1、Unit 8 Green Living Lesson 3 White Bikes on the Road学习目标1. 掌握本节生词、短语及句型的表达与运用。2. 掌握词类的转换的用法。3. 通过课堂练习，对课文内容有更深入的了解。知识运用1. benefit词性：_ 意思：_be of benefit to sb. = be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处for the benefit of 为了的利益benefit from/ by 从中受益，得益于A benefit B = B benefit from Abeneficial adj. 有益的练习：The two cou
2、ntries will _ from free trade.2. convenience词性：_ 意思：_for convenience 为方便起见at sbs convenience 在某人方便时convenient adj. 方便的，便利的It is/ was convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事if sth. is convenient to sb. 如果某事对某人来说方便的话练习：I kept my reference book near my desk for _.3. come up with 意思：_keep up with 与保持一致；不落
3、后catch up with 赶上;追上put up with 忍受team up with 与合作，协作练习：At the conference a large number of participants _ original theories.阅读探究1 What does the title White Bikes on the Road mean?2 What does the writer mean by saying Where will bike-sharing go in China? You decide.?句型梳理 1.（教材P36）They believed that
4、it would be better for everybody if cars werent allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.他们认为，如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车，这会让所有人都受益。此句为that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句，所以that不可省略；条件状语从句中含有and引导的并列句，其中 only bicycles were是一个省略句，完整的结构为：only bicycles were allowed in the city centre。that引导的宾语从句that引导宾语从句时
5、，在以下情况that不可省略：主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it作形式宾语的宾语从句宾语从句中含有主从复合句主句谓语动词和that从句之间有插入语或者主句的状语It is a pity that he has made such a mistake.很遗憾他犯了这样的错误。The reason is that he is careless.原因是他粗心大意。The news that our team won the match inspired us.我们队赢得比赛的消息鼓舞了我们。I dont think it necessary that you should read English a
6、loud.我认为你不必大声朗读英语。 They promised me that if I worked hard from then on, they would buy me a computer.他们答应我，如果我从那时起努力工作，他们会给我买一台电脑。 I dont doubt, in any case, that we will win.无论如何，我不怀疑我们会赢。注意：and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略也可以不省略，但其它that不能省略。He told me (that) his father had died and that he had to ma
7、ke a living alone.他告诉我他父亲去世了，他不得不独自谋生。语法解析语法：词类的转换词类的转换就是词自身形式不变，但词性转换为另外一种词性。一、转换为名词1. 动词转换为名词有大量动词可以转换为名词，这些转换的名词一般表示原来的动作或状态，意思没有太大的变化。Let me have a try. 我来试一试。We stopped there for a swim. 我们在那里停下来游了一会儿泳。这类名词通常可以和动词构成短语，表示一个动作。have a (n) look/ chat/ talk/ wash/ swim/ rest/ try/ quarrel/ smoke/ li
8、e/ read/ dream/ run/ fight/ walk/ ride/ drink/ laugh/ dance/ bath/ wish/ win/ fear/ love/ shave/ debate/ interview/ taste, etc.make a study/ guess/ visit/ call/ survey/ jump/ slip/ change/ search/ stay/ start/ reply/ remark/ fight/ purchase/ sacrifice/ demand/ show/ deal, etc.2. 形容词转换为名词部分形容词特别是表示颜色
9、的形容词通常可以转换为名词；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数形式。You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼上应该穿黑色衣服。The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。二、转换为动词1. 名词转换为动词（1）许多表示物件的名词可以转换为动词来表示动作。Have you booked your ticket?你的票已经订好了吗？Who chaired
10、the meeting?谁主持会议？It can seat one thousand people.它能容纳一千人。（2）一些表示身体部位的名词也可以转换为动词。Hand in your exercise books, please.请把你的练习本交上来。She has been appointed to head the research team.她受命领导研究小组。We should shoulder these responsibilities.我们应当肩负起这些责任来。（3）一些表示某类人的名词也可以转换为动词。You dont fool me!不要骗我！He insisted on
11、 staying up to nurse the child.他坚持不睡觉来照料这个小孩。2. 形容词转换为动词The train slowed down to half its speed.火车速度减慢到一半。Please warm up the dish over the stove.请把菜放在炉子上加热一下。The room gradually quieted down.房子里慢慢静了下来。三、其他转换的情况This is a repeat performance of their old policy.这是他们的故伎重演。We began to march north.我们开始向北进军
12、。注意：有个别词在一定的场合下可用作名词。His argument contains too many ifs and buts.他在说理时“如果”和“但是”用得太多了。This book is a must for students of electronics.这本书对于学电子学的学生来说是必修课。Have you considered the why and how of the plan?你考虑过制订这一计划的原因和方式吗？四、通过读音转换有一些词可以词形不变，但重音发生变化时，词性也相应地改变了。较常见的是一些双音节词，作动词时重音在后，作名词时重音在前。单词作动词作名词digest
13、/dadest/ 消化/dadest/ 摘要，文章export/kspt/ 输出，出口/ekspt/ 出口import/mpt/ 进口，输入/mpt/ 进口permit/pmt/ 准许，允许/pmt/ 许可证present/przent/ 颁发；上演/preznt/ 礼物record/rkd/ 记录；录音/rekd/ 记录；唱片transfer/trnsf(r)/ 转学；调往/trnsf(r)/ 转送；过户transport/trnspt/ 运输，运送/trnspt/ 运输练习：按要求写出下面单词对应的正确形式1. dress v. 给穿衣服 _ n. 连衣裙；衣服2. look v. 看，寻
14、找 _ n. 看，眼神，脸色3. change v. 改变 _ n. 变化，改变4. boat n. 船 _ v. 划船5. dust n. 灰尘，尘埃 _ v. 拂去灰尘6. free adj. 免费的，自由的 _ v. 释放，解放7. slow adj. 缓慢的 _ v. 使减速8. clean v. 打扫 _ adj. 干净的9. close v. 关闭 _ adj. 接近的10. daily adj. 每日的 _ n. 日报答案知识运用1. benefit 2. convenience 3. came up with阅读探究1 White bikes on the road refer
15、s to white bikes being used to ride around the streets of a city. Apart from the literal meaning, the title can also mean that the effort to implement White bikes projects takes time and its still on the way. Therere still aspects that need to be improved.2 Young people like the students will determ
16、ine how successful bikesharing is in the future by deciding whether or not and how much they want to use it. It can also mean that whether or not bikesharing can exist successfully depends on each individual. Everyone has to take the responsibility to take care of bikesharing so that it can last longer and help people better.语法解析1. dress 2. look 3. change 4. boat 5. dust 6. free 7. slow 8. clean 9. close 10. daily
