1、Section Using language1.replace v代替，把放回原处Can anything replace a mothers love and care?有什么东西能代替母亲的爱和关心吗？The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.这家工厂用机器人代替了大部分工人。He replaced the book on the shelf.他把那本书放回了架子上。 归纳探究replace A with/by B 用B替换Abe replaced by 被取代/代替名师指津“代替”的其他表达法：instead of 代替in
2、 place of 顶替，代替take sb.s/sth.s placetake the place of sb./sth. 代替，替换某人/某物 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The house which I grew up in has been taken down (拆除) and replaced _ an office building whose walls are yellow.Sending emails has almost taken the place _ writing letters.李老师生病了，所以我会代替他给你们上课。Mr Lee is ill, so Il
3、l give you lessons _ him.2.narrow adj.狭窄的，狭隘的，不宽的The bridge is too narrow for the cars to pass.这座桥太窄了，汽车无法通过。A narrowminded person is not popular with friends.小心眼的人是不受朋友欢迎的。He was narrowly hit by a bus when he was turning to the left.向左转弯时，他险些被一辆公共汽车撞到。We need to try and narrow the health divide bet
4、ween rich and poor.我们需要设法缩小穷人和富人之间的健康差距。 归纳探究(1)a narrow escape 死里逃生a narrow victory 险胜(2)narrowly adv. 勉强地(3)narrow v. 变窄，(使)缩小 联想拓展narrow the gap缩小差距in the narrow sense在狭义上即学即练判断下列句子中narrow的词性及含义/完成句子Some narrow streets have been broadened, so there are fewer traffic jams._Our school football team
5、 had a narrow victory against that team._The economic gap between the north and south of the country is beginning to narrow_Parents and children should communicate more to _ (缩小代沟) between them so that they can understand each other better.Last year I had _ (死里逃生) from a car crash, and I dont want t
6、o risk my life a second time.3.check out 核实，退房离开Maybe we ought to go to the library and check it out.或许我们应该去趟图书馆，查个明白。I was very disappointed to miss Bryan, who had just checked out.我非常失望没有见着Bryan，他刚退房走了。名师指津check in 登记入住 即学即练完成句子请核实一下这些名字和号码好吗？Would you _ and numbers, please?这是你的房间钥匙，你应该在12点前结账离开。H
7、eres your room key and you should _ before 12：00.4.(教材P89)The cold weather makes it difficult for us to grow enough vegetables and fruit.寒冷的天气使我们很难种植足够的蔬菜和水果。 句式解构此句型为：makeitadj./n.(for sb./sth.) to doit是形式宾语，后面的不定式短语是真正的宾语，it后的形容词或名词作宾补，for用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。“vt.it宾补真正的宾语”可以总结为“6123结构”：6指六个常用动词：make, thi
8、nk, believe, find, consider, feel；1指形式宾语it；2指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词；3指真正宾语的三种形式：不定式、动名词、that从句。 即学即练单句语法填空I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired. I find it hard _ (stop)!In his introduction, he made it clear _ our credits would be hardearned.Susan made _ clear to me that she wanted to be in harmony
9、with her new colleagues.I find it no use _ (argue) with such a person.识记下列短语和单词短语：be located in/at/on位于an expert at/on/in (doing) sth.在某方面的专家care for the environment爱护环境a top priority当务之急remind sb. of sth.提醒某人off the coast of距离的海岸附近separate.from.把和分开sound like听起来像派生词：consume v消耗，消费；吃，喝consumer n消费者；
10、顾客；用户consume v消耗，耗费consumption n消费；消耗；消耗量priority n优先处理的事，当务之急prioritize v按重要性排列；划分优先顺序；优先处理，优先考虑beauty n美，美丽；美人；美好的东西beautiful adj.美丽的，美好的，出色的beautifully adv.美好地；美妙地；漂亮地；令人满意地structure n结构，构造，组织structural adj.结构上的；构造上的structurally adv.在结构上“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句一、语法现象感知He paid the boy $10 for washing ten w
11、indows, most of which hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn.This is the hero (that/who/whom) we are proud of.He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.This is the newlybuilt house, the windows of which (whose w
12、indows) face the south.二、语法规则理解1当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。介词后移，关系代词which或whom可省略。2“复合介词短语关系代词which”引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句有时应用倒装语序。3“名词/代词/数词介词of关系代词”引导的定语从句是非限制性定语从句，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。一、关系代词的确定 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常可以用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词which”。若表示“的”时，用whose。who和that不能用于
13、此结构，但介词后置时可以使用。二、介词的选取一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：先行词的意义；从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；句子的意思。Do you know the man to whom our teacher is talking?你认识正和我们老师谈话的那个男人吗？Ill never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记孩童时代我在乡村度过的时光。三、“介词关系代词”的特殊用法1表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。在some，any, few, no
14、ne, all, both, neither, most, each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members.约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。2有时“介词where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。His head soon appeared out of the window, from where he saw nothing but trees.他的头
15、很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)3在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after，look for等。4“of which/whom”有时可以用“whose名词”结构来改写。5当先行词为way并且定语从句中缺少状语时，通常用in which或that引导定语从句(in which或that可省略)；如果定语从句中不缺少状语，则用关系代词引导(that或which作宾语时可省略)。.单句语法填空1The professor
16、 will continue in his present job until a _ (replace) can be found.2The structure of this building shows a typical kind of classic _ (beautiful).3Living without an aim is like _ (sail) without a compass.4All the _ (material) are on site so that the work can start immediately.5Currently, more farms a
17、re selling direct to _ (consumer).6Weve found living _ (organ) after the big fire.7The structure of the _ (observe) is complex.8It was _ (thunder) outside and then it rained cats and dogs.9They are hoping to discover _ (live) organisms in the soil.10We are confident that we have no language and cult
18、ural _ (barrier) with the exchange students.11The factory determined to replace most of its workers _ robots.12She _ (narrow) escaped injury in the annual mountain climbing.语法专练单句语法填空1He was educated at a local grammar school, _ which he went on to Cambridge.2Gun control is a subject _ which America
19、ns have argued for a long time.3Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ which we may return in the near future.4The English play _ which my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.5The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ which the sailing time was 226 da
20、ys.6Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ which people were eaten by the tiger.7She showed the visitors around the museum, _ which the construction had taken more than three years.8The place _ which the bridge is supposed to be built shou
21、ld be _ the crossriver traffic is the heaviest.Section Using language要点精研探究学习1with/byofin place of/instead of2adj. 狭窄的adj. 勉强的v. 缩小narrow the gapa narrow escape3check out these namescheck out4to stopthatitarguing课时达标随堂自测.单句语法填空1replacement2.beauty3.sailing4.materials5consumers6.organism7.observatory8.thundering9living10.barriers11.with12.narrowly.语法专练单句语法填空1after2.about3.to4.in5.of6.in7.of8at; where
