1、Module 6 Animals in Danger. 阅读理解A(2020陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the “Nobel Prize” of conservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction.Professor Carl Jones won the 2016 Indianapolis Pr
2、izethe highest accolade in the field of animal conservationfor his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he saved an endangered kestrel (红隼) from becoming the next Great Auk.When the 65yearold first travelled to the east African island in the 1970s, he was told to close down a project to save the Mau
3、ritius kestrel. At the time there were just four left in the wild, making it the rarest bird on Earth. However, he stayed, using the techniques of captive breeding (人工繁殖), which involved snatching eggs from the birds nests and hatching them under incubators (孵化器), prompting the mothers to lay anothe
4、r set of eggs in the wild.A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild. The biologist has also made an effort to bring other rare species back from the edge of extinction, including the pink pigeon, echo parakeet and Rodrigues war
5、bler.Prof Jones was awarded the $250,000 prize at a ceremony in London.“As a young man in my 20s, I certainly didnt enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received.” Reflecting on the start of his career, he said the Mauritius kestrel project had been seen as a “dead loss” at the time.
6、In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild.Prof Jones has devoted his whole life to his work, only becoming a father for the first time at 53. He said receiving the prize wa
7、s particularly important to him, because it proved that his work to save birds was right.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。卡尔琼斯教授曾因偷稀缺鸟类的蛋而被指责，然而，他后来在保护动物领域被授予“诺贝尔奖”，他用自己的方法挽救了九种濒危物种。1What does the underlined word “accolade” mean in Paragraph 2?AReturn. BLevel.CHonor. DResearch.答案：C词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“won the 2016 Indianapol
8、is Prize”并结合语境可推知，画线词意为“荣誉”。2According to the passage, Great Auk is .Aan endangered bird Ban extinct birdCa popular bird Da fierce bird答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“he saved an endangered kestrel (红隼) from becoming the next Great Auk”可推知，Great Auk是一种已灭绝的鸟。3What can we know from the figures in Paragraph 4?ATakin
9、g eggs from the nests has worked well.BThe wild environment for kestrels has changed a lot.CThe kestrel has adapted to the life in the wild.DIts difficult to protect kestrel.答案：A推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句以及第四段第一句“A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around
10、 400 in the wild.”可知，当时野生毛里求斯红隼只剩4只，琼斯教授采用人工繁殖的方法来救助毛里求斯红隼。10年后，毛里求斯红隼的数量飙升到300多只，如今野生红隼约有400只。由此可推知，从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋进行人工繁殖的方法效果很好。4Prof Jones idea of taking eggs from the birds nests .Awas proved of no useBwas widely acceptedCwas promoted officiallyDwas criticized by some people答案：D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“. the te
11、nsion of the criticism I received .”“dead loss” “In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques . in the wild.”可知，琼斯教授从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋来进行人工繁殖的方法受到了一些人的批评。B(2020陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi. However, their lives were
12、 turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (乳齿象)Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and their cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric bone in a piece of earth that was recently plowed. “I thought it was a log，” Caid said. “I tried to pick it up and it was really heavy and I
13、 saw teeth on it.” The bone weighed about 50 pounds. They eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their bathtub, but it took their collective strength, might and a golf cart, to carry the large Mastodon bone.“They didnt expect to find that，” Michaels mom said. “Now they believe that t
14、hey will be more aware of their surroundings and what theyre digging up when they are digging and playing.”“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and thats what I thought it was，” the brothers mother said. “This is our first set of teeth weve found. So we thoug
15、ht it was their imagination. We were quite surprised to see that it was not their imagination.”They were exploring near the brothers home. Its surprising that they saw what they thought resembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleontology (古生物学) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George
16、 Phillips, who first identified the bone as a “very mature individual”The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and trunks, like elephants. They were clearly different from their modern day counterparts, as well as woolly mammoths (猛犸)篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。美国密西西比州
17、的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸；他们发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定的促进作用。5How did they find the jawbone of a Mastodon?AWith great efforts. BBy chance.CInstructed by an expert. DThrough imagination.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段“Three boys were enjoying themselves . discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (乳齿象)”可知，他们是在玩耍的时候
18、无意中发现乳齿象的下颌骨的。6At first the brothers mother thought the jawbone was .Afrom people who died in the Civil WarBthe bone from a very mature individualClike a log or somethingDthe prehistoric bone答案：A推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics . what I thought it was”可
19、知，他们之前曾经发现过一些石化的木材以及内战时的遗物。由此可推知，他们的母亲认为他们发现的这块下颌骨是在内战中死亡的人的。7The discovery of the jawbone of a Mastodon is important mainly because it .Ahelps people to know more about the Civil WarBteaches kids to be more aware of their surroundingsCpromotes the research on more prehistoric creaturesDattracts the
20、 Mississippi Museum of Natural Science答案：C推理判断题。最后一段指出Mastodon是生活于史前时期的古生物，因此，乳齿象下颌骨的发现可以促进对史前生物的研究。8Which of the following can be the best title for the article?APrehistoric Bones Recently Found in MississippiBNot Petrified Wood nor Civil War RelicsCFirst Identifying Bone as a “Very Mature Individu
21、al”DUnexpectedly Discovering Mastodon Jawbone答案：D标题判断题。根据第一段并结合文章其他内容可知，美国密西西比州的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸，他们发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定的促进作用，故D项最适合作文章标题。.七选五Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 1 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more
22、 than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 2 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility (生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effe
23、ct on the heart and the blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. 3 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good
24、 example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men. 4 Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency (倾向) to age more slowly than a mans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age
25、 more quickly. 5 AHowever, women, on average, live longer.BThe biological factor plays an important part.CWomen are also helped by their female genes.DThe female hormones also protect the body in another way.ERecent research seems to support both of these possibilities.FTherefore, women are more hea
26、lthy than men and can live a better life.GHormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了女性比男性长寿的原因在于女性荷尔蒙以及女性基因都起着重要作用。1A上句和本句为转折关系。上句提到：现如今在工业化国家，男性和女性的寿命都更长了。本句应为：然而，平均来说，女性寿命更长些。下句具体阐述：一般来讲，预计女性比男性多活六、七年。故A项正确。2G上句中提到“hormones”，下文列举了荷尔蒙
27、的作用，因此在考虑选项时应从词语复现的角度考虑。G项中的“Hormones”属于词语复现，故为正确选项。3D通过浏览本段内容并结合 “They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.”可知，本段主要讲述女性荷尔蒙还以另外一种方式保护其身体。故D项正确。4C根据下文可知，尽管科学家们仍不确定女性基因是怎样影响衰老过程的，但他们认为基因对衰老过程确实有影响。本段强调的是女性基因的作用，只有C项与此相关。5E本段中提到了 “Some think that a womans body cells have a tend
28、ency (倾向) to age more slowly than a mans.”和 “Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.”这两种观点，因此空格处应是：最新的研究似乎支持这两种可能性。故E项正确。.语法填空(2019全国卷)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88，
29、 there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,00025,000 polar bears worldwi
30、de.Modern methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that po
31、pulations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 10 (be)
32、 stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.1 2. 3. 4. 5 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。1that考查同位语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。2poorly考查词性转换。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。3of/for考查介词。a method of/for doing sth. “做某事的方法”。4to per
33、form考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语beadj.不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。5have reported考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语“in recent years”可判断用现在完成时。6belief考查词性转换。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief。7noting考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth. “通过做某事回应”。8higher考查形容词的比较级。根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。9the考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词th
34、e。10are考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代six polar bear subpopulations，谓语动词应用复数。.书面表达假定你是李华，你的外国朋友David要来中国观看大熊猫，写信向你咨询保护大熊猫的一些情况，请你写封回信，内容如下：1大熊猫被称为中国的“国宝”。然而，由于种种原因，熊猫大量地死亡，所以它们的数量也急剧下降。2目前，人们已经在四川省建成了一所叫做“熊猫之家”的自然公园。由于受到良好的保护，近些年来，熊猫的数量逐年增长。我们希望在将来，可以让它们重返自然。注意：1.词数120左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已
35、给出，不计入总词数。Dear David，Im glad to receive your letter.Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear David，Im glad to receive your letter.Thank you for your concern about the giant panda.Now Id like to tell you something about it.The giant panda is known as the national treasure of China. However, for some reasons, too many of
36、 them have been dead. So the number of them is falling quickly.At present people are taking effective measures to save pandas. People have set up a nature park for them in Sichuan Province, which is called “Pandas Home”. There pandas can enjoy their life happily. There is a bamboo forest near the Pa
37、ndas Home. So the pandas can find bamboo easily which they like to eat very much. Because pandas are well protected now, the number of them is increasing every year. We hope that one day we will have enough pandas to set them free and let them live in the wild again.As far as Im concerned, pandas are good friends of man. Man should try to protect them and let them live in the way they like!Yours，Li Hua
