1、Section Listening and Talking，Reading for Writing.重点单词1charge n收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电2announce vt.宣布；通知；声称announcement n声明；宣告announcer n广播员，告知者3amount n金额；数量4gallery n(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊5approaching n方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近6ensure vt.保证；确保；担保7landscape n(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景8generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的generously a
2、dv.慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地9butter n黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于10honey n蜂蜜11ancestor n祖宗；祖先12position n位置；姿态；职位13snack n点心；小吃14eager adj.热切的；渴望的eagerness n热切；渴望eagerly adv.热心地；热切地15poet n诗人poem n诗；韵文poetry n诗歌16county n(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县17roll vi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n卷(轴)；翻滚18cattle n牛bull n公牛cow n奶牛19ocean n大海；海洋Oceania n大洋洲20gre
3、et vt.问候；迎接greeting n迎接；问候；招呼21pub n酒吧；酒馆22wine n葡萄酒；果酒23beer n(一杯)啤酒24custom n风俗；习俗；习惯customer n顾客customs n海关；关税25striking adj.引人注目的；显著的strike vt.打，撞击；敲响；突然想到 vi.罢工 n罢工striker n罢工者；前锋26crowd n人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使拥挤crowded adj.拥挤的.重点短语1at the entrance of在的入口2attend to处理；照料3watch over照看，照料4have an influ
4、ence on对有影响5be dotted with点缀着6make up编造；形成；构成；弥补7breathe in吸入8introduce oneself to sb.向某人做自我介绍9be likely to很可能10on fire着火11in ruins严重受损，破败不堪.重点句型1Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for each of the senses.美丽的乡村让所有人兴奋和鼓舞，为每一种感官提供某种东西。2The peaceful landscape of the “E
5、merald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。3With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing，and
6、dining.有了这一切，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐，舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。4To have a chance of experiencing this，stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer.想要拥有体验的机会，去乡村酒吧吧，喝杯当地的葡萄酒或啤酒放松一下。5And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face，you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs
7、firsthand.如果你把自己介绍给一个友好的人，你更有可能直接体验当地的文化和习俗。1 典型例句They do not charge at all for their services.他们的服务概不收费。He was charged with murder.他被控谋杀罪。The charge for admission is five dollars.入场费是5美元。思维拓展charge sb. with sth. 指控某人有罪charge sb. some money for 因向某人要价in charge of 负责；主管；照料take charge of 管理；负责in the c
8、harge of 由管理/负责This operation is in the charge of Doctor Jackson.这次手术由杰克逊大夫负责。He took charge of the farm after his fathers death.他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。free of chargefor free免费即学即练一句多译下周厂长不在时，我将负责整个工厂。Ill take_charge_of the whole factory next week when the director is away.Ill be in_charge_of the whole factor
9、y next week when the director is away.The whole factory will be_in_the_charge_of_me next week when the director is away.2 典型例句They havent formally announced their engagement yet.他们还没有正式宣布订婚。The government yesterday announced to the media plans to create a million new jobs.政府在昨天向媒体宣布了创造一百万个新工作的计划。The
10、y announced that the flight would be delayed.广播通知，该航班将晚点。She announced that shed given up smoking.她宣称她已戒烟。思维拓展announce sth.to sb.向某人宣布announcement n声明；宣告announcer n广播员，告知者易混辨析declare/announce(1)declare 指正式和明确地向公众“宣布”“宣告”“声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判某人有罪、宣布国家独立等，declare 后可跟复合宾语。(2)announce 指含有预告意味的“宣布”“宣
11、告”或“发表”，指公开地或官方性质的“宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息，后如需接间接宾语时，要在间接宾语前加 to。即学即练(1)It was announced that there would be a celebration on Sunday.据宣布，星期日要举行庆祝(活动)。(2)This powerful country declared war on that small country.这个强国向那个小国宣战。(3)The court declared the young man guilty.法庭宣布这位年轻人有罪。(4)The little
12、girl announced that she would do an experiment on Friday.这个小女孩向大家宣布她要在星期五做个实验。3 典型例句A large amount of damage was done in a short time.短时间内造成了大量损害。Large amounts of time were wasted.大量的时间被浪费了。思维拓展the amount of不可数名词的数量a large/good/great amount of不可数名词大量的(作主语时谓语用单数)large/good/great amounts of不可数名词大量的(作主
13、语时谓语用复数)amount v总计，共计；相当于，等于amount to sth. 共计；相当于“许多，大量”表达荟萃：Many a true word is spoken in jest.(谚)笑谈之中有真话。I saw numbers of foreigners in the street.我在街上看到很多外国人。We learned a great deal of experience from him.我们向他学了很多经验。She has quantities of good clothes.她有很多好看的衣服。Theres plenty of room in my bag.我的包里
14、有大量的空间。即学即练Large amounts of water are_needed (need) for cooling purpose.典型例句As I approached the house，I noticed a light on upstairs.我走近那幢房子的时候注意到楼上有灯光。The approach of winter brings cold weather.冬天临近，天气转冷。We have found a new approach to the study of English.我们发现了一种学英语的新方法。思维拓展an approach to(doing) st
15、h.(做)某事的方法/途径the approach of sth.在快到的时候易混辨析approach，manner，method，means，wayapproach指接近某人、某物，也可指对待或处理事物的方式、方法。manner通常用来指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法。method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。means指为了达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。way比较普通的词，可以指一般的方法，也可以指个人的方法或方式或者是特殊的方式或方法。The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline.
16、学校决定采取另外一种方式解决纪律问题。It seemed rather an odd manner of deciding things.这样决定事情好像很奇怪。I think we should try again using a different method.我想我们应该用不同的方法再试一次。The load was lifted by means of a crane.重物是用起重机吊起来的。Im not happy with this way of working.我不喜欢这种工作方法。注意：表达“用方法/方式”，用approach，manner，method，means和way表
17、示时，其所用介词有所不同。学习过程中注意对比归纳记忆。approach常与介词to连用，the approach to“的方法”；in a/an.manner“用的方式”；in this way“用这种方法”，而by this way意为“通过的方式”；by means of“用的方式”；with this method“用这种方法”。即学即练(1)We are discussing several approaches to building (build) the bridge.(2)Approaching (approach) the cottage, they saw a dog ru
18、nning towards them.5 典型例句He is very generous with his money.他用钱很大方。Id like to thank Simon, whos been very generous with his time.我要感谢西蒙，他非常慷慨地投入了许多时间。My uncle is very generous to everybody.我叔叔对每个人都很宽容。思维拓展be generous generously adv.慷慨地；大方地注意：generous与修饰人的形容词clever, stupid, smart, foolish, kind等用法一样，
19、常与of一起构成不定式复合结构；而difficult, necessary, important, possible等表示事物特征的形容词则与for一起构成不定式复合结构。It is generous of you to lend me the book. (You are generous to lend me the book.)你把这本书借给了我，真是慷慨。Its difficult for you to do so. (不能说You are difficult to do so.)这样做对你来说很难。即学即练Thank you again for the books you gener
20、ously (generous) donated.6 典型例句We are all eager for knowledge.我们都求知心切。Hes eager to go with her.他渴望同她一起去。Tom was eager for you to come to the party.汤姆期盼你来参加聚会。注意：eager后接that引导的从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。思维拓展be eager for.渴望be eager to do sth.渴望做某事be eager for sb. to do sth.渴望某人做某事be eager that.热切希望eag
21、erly adv.热切地eagerness n渴望“渴望”相关表达聚焦：be dying to do sth./for sth.be anxious to do sth./for sth.be keen on sth.be eager to do sth./for sth.be thirsty for sth.long to do sth./for sth.即学即练I wasnt able to hide my eagerness (eager) when I asked，“What do you wish me to do now？”7 典型例句He greeted all the gues
22、ts warmly as they arrived.客人到达时他都热情迎接。思维拓展greet sb. with sth.以迎接某人greet sb./sth. with/as sth.(以某种方式)对做出反应The movie star was greeted with cheers from his fans.这位电影明星迎来了粉丝们的欢呼。The teams win was greeted as a major triumph.这个队获胜被看成是一个重大的胜利。greeting nC，U问候；pl.祝贺；贺词即学即练He greeted us with a smile.8 典型例句It
23、is difficult to get used to another countrys customs.要适应另一国家的风俗习惯是困难的。It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.女子早婚是那个国家的风俗。思维拓展follow/keep up a custom 沿袭/保留风俗the custom of doing sth. 做某事的习惯It is the custom (for sb.) to do sth. 做(对某人来说)是一种风俗customers n顾客；客户即学即练When you go abroad for
24、 further study, you should learn to adapt to the customs (custom) of the destination country.9 典型例句She shut her mind against the fears that crowded in on her.她克制自己不去想那些涌上心头的恐惧感。This car accident drew a large crowd around the site.这场车祸招来一大群人围在现场。思维拓展a crowd of(crowds of)一群(成群)the crowd群众；百姓crowd arou
25、nd聚集在周围；聚拢crowd into sth.涌上心头crowd sb./sth. out把某人/物排挤在外be crowded with充满；挤满即学即练After meeting the beautiful girl, Peter lay on his bed with wonderful ideas crowding (crowd) in.考点集训一单句语法填空1What attracts us most is that they offer some training to fans of table tennis free of charge.2I will go on a bu
26、siness trip tomorrow.Mark will be in charge of the company during my absence.3I read the announcement (announce) of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am very interested in it.4He intended to give away a large amount of money to the Project Hope.5The musician told me that fac
27、ing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.6However, they still approached (approach) the wolf bravely.7Id like to thank Simon，whos been very generous with his time.8He is eagerly (eager) looking forward to winning the Nobel Prize in Literat
28、ure.9She is eager to_get (get) more knowledge of child development and to better understand how young children look at the world.10She often greets (greet) me in a friendly manner, so I think she is a person with good manners.11I would rather cycle to work than take a bus because it is usually very
29、crowded (crowd) on the bus.典型例句He made up some excuses about his daughter being sick.他编造了一些借口，说他的女儿病了。I told the kids a story, making it up as I went along.我给孩子们讲了个故事，是现编的。Girls make up 56% of the student numbers.女生占学生人数的56%。We need one more person to make up a team.我们还需要一个人才能组成一个队。Can I leave early
30、 this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?我今天下午早点儿走，明天补上这段时间，可以吗？思维拓展make it 获得成功，成功到达make off 匆忙离开make out 明白，弄懂；看清，辨认清楚即学即练To my delight, my son began to make up the lessons he missed.考点集训二单句语法填空Eleven players make up a football team. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering
31、 something for each of the senses.美丽的乡村让所有人兴奋和鼓舞，为每一种感官提供某种东西。(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。offering something for each of the senses是现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。(2)现在分词作伴随状语时表示分词动作伴随谓语动作发生。现在分词作状语的用法透视：现在分词可作时间、伴随、条件、方式、原因、结果等状语，其中作时间、条件、原因、结果状语时可转化成相应的状语从句，而作伴随和方式状语时只能转化成并列分句。如：He is lying on the grass listening to music.He
32、 is lying on the grass and he is listening to music.他正躺在草地上，听着音乐。(伴随状语)Walking in the street (When/While I was walking in the street), I saw him.我走在街上时看到了他。(时间状语)Being spring (As/Since it is spring), the flowers are in full bloom.春天到了，百花盛开。(原因状语)现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且 doing 表示 do 与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系；being don
33、e 表示 do 与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系；若分词动作发生在谓语动作之前，则用完成式 having done；若表示被动和完成，则用 having been done。如：Being surrounded, the enemy was forced to surrender.敌人被包围了，被迫投降。Having failed many times, he didnt lose heart.尽管失败了很多次，但他没有灰心。即学即练(1)The sun began to rise in the sky，bathing (bathe) the mountain in golden light.(2)
34、When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名
35、副其实的视觉盛宴。(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。使用了“主系表”句型结构。后面with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle是with的复合结构。(2)with复合结构可作定语和状语，其具体形式如下：with名词/代词With so many books to read，I have no time to chat with you.有这么多的书要读，我没时间跟你闲聊。(books与read之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表示被动意义)Dont stand with your hands in your pocke
36、ts.站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。With time going by，they became close friends.随着时间的流逝，他们成了好朋友。With the floor wet，I had to stay outside.由于地板潮湿，我只得待在屋外。With her sister out，she had to stay at home alone.因为她的姐姐出去了，她只得独自待在家里。They bought a house with many trees and flowers planted around last month.上个月他们买了一座四周植满了树与鲜花的房子
37、。巧学妙记with复合结构用法口诀with结构并不难，with后面宾语连，动宾关系用过分，主谓关系用现分，将来要把不定跟，还有三种形副介。即学即练(1)Our government will try to beautify the city and with trees and flowers to_plant (plant) everywhere，our city will take on a new look.(2)The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid (lay) for a meal to b
38、e cooked. With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing，and dining.有了这一切，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐，舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。it是形式主语，后面是that引导的主语从句，其中又包含了that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词traditions。(2)“Itbeadj.that/wh引导的从句”句型，其中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是 that/w
39、h引导的从句。It is certain that William will do very well in his exam.威廉肯定会考得很好。it 作形式主语的其他常见句型：It always seems that we lack money.我们似乎总是缺钱。It is a pity that you missed the football match.你错过了这场足球赛，太遗憾了！Its useless taking this kind of medicine.吃这种药没有用。It is reported that 16 people were saved from the sea.
40、据报道有16个人被从海上救起。Its necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.对年轻人来说，掌握两门外语很有必要。即学即练It happened that he was spending his holiday on the beach. To have a chance of experiencing this，stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer.想要拥有体验的机会，去乡村酒吧吧，喝杯当地的葡萄酒或啤酒放松一下。(1)句
41、式分析：这是一个简单句。To have a chance of experiencing this是不定式短语作目的状语，后面是一个祈使句。(2)不定式作目的状语的用法归纳：不定式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动作之后，且不定式通常用一般式不定式的逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致句子主语与构成不定式的动词为主谓关系时，不定式用主动形式，反之则用被动形式为表示强调可在不定式前加in order/so as，需要注意的是so as to不能位于句首不定式的否定形式：(in order/so as) not to doIn order to/To win the scholarship，she studie
42、s hard.She studies hard (so as/in order) to win the scholarship.为了拿到奖学金，她刻苦学习。He tried to be a good child to be liked by his parents.为了让父母喜欢，他努力做一个好孩子。即学即练(1)They trained hard to_win (win) the coming match.(2)You dont have to run fast or for long to_see (see) the benefit.(3)The government encourages
43、 farmers to grow corn instead of rice to_improve (improve) water quality.(4)During the MidAutumn Festival，family members often gather together to_share (share) a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face，you are more than likely to experience local c
44、ulture and customs firsthand.如果你把自己介绍给一个友好的人，你更有可能直接体验当地的文化和习俗。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。if you introduce yourself to a friendly face是if引导的条件状语从句，后面是主句。(2)sb.be likely to do sth.意为“某人很可能做某事”，相当于It is likely that.，其中likely为形容词。She is likely to ring me tonight.It is likely that she will ring me tonight.她今天晚上可
45、能会给我打电话。一句多译他在2016年有可能会创造一项世界纪录。It is possible for him to set a world record in 2016.It is probable that he will set a world record in 2016.He is likely to set a world record in 2016.It is likely that he will set a world record in 2016.即学即练Tom is likely to_attend (attend) this meeting.考点集训三单句语法填空1Th
46、e sun was shining brightly，making (make) everything there look more beautiful.2With time going (go) by，the examination is drawing near.3With a lot of homework to_do (do)，the boy had no time to go out to play.4It is necessary that children (should) have enough sleep.5It is suggested that the English
47、party should be held on Saturday.6When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there to_be_trained (train) for a space flight.7He travels around the world to_gather (gather) the information about the disease.单词拼写1I was appointed to take charge (主管) of arranging all the activities on that day.2In
48、 the end, when our headmaster announced (宣布) the winners, the whole place burst out with clapping and cheering.3Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts (数量) of energy are used to keep its courses (球场) in good condition.4The foreigners may be unsure as to when to shake hands, when to start c
49、onversations, or how to approach (接近) a stranger.5It seems that parents should create room for childrens growth and study, in order to ensure (确保) their overall development.6The trees and the mountains made the landscape (风景) very beautiful.7Ms Alice is considered a generous (慷慨的) lady by us, for sh
50、e often helps the poor people.8I have paid for the bread and cheese, but not the butter (黄油)9Add more honey (蜂蜜) if you have a sweet tooth.10He was not ashamed to have a monkey for his ancestor (祖先)11Their readers were not only people of high social position (职位) but also common people.12It is a cus
51、tom to offer a drink or a snack (点心) to guests.13She loves teaching so much and is eager (渴望的) to devote her life to education.14Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine (酒)15Its easy to pick him out in a crowd (人群) because he is very tall.单句语法填空1The police charged
52、 the thief with stealing the jewels.2How much did he charge you for repairing this pair of shoes?3Only in this way can we human beings be in charge of our own life.4On Monday, a poster which announced (announce) the competition attracted my attention.5The word advertising refers to any kind of publi
53、c announcement (announce) that brings products and services to the attention of people.6A good amount of sleep every night is (be) important for your health.7At the approach of the rain and the wind, the swallows are busy.8The job market has changed and our approaches to finding (find) work must cha
54、nge as well.9Multibillionaire Mr King donates generously (generous) to charity several times a year.10Each week I eagerly (eager) counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there.11.In some countries, a visitor will be greeted (greet) with a kiss on the cheek.12They have plenty of satisfied customers (custom) who are satisfied with their service.13The bus was so crowded (crowd) that I had to stand all the way to the school.14He began to make up for the missing lessons.15The book with its covers torn (tear) off is a book dating back to 300 years ago.
