1、Unit 5Meeting your ancestors阅读单词1.archaeology n考古学2excavate vt. 挖掘；发掘3acute adj. 有观察力的4mat n. 席子；垫子5scrape vt. 擦净；削平6.bead n小珠子；滴7seashell n. 海贝壳8category n. 种类；类别9skateboard n. 滑板10pulse vi.& n. 搏动；脉搏写作单词1.tentative adj.试探性的；不确定的2centimetre n. 厘米3alternative n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的4somehow adv. 以方式；不
2、知怎么地5regardless adv. 不管；不顾6album n. 相册；集邮册；唱片7ample adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的；丰富的8scrape n. (刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏9dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的10primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的11howl v. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫n. 长嚎；嗥叫12spit vt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)vi. 吐痰13delete vt. 删；删除14seashell n. 海贝壳15pulse vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n. 脉搏；节拍16category n.
3、 种类；类别；范畴17arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引n. 逮捕；拘留18kindergarden n. 幼儿园19ripen vt. 使成熟20skillful adj. 有技巧的语境活用1He continued speaking，regardless(不顾)of my feelings on the matter.2The police have arrested (逮捕) almost everybody who is involved in the murder.3Its not manners to spit (吐痰) in the street.4Please delete (删
4、除) the documents that you dont want to keep in the computer.5Somehow (不知怎么地)，the old man wants to live in the countryside.6In addition，WeChat is a wonderful platform for people to share an ample (丰富的)amount of information.7He has no alternative(可能的选择) but to try hard to finish it on time.8Weve drawn
5、 up a tentative (试探性的)program for the next two weeks.拓展单词1.identify vt.确认；识别；鉴别identification n辨认；鉴定identity n身份；一致；同一性2starvation n挨饿；饿死starve vi.挨饿；饿死3accuracy n精确；准确accurate adj.准确的；精确的accurately adv.准确地；精确地4interrupt v打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止interruption n打断；打岔；中止5assume vt. 假定；设想assuming conj.假设assumpti
6、on n. 设想；假定；担任6sharpen v(使) 锋利；尖锐；清晰；削尖sharp adj. 锋利的sharpener n磨具；削具7messy adj.凌乱的；脏的mess n凌乱；脏8botanical adj.植物学的；与植物学有关的botany n植物学9analysis n分析analyses (pl.)analyse vt.分析10significance n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义significant adj.重要的11academy n学院；学会；学术团体；院校academic adj.学术的12receptionist n接待员；招待员receive v接收rec
7、eption n接待；接收13radioactivity n放射性radioactive adj.放射性的；有辐射能的14division n划分；分割；分配；分界线divide v分开；分割；划分15applaud v鼓掌欢迎；赞赏applause n鼓掌16accelerate v加速；促进acceleration n加速度语境活用1The program started again after a twoyear interruption(interrupt)2She doesnt know how to tidy up the messy (mess) room.3No sooner
8、had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause (applaud)4It was a race against time to stop people dying from starvation (starve)5She looked at him across the table and gave him a significant (significance)smile.6The company is cutting production costs in an attempt
9、 to sharpen (sharp)its competitive edge.7Many parents opposed the division (divide) of the classes into different sets.8With the teachers help，I analysed (analysis) the data of this experiment.第一组短语识记1.cut up切碎2look ahead 向前看；为将来打算3scare away 把吓跑4fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦5with/in relief 轻松地；如释重负地语境活用1.W
10、e all sighed with/in relief when the plane finally landed safely.2Fed up with the life here，I determined to flee the city.3Tony，why are your eyes red?I have been cutting up peppers for the last five minutes.第二组短语识记1.at most至多；最多2be aware of 知道；意识到3regardless of 不管；不顾4date back to 追溯到；始于5keep out 关在门
11、外；不准入内语境活用Last Sunday，our class visited the history museum in our city 1.regardless of the hot weather.In the museum，we saw an old stone which was said to be a scraper used by our ancestors.The stone scraper 2.dates back to the Xia Dynasty.When we were told its use，we 3.were aware of our ancestors w
12、isdom.填写课本佳句1.Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.是的，很对。正如植物学的分析展示给我们的那样，这儿四周曾是一个很大的浅水湖的一部分。2If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！3Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by
13、 her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.她突然坐了下来，结果被又笑又叫的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。1alternative adj. 供选择的；其他的n.可能的选择；选择对象教材原句Can you think of the alternatives we would use today?你能想到我们今天使用的替代品吗？(1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事an alternative to. 的替代品(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地(2018江苏卷)With the data in mind，a
14、rt students need not worry about their career and have an alternative plan.The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating (communicate) with others.2interrupt vt.& vi.打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止教材原句Im sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here?对不起，打断了你的讲话，但他们怎么能住在这个地方呢？(1)be in
15、terrupted by被打断/阻断(2)interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物without interruption 连续地；不断地She spoke for 50 minutes without interruption (interrupt)Its bad manners to interrupt (interrupt)others when they are talking.完成句子Im sorry that I interrupt your rest.我很抱歉打扰你休息。3assume vt.假定；设想教材原句So we think it is reasonabl
16、e to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。(1)assume.to be.假定/假设是It is assumed that. 一般认为(2)assumption n假定；假设make an assumption 认为；假定(3)assuming(that). 假设/假定It is wrong to assume (assume) arts groups can not make a profit.(2018江苏卷) Try to understand whats
17、actually happening instead of acting on the assumption (assume) youve made.It is generally assumed(assume) that stress is caused by too much work.4date back(to.)追溯到；始于教材原句All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.所有的这些物
18、品都来自于三星堆发掘现场，时间可以追溯到3 000至5 000年前之间。(1)date from追溯到；始于；起源于(2)out of date 过时的(3)up to date (with.) 赶上(的)潮流It can date back to her childhood when she learned to play the piano.The old town dates (date) back to the late seventeenth century.The festival，dating(date) back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate
19、 the harvest in autumn，is held in November every year.5significance n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义In my view，practicing handwriting is of great significance (significant) to the students growth.It is significant (significance) that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.(1)be
20、of significance to.对有重要意义(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的 It is significant that 是重要的6regardless of不管，不顾She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.Dr.Bethune continued working in spite of cutting (cut) his hand during an operation.With regard to my favorite Chinese poet，Id like to introduc
21、e Du Fu to you.(1)regardless of.(强调不认为重要，从而不加以重视或考虑)(2)despite/in spite of 尽管但是(后常接名词，不接从句)(3)with regard to 关于；至于If_only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！(1)“If only句子”是一个固定句型，表示一种愿望，意为“要是就好了/但愿”。(2)if only.could/would/mightdo.表示对将来事情的愿望if only.did. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望
22、if only.had done. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望完成句子If only I could go back and reset my goals.要是我能够回去重启我的目标该多好呀。If only I were slimmer，more beautiful，richer，more clever，then I would be happier.要是我更苗条、更漂亮、更富有、更聪明一些，那么我会更高兴。only if中的only仅起强调作用，意为“只要”。另外“only if”从句放在句首，主句要倒装。.课文里的高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A gro
23、up of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archaeologist is showing them round.The archaeologists have been excavating here for many years.After finding (find) human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects，they think it
24、is reasonable (reason) to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.They discovered fireplaces in the center of the caves where they made fires.Some evidence suggests (suggest) that our ancestors did wear clothes made (make) from animal skins.The archaeologist also shows the students a
25、 primitive necklace preserved (preserve) quite well.Indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown，all the fields around here used (use) to be part of a large shallow lake.Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside on their journeys.话题微写作假如你班学生参观了周口店遗址，请根据以下内容写一篇英语文章
26、介绍一下游览情况：1原始人生活状况：面对野兽和饥饿；2原始人常用器具：席子用作被子；石头(磨出刃)切东西、或用于做长矛和锤子；用贝壳装饰；3游览注意事项；不随地吐痰、大声喊叫或鼓掌；4游览评价，吸引全班同学的注意力。注意：1尽量多地使用本单元的知识点；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3根据以上要点，写一篇100词左右的短文。范文Its a great honour for us to pay a visit to the Zhoukoudian caves.We learned the living conditions of primitive people.They had to face
27、 beasts and starvation for lack of ample food.They used mats as quilts，sharpened stones to cut up things and make simple spears and hammers，and seashells to decorate themselves.During the visit，the teacher told us that it was bad manners to spit，howl and applaud loud.Most significantly，one shouldnt
28、interrupt the speaking of the guide regardless of any situations.This visit arrests the attention of the whole class.第40讲文章衔接语(五)九、表示总结的过渡性词语in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a/one word, to sum up，all in all, on the whole, in general等。In short, playing basketball enriches my life and makes me mo
29、re confident.总之，打篮球丰富我的生活，使我更加自信。In a word, if we had such a magic watch, our life would become more convenient.总之，如果我们能有这么一块有魔力的手表，我们的生活将会更加方便。补全句子1总之，一个好市民应该遵守交通规则。In a word/In conclusion/In short/In brief/To sum up， a good citizen should observe traffic regulations.2总的来说，我发现自行车比摩托车更令人喜欢。On the wh
30、ole/In general， I find a bike more enjoyable than a motorcycle.基础巩固单句语法填空1The pupil cant even sharpen (sharp) a pencil properly.2Heart of appreciation is of great significance in our lives.3He added that probiotics(益生菌)were not an alternative to a healthy diet.4It is commonly assumed (assume) that t
31、he growth of GDP and the development of peoples living conditions are not necessarily cause and effect.5The escaped prisoner got arrested (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.6In contrast to our ignorance of saving food，many people especially those in
32、 povertystricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve)7It is very annoying to_be_interrupted (interrupt) by advertisement at intervals.8Marty has_been_working (work) really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.9He hurried to the airport only to_be_told (tell) that th
33、e film star had left.10I didnt see you at the concert last week.What a pity!If only I had_afforded (afford) the time.能力提升 .阅读理解Money_with_no_strings_attached. Its not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pin
34、s and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on.And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board.“People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic(社会经济的)backgrounds gave and took，”said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the pro
35、ject.“We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties.The video clip(片段)shows one man who had found a $20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say for the folks
36、 that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles，” Bridges said.“Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.” Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip m
37、ight look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days，” he said.“Some days you need a
38、helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”语篇导读这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上用别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的”。这样的活动吸引了各种各样的人，组织者希望通过这样的活动来提倡仁慈和同情。1What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean?AMoney spent without hesitation.BMoney not leg
39、ally made.CMoney offered without conditions.DMoney not tied together.解析：C词义猜测题。由第一段“But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read，Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”可知，但是上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上用别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你
40、所需要的。”所以通过下文的语境，判断出第一段中的“Money with no strings attached”是“无条件提供的钱”的意思。故C选项正确。2What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride? AWomen tended to be more sociable.BThe activity attracted various people.CEconomic problems were getting worse.DYoung couples needed financial assistance.解析：B推理判断题。由第二
41、段“People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic(社会经济的)backgrounds gave and took，said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project.We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.”可知，发起该项活动的泰勒布里奇斯说：“所有年龄、种族和社会经济背景的人都会付出和索取。”甚至有一位穿着婚纱的新娘来到了牌子前，拿走了一些钱。所以通过
42、泰勒布里奇斯所说的，可以判断出，他提到新娘就是想说明这项活动吸引了各种各样的人。故B选项正确。3Why did Bridges carry out the project? ATo do a test on peoples morals.BTo raise money for his company.CTo earn himself a good reputation.DTo promote kindness and sympathy.解析：D细节理解题。由倒数第二段“While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridg
43、es said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.”可知，尽管这段视频看起来像是一项新的广告活动的一部分，但是布里奇斯说这次活动唯一的目标是表现出慷慨和同情。所以布里奇斯实施这个活动是为了提倡仁慈和同情。故D选项正确。.完形填空Growing up，I always hid my thumbs(拇指)in my fists because of their unusual shape._1_they do look more like big toes(脚趾)_2_thumbs.And from an early age，my
44、thumbs _3_another name“toe thumbs”In high school，I served as a cashier in a grocery store.One day，I was _4_the bill of a sweet little old lady and as I _5_her change back to her，she suddenly took my hands and said in a thick Polish_6_，“You are Polish！Look at those _7_Polish thumbs！They match mine！”S
45、he raised her hands and _8_her thumbs to me that _9_weathered and wrinkled，looked exactly like mine！She _10_my hands again and said，“Be_11_of those thumbs！”Ill never forget that 30second _12_with a stranger that forever _13_my view of a part of me I once was _14_at and now accept.As I was eating din
46、ner with my son，Samuel，that night，he looked down at my hand _15_on the table next to his and said，“Mommy！Our thumbs _16_！”I smiled and answered，“Yes，they do，buddy！Those are strong Polish _17_you have！Take pride in them！Maybe someday youll have a little boy or girl who will have the same thumbs！”I _1
47、8_my son never hides his thumbs like I did.I hope hell be proud of their“unusualness”and the _19_behind them.He inherits a(n)_20_part from me and that for me will always be beautiful!语篇导读本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位好心的顾客促使我勇于面对自己异常的大拇指，建立自己“独特”的自尊、自爱和自豪感的故事。1A.FortunatelyBAdmittedlyCNormally DBasically解析：B不可否认，它们
48、的确看起来更像大脚趾，而不是大拇指。fortunately “幸运地”；admittedly“诚然，不可否认地”；normally“正常地”；basically “基本地，本质上”。2A.other than Bdue to Cinstead of Dalong with解析：C参见上题解析。instead of“代替，而不是”符合语境。other than“除了以外”；due to“由于，因为”；along with“与一起，与同样地”。3A.earned BclonedCfound Ddeserved解析：A根据前一句中的“they do look more like big toes(脚
49、趾)”可知，我的大拇指赢得了另外一个名字“toe thumbs”。earn“赚得，挣得，赢得”；clone“克隆”；deserve“应得，应受到”。4A.checking out Bhunting forCtalking with Dwatching over解析：A一天，我正在核实一位和蔼可亲的、身材娇小的老太太的账单。check out“检查，核实”；watch over“照管，监督”。5A.paid BchargedCdonated Dcounted解析：D正当我数好零钱给她的时候，她突然抓住我的手。charge“收费，要价”；donate“捐赠，捐献”；count“点数目”。6A.tu
50、ne BvoiceClanguage Daccent解析：D她用浓重的波兰口音说：“你是波兰人。”accent“口音”符合语境。tune“曲调，调子”；voice“声音，嗓音”；language“语言”。7A.beautiful BstrangeClong Dclumsy解析：A根据下文可知，老太太是在赞美这些独特的大拇指，且文章最后一句出现了beautiful，故此处选beautiful。clumsy“笨拙的，不灵活的”。8A.passed BshowedCrecommended Doffered解析：B她举起她的手，把她的大拇指给我看。show“给看”；recommend“建议，推荐”。9
51、A.till BunlessCalthough Donce解析：C尽管她的大拇指历经岁月风霜，皱纹斑斑，但是它们看起来和我的完全一样。根据语境，此处应为although引导的让步状语从句，在although与weathered之间省略了“her thumbs were”。10A.raised BinspectedCexamined Dheld解析：D根据上文中的“she suddenly took my hands”和空处后面的“my hands again”可知，她又一次抓住我的手，故选held。raise“举起，抬起”；inspect“视察，检查”；examine“检查”。11A.prou
52、d BskepticalCafraid Dsure解析：A根据下文中的“Take pride in them”和“be proud of ”可知，此处应选proud，be proud of “对感到骄傲/自豪”。skeptical“怀疑的”。12A.appointment BbargainCconversation Ddeal解析：C根据上文可知，我与这位陌生人进行了30秒的交谈。conversation“交谈”符合语境。appointment“约会”；bargain“讨价还价”；deal“交易”。13A.supported BchangedCproved Dhurt解析：B这次交谈永远改变(
53、changed)了我对自己的身体的一部分(大拇指)的看法，我曾经为这一部分(大拇指)感到尴尬，现在我接受了。support“支持”；prove“证明”；hurt“伤害”。14A.amazed BterrifiedCdelighted Dembarrassed解析：D参见上题解析。be embarrassed at“对感到尴尬”。amazed“惊讶的”；terrified“非常害怕的”；delighted“高兴的”。15A.scratching BrestingCknocking Ddrawing解析：B那天晚上当我和我的儿子Samuel一起吃饭的时候，他低头看我的手，我的手靠在桌子上，紧挨着他
54、的手。他说：“妈咪，我们的大拇指一样。”rest“支撑，倚靠”。16A.differ BfitCfight Dmatch解析：D参见上题解析。且根据文章第二段中的“They match mine” 可知，此处应选match“相配，相一致”。differ“有区别”；fit“适合”；fight“打斗，争吵”。17A.fists BthumbsCtoes Dhands解析：B根据上下文的内容可知，此处应选thumbs。18A.guarantee BfigureCpray Dinsist解析：C根据语境，此处表示我祈祷(pray)我的儿子不要像我一样藏起他的大拇指。guarantee“保证”；figu
55、re“认为，以为”；insist“坚持认为”。19A.scene BlessonChistory Dmoment解析：C我希望他将会为他的大拇指的“独特之处”和其背后的历史(history)感到骄傲。20A.unique BelegantCauthentic Dsensitive解析：A根据文章第一段第一句中的“unusual shape”和空前一句中的“unusualness” 可知，他遗传了我身体中独特的部分，故选unique“独特的”。elegant“优雅的”；authentic“真实的”；sensitive“敏感的”。.书面表达假设你是学生李华，在某英文网站上看到一则告示，内容关于向全
56、球中学生征集他们感兴趣的话题。请你用英文给该网站发邮件向其推荐话题。内容包括：1个人简介：姓名、年龄、国籍；2话题主题：和平、感恩、幸福；3推荐理由。注意：1词数100左右(开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Sir/Madam，_Yours，Li Hua参考范文Dear_Sir/Madam，I am Li Hua，a boy/girl of 18，and I come from China.From your website Ive learned that topics which interest us are being collected.
57、Id like to recommend a topic，the theme of which is peace，gratitude and happiness.As you see，China，my lovely homeland，is now standing ahead in the world with a new look.As a young Chinese student，Im feeling very proud and grateful.In the warm arms of our motherland we are now enjoying a peaceful and happy life.So Im eager to share my topic with all the young people around the world.Expecting my recommendation suits you.Yours， Li_Hua
