1、Section Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary课前自学导引拯救藏羚羊1994年1月一个滴水成冰的寒冷日子，杰桑索南达杰发现了他一直寻找的目标一群正在杀害濒临灭绝的藏羚羊的偷猎者。杰桑知道，他必须迅速行动。他大声地喊叫着，要偷猎者放下武器。偷猎者虽然感到惊慌，但他们占着人多的优势。在接下来的枪战中，杰桑被击中身亡。几小时后，人们发现了他冻僵的尸体，手中仍然紧握着枪。他为拯救藏羚羊献出了生命。20世纪初期，青藏高原上有数百万只藏羚羊。截止到20世纪90年代，藏羚羊的数目下降到了大约5万只。原因很简单：藏羚羊毛是世上最昂贵的毛皮。它又软又轻又暖和，是高海拔
2、地区动物赖以生存的理想皮毛。一条藏羚羊毛织成的披肩(名为“沙图什”，即波斯语中的“众毛之王”)，能卖到5,000美元。这对偷猎者来说利润是丰厚的。那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动，一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的幼崽。这些被猎杀的藏羚羊被就地剥皮，羊毛被运送到印度。在那里，藏羚羊毛被织成披肩，然后出口到北美和欧洲的富裕国家。这种贸易是完全违法的，自1975年以来一直被禁止。但到了20世纪90年代，这种藏羚羊毛披肩在有钱人中间流行开来，成为时尚。在伦敦，警察在对一家商店的一次突击搜查中竟发现138条披肩。这就意味着有大约1,000只藏羚羊被猎杀约占全球总数的2%。20世纪90年代，中国
3、政府开始积极开展可可西里自然保护区的藏羚羊保护工作。可可西里自然保护区是青藏高原的一个大型国家公园，是藏羚羊的主要栖息地。在接下来的十年中，大约有3,000多名偷猎者被抓获和300辆汽车被没收。有时，还会发生枪战。杰桑索南达杰就牺牲在这类枪战中。如今，政府似乎正在赢得这场战争，偷猎者的人数下降了。工作在保护区的政府官员们得到了来自全国各地的、愿意忍受海拔5,000米以上恶劣生活环境的志愿者们的支持。同时，在那些出售藏羚羊毛披肩的国家，警方开始严厉打击藏羚羊毛披肩的贩卖者。国际合作也见成效。自1997年以来，藏羚羊的数目已开始慢慢回升。课堂合作探究破解重点词汇Pollution from the
4、 factory endangers the plants and animals around.工厂的污染危及周围的动植物。You will endanger your health if you work so hard.你工作太卖力的话会危害你的健康。拓展归纳endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的dangerous adj. 危险的danger n. 危险in danger 处于危险中in danger of . 有的危险out of danger 脱离了危险full of danger 充满危险He drove so fast that I really felt my life
5、was in danger.他开车开得这么快，我真的觉得自己的生命处于危险之中。The patient is out of danger now.现在病人已经脱离危险。endangered濒临绝种的in danger指自身处于危险之中dangerous指“危险的”，即给别人造成危害或危险的【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空This is a live wire. It is _ (danger). If anyone is _ danger please help him out _ danger with a stick.答案：dangerous; in; of(2)单句写作有多少工厂的工人有失
6、业的危险？How many factory workers are _ losing their jobs？答案：in danger ofHe will not give up his children without a struggle.他不会轻易地放弃自己的孩子。拓展归纳struggle with sb. 与某人打斗/搏斗struggle for 为而斗争struggle with/against 同斗争struggle to do sth. 努力做某事；争取做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来Her struggle with the disease last
7、ed ten years.She struggled with the disease for ten years.她与疾病斗争了十年。We have to struggle to win our freedom.我们要争取获得自由。【即景活用】单句语法填空Dina, _ (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.答案：having struggledThis warm coat will help to protect you
8、 against/from the cold.这件暖和的大衣会帮助你抵御寒冷。拓展归纳(1)protect sb./sth.(against/from sth.)保护某人或某物(以免遭受)(2)protection n. 保护under the protection of 在的保护下(3)protective adj. 保护的Why do you think environmental protection is important in China？你认为环境保护在中国为什么很重要呢？As a mother，she is too protective toward her daughter.
9、作为一位母亲，她对女儿保护过度了。【即景活用】单句写作妇女能做些什么来保护自己不患心脏病？What can women do to _ heart disease？我们要采取措施保护这些树木不被砍伐。We should take measures to _.答案：protect themselves from/againstprotect the trees from/against being cut downLet me put down your telephone number for fear that I forget it.让我记下你的电话号码，以免忘了。The boss is
10、always putting me down in front of everyone in the office.老板总是在办公室当着众人的面奚落我。I think its wrong to put down dogs.我认为杀狗是不对的。拓展归纳put away 放好put aside 撇开；把放在一边；储存；留出put on 穿上，戴上；上演put forward 推荐，提出，提前put off 推迟，拖延put out 扑灭put up 建造；张贴；提高(价格等)；留宿某人put . together 把放在一起【即景活用】单句语法填空Mary is really good at ta
11、king notes in class. She can put _ almost every word her teacher says.答案：downThe drowning child who he gave his life to save became a famous scientist thirty years later.那名他献出生命拯救的落水儿童三十年后成为一位著名的科学家。拓展归纳give life to/bring sth. to life 赋予生命(活力)come to life 苏醒过来；变得更有生机devote ones life to sth. 献身于某事lea
12、d/live a . life 过着日子/生活lose ones life 丧命The teachers joke gave life to the dull class.老师的笑话使沉闷的课堂活跃起来。【即景活用】单句写作他致力于教育生活在山区的孩子们。He _ the children who lived in the mountain areas.答案：devoted himself to teachingHow much is this painting worth？这幅画值多少钱？拓展归纳(1)be worthn.be worthy ofn.值得(2)be worth doing b
13、e worthy 值得做(3)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 做某事是值得的The Great Wall is worthy to be visited/of being visited.长城值得参观。Its worthwhile to help/helping the disabled.帮助残疾人是值得的。名师点津be worth doing值得做，主动形式表达被动含义，其中worth为形容词，表示“很值得”时，应用well修饰。The thieves stole 1 million dollars worth of oil.窃贼偷走了价值100万美元的石
14、油。The film is well worth seeing.这部电影很值得一看。【即景活用】单句写作这是个值得考虑的意见。Its an idea that _.这幅画可能价值几千美元。The painting _.这是一次艰难的旅行，但很值得。It was a difficult trip, but it was _.答案：is worth considering/is worthy of being considered/is worthy to be consideredis probably worth thousands of dollarsworthwhileHe showed
15、me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.他把他当时向她求婚的确切地点指给我看。拓展归纳on the spot 立即；当场；在/到现场put sb.on the spot 使某人为难a hot spot (某种活动的)活跃地点；热点spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事be spotted with sth. 满是斑点Any worker found breaking these rules will be fired on the spot.被发现违规的工人当场就被解雇。Well have a police
16、officer on the spot immediately.我们要立刻让一位警官来到现场。The boys had been spotted smoking in the classroom.那些男孩子被发现在教室吸烟。【即景活用】单句写作小偷被当场抓住了。The thief was caught _.警察发现他开着一辆偷来的车。The police _ a stolen car.答案：on the spotspotted him drivingNew things come into fashion all the time.新事物总是很快就会流行起来。This style of coa
17、t came first into fashion when I was a boy.这种样式的大衣是我小的时候开始流行的。拓展归纳be in fashion 合乎时尚be out of fashion 不合时尚go out of fashion 不再风行follow the fashion 赶时髦fashionable adj. 流行的；时髦的【即景活用】单句写作很多学生认为使用算盘计算已经过时了。Lots of students think using an abacus (算盘) to calculate _.在许多大城市的青年人中，牛仔裤仍然很流行。Jeans are still _
18、in many big cities among the young.答案：has gone out of fashionin fashion掌握难句解析1.Although_surprised,_the poachers had an advantagethere were more of them.(P52)虽然偷猎者感到惊慌，但他们有一个优势他们人多。although surprised是although they were surprised的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或从句的主语是it时)，而从句谓语又包含be动词，此时可省去从句的主语和be动词。If(it is)po
19、ssible, Syria should be drawn into the talks.如果有可能的话，还是应该将叙利亚拉上谈判桌。When (she was) holding the gold medal won at the London Olympics, Yi Siling was very excited.当易思玲拿着在伦敦奥运会上赢得的金牌时，她激动万分。I will go shopping with you if (I am) not tired after work.如果下班后不是很累，我就和你去购物。【即景活用】单句语法填空When _ (ask) for his view
20、s about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.答案：asked2.International cooperation seems_to_be_working.国际间的合作好像正在起作用。(P53)seem to be doing“好像正在”。其中seem为系动词，意为“看起来”，to be doing为不定式的进行式，表示动作正在进行。The child seems to be lying.这孩子似乎在撒谎。拓展归纳sb./sth. seems to do/to be doing
21、/to have done . 看起来要做/正在做/已经做了主语seem(to be) adj./n. . 看起来seem like . 看起来像there seems to be . 看起来似乎有it seems (to sb.) that . 看起来it seems (to sb.) as if . 看起来好像Tom seems(to be)a very clever boy.汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again.在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。There doesnt seem to be much
22、hope of our beating that team.看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。【即景活用】单句写作他似乎已经知道了事实。He _ the truth.我觉得这好像是他最重要的小说。_ this is his most important novel.看上去好像除了我之外每个人都知道。_ everybody else knows it except me.答案：seems to have knownIt seems to me thatIt seems as if课堂总结演练单词拼写1.Many _ (保护区) for protecting rare animals have be
23、en built recently.答案：reserves2Maybe the book Waiting for You in Peking University will give you some advice on how to reach your _ (理想的) aim.答案：ideal3After years of _ (奋斗), he had finally made a pile of money.答案：struggle4The government has _ (没收) the land where many people used to live.答案：confiscate
24、d5The grassland is an important _ (栖息地) for many endangered animals.答案：habitat选词填空1One of the passengers hurt in the accident is still _.答案：in danger2A separate room _ smokers.答案：is reserved for3We should help those who are still _ freedom.答案：struggling for4One of the bank robbers was killed _.答案：on
25、 the spot5My best clothes are not modern or fashionable. Maybe someday they will _. But I really do not care.答案：come into fashion单句语法填空1Many animals and plants are _ danger. We should take measures to save the _ (endanger) animals and plants.答案：in; endangered2We must face difficulties bravely and st
26、ruggle _ them to the end.答案：against3Oh, my God! Its a sea of cars. How can you _ your car?Thats easy. Mine is colored differently from any other one.答案：spot4She has done some _ things during the summer vacation, and she is _ of being praised.(worth)答案：worthwhile; worthy5Id like _ (reserve) a seat on
27、 the next plane to Atlanta.答案：to reserve演练通关提升夯实基础知识单词拼写1They were poor and had to _ (挣扎) for a living.答案：struggle2Its reported that every year at least one species becomes _ (灭绝的)答案：extinct3He will _ (使处于险境) his freedom and even his life.答案：endanger4The hunters _ (剥皮) the deer they had killed.答案：sk
28、inned5_ (同时), he talked about sports and politics.答案：Meanwhile6Many girls wear dark glasses in summer to p_ their eyes from the sun.答案：protect7In an i_ world there would be no need for police force.答案：ideal8The doctor was on the s_ a few minutes after the accident.答案：spot9A nature r_ is an area of l
29、and where the animals, birds and plants are officially protected.答案：reserve10True friendship is w_ more than money.答案：worth选词填空1According to the library rules，you cant borrow five books _.答案：at a time2She _ the phone, sighed, and shook her head sadly.答案：put down3When the manager knew about the whole
30、 incident, he apologized to us _.答案：on the spot4Tom _ to save the fishermen from the storm at sea.答案：gave his life5White shoes started to _.答案：come into fashion单句语法填空1I dont think the necklace made of diamond is worthy _ (buy)答案：of being bought/to be bought2Is it _ (worth) sparing some time for your
31、 hobby while your classmates are concentrating on their lessons?答案：worthwhile3Experts say we should take more strict control of the Internet, so that we can protect our children _ harmful websites.答案：from4The military government in that country is determined to put _ all political oppositions.答案：dow
32、n5Shes due to arrive on Friday. _， what do we do?答案：Meanwhile6The thief was caught stealing _ the spot.答案：on7The jeans came _ fashion in the 1980s.答案：into8I seem _ (see) him somewhere before, but I cant remember the exact place.答案：to have seen9The children talked so loudly at dining table that I had
33、 to struggle _ (hear)答案：to be heard10As the number of drunk driving traffic accidents is increasing, its time to get tough _ drunk drivers.答案：with提升实战能力完形填空Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets _1_ him, especially those who
34、are _2_.For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg. How did he get that _3_？ He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But hes _4_. His briefcase always has some gloves.In winter, Mr Greenberg does not _5_ like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and
35、 _6_the street. He looks around at _7_. He stops when he _8_ someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he _9_， looking for more people with cold _10_.On winter days, Mr Greenberg _11_ gloves. During the rest of the year, he _12_ gloves. People who have heard about him _13_ him gloves, an
36、d he has many in his apartment.Mr Greenberg _14_ doing this 21 years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and _15_ his behavior. But people who dont know him are sometimes _16_ him. They dont realize that he just wants to make them _17_.It runs in the _18_. Michaels father always helped the poor
37、 as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the _19_. A pair of gloves may be a _20_ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。每当寒冷的冬季来临，Michael Greenberg都会走上街头，为穷人送上温暖的手套。他的故事诠释了那句话予人玫瑰，手有余香。 1A.know about Blearn fromCcheer for Dlook after答案：A根据下文可知，Micha
38、el Greenberg常在冬季走上街头，为穷人发放手套，由此推断这里指街上的人认识(know about)他。2A.old Bbusy Ckind Dpoor答案：D下文第14空后的“many poor New Yorkers know him”提示答案选D项。3A.job Bname Cchance Dmessage答案：B这里that name指代上文人们给Michael Greenberg起的昵称“Gloves” Greenberg。4A.calm Bdifferent Ccrazy Dcurious答案：B连词but提示上下文之间存在转折关系，由此可知，Greenberg和上文提及的
39、其他商人有所不同。5A.act Bsound Cfeel Ddress答案：A根据下文的动作描写可判断出，这里指Greenberg先生的行为举止(act)和其他的纽约人不一样。6A.cross over Bdrive alongChurry down Dkeep off答案：Churry down the street “匆匆忙忙沿着街道过去”，指那些和Greenberg先生不同的人从街道过去的情形，符合上下文语境。7A.cars BpeopleCstreet numbers Dtraffic lights答案：BGreenberg先生是在寻找没有戴手套的人，故答案选B项。8A.helps B
40、chooses Cgreets Dsees答案：D当他看到(see)没有手套的人就会停下来。9A.holds up Bhangs out Cmoves on Dturns around答案：C由下文“looking for more people”提示可知，Greenberg先生在送出手套后，会继续前行(move on)寻找更多的没有手套的人。10A.hands Bears Cfaces Deyes答案：A这里与上文“with no gloves”相对应，没有手套的人自然是双手冰冷的人。11A.searches for Bstores upCgives away Dputs on答案：C在冬天
41、，Greenberg先生分发手套。give away “分发，赠送”；search for “寻找”；store up “储藏”；put on “上演，穿上”。12A.borrows Bsells Creturns Dbuys答案：D根据下文“he has many in his apartment”可知，这里指在一年中的其他时间，Greenberg先生会囤积手套以便冬天可以发放，故选项中buy(购买)符合语境。13A.call Bsend Clend Dshow答案：B听说过他事迹的人就会给他寄来手套。14A.delayed Bremembered Cbegan Denjoyed答案：CGr
42、eenberg先生是在21年前开始(begin)做这件事的。15A.understand BdislikeCstudy Dexcuse答案：A现在很多纽约的穷人认识他，并理解(understand)他的行为。16A.sorry for Bsatisfied withCproud of Dsurprised by答案：D但是不认识他的人有时就会对他的举动感到惊讶。17A.smart Brich Cspecial Dhappy答案：D他们没有意识到他只是想让他们快乐。第18空后的“it made everyone happier”给出提示。18A.city BfamilyCneighborhood
43、 Dcompany答案：B根据下文提及的Michael的父亲助人为乐的事迹可知，这里指Michael的家庭环境也是如此。19A.honor Bpain Csame Dcold答案：CMichael和父亲的感觉是一样的，都相信帮助穷人会给他们带来快乐。20A.small Buseful Cdelightful Dcomforting答案：A句意：一副手套可能只是一件小事情，但是它却在冬季有着重大影响。but提示上下文之间存在转折关系，big的反义词是small。阅读理解Glacier National Park in Montana shares boundaries with Canada,
44、an American Indian reservation, and a national forest. Along the North Fork of the Flathead River, the park also borders about 17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture. This land is an important part of the habitat and migratory routes for several e
45、ndangered species that frequent the park. These private lands are essentially the only ones available for development in the region.With encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork. The park is a partner in an inter local a
46、greement that calls for resource managing agencies to work together with the more than 400 private owners in the area. A draft plan has been prepared, with objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. Voluntary action by landowners
47、, in cooperation with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that Congres
48、s would impose a legislative solution. Nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the existing character of the area. Meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a dramatically improved understanding of all concerns.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。冰川国家公园和地方土地所有者制订了限制土地使用计划，其目的在于保护公园里的濒危物种和资源。1Th
49、e passage mainly discusses _.Athe endangered species in Glacier National ParkBthe protection of lands surrounding Glacier National ParkCconservation laws imposed by the state of MontanaDconservation laws imposed by Congress答案：B主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，为了保护冰川国家公园的濒危物种和资源，公园管理方和地方土地所有者制订了限制土地使用计划，故答案为B项。2Why ar
50、e the private lands surrounding Glacier National Park so important?AThey function as a hunting preserve.BThey are restricted to government use.CThey are heavily populated.DThey contain natural habitats of threatened species.答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“This land is an important part of the habitat and migrato
51、ry routes for several endangered species that frequent the park.”(这片土地是非常重要的，因为这里是几种经常光顾此公园的濒危物种的栖息地和迁徙路线。)可知选项D为正确答案。3The relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners may best be described as _.Aindifferent BintimateCcooperative Ddisappointing答案：C推理判断题。根据第二段可知，公园管理方和地方土地所有者密切合作来保护
52、资源，因此他们的关系是“cooperative”(合作的)。4It can be inferred from the passage that a major interest of the officials of Glacier National Park is to _.Alimit land development around the parkBestablish a new park in MontanaCinfluence national legislationDsettle border disputes with Canada答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段第三句并结合全文内
53、容可知：为了保护自然资源和濒危物种，公园管理者限制那些会破坏资源的土地开发。因此选项A为正确答案。短文改错Last Sunday, my family went for walk in a nearby park. We wanted to breathe the fresh air and having fun there. However when going out, we find it was cloudy and smoggy. Only a few people were walking quick on the streets wearing their masks. I wa
54、s wondering why was the matter when my little brother began to cough loudly. Suddenly I realized that it was air pollution. So we had to go to home that day. Smoke from cars, buses, and factories make the air dirty，that is harmful to our health. I think they all should do some thing to keep the air
55、clean.答案：Last Sunday, my family went for walk in a nearby park. We wanted to breathe the fresh air and fun there. However when going out, we it was cloudy and smoggy. Only a few people were walking on the streets wearing their masks. I was wondering was the matter when my little brother began to cou
56、gh loudly. Suddenly I realized that it was air pollution. So we had to go home that day. Smoke from cars, buses, and factories the air dirty, is harmful to our health. I think all should do some to keep the air clean.难项分析：第三处：findfound考查动词的时态。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以find改为found。第五处：whywhat考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：我想知道发生了什么事情。这里含有一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，所以why改为what。第八处：thatwhich考查定语从句的引导词。这里含有一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代主句整句的内容，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以that改为which。
