1、2022届北京市昌平区实验学校高三上学期英语学科10月月考英语试题第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My tenth Christmas was one I was not looking forward to. Money was tight. Mom said we were old enough not to count on _1_ .Just being together would be enough.We werent the
2、 only family in our small community who would have a simple Christmas. But the knowledge that others were going through the same thing didnt _2_ much.One night we had a small pity party for each other.“How can I even wear that same old dress one more time?” I complained .“ I know,” said my sister. “
3、I think I might as well give up asking for a _3_.The next day, Mom told us that she had been saving up and shopping around so that we could give the Walters family a Christmas basket.“If anyone needs some cheer, its the Walters.” Mom reminded us.The Walters! They were the strangest people we knew. H
4、ow could Mom be so _4_ with them when our own family didnt have enough?Mom was determined. She packed flour and sugar, a small turkey, some fruits in a basket and asked us to _5_ it to the Walters.I really didnt like to have anything to do with them. Not wanting to be recognized, we left the basket
5、on the doorstep and hid behind a nearby bush.Seeing the Walters gather up their basket I asked in whisper, Did they look happy?“Well, yeah, happy, but mostly they looked like they were thinking, Maybe we do belong.” Christmas morning arrived.To my great _6_,I received a fabulous-looking dress. I cou
6、ldnt believe its for me.I was about to speak when we noticed Dad ride up atop a new horse.My sister screamed and ran out. She couldnt wait to meet her “gift”.“Mom, how did you do all this?”I asked.“We were _7_ for a no-present Christmas.” “Oh, not necessarily _8_ but just helping each other . Mrs. O
7、lsen at the dress shop let me bring your gift home. Dad offered to hang up Mrs. Marshalls tree lights. Mr. Jones had a horse and he was happy to know we had someone to love it.”I thought since you were giving away food to the Walters, we would never have enough. They really dont have anything to giv
8、e in return.”“We are like a big family. Never _9_ who can or who cant give. The most important is that we should listen to our hearts. Perhaps the right gifts will end up with the right families.Mom always knew _10_.Thinking about the expression on the Walterss faces when they discovered the Christm
9、as basket, I realized their “belonging feeling was more precious than any of the gifts.That was the Christmas that I learned about the magic of giving.1. A. gamesB. partiesC. giftsD. trips2. A. judgeB. helpC. coverD. pay3. A. treeB. lightC. dressD. horse4. A. patientB. strictC. generousD. popular5.
10、A. deliverB. awardC. showD. lend6. A. reliefB. alarmC. fearD. surprise7. A. readyB. eagerC. knownD. responsible8. A. checkingB. tradingC. hesitatingD. quarreling9. A. teaseB. forgetC. mindD. ignore10. A. truthB. dutyC. dreamsD. choices【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A【解析】【分析】本文是
11、一篇记叙文。在即将到来的圣诞节，因为钱紧张，作者和家人都做好了没有礼物的准备，可是妈妈还是坚持让家人把打包的面粉和糖，一只小火鸡，一篮子水果送给 Walters 一家，意想不到的是作者和姐姐在圣诞节都得到了梦寐以求的礼物，这使作者懂得了给予的魅力。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈说我们岁数大了别指望着礼物了。A. games游戏；B. parties聚会；C. gifts礼物；D. trips旅行；根据常识和后文“We were 7for a no-present Christmas.”可知，因为过圣诞节，所以此处指的是礼物。故选C。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但得知其他人也经
12、历的同样的事情并没有太大的帮助。A. judge判断；B. help帮助；C. cover 覆盖；D. pay支付；根据前一句“We werent the only family in our small community who would have a simple Christmas. ”可知，在这个小社区里，作者一家并不是唯一一个过简单圣诞节的家庭；由此可知，得知他人也经历的同样的事情对没有圣诞礼物的现实，并没有太大的帮助。故选B。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我知道，”我姐姐说。“我想我还是放弃要一匹马为好。”A. tree树；B. light光；C. dress衣服；D.
13、 horse马；根据后文“I was about to speak when we noticed Dad ride up atop a new horse.”可知，此处指姐姐认为还是放弃要匹新马为好。故选D。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们家的钱都不够，妈妈怎么能对他们这么慷慨呢? A. patient耐心的；B. strict 严格的；C. generous慷慨的；D. popular 受欢迎的；根据前文“The next day, Mom told us that she had been saving up and shopping around so that we cou
14、ld give the Walters family a Christmas basket.”和后文“when our own family didnt have enough”可知，作者家捉襟见肘，所以作者对妈妈的慷慨感到不解。故选C。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把面粉、糖、一只小火鸡、一些水果装在篮子里，让我们送到Walters家。A. deliver 递送；B. award奖赏；C. show展示；D. lend借；根据前文“we could give the Walters family a Christmas basket.”可知，因为妈妈决定给Walters家一个圣诞篮，
15、所以此处需用动词deliver，表示把装有物品的圣诞篮送到Walters家。故选A。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：使我感到吃惊的是，我收到了一件非常漂亮的裙子。A. relief安慰；B. alarm警报；C. fear恐惧；D. surprise吃惊；根据后文“I couldnt believe its for me.”可知，作者对于自己收到一件裙子感到惊讶。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：我们本为准备过一个没有礼物的圣诞节。A. ready准备好的；B. eager急切的；C. known出名的；D. responsible负责的；根据第一段“Money was
16、tight. ”可知，因为拮据，所以作者和家人本准备过一个没有礼物的圣诞节。故选A。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哦，不一定是交易，只是互相帮助而已。A. checking检查；B. trading做生意；C. hesitating犹豫；D. quarreling争吵；根据后文“Mrs. Olsen at the dress shop let me bring your gift home. Dad offered to hang up Mrs. Marshalls tree lights.”可知，大家彼此之间是互相帮助，故选B。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从来不介意谁能或谁不能
17、给予。A. tease 取笑；B. forget忘记；C. mind介意；D. ignore忽视；根据前文“Wearelikeabigfamily.”可知我们就像一个大家庭，从来不介意谁能或谁不能给予。故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈一直知道真相。A. truth真相；B. duty责任；C. dreams梦想；D. choices选择；根据前文“The most important is that we should listen to our hearts. Perhaps the right gifts will end up with the right famili
18、es.( 最重要的是，我们应该倾听我们的心。也许合适的礼物最终会送到合适的家庭。)”可知，作者的妈妈总是懂得生活的真相。故选A。第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分，共 15分)A阅读短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。I met up with the lovely Australian gentleman again on my walk this morning. _11_ (actual), I see him almost every morning. When I first saw him _1
19、2_ (month) ago, he walked by me quickly and didnt look at me at all. He is not good at Chinese and I figure thats why he might have been anxious about _13_ (make) eye contact.【答案】11. Actually 12. months 13. making【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和一位澳大利亚人从不认识到互相打招呼的经历。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，我几乎每天早上都能见到他。分析句子结构可知，空
20、处需用副词actually作状语修饰空后整个句子，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Actually。【12题详解】考查名词的数。句意：几个月前我第一次见到他时，他从我身边匆匆走过，根本没看我一眼。month为可数名词，其前面没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。此处months ago表示“几个月前”。故填months。【13题详解】考查动名词。句意：他的中文不好，我想这就是他为什么对眼神交流感到焦虑的原因。be anxious about doing sth.(担心做某事)，固定搭配，此处介词about后需接动名词作宾语。故填making。B阅读短文，根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的
21、单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。I dont know any Australian so I would always just walk by with no contact as well. Then one day, I stopped _14_ (say) Nihao! to him and smiled at him. He looked at me and with the _15_ (big) smile I had ever seen, he shyly said, Nihao! He, _16_ was polite and friendly, lo
22、oked like a different person. We made contact! After that, when we _17_ (run)into each other, we exchanged Nihao.【答案】14. to say 15. biggest 16. who 17. ran【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者和一位澳大利亚人从不认识到互相打招呼的经历。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后有一天，我停下来对他说“你好”，并对他微笑。根据句意，此处应是短语stop to do “停下来做”，用不定式作宾语。故填to say。【15题详解】考查形容词最
23、高级。句意：他看着我，带着我曾见过的最灿烂的笑容，害羞地说:“你好!”。根据I have ever seen”可知，big应用形容词最高级形式，表示“同类事中最的。故填biggest。【16题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他彬彬有礼，态度友好，看上去完全是另一个人了。分析句子结构，“was polite and friendly是非限制性定语从句，先行词是he, 指人，应用关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。【17题详解】考查时态。句意：在那之后，当我们遇到对方时，我们互相打招呼“你好”。根据空后谓语动词exchanged可知，句子叙述的是过去的情况，应该用一般过去时，run是不规则变
24、化动词，过去式为ran。故填ran。C阅读短文，根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。This morning I saw him just from a distance and I tried waving _18_ him since we were too far away to say Nihao. Well, he was so happy when he saw me waving and he walked up to me in excitement.I saw his bright smile.In _
25、19_ (break) Chinese, he asked me whether I could teach him Chinese and said that Chinese is indeed a beautiful, broad and profound language. I agreed. This surely made our happy morning and I bet he smiled all _20_ way to the bus stop!【答案】18. at#to 19. broken 20. the【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和一位澳大利亚人从不
26、认识到互相打招呼的经历。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：今天早上我只是从远处看到他，我试着向他挥手，因为我们太远了，说不出“你好”。固定短语wave to/at sb.“向某人挥手”。故填at或to。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：他用蹩脚的中文问我能不能教他中文，说中文的确是一门美丽博大精深的语言。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词，作定语，修饰空后的名词Chinese，break对应的形容词为broken“蹩脚的，不流利的”。故填broken。【20题详解】考查冠词和固定短语。句意：这让我们的早上非常开心，我敢打赌他一路都在笑着去车站。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语all the way“一路上
27、，一直”。故填the。第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，38 分)第一节(共 14小题;每小题 2分，共 28 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWant to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA). Whatever stage of life youre at, wherev
28、er you go and whatever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective
29、 running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure c
30、hallenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:Cou
31、ntrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul. 1 Aug.20 Jun. 7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul. 20 Aug.19 Jun. 6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul. 16 Aug.18 Jun. 5 Aug.South Africa2 Aug. 29 Aug.15 Jun. 2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All
32、 our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:www.glodeve.orgEmail:hum
33、anresourcesglodeve.org21. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A. To seek local partners.B. To take in young volunteers.C. To carry out programmes.D. To foster cultural awareness.22. The programme beginning in August will operate in _.A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. South Africa23. The
34、 shared goal of GDAs projects to _.A. explore new culturesB. protect the environmentC. gain corporate benefitD. help communities in need【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告。Global Development Association(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主
35、要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase .,or help to project.You might also design.可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个South Africa 2 Aug29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案
36、选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.和倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。BAlice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her busine
37、ss AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids teeth, instead of destroying them.It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded
38、 her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why cant I make a healthy candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own can
39、dy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.With her dads permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to
40、 learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket
41、 owner, who finally agreed to sell Moores productCanCandy.As CanCandys success grows, so does Moores credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and shes also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a
42、 broad smile.Meanwhile, with her parents help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasnt driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandys profits
43、 to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.24. How did Moore react to her dads warning?A. She argued with him.B. She tried to find a way out.C. She paid no attention.D. She chose to consult dentists.25. What is special about CanCandy
44、?A. It is beneficial to dental health.B. It is free of sweeteners.C. It is sweeter than other candies.D. It is produced to a dentists recipe.26. What does Moore expect from her business?A. To earn more money.B. To help others find smiles.C. To make herself stand out.D. To beat other candy companies.
45、27. What can we learn from Alice Moores story?A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.C. Positive thinking and action result in success.D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied【答案】24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者
46、的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why cant I make a healthy candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it?”及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路，解决问题。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根
47、据第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.可知，Moore想用她独特的才能帮助其他人找到自己的笑容。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述
48、了Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。CThe problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the seve
49、rity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, its too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near fu
50、ture, its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely availab
51、le for anyone to use. At this years I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robo
52、calls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out in
53、dividually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mothers name, and card number. Scammers
54、 follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers a
55、nd consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communicationsusing app
56、s like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.28. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls?A. Panicked.B. Confused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappointed.2
57、9. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can _.A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easilyC. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread information widely30. What does the passage imply?A. Honesty is the best policy.B. Technologies can be double-edged.C. There are more solutions than pro
58、blems.D. Credibility holds the key to development.31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of RobocallsC. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of T
59、echnology【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting t
60、hrough. Unfortunately, its too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。
61、【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out
62、individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mothers name, and card number.可知，机器人通
63、话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句At this years I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was
64、able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。【31题详解】主旨大意题。第一段提到：robocalls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机
65、屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。DBy the end of the century if not sooner, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, accordin
66、g to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and conce
67、ntration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When thes
68、e organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight a
69、nd carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would
70、occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocea
71、n changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could
72、affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “Itll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz sa
73、id, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”32 What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C. The way light reflects off mar
74、ine organisms.D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.33. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnoticeable.34. What can we learn from the passage?A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem
75、.B. Dutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.C Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.35. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B. To analyse the composition of
76、 the ocean food chain.C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象的原因是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，现在浮游植物受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，让浮游植物的生长更加旺盛，所以海洋相应会变得更蓝、
77、更绿。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段By the end of the century, if not sooner, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第二段At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplan
78、kton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮
79、游植物浓度。由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。故选B。【33题详解】猜测词义题。根据划线词后的Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，也就是很敏感。故A项正确。【34题详解
80、】推理判断题。根据第四段The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.可知，Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北
81、极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了。由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。故D项正确。【35题详解】主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨By the end of the century, if not sooner, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，接下来详细讲述
82、了原因。故C项正确。第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you remember those times when your mother told you to avoid talking to strangers? But now youre not a child anymore. In fact, there are many advantages of talking to strangers.You can meet a really great person.Talking
83、to a stranger is a good habit because you never know whom you may meet. _36_ You can also meet someone who will give you a chance to get your dream job._37_You have some opinion about different subjects and you know your friends and relatives points of view about them, too. But there are millions of
84、 other people who think differently and can give you unpredictable yet smart ideas that will broaden your horizons.You can improve your social skills._38_ Asking appropriate questions and attentive listening are two skills that many of us dont have. You can better these skills when talking to a stra
85、nger.You can offer someone comfort.The thing youll definitely like about talking to strangers is that you can make someones day better. _39_ Praise people and they will think something pleasant about you. Having a sweet short dialogue is one of those perfect chances to make people cheerful.You can f
86、ind the solutions you didnt know about.Talking to someone you dont know is all about finding out something you didnt know. You may have some problems that you cant solve for a long time. However, someone you suddenly meet can figure out the right solution you didnt even think about before. _40_A. It
87、 may be a help you needed to get a long time ago.B. You can expand your world view.C. You can meet a person who will become your best friend in future.D. Smile and people will smile in return.E. Whatever social skills you have, you can make them better when talking to strangers.F. You shouldnt miss
88、these unexpected chances of meeting people.G. Why not speak to someone until your turn comes?【答案】36. C 37. B 38. E 39. D 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了与陌生人交谈的好处。【36题详解】根据本段标题“You can meet a really great person.（你会遇到一个非常棒的人。）”以及后面的“You can also meet someone who will give you a chance to get your dream
89、job.（你也可以遇到给你机会得到梦想工作的人。）”可知，前面谈论的是遇见一个“很棒”的人。C选项：你可能遇见一个将来与你成为挚友的人，符合语境。故选C。【37题详解】根据“there are millions of other people who think differently and can give you unpredictable yet smart ideas that will broaden your horizons.（有成千上万的人有不同的想法，可以给你不可预测但聪明的想法，将拓宽你的视野。）”可知，本段谈论的是与陌生人交谈可能会给你意想不到的观点，开阔你的视野。作为
90、本段标题，需要指出本段中心内容。B选项：You can expand your world view.（你可以扩展你的世界观。），符合语境。故选B。【38题详解】根据本段标题“You can improve your social skills.（你可以提高你的社交技能）”可知，本段讨论的是“与陌生人交谈对提高社交技能的作用”。E选项：Whatever social skills you have, you can make them better when talking to strangers.（不管你有什么社交能力，你都能通过与陌生人交谈提高这一能力），符合语境。故选E。【39题详解】
91、本段的标题是“You can offer someone comfort.（你可以给别人安慰。）”，因此本段谈论的是，与陌生人交谈可以给他人安慰。D选项：Smile and people will smile in return.（给人微笑，他人也会报之微笑），符合语境。故选D。【40题详解】根据前面的“However, someone you suddenly meet can figure out the right solution you didnt even think about before.（然而，你突然遇到的某个人却能想出你从未想过的正确解决方案。）”可知，一个陌生人可能针对
92、你问题找到一个你从没考虑过的解决方案。A选项：It may be a help you needed to get a long time ago.（这可能是你很早之前就需要的帮助），承接上一句，符合语境。故选A。第三部分:书面表达(共两节，32 分)第一节(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced
93、or almost completely erasedThus，it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends， family members，or classmates rather than holding them backThere is a difference between arguing and fightingArguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to
94、 those concernsYou can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up（激起） angerFighting，however，usually involves personal attacks，raising of voices， and storming outDiscussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your emotional healthIn a study，2.000 peopl
95、e were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days in a rowWhen people had an argument that they considered resolved， they had half the reactivity （情绪反应） of those who avoided an argumentReactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease in positive emotionsIn other words，
96、resolving an argument cuts your negative feelings by halfOne day later， people who had a resolved argument reported no increase of negative emotions compared with those who avoided an argument This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolutionand you are less
97、likely to be annoyedMoreover，the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argumentThis may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined prioritiesYou are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does notIt is easier to avoid a discussion，b
98、ut risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome41. According to this passage，what is arguing？42. Why is it that“the older you are， the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument”？43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it a
99、nd explain whyResolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry44 In addition to improving emotional health，what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument？ （In about 40 words）【答案】41. Arguing is d
100、iscussing your worries，related feelings and problems with the other party 42. It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life 43. Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting ang
101、ryResolving arguments helps to decrease your reactivity 44. Resolving arguments can also improve peoples logical thinking and resilience, and improve their relationship with each other.（参考答案）【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明，如果争吵得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎完全消除。因此，向你的朋友、家人或同学提出问题可能是值得的，而不是阻止他们。【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“A
102、rguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns”（争论是你和你的对手提出你的担忧，并讨论与这些担忧相关的感受和问题。）可知，争论是提出你的担忧，并讨论与这些担忧相关的感受和问题。故答案为Arguing is discussing your worries，related feelings and problems with the other party【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Moreo
103、ver，the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argumentThis may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined prioritiesYou are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not”（而且，年纪越大，越有可能在争吵后找到解决办法。这可能是因为更多的生活经历通常会导致更明确的优先事项。你更有可能区分什么
104、是重要的，什么是不重要的。）可知，更多的生活经验可以帮助人们更好地确定生活中的优先事项。故答案填It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life【43题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased”（
105、如果争吵得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎）可知，解决争吵可以改善你的情绪健康，因为它增加你的反应，减少你生气的机会。解决争论有助于降低你的反应性，而不是增加你的反应力。故答案为Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angryResolving arguments helps to decrease your reactivity【44题详解】考查开放思维。解决争吵也
106、可以提高人们的逻辑思维能力和应变能力，使得相互之间的关系得到升华。故可能答案版本一为Resolving arguments can also improve peoples logical thinking and resilience, and improve their relationship with each other.第二节(20分)45. 为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同
107、学写一封回信。内容要点如下：1表示理解并给予安慰；2提出建议并说明理由。注意：1词数120左右；2信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；3信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：temper n. 脾气，情绪Hi Worried，Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the moment. Yours,Jamie【答案】Hi Worried， Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is everyone wil
108、l have one of those periods when things seem to be wrong, so you dont have to worry so much. The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret. Here are three useful tips: First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a good way
109、 of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends，as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger .And third, remain optimistic about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your
110、spirits. I hope youll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.Yours，Jamie【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲作文。【详解】内容是用英文写一封回信。写作时注意以下几点：1、仔细阅读有关提示：为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。内容要点如下：1表示理解并给予安慰；2提出建议并说明理由。弄清试题提供的所有信息，
111、明确要点就是主要内容。2、提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。本文写作时可以按照提示的3个方面的内容进行介绍。3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时为主。4.注意写信格式。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: that引导的宾语从句Im sorry to know that youre having such a had time at the moment.定语从句sothat 引导的目的状语从句The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
