1、Unit 3 Conservation课时作业(十五)Unit3PartLesson2WaronPlasticPackets阅读理解AAnimalscanmovefromplacetoplace, butplantscannot, Whenananimalisunderattack, itcanrunawayorfightback, Plantscertainlycannotrunaway, andtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshav
2、etheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexample, theleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines (刺) thatdiscouragegrasseatinganimals.Hollyonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplants, suchastheoaktree, havethickandhardleavesthataredif
3、ficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassmaycontainasandymaterial; eatingsuchgrasswearsdowntheanimalsteeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar (毛虫) bi
4、tesatobaccoleaf, theleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.AcertainplantinChina, forinstance, hasprickly (多刺的) leaves, andeachpricklecontainspoiso
5、nousvenom (毒液).Asingleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuture.1Theleavesofthehollyplanthavemorespinesonthelowerbranchesbecausemostanimals_.AarenottallenoughBlikethelowerleavesonlyCarenotcleverenoughDcangetthelowerleaveseasily2Todefendthemselves, oaktreesuse_.Achemic
6、almeansBphysicalmeansCbitterchemicalsDsandymaterials3Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?AItsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.BItsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.CItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattacked.DItsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodr
7、ivethecaterpillaraway.4Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?APlantsandAnimalsBHowPlantsDefendThemselvesCAttacksandDefensesDHowAnimalsEatPlantsLeavesBSurvivingHurricaneSandy(飓风桑迪)NatalieDoan, 14, hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway, NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach, Nataliecanseetheoceanandhe
8、arthewavesfromherhouse.“ItstheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial，”shesays.OnOctober29, 2012, thatoceanturnedfierce.Thatnight, HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast, andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately, NataliesfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecitysbridgesclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythen
9、extday, theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNataliesfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher, peopleweresuffering, especiallytheelderly.NataliesschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays, themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNat
10、alie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshighrisebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcantcontrolwhathappenstome，”Nataliesays，“butIcanalwayschooseho
11、wIdealwithit.”Natalieschoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepage, matchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedinformationaboutaboynamedPatrick, wholosthisbaseballcardcollectionwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays, Patrickscollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths, herwebsitepagehelpedlotsof
12、kids: Christopher, whoreceivedanewbasketball; Charlie, whogotanewkeyboard.NataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuchneededsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril, shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today, thescars (创痕) ofdestructionare
13、stillseeninRockaway, buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear, andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.“IcantimaginelivinganywherebutRockaway，”Nataliedeclares.“Myneighborhoodwillbeback, evenstrongerthanbefore.”5WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane, shefound_.AsomefriendshadlosttheirlivesBherneighborhoodwa
14、sdestroyedCherschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynDtheelderlywerefreefromsuffering6AccordingtoParagraph4, whoinspiredNataliemost?AThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuild.BThepeopletrappedinhighrisebuildings.CThevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivors.DLocalteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople.7HowdidNataliehelpthesurviv
15、ors?AShegavehertoystootherkids.BShetookcareofyoungerchildren.CShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelp.DShebuiltaninformationsharingplatform.8Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?ALittlepeoplecanmakeabigdifferenceBAfriendinneedisafriendindeedCEastorwest, homeisbestDTechnologyispowerCOnWorldMentalHealthDay (10Octobe
16、r), employeesatourMelbourneofficeinAustralia, heldamorningteaeventtoraisefundsforReachOutAustraliaanonlinementalhealthorganizationforyoungpeopleandtheirparents.Theeventincludedaraffle (抽奖) withthewinnerreceivingafree“mentalhealthday”andtherunnerupreceivingahalfday.Mentalhealthdaysarepersonaldaystake
17、noffofworkthatarenotdeducted (扣除) fromannualleavebalances.Theyaredesignedtoenableemployeestopracticeselfcareandspendtimedoingmoreofwhatmakesthemfeelhappyandrefreshed.Aswellasthemorningtea, theMelbourneofficehelda“StressDownDay”whereemployeesworecasual, comfortableclothes (suchastracksuitsandslippers
18、) toworkbydonation.TheproceedsfromthiswerealsodonatedtoReachOutAustralia, alongwithmoneyraisedatthemorningtea.OUPHR (牛津大学出版社人力资源) AdministratorAbigailJenkins, explains，“BeingabletoraisemoneyforReachOutAustraliaissomeaningfulasmanyyoungpeopleinAustraliaexperienceclinicallysignificantmentalhealthissue
19、sbutarenotreceivingsupport.Itsmybeliefthatnobodyshouldbesufferinglikethat, letaloneouryoungpeople.Supportinganorganizationthataimstoprovidefree, accessible, andimmediatehelpisreallymeaningfultoeveryonehere.”Inordertopromotementalhealthawarenesswithintheteam, thevariousfundraisingactivitiesweresuppor
20、tedbyapresentationfromtheBlackDogInstitute, coveringmentalhealthintheworkplace, howtorecognizeearlywarningsigns, andhowtocareforourselvesandothers.9WhydidthestaffmembersofMelbourneofficeholdthemorningteaevent?ATocelebrateWorldMentalDay.BTohelptreatthosewithdisabilities.CTocollectmoneyforyoungpeoplea
21、ndtheirparents.DTocollectmoneyforanonlinementalhealthorganization.10Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph2referto?ABalances.BEvents.COrganizations.DMentalhealthdays.11WhatcanbeinferredfromAbigailJenkinswords?AManyyoungpeopleoffertohelp.BManyyoungpeoplesuffermentalproblemsinAustralia.CWeshouldsu
22、pportanorganizationtohelpthosewithmentalhealthproblems.DManypeoplewithmentalhealthproblemsdontgethelpfromthegovernment.12Whatisthemainideaofthetext?AHowisWorldMentalHealthDayformed.BReachOutAustraliacarriedoutapresentationforthosewithmentalproblems.CFundraisingactivitiesareheldtosupportthosewithment
23、alhealthproblemsinAustralia.DTheBlackDogInstituteperformedactivitiestosupportthosewithmentalhealthproblems.课时作业(十五)阅读理解A【语篇解读】文章属于说明文。介绍不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理学上的方法，有些采取了化学上的方法，使自己免受动物的伤害，保护自己。1答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.可知选D项。2答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第三
24、段中的Someplants, suchastheoaktree, havethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.可知橡树有厚的、坚硬的叶子，使用的是物理学上的方法来保护自己。故B项正确。3答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第四段中的Whenacaterpillar (毛虫) bitesatobaccoleaf, theleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.可知树根引起分泌出更多的尼古丁，故C
25、项正确。4答案与解析：B主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理学上的方法，有些采取了化学上的方法，使自己免受动物的伤害，保护自己。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了一个女孩在家乡小镇遭遇飓风后，尽自己的力量创建了一个信息分享网站来帮助人们重建家园。文章告诉我们：只要尽力，小人物也会有大贡献。5答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday, theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.可知Natalie回到Rockaway时，发现社区的房子都被毁了。故选
26、B。6答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句Inthefollowingfewday, themen.inspiredNatalie.可知，是那些帮助重建Rockaway的人们鼓舞了Natalie。故选A。7答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据文章第七段第一句Shecreatedawebsitepage, matchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.可知，Natalie创建了一个信息共享平台来帮助幸存者。故选D。8答案与解析：A写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个小女孩在家乡遭遇飓风后，尽自己的力量帮助幸存者的故事。文章旨在告诉我
27、们：在危机来临时，每个人都可以贡献出自己的一份力量。A项“小人物也会有大贡献”符合文章主旨。故选A。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在世界心理健康日这天，墨尔本办公室的工作人员为提高人们的心理健康意识，举行了各种形式的募捐活动。9答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“toraisefundsforReachOutAustraliaanonlinementalhealthorganizationforyoungpeopleandtheirparents”可知，墨尔本办公室的工作人员之所以组织早茶活动是为了帮助一个在线心理健康组织筹款。故选D。10答案与解析：D指代判断题。根据画线词
28、前一句“Mentalhealthdaysarepersonaldaystakenoffofworkthatarenotdeducted (扣除) fromannualleavebalances.”以及画线词所在句中的“toenableemployeestopracticeselfcareandspendtimedoingmoreofwhatmakesthemfeelhappyandrefreshed”可知，心理健康日不会扣除年假，属于自己的私人时间，这个节日的设立能够鼓励员工自我关心并花时间做更多让自己开心和放松的事。由此可推知，They指代的是“mentalhealthdays”。故选D。1
29、1答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“BeingabletoraisemoneyforReachOutAustraliaissomeaningful”以及最后一句“Supportinganorganizationthataimstoprovidefree, accessible, andimmediatehelpisreallymeaningfultoeveryonehere.”可知，对于大家来说，帮助ReachOutAustralia组织筹款是很有意义的，因为这个组织可以为有需要的人提供帮助。由此可推知，我们应该支持这个组织来帮助那些有心理健康问题的人。故选C。12答案与解析：C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在世界心理健康日这天，墨尔本办公室的工作人员为提高人们的心理健康意识，举行了各种形式的募捐活动。C项很好地概括了文章主旨。故选C。
