1、选修Unit 19 Language一、背单词与词块 (一)背阅读单词会认就行 (背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1decade n十年2trend n. 趋势，倾向3curriculum n. (学校的)课程4medium n. 媒介物；渠道5target n. 目标6theft n. 偷窃7explicit adj. 明确的；清楚的8unconscious adj. 无意的；不知不觉的9transparent adj. 清晰易辨的；透明的10unrest n. 不安11outline vt. 勾出轮廓12ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的13bent adj. 弯曲的14
2、certificate n. 证书；证明15competence n. 能力16diploma n. 毕业证书17candidate n. 候选人18amateur adj. 业余的19personnel n. 全体职员 (二)背重点单词写对才行 1.nationwide adv. 全国性地2thankful adj. 为感到高兴的；感谢的3theory n. 理论；学说4attain vt. 达到；获得5adequate adj. 足够的，充分的6ensure vt. 确保，保证7accelerate vi.&vt. 加速8enlarge vt. 扩大9guarantee vt. 保证10i
3、nform vt. 告知；通知11resemble vt. 像；与相似12merely adv. 只；仅仅13purchase vt. 购买14fasten vt. 束紧15regulation n. 规则16sincerely adv. 真诚地17punctual adj. 准时的；守时的 (三)背拓展单词用准才行 1.fluent adj.流利的，流畅的fluency n流利度，流畅度fluently adv.流利地2accurate adj.精确的，准确的accuracy n精确度，准确度accurately adv.精确地3absent adj.缺席的，不在场的absence n不存在
4、；缺乏；缺席4acquire v获取，得到acquisition n(语言)习得5surround vt.环绕，围绕surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n环境6adjust vt.调节；调整adjustment n调节；调整7congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n祝贺8negotiate vt.谈判；协商negotiation n谈判；协商9offend v冒犯offence n冒犯；得罪10approve vt.赞成approval n赞成；赞许；批准11apply vi.申请applicant n申请人application n申请
5、书12embarrass vt.使窘迫embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，令人窘迫的embarrassed adj.窘迫的embarrassment n窘迫，难堪13register vt.登记registration n登记；注册 语境活用1I always dream of having a house surrounded by trees and flowers.If we can live in such beautiful surroundings,_we must have a happy feeling every day.The surrounding things
6、 always have an effect on our mood.(surround)2Any applicant who would like to apply to become an assistant in our company should send us an application before December 10.(apply)3The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the congratulations encouraged her greatly.
7、(congratulate)4Bob is always accurate at figures and can accurately describe what he finds, so the accuracy of his report is beyond doubt.(accurate)5His embarrassing questions made me embarrassed greatly.I felt my face burning with embarrassment.(embarrass) (四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1absence n不在，缺席；缺
8、乏，没有背词条用法(1)absence from 缺席；离开absence of mind 心不在焉in ones absence in the absence of sb. 在某人不在的时候(2)absentminded adj. 心不在焉的be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少背写作佳句Im writing to apologize for my absence from last weeks meeting.I was unexpectedly held up at work. 我写信来为我缺席上周的会议道歉。我工作时意外地被事情耽搁了。(2013北京高考)I took pri
9、de in what I had done in my fathers absence/in the absence of my father. 我为自己在爸爸不在家时的表现感到自豪。2surround vt.环绕，围绕；包围背词条用法surround sb./sth.with sb./sth. 用某人/某物包围某人/某物be surrounded by/with sb./sth. 被某人/某物包围背写作佳句If we surround ourselves with people in sympathy with our major purpose, we can get their supp
10、ort and encouragement. 如果我们周围都是认同我们主要目标的人，我们就能得到他们的支持和鼓励。(2018全国卷)To my great joy, a wonderful new gymnasium has been built up surrounded by beautiful surroundings. 令我非常高兴的是，一个漂亮的新体育场建成了，周围环境优美。3.guarantee vt.保证；担保 n保证；保证书；抵押品背词条用法(1)保证某人得到某物guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事(2
11、)under guarantee 在保修期内give sb.a guarantee (that .) 向某人保证()背写作佳句I can guarantee you the quality of our digital camera.Should there be any problem, you can contact us and ask to replace it. 我能向你保证我们数码相机的质量，如果有任何问题，你可以联系我们要求更换。(2018北京高考)Firstly, I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I g
12、uarantee that you will have the most unforgettable experience during your stay for college in Beijing. 首先，我要对你表示最热烈的欢迎，并且我保证你在北京上大学期间会有最难忘的经历。4adjust vt.调节；调整；整理 vi.适应背词条用法(1)adjust to 适应于adjust (sth./oneself) to (doing) sth. 使(某物/某人自己)适应(做)某事(2)make an adjustment 作出调整背写作佳句(2014天津高考)However, I think
13、 that you will quickly adjust to the weather and the food although they are different from yours. 然而，虽然天气、食物与你以往有所不同，我相信你会很快适应的。(2018北京高考)Youd better learn some basic Chinese before you come.In that way, you may adjust yourself to the life in Beijing soon. 你来之前最好先学一些基本的汉语。那样，你很快就能适应北京的生活了。5inform vt
14、.告知，通知背词条用法(1)inform sb.of/about sth. 通知某人某事inform sb.that . 告知某人(2)keep sb.informed of sth. 使某人知道某事背写作佳句It was considerate of Tom to inform us of/about his delay in case we got worried. 汤姆考虑很周全，(及时)通知我们他的延误以防我们担心。I feel extremely delighted to inform you that our school will hold some relevant activ
15、ities during the upcoming Labour Week. 我非常高兴地告诉你在即将到来的劳动周期间我们学校将举行一些相关的活动。6congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺；恭喜背词条用法(1)congratulate sb.on (doing) sth. 就(做)向某人祝贺congratulate oneself on (doing) sth.感到自豪；暗自庆幸；为自己高兴(2)offer/send ones congratulations to sb.(on sth.) (为某事)向某人表示祝贺背写作佳句(2020天津高考)During the comingofage
16、ceremony, the headmaster congratulated us on stepping into the adulthood, reviewing the growth period that we had experienced. 在成人礼上，校长祝贺我们步入成人阶段，回顾了我们所经历的成长时期。(2017天津高考)I congratulate myself on being a volunteer of the 13th National Games held in Tianjin at the end of August. 我为自己成为8月底在天津举办的第13届全运会
17、志愿者而感到自豪。7purchase vt.购买 n购买；购买力背词条用法(1)purchase sth.from sb.从某人那里买到某物(2)make a purchase 购买on special purchase 特价出售背写作佳句A valid identification card is required when you purchase tickets from highspeed rail stations. 从高铁站购买车票时，需要出示有效的身份证。(2018江苏高考)I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purc
18、hase on the Internet. 无论我在网上购买什么商品，我都倾向于参考消费评级。8negotiate vi.谈判；协商背词条用法(1)negotiate with sb.about/for sth. 与某人商谈某事negotiate a(n) agreement/contract 商定协议/合同(2)under negotiation 在商谈中背写作佳句(2017北京高考)If youre a foreign tourist, you will negotiate with the guide about your accommodations in the scenic spo
19、t. 如果你是外国游客，那就和导游商量一下你在景区的住宿。(2015重庆高考)Our English teacher is negotiating with the headmaster for the use of the library. 我们英语老师正在同校长商谈使用图书馆的事。9embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难背词条用法(1)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人窘迫(2)be embarrassed at/about 对感到为难/尴尬(3)to ones embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思背写作佳句I
20、t embarrasses me to meet the young man again, for I misunderstood him. 再次见到这个年轻人让我感到尴尬，因为我误会了他。I feel embarrassed at making speeches in public. 当众演说我感到很窘迫。 (五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1keep_in_mind 记住2be_aware_of 意识到，觉察到，明白3rely_on 依靠；依赖4adjust_.to_. 调整以适应5on_purpose 故意地6regardless_of 不管；不顾7on_the_o
21、ther_hand 另一方面8get_ahead 取得成功；获得进步9take_the_form_of 以的形式出现(存在)10inform_sb._of_sth. 通知某人某事11consist_of 由组成/构成12catch_on 学会；受欢迎13congratulate_sb._on_sth. 就某事向某人祝贺14I_bet 我肯定15more_than 不仅仅；超过16stand_out 出色；突出重点短语拓展用活1catch on学会；受欢迎，流行起来；(与 to连用)理解；被接受背相关短语catch hold of 抓住catch up with 赶上；缠上catch sight
22、 of 看见catch ones attention 吸引某人的注意catch sb.doing sth. 撞见某人做某事背写作佳句(2017江苏高考)Internet voting is quite catching on nowadays.Although many people are somewhat annoyed at the negative side of the voting, some are quite happy with it, and take active part in it. 网上投票现在很流行。尽管许多人对投票的负面影响有些心烦，但是有些人对此很满意并且积极
23、参与。Only when you catch on to the importance of study will you be likely to work hard and catch up with others. 只有当你理解了学习的重要性时，你才有可能努力拼搏并赶上其他人。2on purpose故意地；有意地背相关短语for the purpose of 为了，出于目的with the purpose of 带着的目的背写作佳句It was warm and nice that evening.I stayed awake on purpose until eleven in ord
24、er to have a good look at the moon by myself. 那天晚上天气温暖，气候宜人。为了一个人好好看看月亮，我故意不睡觉熬到十一点。(2015陕西高考)As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today with the purpose of developing our interest in English learning. 今天我们如期举行英语才艺表演，旨在培养我们对英语学习的兴趣。3on the other hand另一方面背相关短语(1)on (the) one hand .on the other (
25、hand) .一方面；另一方面(却)(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等) (2)for one thing .for another .一则；二则 (用于引出并列的理由) (3)first(ly) .; second(ly) . 第一；第二背写作佳句(2019上海高考)On the one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city.On the other hand, as a wellknown museum, Sha
26、nghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions. 一方面，上海博物馆位于市中心，方便人们到达。另一方面，作为一个著名的博物馆，上海博物馆在承办艺术展方面，专业性更强，经验更丰富。(2018浙江高考)For one thing, I have developed fluency in spoken English.I have no difficulty communicating with them.For another, I have accumulated related exper
27、ience by working part time in a travel agency, accompanying some foreign tourists. 一则，我能说一口流利的英语。我和他们交流起来毫无困难。二则，我通过在旅行社做兼职，在陪同外国游客的过程中，积累了一些相关经验。二、背佳句与佳作 (一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教材内句式举一反三1Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing.(whether .or .引导让步状语从句)不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的
28、输出。佳句All people, whether they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. 所有人，无论他们是老的是年轻的，富有的还是贫穷的，自从灾难发生以来，一直在尽他们最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。佳句Whether were successful or not, we can be sure that we did our best. 无论成功与否，我们确实已尽了最大努力。2Thirdly, you say tha
29、t there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.(provided that引导条件状语从句)第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。佳句(2018天津高考)We are also very pleased provided (that) you can give us your valuable advice when you receive the training program in your email. 当你收到邮件中的培训计划时，如果能给出宝贵的建议，我们会非常高兴。佳句Provided that circumstances p
30、ermit, I will accompany her to the airport tomorrow morning. 假如情况允许的话，明天早晨我就陪她去机场。同主题佳句熟读成诵1The more you read, the better your Chinese will be.你读的越多，你的汉语就会越好。2Practise speaking Chinese as often as possible, and you will make progress.尽可能经常练习说汉语，这样你就可以取得进步。3By learning English we can broaden our ment
31、al horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields.通过学英语我们能够开阔自己的精神视野，增加我们在各领域的知识。 (二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点通知 题目要求 (2018全国卷)你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together，内容包括：1短片内容：学校的发展；2放映时间、地点；3欢迎对短片提出意见。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 背范文NoticeA short English film Growing Together w
32、ill be shown this weekend. The film mainly focuses on the development of our school, which will greatly help us students know about the history and development of our school, and then inspire us to make contributions to our school. Anyone who shows interest in the film is welcome to enjoy it in the
33、lecture hall, located on the first floor of the third teaching building. The film will last 2 hours, from 5：20 pm to 7：20 pm on Sunday afternoon. In order to get a good seat for seeing, youd better arrive twenty minutes earlier. If you have any opinion about the film, please send emails to studentun
34、ion. Looking forward to your valuable advice.Student Union学亮点1学谋篇布局2学亮丽开头本文开头直接用A short English film Growing Together will be shown this weekend.介绍通知的主题内容，直截了当，符合通知的特点。3学高级表达(1)使用高级词语，如：focus on, inspire, make contributions to, show interest in, be welcome to, valuable等。(2)准确运用高级句式，如：非限制性定语从句which w
35、ill greatly help us .；限制性定语从句who shows interest in the film；过去分词短语作定语located on the first floor of the third teaching building；动词不定式短语作目的状语In order to get a good seat for seeing等，为文章增色添彩，提升了文章的档次。4学精彩结尾根据题目要求(欢迎对短片提出意见)，考生用了一个含有条件状语从句的句子If you have any opinion about the film, please .向同学们征求意见。最后用Loo
36、king forward to your valuable advice.表达了对大家提意见的期待。5防微点失分考生容易把“A short English film Growing Together will be shown this weekend.”中的shown误用为showed，或把“Looking forward to your valuable advice.”中的advice误用成advices，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识 全面练练清易错微点.单词拼写1A punctual (准时的) person always finishes everythin
37、g ahead of time.2The youth like to follow the latest trends (潮流) in fashion.3Several decades (十年) have passed since I graduated from the college.4Finally, I sincerely (真诚地) hope every one of you will enjoy yourself here.5Exposure to the sun can accelerate (加快) the aging process.6According to the law
38、, all foreigners have to register (登记) with the local police within two weeks of arrival.7The company has over 500 stores nationwide (全国范围地)8.Its amazing how closely Brian and Steve resemble (像) each other.根据语境写出加蓝部分的汉语意思1Fasten the gates securely so that they do not blow open. 关紧2Even though the co
39、nference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual. 准时的3(2020天津7月高考)Simply turn the machine on, point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back. 目标4(2018全国卷)Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into i
40、t are significant. 相对的，相关的5(熟词生义)(2020全国卷)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. 记录簿6(熟词生义)The guard guards the guarantee in the garden regardless of the danger.抵押品7.(熟词生义)He graduated from a key university with great honors and
41、I think he is adequate to the job. 胜任的，合格的.单句语法填空1Convinced of the accuracy (accurate) of the data, they stuck to their opinion.2You may not decorate the flat without the landlords approval (approve)3The report stated explicitly (explicit) that the system was to blame.4To my delight, I was chosen fr
42、om hundreds of applicants (apply) to attend the opening ceremony.5They found him lying unconscious (conscious) on the floor when they broke in.6.The detective thought the stick was relative to the murder case.7Police will have the pictures enlarged (large) in an attempt to identify the thief.名师点拨“一站
43、清”(1)resemble 不能用于进行时，也没有被动语态。(2)be adequate to .可表示“胜任；适合于”或“足够做”。(3)be relative to表示“关于的，涉及的”。 重点练深化高频考点1absence 明其义n不在，缺席；缺乏，没有 通其用(1)单句语法填空The little girl often takes the responsibility to look after her young brother in the absence of her parents.It is because of a long absence (absent) from sc
44、hool that I am a bit behind the other classmates.Hopefully，the robot like human beings will help some children feel less lonely while they are absent from class.(2)句型转换Her absence from the meeting caused lots of doubts.That she was_absent_from the meeting caused lots of doubts.He acted as chairman i
45、n my absence.He acted as chairman in_the_absence_of_me. 解其困(1)absence的反义词是presence n“出席；在场”；(2)absence和absent表示“缺席”，后都接from。2surround 明其义vt.环绕，围绕；包围 通其用(1)单句语法填空The house, which is large and is surrounded by/with trees and flowers, is exactly what she longs for.When I headed toward the centre, I fou
46、nd myself surrounded (surround) by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe.Only if we take good care of the surrounding trees and rivers can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.(surround)(2)句式升级The village is surrounded by mountains.So it is not easy to reach.(用过去分词短语作状语)
47、Surrounded_by_mountains,_the village is not easy to reach. 解其困(1)surrounding为形容词，表示“周围的，附近的”；(2)surroundings为名词，表示“周围的事物；环境；气氛”。3guarantee 明其义vt.保证；担保 n保证；保证书；抵押品 通其用(1)单句语法填空I guarantee to_finish (finish) off my paper on time, no matter what happens.The cell phone will be repaired free when it is u
48、nder guarantee without human damage.If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.(2)同义句转换Even if you complete your training I cant guarantee you a job.Even if you complete your training I cant guarantee_a_job_to_you. 解其困如果表示“保证某人做某事”，guarantee不能用于guarantee sb.to do s
49、th.，只能用于guarantee to do sth.或guarantee that .。4adjust 明其义vt.调节；调整；整理 vi.适应 通其用(1)写出下列句中adjust的含义The body can adjust itself to the change of temperature. 调节Watch out for sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly. 调整Once youve adjusted to your new independence you may find you can go further. 适应(2
50、)单句语法填空If you adjust to someone, the person will begin to feel that you are with him on the same wavelength.With the continuous changes of job market, I made adjustments (adjust) to my job expectations time and again.You should adjust your language to the age of your audience.A chair with adjustable
51、 (adjust) height is beneficial to your health.(3)完成句子In the new term, most students adjusted_themselves_to_their_new_environment very quickly.在新学期，大多数学生很快使自己适应了新环境。 解其困在adjust to中，to为介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。5congratulate 明其义vt.祝贺；庆贺；恭喜 通其用(1)单句语法填空The manager congratulated the employees on their great effo
52、rts.I heartily congratulate myself (I) on having such knowledgeable parents.(2)一句多译我们恭喜你竞赛获得成功。We congratulated_you_on_your_success in the competition.(congratulate)We offered/sent_our_congratulations_to_you_on_your_success in the competition.(congratulation) 解其困(1)congratulate“祝贺；道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝
53、贺的事情，后面要用on/upon连接，构成congratulate sb.on/upon sth.。(2)congratulations“恭喜；祝贺”常用复数形式。6negotiate 明其义vt.谈判；协商 通其用(1)单句语法填空They have decided to negotiate with the boss about/for their wage claims.We are satisfied with the smoothness of the negotiation (negotiate)(2)同义句转换The trade agreement is still being
54、negotiated among members of APEC.The trade agreement is still under_negotiation among members of APEC. 解其困under negotiation 表示“在商谈中”，类似的短语还有：under repair，under construction，under consideration, under discussion, under guarantee。7embarrass 明其义vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难 通其用(1)单句语法填空Miss Li found herself in an emb
55、arrassing (embarrass) position where she didnt know which side she should support.It was shameful to be found sleeping in class.His classmates laughter only added to his embarrassment (embarrass)He was embarrassed at/about being the centre of attention.Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, b
56、ut his name escaped me, which made me embarrassed (embarrass)(2)句式升级She felt embarrassed by so much praise and rose from her seat and left quietly.(用过去分词短语作状语)Embarrassed_by_so_much_praise,_she_rose_from_her_seat_and_left_quietly. 解其困embarrassed通常指“(人感到)尴尬的”；embarrassing通常指“(物或事情)令人尴尬的”。学案(二)词块、句式的活
57、学活用强化关键能力 词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空get ahead， catch on， on purpose， keep in mind， consist of， stand out， rely on， regardless of， on the other hand， more than 1.On one hand I have to work; on_the_other_hand I have many visitors to look after.2It is a nice song and I think it will catch_on quickly.3.I asked h
58、im why he left out important information on_purpose.4.Canada is a country consisting_of many different nationalities.5They were all attractive, but she stood_out from others.6Getting_ahead at work is the most important thing to me at the moment.7.While advertisements are of great help, I dont think
59、we should entirely rely_on them.8Regardless_of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decisions.9The most important thing to keep_in_mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.10More_than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.名师点拨“一站清”(1)on the other h
60、and中不要漏掉定冠词the。(2)on purpose的同义短语为：by design。其反义短语为by chance和by accident，意为“偶然地”。(3)consist of无进行时和被动语态，但consisting of可作后置定语。(4)rely on的同义短语有depend on, count on等。.易错对对碰辨析比较congratulate sb.on sth. VS celebrate sth.比较People in the city held a great party to celebrate their victory. Let me congratulate
61、 you on having passed the examination.辨清(1)congratulate后跟所祝贺的事情时，要用on/upon连接，构成congratulate sb.on/upon sth.。(2)celebrate表示举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语。.多义比比看一词多义(写出下列句中catch on的含义)Being a foreigner, Carl did not catch on to the joke. 理解The new dance quickly caught on among the young. 受欢迎，流行起来If o
62、nly this idea could catch on, we should be able to make quite a lot of money out of it. 被接受 句式的验收盘点 (一)whether .or .引导让步状语从句 通其用完成句子It doesnt matter whether_you_pay_by_cash_or_credit_card in this store.在这家商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether_or_not_you_will_co
63、me.如果你能让我提前知道你是否能来，我会很感激的。We must act as quickly as possible now.Just tell us whether_you_can_undertake_the_task_or_not.现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。 解其困(1)whether .or .引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是还是；不论还是”。此外，它还可引导名词性从句；(2)whether or not意为“无论，是否”；(3)whether to do sth.(or not)意为“是否做某事”，为“引导词to do”形式，常用来作动词宾语。 (二
64、)provided that 引导条件状语从句通其用1完成句子Provided_that there is any demand, I would be very happy to help.如果有任何需要，我都很乐意帮你。He can use the bicycle provided_that he returns it tomorrow.自行车可以借给他，条件是明天归还。2同义句转换You can use this room so long as you keep it clean.You can use this room on_condition_that you keep it cl
65、ean.You can use this room providing/provided/supposing/suppose/given_that you keep it clean. 解其困上述句中的provided that作连词用，引导条件状语从句，that可以省略，相当于providing that。类似的连词有：(1)suppose/supposing (that), given (that), assume/assuming (that)假如，如果(2)on condition that 如果，在条件下(3)as/so long as 只要学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2
66、020天津5月高考阅读理解D篇对接课标主题：语言学习的规律、方法等 (一)精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法) 1Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If youre studying history, asking yourself the question “why is history important” is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civil
67、ization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.2History_grounds_us_in_our_roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful gli
68、mpse (一瞥) into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being openminded to the evolution of your culture can provide.3History_enriches_our_experience. Reading history is
69、an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago. According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in
70、handling challenges of life.4History makes us more empathetic (具有共情能力的). Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate f
71、or others is usually caused by ignorance (无知). Were scared of the things that we dont understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.5History can inspire us to learn more. Whats fantastic about hist
72、ory is the way it broadens our horizons. Its almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts. century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens Oliver Twist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two a
73、bout realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody.6The value of history cannot be underestimated. We dont have to live in the past, but we can
74、definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives.,析微点厚积语言基础构词法否定后缀less意为“不，无”pointless adj.无意义的hopeless adj. 绝望的helpless adj. 无助的aimless adj. 无目标的homeless adj. 无家可归的meaningless adj. 毫无意义的微积累看“看”大集合：glimpse一瞥；一看glance 瞥一眼；匆匆一看；浏览gaze 凝视，注视stare 凝视；注视
75、；盯着看glare 怒目而视微语法faced为过去分词作定语修饰problems。过去分词作定语与被修饰词之间为被动关系或表示完成。微点拨名词动用：shapen形状；外形；性质；特点v塑造；影响的发展；使成为形状微积累熟词生义：foreignadj.外国的；涉外的(熟义)adj.陌生的(生义)be foreign to sb.对某人来说是陌生的通句式句子(1)的句型结构为：祈使句and陈述句(if .主句)理脉络内化读文规律 (二)解析真题感悟素养立意 考什么怎么考真题再做51The underlined part “where we are today” in Para.2 probably
76、 means _.Athe turning point in our historyBthe present state of our nationCthe location of our homelandDthe total area of our country解析：选B句意理解题。根据画线部分所在句可知，作者意在表达学习祖国的历史可以让我们更深入、更有意义地了解我们祖先的过去，以及我们是如何到达现在的状态的，故“where we are today”指的是我们国家现在的状态，故B项正确。52According to the experts, why is history useful f
77、or people to handle challenges of life?AThe problems at present are similar to those in the past.BAncient people laid economic foundations for people today.CThe current challenges of life were predicted by the ancestors.DPeople living long time ago knew more about how to solve problems.解析：选A细节理解题。根据
78、第三段中的“According to the experts .one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.”可知，现在的人们面对的问题与过去的人们面对的问题是相同的，故现在的人们可以借鉴古人解决问题的方法，故A项正确。53What can be concluded from Para.4?AIt is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers.BPeople are willing to accept foreign cultures.CCultural conflic
79、ts in history are difficult to ignore.DHistory helps us improve our crosscultural awareness.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures.” “History has the potential to break down .would otherwise be foreign to us.”可知，学习历史可以帮助我们了解其他文化，提升我们的跨文化意识，故D项正确。54
80、With the example in Para.5, the writer intends to show that _.ACharles Dickens contributes much to British literatureBOliver Twist can satisfy our curiosity about romantic poetsCreading novels is a way to learn about a historical periodDstudying history can arouse peoples interest in other fields解析：
81、选D推理判断题。根据第五段主题句“History can inspire us to learn more.”以及所举例子的内容可知，当学习十九世纪的英国历史时，你可能会看到查尔斯狄更斯的小说雾都孤儿。你可能最终会把注意力从小说上移开，了解到浪漫主义诗人的历史。由此可推知，作者举例是为了说明学习历史可以引起人们对其他领域的兴趣，故D项正确。55What could be the best title for the passage?AHow to Build Cultural IdentityBWhy Studying History MattersCKnow the Past, Know t
82、he PresentDHistory: a Way to Broaden Ones Horizons解析：选B标题判断题。根据第一段中的“If youre studying history .is an essential part of human civilization.”可知，作者开篇提出“历史为何重要”的问题，之后从四个方面(第二至五段)来回答这一问题；最后一段中的“The value of history cannot be underestimated.”呼应主题，强调历史的价值不可被低估。综上所述，文章意在向读者说明学习历史为何重要，故B项为本文最佳标题。 为什么考有何价值导向
83、解读一、发展思维品质文中第55题考查学生的概括性思维。根据第一段中的“If youre studying history .is an essential part of human civilization.”可知，作者开篇提出“历史为何重要”的问题，之后从四个方面(第二至五段)来回答这一问题；最后一段中的“The value of history cannot be underestimated.”呼应主题，强调历史的价值不可被低估。综上所述，文章意在向读者说明学习历史为何重要。二、聚焦核心价值本文主要讲述了学习历史可以使我们更深入地了解我们人类社会的过去，同时也可知晓我们是如何发展成如今
84、的现状。以史为鉴，古为今用，学习历史可以让我们从中总结经验少走弯路。对于一个国家来说，历史是经验、教训、借鉴，是过去的沉淀，是未来的导向；对于一个人来说，历史是最好的老师。古今中外，历史都能教人们融会贯通、惩前毖后，它是学习的源泉，是进步的信心。因此，学习历史具有十分重要的作用。 (三)借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填空1We had to walk a path made (make) by a line of bricks on the muddy ground.2We searched until we knew it would be pointless (point) to cont
85、inue.3When cracks appear in friendships，we should reflect on ourselves about what has gone wrong.4His ideas were_shaped (shape) by his experiences during the war.5It is important to try and learn from experience.补全句子1The picture on the wall aroused_the_boys_interest (激起了这个男孩的兴趣)2With time going by,
86、I attach_more_significance (认为更重要) to what Im doing.3When it comes to IT, it is_foreign_to (对来说是陌生的) me.4Not only can travelling_broaden_your_horizons (开阔你的眼界), it can relax your body and soul as well.5Come_on_time (按时来), and youll see your favourite star.分析长难句1Reading history is an amazing experien
87、ce because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago. 句式解构本句是一个含有because引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句；主句为主系表结构，其中主语为动名词短语Reading_history；其中原因状语从句中现在分词living作后置定语，修饰people。句意翻译阅读历史是一种奇妙的经历，因为它使我们能够反思在很久以前的人们的社会和经济生活。2Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into
88、why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. 句式解构本句是含有三个宾语从句的主从复合句；主句的主语为动名词短语Studying history；谓语动词是can give。第一个介词into后跟两个并列的宾语从句，why引导第一个宾语从句；how引导第二个宾语从句；how引导的宾语从句中介词into后又跟了一个what引导的宾语从句。句意翻译学习历史可以让我们深入了解为什么我们的文化会做某些事情，以及过去是如何把它塑造成我们现在所知道的样子的。.主题语境写作
89、很多学生对于学习历史都有一定的误解，因为他们觉得历史既没用又枯燥。然而，每个学科都有自己的价值，历史也不例外。对此你有什么看法呢？请你就此写一篇小短文。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：So many students hold a misunderstanding towards history study because they think it useless and boring. However, each subject has its own value, so does history.There are several points a
90、ccounting for my view. In the first place, history is a part of culture，through which we can appreciate the culture of a country. In the second place, history learning helps us to make correct decisions.By reviewing history, we can avoid some mistakes which we had made in the past.Last but not least
91、, we can learn some new ways of thinking from learning history.To sum up, learning history is not only necessary but also very important.课下主题训练语言学习的规律、方法等课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)pronunciationvocabularyamateur expression idiom accumulate dialect spelling recite retell accura
92、cy review practise drill translate alphabet accent tone stress usage (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)vocabulary， amateur， accumulate， accuracy， review， recite， practise， pronunciation 1Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.2Although Toms only an amateur hes a firstclass player.3I re
93、peated them until I could recite seventy stories without dropping a word.4In order to make his oral English better, he practises speaking English every day.5His vocabulary was sound and his grammar excellent.6You should review important points mentioned in class as well as points you are confused ab
94、out.单句语法填空1If you have finished your translation (translate), please hand back my dictionary.2She was practising surfing (surf) when a shark struck her, hurting her left arm.3I admired the speed and accuracy (accurate) with which she typed.4This homework gives students practice in written expression
95、 (express)5You can improve your pronunciation (pronounce) in more than one way, such as listening to recordings.6The composition is not well written, and moreover, there are many spelling (spell) mistakes in it.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1When you doubt about the stress on a word, consult your dictionary. 重音2The
96、 spokesman said the tone of the letter was very friendly. 语调3The more creative you are, the easier it is to retell the story of what happened. 复述4The teacher runs them through a drill the days of the week, the weather and some counting. 练习5How many letters are there in the English alphabet? 字母表二、主题语
97、篇押题练.阅读理解AThere is no better way to learn a language than by living and mixing with native speakers. Youll live with native speakers and practice your skills when shopping, reading the local newspaper or watching television. Your language skills will improve rapidly!Buenos Aires, ArgentinaLearn Span
98、ish at the University of Buenos Aires. All lessons are available at beginner, intermediate (中级的) or advanced level. The courses at the University of Buenos Aires are onemonth courses of 15 hours per week, 3 hours of classes a day and all classes are in the afternoon.Florianopolis Island, BrazilLearn
99、 Brazilian Portuguese on the island of Florianopolis in the south of Brazil. Private lessons are arranged for you if you just want to learn some basic phrases and vocabulary, or you would like to have a more advanced course or improve your existing knowledge of the language.We have something for eve
100、ryone!Guilin, ChinaInvolve yourself in the Chinese language and culture through our courses in Guilin. We offer flexible modules so that you can apply your newlyacquired language skills in practical situations according to your specific needs, such as learning the language for leisure or for work pu
101、rposes. Youll start your program with a Cultural Awareness Week learning about Chinese culture and customs. Youll then go on to choose the level of the course.Quito, EcuadorLearning a language at this wonderful school is fun! Youll be taught Spanish by experienced teachers who make every lesson inte
102、resting and even organize great cultural activities as well! The classes are highly focused on the development of communication skills. Youll have the choice between group lessons or private lessons.1What is the best way to learn a language according to the author?AMaking friends with native speaker
103、s.BHaving the language all around you.CLearning a language while traveling.DTaking courses taught by native speakers.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者认为，学习一门外语最好的方法就是生活在讲这种语言的环境中。2How many hours of classes are included in the courses at the University of Buenos Aires?A3.B15.C45.D60.解析：选D推理判断题。根据Buenos Aires,
104、 Argentina部分的最后一句可知，布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的课程是为期一个月的课程，每周15小时，每天3小时，也就是说，布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的课程共包含15460个时。3What do we know about the people taking courses in Guilin?AThey take classes every afternoon.BThey attend group lessons or private lessons.CThey travel around China during the program.DThey learn about Chinese cultur
105、e before taking classes.解析：选D细节理解题。根据Guilin, China部分的第三句可知，参加桂林课程项目的学生在课程开始前会先参与一个文化意识周的活动，以了解中国文化与习俗。4Where are you advised to go if you want to learn Spanish?ABuenos Aires or Quito.BBuenos Aires or Guilin.CFlorianopolis Island or Quito.DFlorianopolis Island or Buenos Aires.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Buenos Aire
106、s, Argentina中第一句以及Quito, Ecuador中第二句可知，这两个地方的课程是教授西班牙语的。BOver the past several decades, researchers have regularly developed devices meant to translate American Sign Language (ASL) into English, in the hope of easing communication between people who are deaf or hard of hearing and other people. Many
107、 of these technologies use gloves to capture (捕捉) the motion of signing, which can be large and awkward.Now, a group of researchers at Michigan State University has developed a gloveless device that they hope will improve ASLEnglish translation.The technology, called DeepASL, uses a camera device to
108、 capture hand motions, and then feeds the data through a deep learning algorithm (算法), which matches it to signs of ASL. Unlike previous devices, DeepASL can translate whole sentences, and doesnt require users to pause between signs.“This is a truly nonintrusive technology，” says Mi Zhang, a profess
109、or of electrical and computer engineering who leads the research.Zhang and his team hope DeepASL can help people who are deaf and hard of hearing by serving as a realtime translator. “It could be especially useful in emergency situations，” Zhang says, “when waiting for a translator could cost precio
110、us minutes.”Zhang has applied for a patent and hopes to put the device on the market within a year. But Christian Vogler, a professor of communication studies at Gallaudet University, is dubious about devices designed to translate ASL.“Devices merely recognize hand signs and turn them into an Englis
111、h word per sign，” Vogler says. “This means key grammatical information is lost, information about whether a phrase is a question, a relative clause and so forth.”Zhangs team didnt test the device on people who were deaf and hard of hearing but on students in a sign language translation program.Zhang
112、 emphasizes DeepASL is designed to enable merely basic communication at this point, and that this is just a starting place. He says his team hopes to develop DeepASLs ability in the future to capture face and body movements.“Thatll be the next significant milestone for us to reach，” he says.5Compare
113、d with DeepASL, what is the disadvantage of previous devices?AThey can not translate whole sentences.BThey provide inaccurate translation.CThey cant translate in real time.DThey are too expensive.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“DeepASL can translate whole sentences”可知，之前的手语翻译工具不能翻译整个句子，故选A。6What does the und
114、erlined word “dubious” mean?AConfident.BAshamed.CDoubtful. DFond.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容可推知，Vogler认为这些设备不能真正地翻译手语，故dubious意为“怀疑的”，故选C。7What new function might be added to DeepASL in the future?AGuessing users intentions.BFinding out users identity.CCommunicating with users.DRecognizing facial expressio
115、ns.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，未来DeepASL将会识别面部表情和肢体动作，故选D。.语法填空UN Chinese Language Day _1_ (celebrate) yearly on April 20.This year, Doreen Hynd was among those invitees, who are either experts on the Chinese culture _2_ have a special skill related to it.Hynd astonished all those present while perform
116、ing Tai Chi, _3_ Chinese martial (武术的) art form, at an event held by the UN Tai Chi Club.The audience could hardly believe she was a 93yearold grandma.It was definitely amazing that she could bend her body and raise her leg so _4_ (easy) and keep herself still standing on one leg.Hynd owes (归功于) all
117、 this to her continuous practice of Tai Chi.Born in Australia in 1925, Hynd began Tai Chi training in her 50s and then moved to the US, _5_ she later became an instructor herself.When _6_ (ask) about the greatest benefit she gained from Tai Chi, Hynd said, “balance.” Hynd has been teaching people of
118、 all ages and different _7_ (culture) backgrounds how to practice Tai Chi.They have benefited greatly from their association with the Chinese culture.Theyve developed a balanced state of mind and improved their health after _8_ (month) of practice.Tai Chi allows these people _9_ (understand) that, f
119、rom the perspective (视角) of yin and yang, all things are closely connected with each other.This might be where the attraction of Tai Chi _10_ (lie)Hynd enjoys sharing this great gift from China with her students.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一年一度的联合国汉语日受邀嘉宾 Doreen Hynd以及她与中国文化的渊源。1is celebrated考查时态和语态。结合句意可知，句
120、子应用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填is celebrated。2or考查固定搭配。either .or .为固定短语，意为“要么要么”，故填or。3a考查冠词。此处表示“一种武术形式”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，且Chinese的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。4easily考查副词。修饰bend和raise应用副词，故填easily。5where考查定语从句。此处the US是先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。6asked考查非谓语动词。Hynd和ask之间是被动关系，所以这里应用过去分词作时间状语，故填asked。7cultural考查形容词。此处backgrounds
121、是名词，应用形容词修饰名词，故填cultural。8months考查名词复数。此处表示“经过几个月的练习”，应用名词复数，故填months。9to understand考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”为固定短语，故填to understand。10lies考查时态。结合本段描述客观情况可知，此处应用一般现在时态；where引导的表语从句中的主语是the attraction，为第三人称单数，故填lies。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)excited enough enlarge acq
122、uisition get devoted goal preview frequently sentence phrase brochure grammar fluent applicant dictation skim scan communicate grasp (二)主题词汇训练.单句语法填空1Applicants (apply) for the job must be between 25 and 35 years old and a good command of English is required.2First of all, Im good at English and I c
123、an speak English fluently (fluent)3The area is flooded, as frequently (frequent) happens during the typhoon.4This photograph is a bit too old and probably wont be enlarged (large) well.5Life is a process about the acquisition (acquire) of knowledge, wealth and happiness.6Speech is the fastest method
124、 of communication (communicate) between people.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1Its required for every high school student to preview the lessons before class. 预习2Could you please send us your company brochure and your latest annual report？小册子3Thats exactly the phrase I was looking for myself. 短语4The meaning of the s
125、entence is obvious to everybody. 句子5That is not, properly speaking, a dictionary but a grammar book. 语法6She scanned through the newspaper over breakfast. 浏览7It is a subject which is set for students to grasp Chinese philosophy and culture. 理解8He skimmed through the article trying to find his name. 浏
126、览.用本单元词汇替换加蓝单词1I am very excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine together.I cant agree more. thrilled2The determined look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself. adequate3At last he got a position of great influence. attained4When he at last arrived in Rome he fel
127、t he had reached his goal. target二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解A new study suggests some language learning can take place during sleep. Researchers from Switzerlands University of Bern say they discovered people were able to learn new language words during deep levels of sleep.Much of the earlier research found tha
128、t memories made when people were awake were reinforced and strengthened during sleep. The researchers theorized that, if so, the processing and storage of new information should also be possible during sleep. The research group was led by Katharina Henke, a professor at the University of Bern. The r
129、esearchers carried out experiments on a group of young Germanspeaking men and women. The researchers recorded brain activity as pairs of words were played for the study subjects. One word in the pair was a real German word. The other was a madeup foreign word.For later identification purposes, the G
130、erman words chosen were things clearly larger or smaller than a shoebox. Each word pair was played four times, with the order of the words changed each time. When the subjects woke, they were presented with the false language words both by sight and sound. They were then asked to guess whether the f
131、alse word played during sleep represented an object smaller or larger than a shoebox. Results of the study found that a majority of subjects gave more correct answers about the sleeplearned words than would be expected if they had only guessed at random.The researchers say more studies are needed to
132、 support their findings. However, the experiments do provide new evidence that memories can be formed and vocabulary learning can take place in both conscious and unconscious states.1What is the main idea of the passage?ASome language learning can take place during sleep.BMemories cant be formed in
133、unconscious states.CPeople could learn new words during light sleep.DMemories could be reinforced and strengthened during sleep.解析：选A主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段第一句可知，文章主要介绍了睡眠期间也能学习某种语言。故选A。2What can we know about this research?AThe Germans have a bad memory.BThis research still needs more studies.CThe Germans
134、 were given two pairs of words.DThe given words were all real German words.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“more studies are needed”可知，这项研究仍需更多的研究。故选B。3What results can be got during sleep in learning words?APeople can give more correct answers.BThe words cant be remembered clearly.CMost words are often prese
135、nt in a wrong way.DPeople tend to remember words randomly.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，研究发现在学习单词方面，人们在睡眠期间能够给出更多的正确答案。故选A。4What is the authors attitude towards the research?AIronic.BCritical.CObjective. DSubjective.解析：选C观点态度题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项新的研究，且作者并未表明自己对该研究的态度，即作者对该研究的态度是客观的。故选C。.阅读七选五As English learners
136、, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in front of others. _1_ Here are some solutions to help you build confidence in speaking English.Adopt a practice and repetition routine (常规). When something becomes natural to you, you begin to feel confident of doing it. And the only way you
137、can arrive at this “natural” way of doing things is through practice and repetition. _2_ So write down what you may talk about and then practise saying it aloud and repeatedly before an English meeting._3_ You may lose confidence when your spoken English is misunderstood by listeners. In most cases,
138、 its because the listeners are not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy to achieve.Dont run away from uncomfortable situations. It is natural for any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, but you will build your confidence i
139、n the uncomfortable zones. _4_All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesnt happen overnight._5_ As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” As long as you make enough efforts, you will surely improve your spoken English, and then you will naturally become confident of speaking English in f
140、ront of others.APurposely speak more slowly.BTry to understand your listeners.CIt takes time and you need to make continuous efforts.DIt is common to make some mistakes when you speak English.EWell, its the same principle as speaking English confidently.FHowever, going from an unconfident speaker to
141、 a confident one is possible.GThe secret is to be fully prepared, and then you will overcome the uncomfortable situations.1选F空前内容提出英语学习者在公开讲英语时常常会感到焦虑不安，F项“然而，从一个不自信的说英语者变成一个自信的说英语者是可能的”与上文内容形成转折，且为下文提出自信地说英语的方法做铺垫。2选E联系上下文可知，空后建议人们不断重复练习他们可能要说的内容，而这与空前介绍的想要自信地做任何事情都必须不断重复练习的理论一致，故E项“这和自信地说英语是同样的原理”
142、承上启下，符合语境。3选A根据本段内容尤其是最后一句可知，本段建议人们有意识地说慢一些，故A项适合作本段主旨句。4选G根据本段内容可知，本段建议人们走出舒适区去练习说英语，故G项“秘诀就是做好充分的准备，然后你就会克服不舒服的情况”进一步给出了具体的建议，符合语境。5选C根据空前的“All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesnt happen overnight”可知，C项“这需要时间，而且你需要不断付出努力”是对空前内容的补充说明，并与下文的“make enough efforts”相呼应。.短文改错One day, I as
143、ked Jenny, one of my friend, whether she would like to study English with me.“Your idea sounded so good because we all can improve our English，” Jenny said.“Therefore, I wont do that unless you make progress in the approached examination next week.” Then she asked if I was willing to meet challenge.
144、On hearing her words, I answered what I would.I used the Internet, films, books, or everything else to improve my English skills.More to my delight, my work paid off a week later and Jenny agreed with to study together with me.答案：第一句：friendfriends第二句：soundedsounds; allboth第三句：ThereforeHowever; approachedapproaching第四句：challenge前加the第五句：whatthat第六句：orand第七句：MoreMuch; 去掉第一个with
