1、40分阅读限时练(一)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019福建省质检Trail Safe ! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone! Its based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the
2、 human factor of safety is explored. Trail Safe ! captures the core learning objectives of the 16hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.The Trail Safe ! series includes eight video lessons, each ranging in length from 18 to 40 minutes. Watch
3、 them over the course of multiple days, or “bingewatch” the entire series in three hours its up to you but please watch them in order from Lesson 1 through Lesson 8. After viewing the lessons, send your training verification (证实) emails to register your participation. When you have viewed and regist
4、ered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a Trail Safe ! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field. Thank you for helping to make Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore one of the safest work environments for NPS Trail Volunteers like yourself.Ready to start?
5、Click on this link to access all Trail Safe ! videos: https: /www.nps.gov/iatr/trailsafe. htmIf you require Audio Descriptive versions of Trail Safe ！，the link to those videos is also available on the Ice Age National Scenic Trail site.Record your participationIn order to receive credits for your pa
6、rticipation, please fill in your answers to the following questions and send an email to: daniel_watsonnps.gov.Which video lesson did you just complete viewing?Name of the Trail where you volunteer.Your name and full mailing address, so we may send your course completion materials to you.Names and a
7、ddresses of others if you are viewing this lesson in a group setting.Optional：Please let us know any comments or suggestions you have about this lesson.Upon registering your completion for the entire eight lesson series, youll receive your Trail Safe! pin and risk assessment card via mail.体裁：应用文题材：教
8、育培训主题：道路安全在线培训课程【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Trail Safe ！道路安全培训课程的情况，包括学习方法、申报途径等。【难句分析】Its based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the human factor of safety is explored.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“where the human factor of safety is explored”为where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为“NPS Operational Leadership Training”，关系副词
9、where在从句中作地点状语。译文：它是基于NPS运营领导培训，在此培训中探索安全方面的人为因素。1What is the aim of Trail Safe ！？ATo develop volunteers operational leadership.BTo offer links to the websites for learning.CTo provide credits for viewing.DTo pass the risk assessment.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句“Its based upon NPS Operational Leadership T
10、raining, where the human factor of safety is explored”，并结合该段内容可知，该培训课程是基于NPS运营领导培训，在此培训中探索安全方面的人为因素。据此可推知，该课程旨在开发志愿者的运营领导能力，故A项正确。2How long does it take the participants to watch the eight videos at a time?A18 minutes. B40 minutes.C3 hours. D16 hours.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的“bingewatch the entire se
11、ries in three hours”可知，一次性看完8个视频课程需要三个小时，故C项正确。3What should the participants do to get a SPE/GAR card?AWatch and register for all the series.BGive some comments on the lessons.CSend and receive training mail.DAnswer all of the questions.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段倒数第二句“When you have viewed and registered fo
12、r all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a Trail Safe! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field”可知，观看并注册所有八个单独的课程后，每个参与者可以得到通过邮件发来的徽章和SPE或GAR卡，故A项正确。4What can be inferred about the job of NPS Trail Volunteers?AIt is popular with everyone.BIt can be dangerous.CIt s
13、hall be completed online.DIt needs NPS working experience.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第一段第一句中的“a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers”和第二句中的“where the human factor of safety is explored”以及最后一段中的“risk assessment”可推知，NPS道路志愿者工作是一项危险的工作，故B项正确。B2019山西
14、省联考I became a magician by accident. When I was nine years old, I learned how to make a coin disappear. Id read The Lord of the Rings and gone into the adult section of the library to be buried in fantasy literature but young enough to still hold out hope that I might find a book of real, actual magi
15、c in the library. The book I found taught basic techniques, and I tried to practice.At first the magic wasnt any good. It was just a trick a bad trick. I spent hours each day running through the secret moves in front of the mirror. I dropped the coin over and over, a thousand times in a day, and aft
16、er two weeks my mom got a carpet and placed it under the mirror to muffle (使声音减弱) the sound of the coin falling again and again.One day I made the coin disappear on the playground. We had been playing football and were standing in the field behind the school. A dozen people were watching. I showed t
17、he coin to everyone. Then it disappeared. The kids screamed. Everyone went crazy.A few years later, I staged an underwater escape in the river that flowed through the middle of the campus of the University of Iowa, where I went to school. I stood on a boat in the middle of the river wearing nothing
18、but biking shorts. The sky was dead and gray, and the water was cold at the surface, and colder in the depths below.Technically, I succeeded, I jumped into the water, sank to the bottom, and escaped from the locks and the chains before swimming to the surface. But it didnt feel like a success.体裁：记叙文
19、题材：个人经历主题：成为魔术师的经历【语篇解读】偶然的机会让作者成为一名魔术师。文章讲述了作者个人早期练习并表演成功的两个魔术：一个是“让硬币消失”，另一个是“水下脱身”。【难句分析】Id read The Lord of the Rings and gone into the adult section of the library to be buried in fantasy literature but young enough to still hold out hope that I might find a book of real, actual magic in the li
20、brary.分析：本句为主从复合句。主句是一个复杂的简单句结构，其中and连接并列的两部分谓语；but之后省略了主语和连系动词；名词hope之后跟有that引导的同位语从句。译文：我阅读过指环王，且进入图书馆的成人区，沉浸在梦幻般的文学殿堂里；但是年龄尚小，仍然抱有在图书馆或许能够找到一本真正真实的魔术书籍的希望。5What do we know about the author?AHe became a magician in one day.BHe found wonderful techniques in the library.CIn order to become a magicia
21、n, he never stopped practicing.DHe looked through every section of the library to search for a useful book.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第一段最后一句“The book I found taught basic techniques, and I tried to practice.”以及第二段中的“I dropped the coin over and over, a thousand times in a day.”可以推知，作者一直坚持训练，是为了成为魔术师。故选C项。6How
22、did the author make the kids scream?ABy playing football with them.BBy making the showing coin disappear.CBy practicing his techniques more frequently.DBy providing handson practice.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“I showed the coin to everyone. Then it disappeared. The kids screamed.”可知，作者通过展示让硬币消失而使观看的孩子们尖叫，
23、故选B项。7What can be a suitable title for the text?AThe Magic Trick That Changed My LifeBA Nineteenyearold MagicianCWhat Can Give You a Magic Life?DA Brief Introduction to a Magicians Life答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。综观全文并结合文章第一段第一句“I became a magician by accident.”可知，作者由于偶然的机会对魔术产生了浓厚的兴趣并坚持练习，最终成为魔术师。由此可以推知，魔术改变了作者的
24、生活，故选A项。C2019江西联考It is often difficult for farmers to identify diseases quickly enough to protect their crops and those on neighboring farms. Now, some farmers are using a simple device directly in the field to find viruses before they spread.In Tanzania, several viruses are a threat to cassava (木薯)
25、 crops. Farmers struggle to identify the diseases in an urgent effort to avoid severe crop damage. The disease identification process is often difficult when farmers are acting on their own. If they do not know what is attacking their crops, they cannot decide the best way to fight the disease. A de
26、vice from British technology company Oxford Nanopore Technologies is changing that. The device extracts deoxyribonucleic acid, better known as DNA, from plants. DNA is the carrier of genetic information in nearly all living things. The device helps farmers identify what is harming their crops so the
27、y can change to more resistant crops.Laura Boykin is with The University of Western Australia and also works with the Cassava Virus Action Project. She brought the device to a Tanzanian farm owned by Asha Mohamed. She said, “We are here collecting leaf punches from infected material to test, to do a
28、 DNA extraction and then start sequencing (测定序列) in the field.” The testing identified a number of viruses in the cassava fields near Mohameds farm. The process also discovered that plants considered resistant to the diseases had a very low viral (病毒的) level. Once the viruses were identified, Asha M
29、ohamed was given two kinds of seeds that are resistant to the diseases.In another case, DNA was collected from a pawpaw (番木瓜) tree farm in Kenya. With that test, the technology was able to identify diseases affecting Naomi Mumos crops. Naomi Mumo said, “All my pawpaws were affected by a disease, and
30、 I didnt know what kind of disease it was. But now, I have people who have identified the disease using new technology, and within a very short time. So Im very happy.”The speed at which farmers identify diseases can mean the difference between the success or failure on large areas of crop land. Now
31、, the use of such simple and easily transportable DNA sequencing devices is making that possible.体裁：说明文题材：农业技术主题：DNA测定序列仪器能快速发现农田里的病毒【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种DNA测定序列仪器，该仪器能让人们快速发现农田里的病毒，以采取措施防止疾病的传播。【难句分析】If they do not know what is attacking their crops, they cannot decide the best way to fight the di
32、sease.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“If they do not know what is attacking their crops”为if引导的条件状语从句，其中“what is attacking their crops”为宾语从句，作know的宾语。译文：如果他们不知道是什么在攻击他们的作物，他们就不能选定对抗这种疾病的最佳方式。8Whats the main idea of the passage?AFarmers in Tanzania struggle to identify the diseases in their crops.BHow Laura Boykin hel
33、ped Asha Mohamed to identify the viruses.CDNA sequencing device helps farmers to find viruses and identify the diseases in their crops quickly.DA DNA sequencing device helps farmers to identify the diseases and keep healthy.答案与解析：C考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章第一段第二句“Now, some farmers are using a simple device di
34、rectly in the field to find viruses before they spread”为全文的主题句；又结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了DNA测定序列仪器，这能帮助农民发现农田里的病毒，并快速识别疾病，故C项正确。9Which of the following best explains “extracts” underlined in Paragraph 2?AProduces. BCreates.CRefuses. DGets.答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据对第二段的整体理解并结合画线词所在句“The device extracts deoxyribonuclei
35、c acid, better known as DNA, from plants”可知，这种仪器从植物中提取DNA。据此可推知，画线词的含义与D项“得到”最接近。10We can infer from the passage that Naomi Mumo is _ with the DNA sequencing device.Arelaxed BsatisfiedCdisappointed Dannoyed答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第四段最后两句Naomi Mumo所说的话“But now, I have people who have identified the disease u
36、sing new technology, and within a very short time. So Im very happy”可知，Naomi Mumo认为DNA测定序列仪器可以在很短的时间内识别疾病，所以他感到很高兴；据此可推知，他对这种仪器很满意，故B项正确。11Which of the following can not be learned from the text?AFarmers often have difficulty in identifying diseases in their crops quickly by themselves.BDNA carries
37、genetic information in nearly all living things.CBoth Asha Mohamed and Naomi Mumo are farmers in Tanzania.DIf farmers can identify diseases in their crops quickly, they can protect their crops and succeed on large areas of crop land.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句中的“a Tanzanian farm owned by Asha Mohamed”可知，
38、Asha Mohamed是坦桑尼亚的农民；根据第四段中的“a pawpaw (番木瓜) tree farm in Kenya. With that test, the technology was able to identify diseases affecting Naomi Mumos crops”可知，Naomi Mumo是肯尼亚的农民。由此可知C项与文意不符，故选C项。D2019兰州模拟The effect of climate change extends beyond ruining Earths environment and our physical safety. A re
39、port published this week suggests that climate change has a negative effect on our mental health, too.The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), links an increase in monthly temperatures to a rise in mental health issue
40、s. The experimental evidence stems from meteorological (气象学的) data paired with information collected from nearly 2 million randomly sampled residents in the United States. The data was collected over the span (跨度) of a decade.“We find that experiences with hotter temperatures and added rainfall each
41、 worsen mental health, that longlasting warming associates with an increased popularity of mental health issues, and that exposure to tropical cyclones (热带气旋), likely to increase in frequency in the future, is linked to worsened mental health，” authors of the study stated. “These results provide add
42、ed largescale evidence to the growing link between climate change and mental health.”The report specifically focused on mental health outcomes due to the effects of environmental stress such as temperature, rainfall, and tropical cyclones but other climate changerelated issues are likely to affect m
43、ental health as well specifically, the stress and anxiety of knowing natural disasters could be more frequent as temperatures rise.体裁：说明文题材：人与自然主题：气候变化对人的精神健康的影响【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，气候变化不仅影响环境和人的身体安全，还会对人的精神健康有不良影响。【难句分析】A report published this week suggests that climate change has a negative effect
44、on our mental health, too.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“that climate change has a negative effect on our mental health, too”为that引导的宾语从句，作suggests的宾语；published this week为过去分词短语，作名词A report的后置定语。译文：本周发表的一份报告表明，气候变化对我们的精神健康也有负面影响。12From the newlypublished report, we learn that the climate change may _.Asave a lot of
45、 peoples livesBcause unbelievable disastersCinfluence peoples mental healthDgreatly change peoples life styles答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“A report published this week suggests that climate change has a negative effect on our mental health, too”可知，气候变化对我们的精神健康也有负面影响，故C项正确。13Why did the author mention “the
46、 span of a decade” in Paragraph 2?ATo stress the importance of the study.BTo show that the study cost too much money.CTo explain the difficulties and hardships of the study.DTo indicate that the study is objective and believable.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第二段第二、三句“The experimental evidence stems from meteorolo
47、gical (气象学的) data paired with information collected from nearly 2 million randomly sampled residents in the United States. The data was collected over the span (跨度) of a decade”可知，实验证据源于气象数据和从美国近200万个居民的随机抽样收集的信息，时间跨度为十年；据此可推知，该处提及“the span of a decade”旨在表明该研究客观而可信，故D项正确。14Where can we find some spe
48、cific results of the study?AIn Paragraph 1. BIn Paragraph 2.CIn Paragraph 3. DIn Paragraph 4.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段，尤其是该段第二句“These results provide added largescale evidence to the growing link between climate change and mental health”可知，这些结果为气候变化与精神健康之间日益增长的联系提供了额外的大规模证据。据此可知，第三段介绍了一些具体的研究结果，故C项正确。15Wh
49、at can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe study has its limits.BThe results of the study arent satisfactory.CThe environmental problems cant be solved.DMental health is determined by climate change.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据尾段中的“but other climate changerelated issues are likely to affect mental health as w
50、ell specifically, the stress and anxiety of knowing natural disasters could be more frequent as temperatures rise”可知，其他与气候变化相关的问题也可能影响精神健康。据此可推知，该研究有其局限性，故A项正确。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019大连高三一模In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers fou
51、nd that super memorizers dont have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information. _1_. Here are a few of their favorite tricks that can help you to remember things in your everyday life.To Remember：New wordsTechnique：Change routineIn a study, a group of students stud
52、ied a list of words in two separate sessions. Some studied in a messy room and some in a neat space. One group of students spent both sessions in the same room, while the other split the sessions between the two environments. During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much
53、 more. _2_. That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc.To Remember：Your PINTechnique：Count it outYou could use your biahday, or your phone number, but identity thieves have a way of figuring those numbers out. _3_. Write a fourword sentence, then count
54、the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN”4223.To Remember：FacesTechnique：Focus on nosesWhile some super memorizers specialize in associating names with faces, the memory palace technique doesnt work as well if the image of the face is changed in any way. Rather than focusing
55、 on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a persons nose. _4_.To Remember：Facts & figuresTechnique：_5_To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one. If your exam is in a week, s
56、tudy today and then again in a day or two. If its a month away, study today and then wait a week before your second session.AValue examsBGive yourself timeCThis allows you to take in their whole faceDTheir brain structures are in fact the same as oursEInstead, try this tip from Dominic OBrien, an ei
57、ghttime World Memory ChampionFThe theory is that your brain links the words to the environment around youGStudies showed that varying other aspects of your environment can also help体裁：说明文题材：社会生活主题：记忆技巧【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个有助于记忆的技巧。1答案与解析：D根据上文中的“super memorizers dont have unusually large brain regi
58、ons”可知，那些记忆达人并没有非常大的脑区域，他们的大脑结构实际上和我们的一样，故选D项。2答案与解析：G承接上文“During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more”，并与空后一句“That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc”呼应可知，其他环境变化的方面对记忆也是有帮助的，这与本段介绍的技巧Change routine吻合，故选G项。3答案与解析：E
59、根据空前一句“You could use. figuring those numbers out”和空处下文的内容可知，空处推荐了一种不同的方法，这与第一段中效仿记忆达人的有效记忆策略呼应，故选E项。4答案与解析：C根据本段的记忆主题Faces和空前一句“Rather than focusing on eyes. a persons nose”可知，通过集中注意力于一个人的鼻子可以让你记住一个人的整个面孔，故选C项。5答案与解析：B根据该段第一句“To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one”，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，本段推荐的记忆技巧是给自己时间，故选B项。
