1、必修 5听第 1 段材料，回答第 1 题。1What subject does the man like best?AHistory.BBiology.CChemistry.答案：A听第 2 段材料，回答第 2 题。2What is the male speaker?AA student.BA president.CA professor.答案：A听第 3 段材料，回答第 3 题。3What is the womans opinion about the course?AToo hard.BWorth taking.CVery easy.答案：B听第 4 段材料，回答第 4、5 题。4What
2、 time is it now?A1：45.B2：10.C2：15.答案：A5What will the man do?AWork on a project.BSee Linda in the library.CMeet with Professor Smith.答案：C【技巧点拨】在听力题中，有时并不明确给出信息，而需要考生根据所听到的内容进行推理、整合，从而判断出正确答案。如第 2 题中，根据“take on students”和“well have more chances.”可推断出说话人的身份为学生。Text 1M：What have you been studying?W：Biol
3、ogy and chemistry.I like natural sciences.How about you?M：I prefer social sciences.I like history best.Text 2W：Have you heard our president is starting a new program?M：Oh,really?How will it benefit us?W：The program requires professors to take on students in their research projects.Then,well have mor
4、e chances of gathering research experience.Text 3M：This course is really difficult.W：I dont think its all that bad,and well benefit a lot from it.M：So youre taking it too?W：Thats true.Text 4M：By the way,do you know what time it is?W：Well,its 1：45.M：Oh,Ive got to go.W：See Linda in the library?M：No.Ac
5、tually Im going to meet with Professor Smith at 2：10.You may continue a project discussion with Michael.W：All right.1核心单词(1)conclude(vt.&vi.)结束；推断出conclusion(n.)结论；结束(2)defeat(vt.)打败；战胜；使受挫(n.)失败(3)attend(vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加(4)expose(vt.)暴露；揭露；使曝光exposure(n.)暴露；揭发(5)cure(n.)治愈；痊愈(vt.)治愈；治疗(6)challenge(n
6、.)挑战(vt.)向挑战(7)suspect(vt.)认为；怀疑(n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯(8)blame(vt.)责备；谴责(n.)过失；责备(9)pollute(vt.)污染；弄脏pollution(n.)污染(10)contribute(vt.&vi.)捐献；贡献；捐助contribution(n.)贡献2阅读单词(1)scientific(adj.)科学的(2)analyse(vt.)分析(3)expert(adj.)熟练的；经验或知识丰富的(n.)专家；行家(4)victim(n.)受害者(5)absorb(vt.)吸收；吸引；使专心(6)instruct(vt.)命令；指示；教导(7
7、)construct(vt.)建设；修建(8)positive(adj.)积极的；肯定的；确实的(9)enthusiastic(adj.)热情的；热心的(10)cautious(adj.)小心的；谨慎的【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1That year,I _(attend)a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.答案：attended2Instead of _(blame)the child who had broken the vase,she gave him a
8、 tolerant smile and let him go.答案：blaming3 In the end the idea almost leads them to the same _(conclude)答案：conclusion4After he was _(cure)of the cancer,he lived a normal life.答案：cured5Not knowing what was wrong with his car,Tom decided to send for an experienced man _(handle)the problem.答案：to handle
9、6 These soldiers were put in prison because they rejected _(obey)orders.答案：obeying7To our surprise,many rivers and lakes nearby are seriously _(pollute)答案：polluted8When I came in,he was _(absorb)in reading a new novel.答案：absorbed9Were not saying that everyone needs _(contribute)their lives to the po
10、or.答案：to contribute10The young player was _(defeat)by his partner in the game,but he didnt lose heart.答案：defeated联想积累1后缀-sion 构成的抽象名词conclusion 结论；结束admission 准许进入；承认confusion 混乱；困惑；混淆expression 词组；表达；表情oppression 压迫；压制permission 允许；许可profession 职业；专业impression 印象2表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive 积极的negative
11、 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的doubtful 怀疑的critical 批评的1put_forward 提出2draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3expose.to.使显露；暴露4be_absorbed_in 全神贯注于；专心致志于5be_to_blame 应受责备；应承担责任6link.to.将和联系或连接起来7contribute to 导致；有助于；撰稿8apart from 除之外；此外9be strict with 对严格10make sense 讲得通；有意义【即景活用】用所给短语的适当形式填空put forward,draw a conc
12、lusion,apart from,make sense,contribute to,expose.to.1.From what is said above,we can _that computers are more a blessing than a disaster.答案：draw a conclusion2I think the plan _by Mr Smith is very reasonable.答案：put forward3_the sun for a long time is harmful to your health.答案：Being exposed to4Positi
13、ve emotions _both our health and our success.答案：contribute to5Our team,_regular training,will join in a variety of activities.答案：apart from6It doesnt _to buy that expensive coat when these are cheaper.答案：make sense联想积累1“动词宾语to”短语expose.to.使显露；暴露link.to.将和联系或连接起来add.to.把加到里compare.to.把比作devote.to.把奉献
14、于supply.to.向供应2“be过去分词in”短语be absorbed in 专心于be lost in 陷入；专心致志于be caught in 被困在be buried in 埋头于be occupied in 忙于3与 forward 搭配的短语put forward 提出look forward to 盼望bring forward 提出step forward 向前迈步1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2So many thousands of terrified peopl
15、e died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。【句式仿写】1_(老师和他的学生们都没有)come across such a difficult problem.答案：Neither the teacher nor his students have2_(每次)I was in trouble,he would come to help me out.答案：Every time联想积累1并列连词 neither.nor.neither.nor.“既不也不”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一
16、致”原则。遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词。either.or.不是就是not only.but also.不但而且not.but.不是而是此外，遵循“就近原则”的还有 There be 句型。2引导时间状语从句的名词，副词和连词小结作连词，引导时间状语从句的名词短语有：every time,each time,any time,next time,the first time,the moment,the instant,the second,the minute,the hour,the day 等。有些副词，如 directly,instantly,immediately 等也可引导状语从
17、句。关联从属连词 no sooner.than,hardly/scarcely/barely.when等 也 能 引 导 时 间 状 语 从 句。如 果no sooner,hardly/scarcely/barely 位于句首，主句要用倒装语序。单词点津conclude vt.&vi.结束；推断出教材原句Draw a conclusion 得出结论(1)concludesth.from sth.从某事中推断出某事from sth.that.从某事中推断 出conclude sth.with sth.以某事结束某事by doing sth.通过做某事结束 某事to conclude 最后(2)c
18、ome to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之；最后【特别提醒】表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short,in brief,in a word,all in all,to sum up,briefly(speaking),on the whole 等。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空He concluded _their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.答案：from(2)完成句子_,Id like to say how much I have
19、 enjoyed myself today.最后，我想说我今天玩得非常开心。The meeting _.会议于十点钟结束。答案：In conclusion concluded at ten oclockattend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加教材原句John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。attend school/class/ch
20、urch 上学/上课/去教堂attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/funeral/party 参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/参加葬礼/出席聚会attend sb.看护，照料某人attend to 处理，料理(生意或个人事务)；接待(顾客)【特别提醒】attend 侧重“参加”之意。attend to 作“处理”讲时，与 do/deal with 近义；另 attend 作“看护；照料”讲时，与 take care of,look after近义。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空If you had told me beforehand,I would _(attend)
21、your wedding.All the participants were required to sign in as they entered the hall _(attend)the meeting.答案：have attended to attend(2)完成句子I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to _.今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。答案：attend toexpose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光教材原句But he became inspired when he thoug
22、ht about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。expose.to.使暴露于/面临/遭受be exposed to 暴露于；接触expose sb.to sth.使某人接触到某物exposed adj.暴露的；无遮蔽的exposure n.显露；暴露；揭露；曝光【特别提醒】在 expose.to.以及 be exposed to.结构中，to 为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。【即景活用】完成句子Dont _direct sunlight,or youll get sun
23、burnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。If _the outside surroundings,theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future.置身于外部的环境，他们将变得更强大，并且为未来更好地做准备。Some children are never _classical music.一些孩子从来就没有接触过古典音乐。答案：expose your skin to exposed to exposed toabsorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心教材原句The second suggested that peop
24、le absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。(1)absorb/attract/draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收absorb.into.把吸收进be absorbed by/into 被吞并/吸引(be)absorbed in.全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的absorbing adj.十分吸引人的【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空However,when something did interest m
25、e,I could become _(absorb)Plants absorb carbon dioxide _the air and moisture from the soil.答案：absorbed from(2)完成句子_in painting,John didnt notice evening approaching.全神贯注于画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕降临了。答案：Absorbedblame vt.责备；谴责 n.过失；责备教材原句It seemed that the water was to blame.看起来水是罪魁祸首。(1)blame sb.for(doing)sth.因(做
26、)某事而责备某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame(for sth.)(对某事)应承担责任；应受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame on sb.把责任推到某人身上【特别提醒】be to blame 为主动形式表示被动意义，因此不能再用被动语态。【即景活用】完成句子I often had crazy dreams in which I _for Millers accident.我经常做噩梦，在梦中感觉我应该对米勒发生的事故负责。Alice was
27、 in low spirits because she _the breakdown of the school computer network.因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的瘫痪负责，艾丽斯的情绪很低落。Many children are afraid of _for failing the exam.许多孩子害怕因考试不及格而受责备。I am ready _for the mistake.我准备为这个错误承担责任。答案：was to blame was blamed for being blamed to take/bear/accept the blamecontribute vt.&v
28、i.捐献；贡献；捐助教材原句to contribute 捐献(1)contribute.to.向捐献contribute to 有助于；导致；为作贡献；为捐款；为撰稿(2)contribution n.捐款；捐献；贡献；投送的稿件make a contribution/contributions to 对作出贡献；为捐款【特别提醒】表示“引起，导致；有助于”的词语有：contribute to,result in,bring about,lead to,cause 等。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Who made a great _(contribute)to the civil right
29、s movement in the US?Alcohol contributes _100,000 deaths in the US each year.答案：contribution to(2)完成句子If you want to _our newspaper,please send me your article before the deadline.如果你想给我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章发给我。答案：contribute to短语点拨put forward 提出；推荐；将提前；将(钟表)向前拨教材原句Who put forward a theory about black hol
30、es?谁提出关于黑洞的理论？put away 把收拾好；整理；储蓄put aside 把放到一边；储存；留出put down 放下；写下；记下；镇压put on 穿上；上演put off 推迟；延期put up 搭建；张贴；为提供住宿put through 接通电话；完成put out 扑灭put up with 容忍；忍受【即景活用】写出下列句子中 put forward 的含义The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully automatic driving._ My watch was slow,so I p
31、ut it forward three minutes._ She was put forward as an advanced worker._ They have put forward the date of the meeting by three days._ 答案：提出 把表拨快 推荐 将提前apart from 除之外，还；此外教材原句Apart from the construction mentioned above,you have also learned the following phrases.除了以上提到的结构，你也学过下面的词组。(1)apart from 具有
32、下列三层含义：相当于 besides。指“除之外，另外还有”，强调“另外还有”；相当于 except。指“除了”，表示从整体中除去；相当于 except for。指“除外”，是在对某人或物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。(2)take.apart 将拆开tell sb./sth.apart 把某人/某物区分开【即景活用】完成句子I have finished _the last question.除了最后一道题，我全做完了。_the yard and making up the beds for the old,we also read newspapers for them and h
33、ad chats with them.除了打扫庭院和为老人们铺床外，我们还为他们读报纸并且跟他们聊天。They are so alike,and its difficult to _.他们长得太像了，很难把他们区分开。答案：apart from Apart from cleaning tell them apartmake sense 有意义；讲得通教材原句Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。
34、make sense of 理解；弄明白make no sense 没有道理；没有意义come to ones senses 恢复理智；醒悟过来in a/one sense 从某种意义上来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子要用部分倒装结构)common sense 常识a sense of duty/humor/beauty/direction 责任感/幽默感/美感/方向感There is no sense in(doing)sth.(做)某事是没有意义的【即景活用】单句语法填空Can you make sense _what this writer is saying?There
35、 is no sense _(buy)expensive clothes for children,as they soon grow out of them.In no sense _he realize he had made such a serious mistake.答案：of buying did句型与语法教材原句Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。(1)“only状语(从句)”位
36、于句首，句子要用部分倒装。但“only主语”位于句首时不用倒装。(2)if only“但愿；要是就好了”，引导的状语从句使用虚拟语气，表达对现在、将来的愿望或与过去事实相反的愿望。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Only after a year of friendly discussion _Ms Garza finally say yes.答案：did(2)完成句子_cooperate and work well.人们只有相互信任才能很好地合作和工作。_ he had talked to her sooner!他要是早点和她谈谈就好了！答案：Only if people trust each
37、 other can theyIf only(3)单句改错Only then she realize how much damage had been caused._答案：she 前加 did教材原句He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都围绕着太阳转，而只有月球围绕着地球转。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空With the bo
38、y _(show)us the way,we got there easily.答案：showing(2)完成句子_,she went home.做完一切事情以后，她回家了。I cant go out _.因为有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。He used to sleep _.他过去常开着所有的窗子睡觉。答案：With everything done with these clothes to wash with all the windows open教材原句But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people
39、 exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。过去分词 inspired 和 exposed 在句中分别作表语和定语。作定语时置于所修饰词之后或之前表示动作完成或被动。作表语时置于系动词之后，说明主语的状态或特征。【特别提醒】单个的过去分词作定语时，常位于它所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后，但单个过去分词修饰something,everything 等不定代词时，也要后置。【即景活用】单句语法填空Have you read the novel _(write)by Mo Yan?After the hea
40、vy rain,many cars got _(catch)in the mud.The children were all _after they heard the _news that their team had won the game.(inspire)答案：written caught inspired;inspiring John Snow was a famous doctor in London,who was so expert that he _1_(attend)Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he was f
41、amous for _2_(defeat)“King Cholera”Cholera was a _3_(dead)disease and neither its cause _4_ its cure was understood.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem.He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.So when another severe outbreak hit Londo
42、n,he began his enquiry.He found that many victims _5_(link)to the outbreak were near the water pump,so he had the handle _6_(remove).Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.He drew _7_ conclusion that the polluted water was _8_(blame)The water _9_(company)were instructed not to expose people _10_ po
43、lluted water anymore.Finally“King Cholera”was defeated.1 _ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 答案：1.attended 2.defeating 3.deadly 4.nor 5.linked6removed 7.the 8.to blame panies 10.to.单句语法填空1Only when he arrived _the meeting begin.答案：did“only状语(从句)”位于句首，句子要部分倒装。由时间状语从句 when he arrived 可知，应用一般过去时，故填
44、did。2Neither I nor John _(be)tired of the speech.It is interesting.答案：is neither.nor.连接两个并列主语，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则，故填 is。3_(absorb)in writing a letter,he didnt even look up when I came in.答案：Absorbed be absorbed in.“全神贯注于”，此处为分词作状语，故填 Absorbed。4That you _(expose)to the sunlight for too long will be harm
45、ful to your skin.答案：are exposed be exposed to.“暴露于；接触”。5There is no sense in _(worry)about the future.答案：worrying There is no sense in(doing)sth.“(做)某事是没有意义的”。6While _(attend)to the central task,we should unfold the work in other fields.答案：attending attend to“处理；照料”，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语部分含有 be 动词的相应形式时，
46、可省略从句中的主语和 be 动词，补充完整为：While we are attending to.，故填attending。7The bank manager was really _(blame),though he tried to put it on a clerk.答案：to blame be to blame“应受责备；应承担责任”，为主动形式表示被动意义。8 Mr Reed made up his mind to contribute all he had to _(set)up some schools for poor children.答案：setting contribut
47、e.to.“为奉献”，其中 to 为介词，其后应用名词、代词或动名词形式，故填 setting。9My parents tend to accept any idea _(put)forward by experts on TV.答案：put put forward“提出”，此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词 idea。10I recognized her voice _moment I picked up the receiver.答案：the the moment“一就”。.单句改错1Although defeating in the match,we didnt lose hear
48、t._答案：defeatingdefeated 此处表示在比赛中被打败，故应用过去分词表被动。2When I opened the door,I found my father sitting in his chair,completely absorbing in the newspaper._答 案：absorbingabsorbed (be)absorbed in“全 神 贯 注于”，此处为过去分词短语作状语。3It makes a sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control._答案：去掉 a make sense
49、 to do sth.“做某事是明智的，合乎情理的”，为固定用法，故去掉 a。4Neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result._答案：isare neither.nor.连接两主语时，谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。5The plan was put forward at yesterdays meeting,in my opinion,is quite practical._答案：去掉 was 或 was 前加 which/that 该句中已有谓语动词is,故 put forward at yesterdays m
50、eeting 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰作主语的名词 plan；也可用定语从句作定语修饰先行词 plan，因此添加定语从句的关系词引出定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，所以在 was 前加 which/that。.语法填空China will allow all couples to have two children，_1_(give)up its decades-long one-child policy,the Communist Party of China(CPC)_2_(announce)after a key meeting on Thursday.The chan
51、ge of policy is intended to balance population development and meet the challenge of an aging population,according to a communiqu(公报)_3_(issue)after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee held from Monday to Thursday.The proposal must be approved by the
52、top legislature(立法机关)_4_ it comes into force.Chinas family planning policy was first introduced in the late 1970s _5_(control)the rapid _6_(grow)of the population by limiting most urban couples _7_ one child,and as to rural couples,they can have two children on condition that their firstborn child w
53、as a girl.The policy was later relaxed.Parents _8_ were both only children in their family could have _9_ second child.The one-child policy was _10_(far)loosened in November 2013 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee,and couples are allowed to have two children if one of
54、them is an only child.1 _ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了中国的“全面二孩”政策的由来。1giving 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语 China与 give up 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing 形式作状语，故填 giving。2announced 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 on Thursday 可知，本处应用一般过去时。3issued 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，issue 与communiqu之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词 issued作定语。4b
55、efore 考查连词。句意：提议在生效之前必须得到最高立法机关的批准。before“在之前”。5to control 考查非谓语动词。中国于 20 世纪 70 年代晚期开始实施计划生育政策以控制急剧增长的人口。本处应用动词不定式作目的状语。6growth 考查词性转换。此处表示控制急剧增长的人口，应用名词作宾语，故填 growth。7to 考查介词。limit.to.“限定到”是固定搭配。8who/that 考查定语从句的引导词。夫妇双方均为独生子女的，还可以再生一个孩子。本处先行词为 parents，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填 who/that。9a 考查冠词。序数词前用不定冠词，意为“
56、再，又”。这里指“再生一个小孩，或可生第二个孩子”。10further 考查副词的比较级。根据句意“一孩政策进一步放松”可知，本处应用比较级；由于本处不是表距离，而是表事情的程度，故填 further。.短文改错One day,an old man was returning home after shopping.Suddenly,a bag of waste fell in the sky,nearly hitting him on his head.He was greatly frightening by the unexpected incident.Dropped the thin
57、gs he had bought to the ground,he ran away rapidly.What dangerous it was!Obviously,the accident caused by a careless neighbour living highly in an apartment.It was that person who was to blame for.Every one of us should behave politely and think more about other.Only when we each behaved properly ca
58、n our society be changed into a pleasant one.答案：One day,an old man was returning home after shopping.Suddenly,a bag of waste fell infromthe sky,nearly hitting him on histhehead.He was greatly frighteningfrightenedby the unexpected incident.DroppedDroppingthe things he had bought to the ground,he ran
59、 away rapidly.WhatHowdangerous it was!Obviously,the accident wascaused by a careless neighbour living highlyhighin an apartment.It was that person who was to blame for.Every one of us should behave politely and think more about otherothers.Only when we each behavedbehaveproperly can our society be c
60、hanged into a pleasant one.难项分析：第二处：histhe 考查冠词。动词sb.介词the身体部位为固定用法，此处表示“几乎击中了他的头部”。第四处：DroppedDropping 考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语 he 与分词之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。第九处：otherothers 考查代词。other 为形容词“其他的”；others 为代词，指代“其他人”。单元加餐练.完形填空Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist?A successful scientist is gener
61、ally a good observer.He makes full _1_ of the facts he observes.He doesnt accept ideas which are not _2_on obvious facts,and therefore _3_to accept authority as the only reason for truth.He always checks ideas _4_ and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of _5_ science may perhaps be considered
62、to _6_ as far back as the _7_ of Roger Bacon,the wonderful philosopher of Oxford,who lived _8_ the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably thefirst in the Middle Ages to suggest that we must learn science _9_ observing and experimenting on the things around us,and he himself _10_ many important truths.G
63、alileo(1564-1642),however,who lived more than 300 years later,was the greatest of several great men in Italy,France,Germany,and England,_11_ began to show how many important _12_ could be discovered by observation by degrees.Before Galileo,learned men believed that large bodies fell more _13_ toward
64、s the earth than small ones,_14_ Aristotle said so.But Galileo,going to the _15_ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa,let fall two _16_ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.It was Galileos _17_ of going direct to Nature,and proving our _18_ and theories by experiment,that has led to all the discoveries of
65、modern science.What _19_ those people good scientists?From the example of Galileo,we know it clearly that successful scientists are those whose observations have _20_ better results.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过实例阐明自己的观点：一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。1A.useBtimeCspeedDtrust答案：A 根据语境可知，此处是 make
66、 use of“利用，使用”这一固定词组。2A.reliedBbasedCinsistedDcentered答案：B 根据该空前的“He doesnt accept ideas”和后面的“on obvious facts”可知，此处是 be based on/upon 这个固定词组，表示“以为基础，基于”。3A.refusesBdesiresCintendsDregrets答案：A 由空格前面的“doesnt accept”和“and therefore”可知，此处应选 refuses，表示“拒绝”。4A.casuallyBcarefullyCquicklyDsecretly答案：B 结合语境
67、“He always checks ideas”和后面的“makes experiments to prove them”可知，此处表示仔细地核查那些观点。5A.naturalBphysicalCancientDmodern答案：D 根据下一段的最后一句话中的“that has led to all the discoveries of modern science”可知，此处表示 modern science“现代科学”的兴起。6A.dateBkeepClookDcome答案：A 由下文的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。date b
68、ack 是一个固定词组，意为“追溯到”。7A.studyBtimeCyearDbirth答案：B 结合空格后面的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，此处表示罗杰培根那个时代。time 这里指“时代，年代”。8A.bothBeachCbetweenDamong答案：C 根据空格后面的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，此处应选 between 与 and 连用，表示“在和之间”。9A.inBwithConDby答案：D 根据后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知，此处表示通过(b
69、y)观察我们周围的事情并做实验，因此选 by。10A.broughtBdiscoveredCtookDgave答案：B 结合空格后面的“many important truths”可知，他本人发现(discovered)了很多重要的真理。11A.whoBwhenCthatDwhere答案：A 结合空格前面的“was the greatest of several great men”可知，先行词是 men，故用 who 引导定语从句。12A.truthsBproblemsCpeopleDsubjects答案：A 由空后的“could be discovered by observation”及
70、上文第10 空所在句子可知，很多真理可以通过观察得到发现。truth“事实，真理”。13A.slowlyBrapidlyClightlyDheavily答案：B 结合空格前面的“large bodies fell more”和后面的“towards the earth than small ones”可知，在 Galileo 之前，学者们认为重的物体比轻的物体自由落体的速度更快，因此选 rapidly“迅速地”。14A.althoughBbecauseCwhenDif答案：B 根据“Aristotle said so”的意思可知，这里表示因为(because)亚里士多德是这样说的。15A.pl
71、aceBfootCtopDceiling答案：C 结合空格后面的“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa,let fall two _16_ stones”可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。16A.bigBsmallCequalDunequal答案：D 由第 13 空中的关键信息“large bodies”和“small ones”可知，此处表示使用了两个不同重量的石头，因此选 unequal“不相等的”。17A.spiritBskillCtheoryDdiscovery答案：A 由后面的“of going direct to Nature”可知，此处表示探索自然的精神(sp
72、irit)。18A.plansBopinionsCworldDability答案：B 与后面的“andtheories by experiment”中的 theories 呼应，此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点(opinions)和理论。19A.makesBpreventsCconsidersDpromises答案：A 由下文中的“are those whose observations have _20_ better results”可知，此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”。make“使变成”符合句意。20A.foreseenBrejectedCproducedDchallenged答案
73、：C 结合上文中所举的例子可知，观察已经产生(produced)了更好的结果。.阅读理解AAlbert Einstein had a great effect on science and history,and his achievement was even greater than only a few other great scientists have achieved.AnAmericanuniversity president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook,a new view of the universe.It
74、 may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity(特性)of time and space and so onbut even ordinary men now understand that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 young Einstein had been world-famous.He accepted the offer to become a professor at the P
75、russian Academy of Science in Berlin.He had few duties,little teaching and unlimited chances for study,but soon his peace and quietness were broken by World War.Einstein hated fighting and killing.The great suffering of war affected him deeply,and he sat unhappily in his office doing little.He lost
76、interest in his research.Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the year following World War I,honours were increasingly put on him.He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics.But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other
77、 people.He was well known for his humble(谦逊的)manner.He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by others if he had never lived.In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize,and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Nazism(纳粹)when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.篇章导读：本文
78、是一篇人物传记。文章简要介绍了著名科学家爱因斯坦的事迹，及其对科学和历史产生的巨大影响及其重大贡献。1The main idea of the first paragraph is _.Athe difficulty of Einsteins thought to othersBthe feeling of an American university president towards EinsteinCthe difference between science and historyDthe change in human thought produced by Einstein答案：D
79、 段落大意题。第一段讲述了爱因斯坦对科学和历史产生了巨大影响，同时也使人们的思想产生了巨大的变化。2It seems to the American university president that _.AEinstein achieved more than any other scientist in historyBeverybody understands Einsteins scientific ideas Cthe new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyoneDour ideas about the uni
80、verse are different today because of Einstein答案：D 推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知，爱因斯坦的理论使人们对宇宙的看法发生了转变。3Einstein did his greatest work _.Awhen Nazism roseBwhen he was youngCduring World War Dafter he left Europe答案：B 推理判断题。由第三段和最后一段可知爱因斯坦在一战和纳粹时期，几乎没有正常工作，排除 A 项和 C 项；本文也没有讲述他离开欧洲以后的科研情况，排除 D 项；由第二段第一句和最后一段第一句可知，B
81、项所述正确。4From the passage we can know that _.AGermans usually have a high respect for scienceBEinstein had other interests besides scienceCEinstein was forced to work again in 1918DEinstein led a quiet life during World War 答案：A 推理判断题。由第四段中的第一、三句及最后一段中的“he was honoured in Germany”可知，德国人民尊敬爱因斯坦，尊敬科学。B
82、项文中未提及；C、D 两项与文意不符。BWhen Alfred Nobel created the prizes that bear his name,he decided that they be given for work done in the previous year.But it has led to all kinds of troubleas it did once again this month,when the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology was awarded to a dead man.It is a complex
83、story,one that could not have been foreseen whenNobel,the Swedish inventor,died in 1896.But it all traces back to his will,written at a time when international prizes were an original idea.Nobel did not say why he wanted to reward scientists who“made the most important discovery”during the previous
84、year.One can guess that he wanted to reward present-day innovation and not to give tombstone awards to Galileo,Hippocrates,and other scientists from centuries past.But will and science often got involved.The one-year timing proved impractical;scientific findings generally need to be tested,sometimes
85、 for decades,before their value is appreciated.Perhaps to avoid the Galileo problem,the Nobel Foundation did state clearly that the award be given only to living people;that rule was made formal in the 1970s.But the rule against posthumous(死后的)awards has now been violated several timesmost recently
86、this month,when the prize in medicine was given to Dr Ralph M.Steinman,a scientist at Rockefeller University,who died three days before hiselection.His discovery,called dendritic cells(树突细胞),took place in 1973.The first posthumous winner was the poet Erik Karlfeldt.Karlfeldt had refused his selectio
87、n in 1918 because he was a longtime member of the Swedish Nobel Academy.When he was selected again in 1931,he had died that April.What happens if a candidate dies?The Nobel Foundation might consider changes at its next meeting.One possibility would betowithhold(阻止)the announcement of an award until
88、a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。全文论述了诺贝尔奖的评奖规则应做一些变革的原因。5What did Alfred Nobel create the prizes for?ATo make himself remembered forever.BTo attract international attention to Sweden.CTo encourage contributions to mankind.DTo honor some dead ou
89、tstanding discoverers.答案：C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“he wanted to reward scientists who made the most important discovery”可知，他创立该奖的目的就是鼓励科学发现或重大成就。6Why has the Nobel Prize brought about trouble?AThe one-year timing is not workable.BNobel Foundation tries to break his will.CNobels fortune is not well managed.
90、DCandidates are hard to be selected worldwide.答案：A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The one-year timing proved impractical;scientific findings generally need to be tested,sometimes for decades,before their value is appreciated.”可知以一年为评定时效不可行，故答案为 A。7What do the examples of the scientist Ralph M.Steinman and the poet
91、Erik Karlfeldt suggest?AThe Nobel Foundation should obey the rules.BSome rules of the prize call for reform.CThe Nobel Academy failed to perform their duty.DThe winner should live a very long life.答案：B 推理判断题。根据上文可知，诺贝尔奖规定只颁发给健在的科学家，可是这一年的诺贝尔医学奖颁发给了已经去世的Ralph M.Steinman,1931 年的诺贝尔文学奖颁发给了已逝的诗人 Erik Ka
92、rlfeldt，这两个例子足以说明诺贝尔奖的一些规定需要改革。8According to the last paragraph,the Nobel Prize is announced to the winner _.Ain secretBthrough a visitCby e-mailDon the telephone答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句话中的“until a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls”可知，诺贝尔奖是通过电话通知获奖人，故答案为 D 项。.短文改
93、错How time flies!I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while its time go back to school.This winter I spend ten days studying maths,chemistry and physics,none of which was easily for me.And I still had some fun during theSpring Festival.I had attended my uncles wedding and my aunt was
94、very beautiful.To my disappoint,I didnt get many lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant calling“Red Lobster”.The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed myself.答案：How time flies!
95、I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home whilewhenits time togo back to school.This winter I spendspentten days studying maths,chemistry and physics,none of which was easilyeasyfor me.AndButI still had some fun during theSpring Festival.I hadattended my uncles wedding and my aunt was ver
96、y beautiful.To my disappointdisappointment，I didnt get manymuchlucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant callingcalled“Red Lobster”.The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed mysel
97、fourselves.1whilewhen 考查状语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，该句用了“hardly.when.”句型。2time 后加 to 考查非谓语动词。It is/was time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“该做某事的时候到了”。3spendspent 考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语 This winter 可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。4easilyeasy 考查形容词。根据该句中的系动词 was 可知，该处应当用形容词作表语。5AndBut 考查连词。上文陈述寒假“我”花了很多时间学习数学、物理和化学，但没有一门对于“我”来说是简单的；该
98、句陈述在春节期间仍然玩得很开心。据此可知，此处表示转折关系。6去掉 had 考查动词的时态。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。7disappointdisappointment 考查名词。to ones disappointment为固定搭配，意为“令某人失望的是”。8manymuch money 为不可数名词，应当用 much 修饰；many修饰可数名词复数。9callingcalled 考查非谓语动词。动词 call 和 restaurant 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，该处意为“一家被称为Red Lobster的饭店”，故用过去分词作后置定语。10myselfourselves 考查反身代词。根据该句主语 we 可知，应用 ourselves。
