1、 (一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高.阅读词汇读懂默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。1.boundary n2.tackle v3.endure v.rade n. 5.tragic adj. bat v.7.disinfect v. munist adj. 9.miracle n.10.ward n. 11.cast v. 12.joint adj.13.mount v. 14.slave n. 15.relieve v.16.liberty n. 17.union n,自主核对区1分界线；边界2.处理，对付(难题)3.持续存在4.同志；朋友5.悲惨的，不幸的6.防止
2、，抑制7.为消毒，给杀菌8.共产主义的9.意外的幸运事；奇迹10.病房11.选派(角色)12.联合的，共同的13.走上，登上14.奴隶15.给(某人)换班16.自由17.联邦.核心词汇练通辨词义写词形1clinic n诊所；门诊部2twin adj. 双胞胎的3mankind n. 人类4specialist n. 专家5altogether adv. 完全6nobly adv. 高尚地；崇高地7devotion n. 关爱；奉献；热心入语境重活用1(2020江苏卷)The outbreak(爆发) of COVID19 has meant an abrupt change in our li
3、fe and work.2(2019全国卷)Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics(数据) from the report.3(2019天津卷)Understanding history is vital(重要的) to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.4(2018北京卷)Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to exp
4、erience the authentic tea culture, which turned out to be extremely rewarding(值得的).拓展词汇用活1assist v协助，帮助，援助assistant n助手，助理；售货员 adj.辅助的；助理的；有帮助的assistance n协助，援助；辅助设备2division n分歧，分裂；分割，划分，分配；分界线divide vt.划分；分开3influential adj.有影响力的influence v影响 n影响；有影响的人(或事物)4infectious adj.传染性的infect v传染，感染infectio
5、n n传染；传染病5realistic adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的；现实的；逼真的reality n现实，事实realise vt.实现；意识到6harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；和谐的；协调的harmony n和谐，协调，融洽7civil adj.公民的，国民的civilian adj.平民的，百姓的 n平民，老百姓语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1Peoples life here is full of harmony and at the same time, humans and nature make a harmonious picture.(harmony)2Sh
6、e is very good at making friends and influencing people, so she has a great influence on me and I like this influential girl.(influence)3In reality,_I have realised that I must stop daydreaming and be realistic(realise)4Tom is an assistant teacher in the college. He often assists the students with t
7、heir problems and gives assistance to any student in need.(assist)(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高单元短语再现1bring_forth使产生，使出现2._in_vain 白白地3regardless_of 不管，不顾4put_sb._at_risk 使某人处于危险中5give_up_on 对不再抱希望6be_caught_up_in 被牵扯进，被卷入7not_to_mention 更不用提8in_memory_of 为了纪念9at_a_great_cost 付出巨大代价10step_by_step 逐步地11be_en
8、gaged_in 从事；忙于语境活用选用左栏短语填空1The prisoner escaped through a hole in the wall last night, but in_vain2Our friend will bring_forth this question at the meeting.3(江苏卷)In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless_of time and space.4We will build a monument in_memory
9、_of those who sacrificed their lives for our country.5. She was_engaged_in charity and became a famous person at home and abroad.6For other countries, the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on, not_to_mention the better communication among those co
10、untries.会积累(日积月累，联想发散)1.以“ic”结尾的形容词“ally”构成副词tragic adj.悲惨的tragically adv.悲惨地historic adj.历史性的historically adv.历史地electric adj.电动的electrically adv.用电地scientific adj.科学的scientifically adv.科学地energetic adj.精力充沛的energetically adv.有活力地2.以“ious”结尾的形容词harmony n和谐harmonious adj.和谐的ambition n野心ambitious adj
11、.有野心的anxiety n焦虑anxious adj.忧虑的curiosity n好奇心curious adj.好奇的3.以“ial”结尾的形容词influential有影响的beneficial 有益的commercial 商业的facial 面部的financial 金融的social 社会的official 官方的special 特别的(三)重点句型仿写熟记公式，练原句，表达高背佳句明句型巧仿写It assists people based on need, regardless of which country they are from.它根据需要帮助人们，不管他们来自哪个国家。介
12、词宾语从句1.(2020天津卷7月)因为我擅长的东西而被接受真是太好了。It was so good to feel accepted for_what_Im_good_at.续表背佳句明句型巧仿写Channels of communication，such as the mobile phone and the Internet, have made it possible to speak instantly with someone on the other side of the planet，enabling us to form close connections with peo
13、ple of completely different cultures. 通过手机和互联网等交流渠道，我们可以与地球另一端的人即时交谈，从而使我们能够与文化背景完全不同的人建立密切联系。现在分词短语作结果状语2.(2018江苏卷)在这期间，大约13 500个新的工作被创造，超过市场分析师坚持的12 000个的预期数量。 Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period, exceeding_the_expected_number_of_12，000 held by market analysts.Now it was up to th
14、e living to remove not only the divisions between North and South，but the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.现在，活着的人不仅要消除南北之间的隔阂，而且要消除黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步地努力实现人类的平等。“It is up to sb. to do.”意为“由某人决定做”3.是否继续上这一门课程由她决定。Its_up_to_her_to_decide whether o
15、r not to go on with the course. assistv协助，帮助，援助先练会单句语法填空Were looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us with the groups work.With the assistance(assist) of his teacher, he gradually adjusted to the school life.Here are some good sources of information to assist you in making(make) the
16、best selection.再写美微写作我希望你能帮助我们更多地了解英国和西方文化，这能增进我们的理解并有助于我们建立良好的关系。I hope you can assist_us_to_learn_more_about_England_and_western_culture,_which can increase our understanding and help build good relationships between us.(1)assist sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事assist sb. with
17、 sth. 帮助某人某事(2)assistance n. 帮助；协助with the assistance/help of 在的帮助下(3)assistant n. 助手，助理；售货员佳句背诵 To assist the students in learning Chinese better，our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.为了帮助学生更好地学习汉语，我们学校决定给你们的汉语班捐赠一些图书。 vitaladj.极其重要的；生气勃勃的；必不可少的先练会单句语法填空(2019天津卷)Understa
18、nding history is vital to understanding_(understand) ourselves as a people and as a nation.Whats more, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to_obey(obey) traffic rules.再写美微写作(2018全国卷满分作文)此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。Besides, its_vital_that_you_should_mind_your_table_manners in
19、 China when you attend a dinner party. be vital for/to.对极为重要be of vital importance to. 对至关重要It is vital that sb. (should) do sth.对某人来说，做某事是极重要的。 佳句背诵 If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, its vital that we should begin with small things.如果我们想在环境保护方面有所作为，重要的一点是我们应该从小事做起。名师点津 It
20、is necessary/vital/important that.(should) do sth.，should 可以省略。 rewardingadj.值得做的，有意义的；有益的先练会单句语法填空Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded(reward) with a beautiful view.(2020全国卷满分作文)Every one of us considered the picking both meaningful and rewarding(reward)再写美一句多译我非常乐意带你游玩北京以报答你的慷慨相助
21、。Im more than willing to show you around Beijing in_reward_for_your_generous_help(reward n)Im more than willing to show you around Beijing as_a_reward_for_your_generous_help(reward n)Im more than willing to show you around Beijing to_reward_you_for_your_generous_help(reward vt.)(1)reward v酬谢；奖励，奖赏 n
22、. 奖金；回报；报酬reward sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人reward sb.with sth. 用某物奖赏/回报某人(2)in reward for. 为奖赏；为报答as a reward for. 作为对的奖赏/回报 佳句背诵 You are bound to have an unforgettable and rewarding experience in China.在中国，你一定会有一次难忘且有收获的经历。(2018北京卷书面表达) divisionn分歧，分裂；分割，划分，分配；分界线先练会单句语法填空When you go to the
23、 library, you will find all of the books are divided into different categories.Many parents opposed the division(divide) of the classes into different sets.Divide the cake into halves/in half and then give them to the two people.We worked together and divided the work between/among us.再写美句式升级(普通表达)I
24、f you divide 21 by 3，you will get 7.(高级表达)21_divided_by_3_equals_7.(过去分词作定语)divide vt. 划分；分开be divided into 被分开；被 (划)分成divide.between/among. 在之间分配divide.by. 除以 名师点津 表示把某物分成几部分，可与in和into连用，其区别是：若divide后面只有数词(即数词后没有名词)，则可用in或into；若divide后的数词后接有名词，则通常只能用into。如：Divide the apple in/into four(into four pa
25、rts) bring forth使产生，使出现；提出先练会单句语法填空Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.The test can strengthen the health awareness, but it is likely to bring about overanxiety.He encouraged his students to constantly bring forth new ideas in painting and to obtain even better re
26、sults.再写美微写作把手伸进袋子里，拿出一把小麦样品。He dipped into the bag and brought_out_a_handful_of_sample_wheat政府已采取措施降低日用品的高价格，以保持市场稳定。The government has taken measures to bring_down_the_high_prices_of_daily_goods to keep the market stable.bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐bring about 引起；造成bring down 让降下来，使倒下bring in 引进；收入；领进来b
27、ring out 出版；拿出，揭露 佳句背诵 On (the) one hand, computers improve the working efficiency；on the other hand，they also bring about some new problems.一方面，计算机提高了工作效率；另一方面，它们也带来了一些新的问题。 influentialadj.有影响力的先练会单句语法填空(2020新高考山东卷)To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted t
28、wo experiments.The growth of these vegetables is_influenced(influence) by seasonal variations.She is one of the most influential(influence) figures in local politics.What influenced you to_take(take) up nursing?再写美一句多译梵高影响了现代绘画的发展。Van Gogh had_an_influence_on the development of modern painting.(infl
29、uence n)Van Gogh influenced the development of modern painting.(influence v)Van Gogh had_an_effect_on the development of modern painting.(effect n)influence v影响 n. 影响；有影响的人(或事物)influence sb. to do. 影响某人做be influenced by. 受的影响have an influence on/upon. 对起作用/有影响under the influence of. 在的影响下under ones
30、influence 在某人的影响下 佳句背诵 It was under his influence that I began to show an interest in learning English.正是在他的影响下我开始对学习英语感兴趣。 现在分词短语作结果状语(教材原句)Channels of communication，such as the mobile phone and the Internet, have made it possible to speak instantly with someone on the other side of the planet, ena
31、bling us to form close connections with people of completely different cultures.通过手机和互联网等交流渠道，我们可以与地球另一端的人即时交谈，从而使我们能够与文化背景完全不同的人建立密切联系。先练会单句语法填空She threw the toy on the ground, breaking(break) it into pieces.They reached the company out of breath, only to_be_told(tell) they were fired.He went out o
32、f the room with few clothes on, only feeling(feel) rather cold.(1)现在分词短语作结果状语常表示意料或情理之中的结果，其逻辑主语常常是整个主句。(2)不定式短语作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果，不定式短语前常加only。 佳句背诵 (1)Some students spend too much time on QQ and WeChat, making their teachers and parents worried.一些学生在QQ和微信上花了太多时间，让他们的老师和家长很担心。(2)Nature has provided Sh
33、angriLa with endless natural treasures, making the land a happy home for the local people.大自然为香格里拉提供了无数的自然宝藏，使得这片土地成为当地人民的幸福家园。 “It is up to sb. to do.”意为“由某人决定做”(教材原句)Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, an
34、d work step by step towards the equality of humankind.现在，活着的人不仅要消除南北之间的隔阂，而且要消除黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步地努力实现人类的平等。先练会单句语法填空What shall we do tonight then?It is up to youwhatever you want.This is the only one of the oldest customs that has_been_kept(keep) in this district up to now.Hes not really up to seeing(
35、see) any visitors.再写美微写作这个调皮的小男孩现在很安静，他一定在搞什么名堂。The naughty boy is quiet now and he must_be_up_to_something(1)up to多达(2)be up to (doing) sth. 正在(做)某事；从事于；胜任(3)up to now 到目前为止(一般与现在完成时连用) 佳句背诵 Who do the passengers on board think it is up to to make a final decision about such a matter?在船上的乘客认为应该由谁来对
36、这样一个重大事件做出最终的决定呢？联想发散表达“胜任”的短语还有：be_equal_to；be_fit_for；be_qualified_for；be_adequate_to提能训练一阅读理解障碍词.语境辨义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(2020天津卷7月)Im relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think. adj.宽慰的2(2020全国卷)The story starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn, who ran awa
37、y from home and lived with his friend Jim, a former slave, on a raft on the Mississippi River. n奴隶.熟词生义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1Pressure is mounting on the government to change the law.v.逐步增加2(江苏卷)People not only cast online votes themselves，but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beauti
38、ful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”v.投票3Altogether, it was a delightful town garden, peaceful and secluded.adv.总体上说.一词多义1. 根据语境选出tackle的词性及含义Av.应付， 处理Bv.与某人交涉；向某人提起Cv.抓获；擒获(1)The first reason to tackle these problems is to save childrens lives._A_(2)I tackled him about the money he owed me._B_(3)He t
39、ackled a masked intruder at his home the day before yesterday._C_2. 根据语境选出altogether的词性及含义Aadv.完全， 全部Badv.总共， 一共Cadv.总之；总而言之(1)The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening._C_(2)The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether._A_(3)There are altogether ele
40、ven books on the shelf, of which five are mine._B_3. 根据语境选出devote的词性及含义(1)He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation._A_(2)He devoted a major section of his massive report to an analysis of US. aircraft design._B_4. 根据语境选出division的词性及含义An.分开；分隔Bn.除法Cn.分歧；不和Dn.部门En.分界线Fn.分配
41、(1)A hedge(树篱) forms the division between their land and ours._E_(2)I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six._B_(3)The current division of labour between workers and management will alter._F_(4)There are deep divisions in the team over the plan._C_(5)I received an MVP award from my
42、division for the extra efforts I put into one of our customer relationships._D_(6)In this study, the division of the population into age groups is reasonable._A_提能训练二话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)1补全要点句大学毕业后，我满怀挚爱，在社区开了一家诊所，为群众提供帮助。(devotion, clinic, assistance)After graduation from university, I was full_of
43、_devotion and opened_a_clinic_to_provide_assistance to the community.我整天忙于和病人打交道，一直走在减轻别人的痛苦的路上。(be engaged in, relieve)Ive been_engaged_in_dealing_with_patients all day, and Ive been on the way to relieve_other_peoples_pain不管天气如何，只要病人有需要，我就及时出现在他们身边，这让我赢得了大家的尊重。(regardless of)Regardless_of_the_weat
44、her,_as long as the patients need me, I will be there in time. That makes me win the respect of everyone.为了更好地为病人服务，我还经常与心理(psychological)专家联系，解决患者的心理问题。(specialist, tackle)In order to better serve the patients, I often contact_with_psychological_specialists_to_tackle_the_psychological_problems of p
45、atients.由于忙于工作，我忽略了父母，更别提孝顺(be filial to)他们了，这有时会引起误解。(not to mention, bring forth)Because I am busy with my work, I neglect my parents, not_to_mention_being_filial_to_them,_which sometimes brings_forth_misunderstanding今后我将尽力平衡两者之间的关系，为建立一个和谐的家庭而努力。(harmonious)In the future, I will try my best to ba
46、lance the relationship between the two and strive to build_a_harmonious_family2升级平淡句将句改为含有形容词短语作状语的句子After_graduation_from_university,_full_of_devotion,_I_opened_a_clinic_to_provide_assistance_to_the_community.将句改为含有定语从句的复合句Regardless_of_the_weather,_as_long_as_the_patients_need_me,_I_will_be_there_
47、in_time,_which_makes_me_win_the_respect_of_everyone.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：since then, however)_One possible version：After graduation from university, full of devotion, I opened a clinic to provide assistance to the community. Since then, Ive been engaged in dealing with patients all day, and Ive been
48、 on the way to relieve other peoples pain. Regardless of the weather, as long as the patients need me, I will be there in time, which makes me win the respect of everyone. In order to better serve the patients, I often contact with psychological specialists to tackle the psychological problems of pa
49、tients. However, because I am busy with my work, I neglect my parents, not to mention being filial to them, which sometimes brings forth misunderstanding. In the future, I will try my best to balance the relationship between the two and strive to build a harmonious family.提能训练三读后续写28用形容词和副词增加细节描述.翻译
50、实践(表示兴奋)普遍表达：当她听到她获奖时，她兴奋极了。When she heard that she won the prize, she felt thrilled/excited.概括描述：用 “upon/on doing”及适当的副词修饰形容词Upon/On_hearing_the_news that she won the prize, she felt extremely thrilled/excited.细节描述：增加兴奋的表现句型兴奋的表现：眼放光、心跳加速等句型： with抽象名词作状语一听到她得奖的消息，她的眼睛因兴奋而闪闪发光。Upon/On_hearing_the_ne
51、ws that she won the prize, her_eyes_shone/glowed_with_excitement一听到她得奖的消息，她因兴奋而心跳加速。Upon/On_hearing_the_news that she won the prize, her_heart_raced_with_excitement .迷你语料库修辞(figure of speech)暗喻(metaphor)1Life is an unexplored river, full of twists and turns, great beauty and dangerous surprises.2He
52、is a lying demon! A monster, not a man!3The old mans face is a map of time.4My heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill.5He doesnt have an idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say.6A heavy silence blanketed the room.7Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and s
53、ome few to be chewed and digested.A卷小题夯基练.语境填词1Frequent quarrels between my parents are nearly driving me crazy. If only I had a warm and harmonious(和谐的) family!2Our income has got smaller, so we must be realistic(现实的) and sell our car.3The primary task in the disaster area is to prevent the outbrea
54、k of infectious(传染的) diseases as well as providing water and food.4What exactly is the influence(影响) of television on children?5There can be no doubt that division(分工) of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.6I cant repair the computer myself, so we need to get some professional assistance(帮
55、助)7Qian Xuesen, who is regarded as Chinas father of space technology, devoted(致力于) himself to Chinas space activities.8He made considerable achievements and became a famous specialist(专家)9The twins(双胞胎) resemble closely in appearance, but are totally different in character.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1
56、To begin with, Id like to take this opportunity to extend my heartfelt appreciation to the kind assistance(assist) you have offered me during my stay in Canada.2For us，the top priority is to build a wellbeing and harmonious(harmony) community.3When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip s
57、aid he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)4Infectious(infect) diseases are spreading among many of the flood victims.5Make sure that your goals are realistic(real) and do not try for the impossible.6As an educational specialist(special), his grandmother is always invited to give lectures
58、 around the country.7The difficult sentence is divided(divide) into three parts.8The point is, not how long you live, but how nobly(noble) you live.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people are in the minority.2(2019全国卷)Both my parents had a
59、 great influence on/upon my choice of work. Instead of trying to pick out a job for me, they helped me learn those things that led me to it. 3It is vital that we should carry out the mature ideas immediately.4My dream is to get legal status in this country, regardless of what_people say.5All her tim
60、e devoted(devote) to doing the experiment，she had no time to ponder that question.6Its unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.7Divided(divide) into four groups, the students in the class put on the costumes and performed.8Up to now, organ donation has_saved(save) thousands of ch
61、ildren who would otherwise have died.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1他在朋友罗伯特弗罗斯特的影响下开始写诗。He begins writing poetry under_the_influence_of_his_friend,_Robert Frost.2由他来处理会上提出的问题。It_is_up_to_him_to_tackle_the_problem put forward at the meeting.3The snow lasted a week. It resulted in serious traffic confusion in the who
62、le area.The snow lasted a week, resulting_in_serious_traffic_confusion_in_the_whole_area(现在分词短语作状语)4It is vital that we should learn something from failure.What_is_vital_is_that we should learn something from failure.(what引导主语从句)5这位图书馆管理员帮他借到了他渴望的那本书。(1)The librarian assisted_him_to_borrow/in_borrow
63、ing_the_book he was dreaming of.(assist)(2)With_the_assistance_of_the_librarian,_he borrowed the book he was dreaming of.(assistance)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解A(2021北京朝阳区一模)A woman who illegally entered Yellowstone National Park on May 12th has suffered burns after accidentally falling into a thermal feature (热景观
64、) near its Old Faithful Geyser, officials said. The park has been closed to all visitors since March 24th due to safety precautions amid the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒流行病)“Water in hot springs can cause severe or fatal burns, and hot water underlies most of the thin, breakable surface around hot spr
65、ings，” the park advises on its website. “Hot springs have injured or killed more people in Yellowstone than any other natural feature.”The woman, who is yet to be identified, was backing up while taking photos near the famous tourist attraction and fell into a hot spring or hole where hot gases emer
66、ge, according to park spokeswoman Linda Veress. Even with her injuries, she managed to hop back in her vehicle and drive about 50 miles until park guards stopped her. She was then sent to a burn center at a hospital in Idaho.Visitors are advised to stay on the boardwalks near Yellowstones often boil
67、ing or acidic thermal features, which include geysers (间歇泉), hot springs, steam vents, and mud pots. This year, two tourists were sentenced to 10 days in prison for trespassing at the hot spring last September after they were caught walking “dangerously close” to the spout of the legendary geyser wi
68、thout permission and taking photos on their cellphones.“Thermal area safety is an extremely important part of any trip to Yellowstone. We ask visitors to take the Yellowstone Promise before coming to the park and to read the park visitor guide for more information on safety, rules, and regulations，”
69、 a spokesperson said following the incident last year. At times, tourists have taken risks off the designated walkways before being injured or killed. Last fall, a man who was walking off a boardwalk near Old Faithful at night fell into a hot spring, suffering serious burns. Back in June, a 23yearol
70、d Oregon resident fell into a superheated, acidic mud pot and died. His remains couldnt be recovered.Yellowstone is announcing plans for a phased reopening on May 13. The incident remains under investigation, Veress said.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一名女子非法进入黄石国家公园，落入温泉被烧伤的事件。1What is TRUE about the woman
71、mentioned in paragraph 1?AWe dont know who she is.BShes good at taking photos.CShe drove to hospital after being injured.DShe died in Yellowstone National Park on Tuesday.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The woman, who is yet to be identified, was backing up while taking photos near the famous tourist attraction a
72、nd fell into a hot spring or hole where hot gases emerge, according to park spokeswoman Linda Veress.(据公园发言人琳达维里斯说，这名身份尚未得到确认的女子当时正在著名的旅游景点附近倒着走拍照，结果掉进了一个冒出热气的温泉或洞穴。)”可知，关于第一段提到的那个女人，我们不知道她是谁。故选A。2What does the underlined word “trespassing” in paragraph 2 mean?ADamaging.BTaking photos.CEntering with
73、out permission.DDrinking water from hot spring.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Visitors are advised to stay on the boardwalks.(游客们被建议待在黄石公园附近的木板路上)”和“they were caught walking dangerously close to the spout of the legendary geyser without permission and taking photos on their cellphones(他们被发现，在未经许可的情况下危险地走近传说中的间歇泉
74、的喷口并且用手机拍照)”可知，走近间歇泉是不被允许的，会被惩罚，可以推断两名游客被判处入狱10天是因为侵入温泉，故“trespassing”是指“未经许可而进入”。故选C。3What should you do when visiting Yellowstone National Park?AHave a camera and take photos.BDont go to hot spring areas.CFollow visitor guide and be careful.DDont take the walkways.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We ask visitors
75、 to take the Yellowstone Promise before coming to the park and to read the park visitor guide for more information on safety, rules, and regulations(我们要求游客在来公园之前遵守黄石承诺，并阅读公园游客指南，获取更多关于安全、规则和规定的信息)”可知，当我们参观黄石国家公园时，要遵循游客指南，要小心谨慎。故选C。4What can we learn about Yellowstone National Park ?AVisitors get inj
76、ured or killed by hot spring the most.BIts dangerous for visitors to take photos in the park.CYellowstone National Park is the most famous one in the US.DVisitors will be allowed to enter the park at the end of the year.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hot springs have injured or killed more people in Yellowstone
77、than any other natural feature.(黄石公园里温泉造成的伤亡人数比其他任何自然景观都要多。)”可知，在黄石国家公园中，游客因温泉受伤或死亡的人数最多。故选A。B(2021泉州一中质检)“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse (长曲棍
78、球) club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the da
79、d coaching a team that his kids arent even on.At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collec
80、ts money for endofseason gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exc
81、iting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money,
82、 skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?【解题导语】本文是一篇
83、夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，并且这位家长后来成为这个团队中有力的帮手，同时作者在参与志愿者活动过程中也获得了很多快乐。5What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?AShe knows little about the club.BShe isnt good at sports.CShe just doesnt want to volunteer.DShes unable to meet her schedule.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You can use
84、me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选，也就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。故选C。6What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?AEncourage teamwork.BAppeal to feelings.CPromote good deeds.DProvide advice.B解析：
85、词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句“She may just need a little persuading.”和后一句“I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on.”可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故画线词在此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。7What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?AShe gets interes
86、ted in lacrosse.BShe is proud of her kids.CShell work for another season.DShe becomes a good helper.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长做出的贡献及“the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team”可知，她最终成了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也就是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。8Why does the author like doing volunteer work?AIt gives her a sense
87、 of duty.BIt makes her very happy.CIt enables her to work hard.DIt brings her material rewards.B解析：细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四段中的“Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐，参加志愿者活动
88、能让作者感觉快乐。故选B。C(2021新高考八省联考模考)The average bear, it seems, is getting ever smarter. First, it turned out that at least one can use a comb. Now it appears that some can count, too.Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American bla
89、ck bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots (点) on a computer screen. In return for a food reward one bear, Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose. The others, Bella and Dusty, would touch the screen with their claws (爪子)As the
90、 researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area. This could be explained by the bears distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots. However, th
91、e three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.Moving patterns, where each dot followed its own path around the screen, were more of a challenge. But Brutus, at least, was not defeated. He seemed to be counting mobile dots
92、 even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food. They are, however, always alone, and so do not have
93、 the complex social systems that contribute to animal smarts. Perhaps, then, their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些新的发现，证明了熊是一种高智商动物。9What task did the scientists set for the three bears?ADistinguishing different dot patterns.BFiguring
94、out different colours of dots.CPutting the dots into differently coloured groups.DPicking out the group with a larger number of dots.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，科学家们给这三只熊安排的任务是区分不同的点的模式。故选A。10For the bears, the task was easier when _Athe coloured dots were moving slowlyBthe dot patterns were regular in sha
95、peCthe dots followed a path on the screenDmore dots covered a larger coloured areaD解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D。11What may explain the bears high degree of intelligence?AThey learn skills from other animals.BThey face life challenges on their own.CThey feed on a diverse range of f
96、ood.DThey have complex social networks.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，熊的智商高可能是因为它们独自面对生活的挑战。故选B。12What can be a suitable title for the text?ABears Taught to Distinguish ColoursBNew Evidence of Bear Intelligence FoundCThree Bears Learned How to CountDThe Smartest American Black BearB解析：标题归纳题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高
97、智商动物提供了证据，所以文章标题应该是“发现了证明熊的智力的新证据”。故选B。.七选五(2021南昌二中模拟)Music is an art form which deals with the representation of emotion through the medium of sound. It can have a physical effect on us because it is closely linked with emotion, perhaps even more than the abstract nature of words. The number one r
98、eason why people listen to music is to adjust their emotional state. 1._Numerous studies leave us in no doubt that music can affect our mood state and stress level. 2._ For example, they have found that background music shuts out distractions. It calms them before a large task and then they can stay
99、 focused for longer. Also it can help their creativity and make studying more enjoyable.3_ Firstly, it depends on what the task is. The more difficult the challenge is, the more likely background music will interrupt the learning process. For less challenging learning tasks, music can greatly assist
100、 in providing a positive learning state. Secondly, it depends on the characteristics of the music well come to in a moment. And thirdly, extroverts (性格外向者) enjoy and often require more external stimulation (刺激) and are likely to handle background noise better than those who are quiet and shy.Actuall
101、y, its not about the type of music, but the natural musical characteristics which aid or disrupt study. One of these characteristics is the tempo (拍子). The recommended tempo for background music is in the range 70110 beats per minute, slightly faster than the heartbeat at rest. 4._ And very slow mus
102、ic lowers the heartbeat, creating a state that might be too relaxed for study purposes.In addition, lyrics (歌词) are the most distracting aspect of background musical listening. 5._ More particularly, studies have found that the most distracting background is fast and familiar vocal music, chosen and
103、 liked by the listener.AMusic is part of every culture in the world.BIn a very real sense, music connects us with our inner selves.CThey compete with the same brain regions that process language.DMusic, like language, is a unique human form of communication.EFast music raises the heartbeat, making o
104、ne unable to focus on study.FThere are a few factors that determine the effects of music on studying.GMoreover, those who like studying with background music have found a lot of benefits.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐是一种通过声音来表现情感的艺术形式及音乐对学习产生影响的几个因素。1B解析：根据上文“It can have a physical effect on us because it
105、 is closely linked with emotion, perhaps even more than the abstract nature of words. The number one reason why people listen to music is to adjust their emotional state.”可知，音乐可以与人的情感紧密相连，那么音乐也能将人与自己的内心联系在一起。本句承接上文说明音乐将人们与自己的内心联系在一起。故B选项“在一个非常真实的意义上，音乐把我们和我们的内心联系在一起。”符合上下文语境，故选B。2G解析：根据下文“For exampl
106、e, they have found that background music shuts out distractions.”可知，此处是在说明用背景音乐的好处。故G选项“此外，那些喜欢用背景音乐学习的人也发现了很多好处。”符合上下文语境，故选G。3F解析：根据下文“Firstly, it depends on what the task is. The more difficult the challenge is, the more likely background music will interrupt the learning process. For less challen
107、ging learning tasks, music can greatly assist in providing a positive learning state.”可知，此处是在介绍音乐对学习产生影响的因素。故F选项“有几个因素决定了音乐对学习的影响。”符合上下文语境，故选F。4E解析：根据上文“The recommended tempo for background music is in the range 70110 beats per minute, slightly faster than the heartbeat at rest.”以及下文“And very slow m
108、usic lowers the heartbeat, creating a state that might be too relaxed for study purposes.”可知，此处是在分别说明快节奏音乐和慢节奏音乐对人们学习的影响。故E选项“快节奏的音乐使心跳加快，使人无法集中精力学习。”符合上下文语境，故选E。5C解析：根据上文“In addition, lyrics(歌词) are the most distracting aspect of background musical listening.”可知，此处承接上文继续说明背景音乐中的歌词让人们分心的不良影响，上文中“lyrics”可对应到C选项中“They”。故C选项“它们与处理语言的大脑区域竞争。”符合上下文语境，故选C。
