstplay，i.e.the initial processing of new information，should also be possible during sleep.The research group of Katharina Henke examined w
8、hether a sleeping person is able to form new semantic associations between played foreign words and translation words during the brain cells active states，the socalled “Upstates”It turned out to be that what they thought was reasonable.When we reach deep sleep stages，our brain cells progressively co
9、ordinate their activity.During deep sleep，the brain cells are commonly active for a brief period of time before they jointly enter into a state of brief inactivity.The active state is called “Upstate” and the inactive state “Downstate”The two states alternate (交替) about every halfseconDNew evidence
10、for sleeplearning challenges current theories of sleep and theories of memory.The concept of sleep as an encapsulated (被概括的) mental state，in which we are separated from the physical environment is no longer reasonable.“We could disprove that complex learning be impossible during deep sleep，” says Si
11、mon Ruch，cofirstauthor.“In how far and with what consequences deep sleep can be applied to the acquisition of new information will be a topic of research in upcoming years，” says Katharina Henke.The research group of Katharina Henke is part of the Interfaculty Research Cooperation (IRC).Thirteen res
12、earch groups in medicine，biology，psychology and information science are part of the IRCThe aim of these research groups is to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in sleep，consciousness and cognition.文章大意：文章通过一项研究论证了在深度睡眠中学习新词汇的可能性。1What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A“Upstate”
13、and “Downstate” appear in turn during deep sleep.B“Upstates” is another name for the brain cells active states.CSemantic associations are important for language learning.DThe brain cells active states are central for sleeplearning.解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段前两句“The research group of Katharina Henke examineD.th
14、e socalled UpstatesIt turned out to be that what they thought was reasonable.”可知，研究小组研究了睡觉的人能否在脑细胞活跃状态下，在被播放的外来词和翻译词之间形成新的语义联系。结果证明他们的想法是合理的。据此可推知，当大脑处于“Upstates”时，可以进行语言学习。在这个过程中，大脑细胞的活跃状态起着主要作用。故答案是D。2What will researchers do within several years according to the passage?AMake study in the followi
15、ng fields such as medicine and biology.BSeparate us from the physical environment.CApply deep sleep to information learning.DDiscover the concept of sleep.解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“researchers”和“within several years”定位到文章的第四段。根据该段中的“In how far and with what consequences.will be a topic of research in upc
16、oming years”可知，在未来几年，在新信息的获得方面深度睡眠能运用到何种程度以及会有何种结果将是研究的主题。故答案是C。3What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo introduce a new way of vocabulary learning.BTo gain a better understanding of the mechanisms.CTo challenge current theories of sleep and theories of memory.DTo explain the possibility of voca
17、bulary learning during deep sleep.解析：D考查写作意图。第一段提出问题“This raises the question whether the time spent during sleeping could be used more productively，e.g.for learning a new language？”(是否可以更有效地利用睡眠时间，例如用于学习一种新语言？)；第二段回答该问题“then firstplay，i.e.the initial processing of new information，should also be pos
18、sible during sleep”(对新信息的初始处理，在睡眠期间也应该是可能的)；第三段通过研究提出证据证明了第二段的猜想。最后两段进行了补充说明。据此可知，本文是为了说明在深度睡眠中，学习新的词汇是可能的。故答案是D。4Where is this text most likely from?AA novel.BA guidebook.CA scientific research website.DA diary.解析：C考查文章出处。根据本文中出现的“Sleep research to date focused on” “There is considerable evidence”“
19、The research group”“The aim of these research groups”并结合文章主旨(在深度睡眠中学习新词汇方面的科学研究)可以推断出，本文可能出自一个科研网站，故选C。B语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我人生态度105岁的高龄老人玩过山车(2021合肥市高三第一次质检) I can proudly say that last year I broke the record for the oldest person in the world to ride a roller coaster.Im 105，but I feel younger.Even the
20、doctor agrees Im in good condition.Im a bit deaf and my legs feel weak，but they are the only issue.I rode the Twistosaurus at Flamingo Land，which spins you round quite fast.I didnt choose to go on that.Id have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.But I was told I couldnt ride something
21、like that，because it would affect my blood pressure and I might have some danger.I wasnt nervousI dont get frightened of anything.I was securely fastened，so I knew I wouldnt fall out.The roller coaster ride went on for three or four minutes，and it couldnt be a better experience.And I raised a lot of
22、 money for the Derbyshire，Leicestershire & Rutland Air Ambulance fund，which was fantastiCPeople were saying Id got a place in the Guinness World Records.Later，someone came to present me with the certificate.I had it on the wall in my living room，with another one I got a year earlier.My recordbreakin
23、g ways really began a couple of years ago，with the ice bucket challenge.It turned out that I was probably the oldest person in the world to do it，and the video was very popular.After that，I started to think about what else I could do to raise money for different charities.Im not sure if anyone admir
24、es all the fun Im having.They just say Im daft and thats about it.But Ive had many good days and many exciting times.Ive had a really good life.I dont think Ive wasted any of it.文章大意：本文讲述了世界上玩过山车年龄最大的老人的经历。他已经105岁，获得了吉尼斯世界纪录证书；此外，他还参加过“冰桶挑战”，为慈善组织募捐。他认为自己没有浪费人生，过得很充实。5Why didnt the author choose to
25、go on riding the Twistosaurus?ABecause he was told not to do so.BBecause he considered it too gentle.CBecause he thought it spun too fast.DBecause he was in a bad physical condition.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段第二、三句“I didnt choose to go on that.Id have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.”可知，作者没有选
26、择坐Twistosaurus，是因为他想要真正的快速翻转的过山车，即他认为Twistosaurus太过平缓，故B项正确。6How did the author most probably react while riding the roller coaster?AHe really enjoyed himself.BHe was very worried at first.CHe couldnt think much about it.DHe got frightened as it started moving.解析：A考查推理判断。根据第三段第三句“The roller coaster
27、ride went on for three or four minutes，and it couldnt be a better experience.”可知，乘坐过山车持续三到四分钟，作者认为这是一次再好不过的经历了。据此可推知，作者在坐过山车时很享受，故A项正确。7What do you know about the author from Paragraph 4?AHe was eager to get certificates.BHe disliked showing off his success.CHe was the oldest person in the worlDDHe
28、set a record the year before last year.解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“last year”和第四段的内容，尤其是尾句“I had it on the wall in my living room，with another one I got a year earlier.”可知，去年作者把这张吉尼斯世界纪录证书挂在客厅的墙上，还有一张是一年前挂的。据此可知，作者在前年也创造了一项纪录。8Which word can best describe the author?ACooperative. BOptimistiCCGenerous. DIntel
29、ligent.解析：B考查推理判断。根据尾段最后三句“But Ive had many good days and many exciting times.Ive had a really good life.I dont think Ive wasted any of it.”并结合文章描述的作者105岁还创造吉尼斯世界纪录可知，作者认为自己有过许多美好的日子和许多激动人心的时刻，他过得很好，没有浪费人生；据此可推知，作者是一个乐观的人，故B项正确。.七选五语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会健康笑疗法Many people believe that there is some truth in
30、the saying “Laughter is the best medicine.”1._Laughter helps relieve pain，strengthen the immune system and reduce stress.Laughter stimulates(激发)hormones which make us feel happy.Laughter also increases the flow of blood throughout the body and has benefits which are similar to the ones you get by do
31、ing exercise.2_ Children exposed to funny films and cartoons before major medical procedures are able to cope better with pain and anxiety.3._ These are professional clowns who are sent to hospitals and wards to entertain and distract sick children.Laughter therapy has become very popular in recent
32、years and as a result，more and more laughter clubs are starting to open up in cities and towns all over the worlDAt a laughter session，a trained therapist instructs the group to perform a series of exercises which are designed to produce laughter.4._ And it takes them some time to get rid of their i
33、nhibitions (拘谨).They might even start off with fake laughter，but this doesnt matter because our bodies cant tell the difference，and the results are the same.Moreover，laughter is contagious (有感染力的).5._So next time you feel ill，stressed out or depressed，try watching a funny film or try remembering an
34、amusing incident in your life.You will soon feel better.AIf one person starts giggling，it is unavoidable that everyone else will be drawn in.BLaughter helps you focus.CThis finding has led to socalled clown doctors.DIn fact，research done by scientists has shown that laughter has a lot of health bene
35、fits.ELaughter makes the world a better and more colorful place.FSome people may find the idea embarrassing at first.GUsing laughter therapy in childrens hospitals has proven to be invaluable.文章大意：笑对人体健康有诸多好处。笑疗法已被证明是非常有效的，全世界各地的专业的笑疗法治疗机构越来越多。1解析：D根据空前的“Laughter is the best medicine.”和空后的内容可知，笑对人体健
36、康有诸多好处，故D项“实际上，由科学家做出的研究表明笑对健康有很多益处”符合语境，承上启下。2解析：G根据空后一句可知，孩子在进行重大医疗手术之前，看滑稽的电影和卡通片能够更好地应付痛苦和焦虑，故G项“在儿童医院使用笑疗法被证明是极有用的”符合语境，且该项中的“childrens hospitals”与空后的“Children”呼应。3解析：C根据空后一句可知，这些都是专业的小丑，他们被派往医院和病房以逗乐生病的孩子，分散他们的注意力；故可推知，C项“这一调查结果导致了所谓的小丑医生的诞生”符合语境。4解析：F根据空后的“their inhibitions(拘谨)”可知，F项“这个主意刚开始可
37、能会让一些人难为情”符合语境，衔接下文。5解析：A根据空前一句可知，笑声是有感染力的，故A项“如果一个人开始咯咯地笑，其他人也会无法避免地跟着笑”符合语境，承接上文。.语法填空语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会文学翻译小说销量在英国上升Translated fiction sales in the United Kingdom 1._ (rise) by 5.5 percent last year，with growing demand for Chinese titles，said Nielsen Book on Wednesday.British newspaper The Guardian
38、featured Liu Cixins The ThreeBody Problem and Jin Yongs A Hero Born in its report on this trend，2._ (say) that both “sold strongly” in 2018.The research，by the International Booker Prize (formerly known as the Man Booker International Prize)，shows more than 2.6 million 3._ (copy) of translated title
39、s 4._ (sell) in 2018，at an estimated value of 20.7 million，the highest ever since Nielsen started the study in 2001.Fiammetta Rocco，from the International Booker Prize，said，“Reading fiction is one of the best ways we have of putting 5._ (we) in other peoples shoes.The rise in sales of translated fic
40、tion shows 6._ hungry so many British readers are for terrific writing from other countries.”To Anna Holmwood 7._ news is a signal that “a new era has arrived”Holmwood，who translated A Hero Born，told China Daily，“Its a big moment 8._ Chinese fiction abroaD”Holmwood has worked as a literary agent and
41、 9._ (translate) for nine years，and has seen firsthand how Chinese titles continue to gain a greater audience worldwide，10._ (particular) in the Englishspeaking worlD文章大意：本文主要介绍了在英国翻译小说销量上升，对中国小说需求增大。1解析：rose考查时态。根据空后的“last year”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填rose。2解析：saying考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，此处作伴随状语，say和
42、句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词形式saying。3解析：copies考查名词的单复数。copy此处意为“一册”，为可数名词，根据空前的“more than 2.6 million”可知，此处需填其复数形式，故填copies。4解析：were sold考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数形式，又因为时间是2018年，且谓语动词sell与主语是被动关系，故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were sold。5解析：ourselves考查反身代词。阅读小说是我们所拥有的最好的换位思考的方式之一。put oneself in other peop
43、les shoes“设身处地，处于某人的境地”是固定用法，又由句中的“we”和语境可知，此处应填ourselves。6解析：how考查副词。hungry是形容词，应用副词修饰，又根据语境可知，此处表示被翻译的小说销量的增长表明如此多的英国读者对来自其他国家的优秀文学作品是多么渴望。故填how。7解析：the考查冠词。对Anna Holmwood来说，这则消息是“新时代到来”的标志。根据语境可知，这则消息就是上文所讲的中国小说在英国销量好的情况，表示特指。故填the。8解析：for考查介词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处表示这对于走向国外的中国小说来说，是一个重要的时机。故填for。9解析：translator考查名词。根据本句中的“worked as a literary agent and”可知，空处词性应与agent相同，应填名词形式，又根据语境可知，此处表示Holmwood作为一名作品经纪人兼译员已经工作9年了。故填translator。10解析：particularly考查词形转换。修饰介词短语需用副词，故填particular的副词形式particularly。
