1、综合检测(三)Unit 21Human Biology(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1(2013浙江高考)Mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a fulltime job with the company.ApessimisticBtemporaryCprevious Dcautious2Nobody can_his rude behavior，and thats why he has no friend.Aaccustom BunderstandCcover Dto
2、lerate3(2013合肥高二检测)On his returning from work he found his house_.Arobbing BrobbedCstealing Dstolen4He is an independent person.He always_any offer of help.Adeclines BdeniesCrejects Drefuses5(2013宿州高二质检)I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.Agoing on Bgoes onCwent on Dto go on6Traffic regula
3、tions_people from riding bicycles on the sidewalk.Astop BprohibitCprevent Dkeep7(2013湖北八市高二调研)History is the best teacher.It _records the development path of each country and foretells the future to us.AapparentlyBconventionallyCfaithfully Deventually8Imagine what todays life would be like if Alexan
4、der Bell_the telephone more than 130 years ago!Adidnt invent Bwouldnt inventChadnt invented Dwouldnt have invented9There are still many people suffering a lot，and we are to do something to_poverty.Akeep outBwipe outCgive out Drun out10Smoking leaves Sam in poor health.His wife has tried to persuade
5、him to quit smoking，though_.Ain truthBin returnCin particular Din vain11The lucky fans will be picked out_rather than chosen beforehand to perform with the singer during the party.Aby accident Bon earthCat random Don average12Father_all the neighbors to dinner at a nearby restaurant to thank them al
6、l.Asupplied BacceptedCtreated Dserved13It is very clear that TV programs usually_to the tastes of all age groups.Acater BdevoteClead Dappeal14Did Dorice go out last night?Yes，but she_at home.Her little sister needed her care.Amay have stayedBmust have stayedCshould stayDought to have stayed15Every d
7、ay my afterschool_is doing my homework and then watching TV until I go to bed at half past ten.Aroute BroutineCpractice Ddrill.完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)(2013新课标全国卷)I went to a group activity，“Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more _16_ the problems faced by disabled people.We were asked to “_1
8、7_ a disability”for several hours one Sunday.Some members，_18_，chose to use wheelchairs.Others wore soundblocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩)Just sitting in the wheelchair was a _19_ experience.I had never considered before how _20_ it would be to use one.As soon as I sat down，my _21_ made the cha
9、ir begin to roll.Its wheels were not _22_.Then I wondered where to put my _23_.It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into _24_.I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of _25_ for several hours.For disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的)_26_.I
10、tried to find a _27_ position and thought it might be restful，_28_ kind of nice，to be _29_ around for a while.Looking around，I _30_ I would have to handle the thing myself！My hands started to ache as I _31_ the heavy metal wheels.I came to know that controlling the _32_ of the wheelchair was not goi
11、ng to be a(n)_33_ task.My wheelchair experiment was soon _34_.It made a deep impression on me.A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the _35_，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.16A.curious about Baware ofCinterested in Dcareful with17A.cure BadoptCprevent Danaly
12、ze18A.instead BstrangelyCas usual Dlike me19A.learning BworkingCsatisfying Drelaxing20A.convenient BawkwardCboring Dexciting21A.height BforceCskill Dweight22A.locked BrepairedCpowered Dgrasped23A.hands BfeetCkeys Dhandles24A.place BactionCplay Deffect25A.operation BcommunicationCtransportation Dprod
13、uction26A.exploration BeducationCexperiment Dentertainment27A.flexible BsafeCstarting Dcomfortable28A.yet BjustCstill Deven29A.shown BpushedCdriven Dguided30A.realized BsuggestedCagreed Dadmitted31A.lifted BturnedCpressed Dseized32A.path BpositionCdirection Dway33A.easy BheavyCmajor Dextra34A.forgot
14、ten BrepeatedCconducted Dfinished35A.weaknesses BanxietiesCchallenges Dillnesses.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)A(2013辽宁高考)Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone cant make us tired.It sounds absurd.But a few years ago，scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor
15、without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳)To the amazement of these scientists，they discovered that blood passing through the brain，when it is active，shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer，we would find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素)and fatigue products.But if we took bl
16、ood from the brain of an Albert Einstein，it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.So far as the brain is concerned，it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired?Some scientists
17、declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional (情感的) attitudes.One of Englands most outstanding scientists，J.A.Hadfield，says，“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.In fact，fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr.Brill，a famous American
18、scientist，goes even further.He declares，“One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired？Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored，anger，anxiety，tenseness，worry，a feeling of not being apprecia
19、tedthose are the emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.36What surprised the scientists a few years ago?AFatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborers blood.BAlbert Einstein didnt feel worn o
20、ut after a days work.CThe brain could work for many hours without fatigue.DA mental workers blood was filled with fatigue toxins.37According to the author，which of the following can make sitting workers tired?AChallenging mental work.BUnpleasant emotions.CEndless tasks.DPhysical labor.38Whats the au
21、thors attitude towards the scientists ideas?AHe agrees with them.BHe doubts them.CHe argues against them.DHe hesitates to accept them.39We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energetic，sitting workers need to _.Ahave some good foodBenjoy their workCexercise regularlyDdiscover fatigue to
22、xinsBHonk！Squeak!What is that？If youre going through puberty(青春期)，it could be your voice.Both boys and girls experience voice changes as they grow older，but girls voices get only a little deeper.A boys voice，on the other hand，may change quite a bitfrom sounding like a little kid to sounding like som
23、ebodys dad!How does this happen？The larynx，your voice box，actually gets bigger during puberty.One of its jobs is to let you talk，sing，hum，yell，laugh，and make all sorts of noises.When a boy reaches puberty，his body begins making lots of testosterone(睾丸素)，which causes his larynx to grow and his vocal
24、cords(声带)to get longer and thicker.Before puberty，your larynx is pretty small and your vocal cords are kind of small and thin.Thats why your voice is higher than an adults.As you go through puberty，the larynx changes.As your body adjusts to this changing equipment，your voice may “crack” or “break”Bu
25、t this process lasts only a few months.Not only do older guys and men sound different from boys，but you can also see the difference in their necks.When the larynx grows bigger，part of it sticks out inside the neck.You can see it at the front of the throat.This is known as the Adams apple.For girls，t
26、he larynx also grows bigger but not as much as in boys, so you cant see it through a girls skin.Everyones timetable is different，so some kids voices might start to change earlier and some might start a little later.Some voices might drop gradually, while others might drop quickly.If this hasnt happe
27、ned to you yet，dont worry.And if youre going through this now，try not to stress too much about the funny noises you make.It can help to talk to a parent，or a friend whos already gone through the voice change.Before you know it，your voice will sound clear，strong, and more grownup!40Whats the text mai
28、nly about?AFunny noises.BVocal cords.CVoice changes.DThe Adams apple.41An adults voice is lower than a childs because the adult_.Adoesnt reach his pubertyBhas longer and thicker vocal cordsCis going through his pubertyDhas something wrong with his throat42Who has “the Adams apple”？ABoys. BGirls.CMen
29、. DWomen.43What does the writer think of voice changes?ANatural. BFunny.CUnpleasant. DInteresting.CSome obese children and adults who eat excessively (过度地) may be missing a gene for a brain chemical involved in controlling appetite，according to a study. Low levels of the chemical are also linked to
30、longterm memory loss and difficulties in sensing pain.Researchers at the National Institutes of Health examined 33 children and adults with a rare condition in which groups of genes have been deleted. Called WAGR syndrome，the genetic aberration (反常现象) is found in about 250 people in the USA. Half of
31、 the people studied lacked one of two genes, for a brain chemical called brainderived neurotropic factor(BDNF). The ones missing the gene had low blood levels of the chemical. By age 10, all of those missing the gene were obese and reported a strong tendency to overeat. Those who had two working cop
32、ies of the BDNF gene were no more likely to be obese in childhood or to report unusually high levels of overeating than the general population.Scientists suspected that people within the group had abnormalities with the gene, and they believed a larger segment (部分) of the population had the same pro
33、blem.The missing gene may explain why some people cant seem to control their eating or lose weight, says Jack Yanovski, head of the Unit on Growth and Obesity at NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.“We suspect that BDNF has important issues in many pa
34、rts of the brain，including memory and ability to sense pain，” he says.Yanovski says the brain chemical works in combination with other chemicals in the body, including the hormone leptin (瘦蛋白), to regulate appetite and body weight. More research needs to be done so scientists can develop obesity dru
35、gs to treat people who dont make enough BDNF，he says. “BDNF is just a small part of the puzzle explaining why some folks have trouble maintaining a normal weight.” 44BDNF is a kind of chemical which lies in the_.Ablood BhormoneCbrain Ddiet45According to the passage，the role of the BDNF gene is to_.A
36、improve peoples ability of memoryBcontrol peoples desire to eatCmake people become sensitive to painDhelp people lose weight quickly46Scientists study BDNF in order to_.Amake medicine to cure overweight peopleBexplain why people have the sense of hungerCkeep people from suffering from high blood pre
37、ssureDcontrol the activity of brains of overweight people47Whats the main idea of this passage?AMissing genes may hurt appetite control.BOverweight people eat too much junk food.CYour weight is decided by your genes.DOnes appetite leads to ones weight.DChristmas in Australia is often very hot.While
38、the northern hemisphere is in the middle of winter.Australians are baking in summer heat.The temperature usually reaches 30 degrees Celsius.A traditional meal includes a turkey dinner，with ham and pork.A flaming Christmas plum pudding is added for dessert.In the Australian gold rushes，Christmas pudd
39、ings often contained a gold nugget.Today a small favor is baked inside.Whoever finds this knows she/he will enjoy good luck.Another treat is mince pies.Some Australians and particularly tourists often have their Christmas dinner at midday on a local beach.Bondi Beach in Sydneys Eastern Suburbs attra
40、cts thousands of people on Christmas Day.Other families enjoy their day by having a picnic.If they are at home，the day is punctuated by swimming in a pool，playing cricket and other outdoor activities.The warm weather allows Australians to enjoy a tradition which started in 1937.Carols by candlelight
41、 is held every year on Christmas Eve，where tens of thousands of people gather in the city of Melbourne to sing their favorite Christmas songs.The evening is lit by many candles with people singing under a clean but night sky.The sky with its Southern Cross stars is like a mirror.Sydney and the other
42、 capital cities also enjoy carols in the weeks leading up to Christmas.Australians surround themselves with Christmas Bush，a native plant which has little red flowered leaves.48It is usual to have a hot Christmas in Australia because_.Athe country is in the northern hemisphereBpeople go shopping in
43、shorts and TshirtsCthe festival is not in winter but in summerDSanta Claus is on a surfboard on many beaches49According to the passage，_is not included in Christmas meals in Australia.AhamBporkCturkey Dpumpkin50It seems that people can enjoy carols by candlelight because of_.Athe warm weatherBthe Ch
44、ristmas BushCthe activities at daytimeDthe Southern Cross stars51Whats the best title of this passage?ASydneys Eastern Suburbs.BChristmas Meals in Australia.CChristmas in Australia.DChristmas Shopping in Australia.EHe was no scholar, and his classmates made fun of him. Rather than read, the kid real
45、ly preferred running around with an 8mm camera, shooting homemade movies of wrecks (残骸) of his Lionel train set, which he showed to friends for a small fee.In his second year of high school, he dropped out. But when his parents persuaded him to return, he was placed in a learningdisabled class. He l
46、asted one month. Only when the family moved to another town did he land in a more suitable high school, where he eventually graduated.After being denied entrance into a traditional filmmaking school, Steven Spielberg enrolled in English at California State College at Long Beach. Then in 1965, one of
47、 those important moments, his life took a complete turn.Visiting Universal Studios, he met Chuck Silvers, an executive in the editorial department. Silvers liked the kid who made 8mm films and invited him back sometime to visit.He appeared the next day. Dressed in a dark suit and tie, carrying his f
48、athers briefcase with nothing inside but a sandwich and candy bars Spielberg strode (跨步) confidently up to the guard at the gate of Universal and gave him a casual wave. The guard waved back. He was in.“For the entire summer，” Spielberg remembers, “I dressed in my suit and hung out with the director
49、s and writers including Silvers, who knew the kid wasnt a studio employee, but pretended he didnt notice that. I even found an office that wasnt being used, and became a host without permission. I bought some plastic tiles and put my name in the building directory: Steven Spielberg, Room 23C.It paid
50、 off for everyone. Ten years later, the 28yearold Spielberg directed Jaws, which took in $470 million, then the highestgrossing movie of all time. Dozens of films and awards have followed because Steven Spielberg knew what his teachers didnttalent is in the eyes of the filmmaker.52What might be the
51、reason for Spielbergs being placed in a learningdisabled class?ABecause he performed poorly in studies.BBecause his parents advised him to do that.CBecause he wanted to break away from his former class.DBecause he planned to prove his advantages over others.53After Spielberg graduated from high scho
52、ol, he wanted to_.Astudy at California State CollegeBlearn to make filmsCwork at Universal StudiosDmake films on his own54Silvers helped Spielberg probably because_.Ahe was Spielbergs fathers friendBSpielbergs talent and passion for filming moved himChe hoped to find a good employee for Universal St
53、udiosDhe was sure Spielberg would become a great director one day55The text mainly tends to tell readers_.Awell begun is half doneBall good things come to an endCa still tongue makes a wise mindDhard work and sacrifice equals reward.任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Greeting other people is the first and most
54、 important social event in our lives.Parents greet their children as soon as they are born，and its not long before babies know who is who among the people in their everyday lives.After only a few months，babies work out systems of greeting people they know and those who are unfamiliar.Have you ever s
55、een a fourmonthold baby staring at you？Have you smiled and said“Hello”to the baby？Then have you watched the babys little frown as it realizes that it does not know you？Either the baby will begin to make strange noises and cling to its caregiver，or it will jerk its head in such a way that its whole b
56、ody moves，and smile at you.The baby has learned to greet people and to respond to greetings at a very early age.What it has learned is the most important aspect of a greeting：the facial and body gestures that accompany the smile.These are signals that indicate friendliness.Secondly，there is the into
57、nation(语调)in the voice.Greetings are said warmly，with an expression anywhere between bight quickness and easygoing friendliness.The third aspect concerns the words chosen.Together，the words，the intonation，and facial expressions signal a greeting.These indicators are the same all over the world.There
58、 may be a little difference in the words used，but“Good day”，“Nihao”，“Bonjour”，and“Guten Morgen”all contain the word“good”The common greeting from other languages is translated into English as“Good day”or“Hello”There are thousands of languages and cultures around the world，but though the words are di
59、fferent，they mean the same.And they are accompanied with friendly gestures，with smiles and with pleasant vocal intonations.You learned all of these skills naturally in the first months and years of your life.So please greet other people with a smile，a warm voice and kind words.Please greet other peo
60、ple whenever you can and wherever you are.TitleGreetingsThemeWe greet to show 56_.IntroductionGreeting 57._is our first and most important social event.Three 58._of a greetingThe 59._on your face，with says that you are happy and friendly.The intonation in the voice，which is 60._and pleasant.The 61._
61、of words，which usually contain the word“good”62._in languages other than English“Nihao”，“Bonjour”and“Guten Morgen”are 63._different languages，but of the same 64._.SuggestionsPlease greet others warmly and pleasantly.Please greet others whenever 65._and wherever you are.书面表达(满分25分)假如你叫李华，听说在国外上学的表弟Ja
62、mes吸烟成瘾，你很担忧。请给他写一封email，谈谈吸烟的危害并给出戒烟的建议。(可适当发挥，总词数120左右)Dear James, Since I heard you had got into the habit of smoking，_Yours，Li Hua 综合检测(三)1Bpessimistic悲观的；temporary临时的，暂时的；previous先前的，以往的；cautious小心谨慎的。句意：玛丽曾在这儿做临时秘书，但最终在这家公司得到了一份全职工作。根据题干意思可知正确答案为B项。2D句意：没有人能容忍他的粗鲁行为，所以他没有朋友。tolerate“容忍，忍受”；acc
63、ustom“习惯于”；understand“理解”；cover“覆盖”。3B句意：他一下班回来就发现家被盗了。房子是不可能被偷(steal)的，故排除C、D两项；house与rob之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。4A由句中independent(独立的，不依赖别人的)可知，空格处想表达“拒绝”的意思。decline“委婉地拒绝”，符合句意。deny“否认”；refuse“坚决、果断或坦率地拒绝”；reject“以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝”，均与句意不符，故选A项。5A句意：在那种噪音下我无法做作业。going on与其逻辑主语all that noise之间为主动关系。因此用in
64、g形式作宾补。6B句意：交通法规禁止人们在人行道上骑车。四个选项都可以与from搭配，stop sb.from doing，prevent sb.from doing和keep sb.from doing都是“阻止某人做某事”；prohibit“禁止”。7C句意：历史是最好的老师。它如实地记录每一个国家的发展轨迹，并向我们昭示未来。A：显而易见地；B：常规地，习惯地：C：如实地；D：终于。8C考查错综时间虚拟条件句。由todays life知主句指的是现在，more than 130 years ago说明从句说的是过去，所以使用hadnt invented表示与过去事实相反。9Bwipe o
65、ut意为“消除”。句意：仍然有许多人在遭受痛苦，我们应该做些事情来消除贫困。keep out“使在外”；give out“分发，发出(气味、热等)，发表”；run out“用光”。10Din truth“实际上”；in return“作为回报”；in particular“特别，尤其”；in vain“徒劳，白费力气”。后半句句意为：他的妻子试图说服他戒烟，但是白费力气，所以D项合适。11C从后面的不是事先挑选，可以知道是随意挑选。at random“随意地；随机地”。12C句意：父亲在附近的一家餐馆招待邻居以示感谢。treat sb.to sth.“用招待某人”，符合语境要求。13A句意：很
66、清楚，电视节目通常能满足各年龄段的人的口味。cater to“迎合，满足需要”，符合题意要求。14D考查情态动词。答语句意：是的，但是她本应该在家。她的小妹妹需要她照顾。ought to have done表示“本应该做某事，但却没有做”。15B句意：每天放学后我的惯例就是做作业，然后看电视直到10点半上床去睡觉。route“路线”；routine“常规，惯例”；practice“练习，做法”；drill“操练”。【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。全文讲述了作者通过参加一次小组活动来了解残疾人所面临的问题的经历。作者和其他人都暂时“接受残疾”，把自己“扮”成残疾人，而作者选择了坐轮椅的方式。通过这
67、次经历作者体验了残疾人每天在生活中所面临的种种挑战。16B结合空格前sensitivity的含义“感受，敏感”以及常识可推断，这个活动的目的是让人们对于残疾人在生活中所面临的问题有更多的了解。从本文结尾作者的感受中也可判断出应选择B项。17B下文中For disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的).提到了adopt这个词，指的是让人们采用乘坐轮椅的方式了解残疾人，这是一种暗示；此处指的是被要求“接受残疾”几个小时以了解残疾人，因此选B。cure表示“治愈”；prevent表示“阻止”；analyze表示“分析”
68、。18D作者以自己作为例子，下文中也主要是以作者本人的体验来展开的，所以选like me“像我这样的”。19A根据下文的I had never considered before how _20_ it would be to use one.可知，作者从来没有考虑过怎样使用轮椅，所以这是一个学习的过程，故选learning。20B既然作者没使用过轮椅，同时结合下文也可看出作者使用起轮椅来比较笨拙，不知道该怎样弄才好，因此选B。21D结合前面的As soon as I sat down.以及后面的made the chair begin to roll的暗示和常识可知，当作者坐下后，应该是作者
69、的体重使得轮椅开始动起来。22A作者一坐下轮椅就开始动起来，表明这个轮子没有被锁住。23B联系下文It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest.中的footrest可知，这里指作者不知道该把脚放在哪里。24A联系上句的内容可知，作者费了半天劲，终于把footrest放到了恰当的位置，上文的where对此处的place也是一种提示。25C这里表示作者第一次不安地看了看将要在上面度过几个小时的唯一的交通工具(transportation)。26C联系本文最后一段的My wheelchair experiment was soon.可知，作者进
70、行的只是一次坐轮椅的体验。此处表示：对那些终生在轮椅上的人们来说，却并非是一次临时性的体验。27D联系后面的thought it might be restful中的restful可知，作者经过一番周折想在轮椅上找一个比较舒适的位置来坐得放松些。28Drestful和nice是一种递进的关系，故选even，表示程度，意为“甚至”。29B联系下文的I would have to handle the thing myself！可知，作者原以为有人会推着自己的轮椅到处转转。30A联系前面的Looking around“环顾四周”，作者终于明白了I would have to handle the
71、thing myself，即作者明白了得自己来推动轮椅，而不是有人推着他。31B结合前面的My hands started to ache和后面的the heavy metal wheels可知，当作者转动轮子让轮椅移动的时候，因为费力，所以手都疼了。turn在这里表示“转动”。32C转动轮椅的轮子后，下一步就是把握轮椅的方向。33A对于一个“新人”来说，控制轮椅的方向不是一项容易的任务。34D前文已经提到了for several hours one Sunday，联系下文的It made a deep impression on me.可知，作者的这次体验很快就结束了。35C几个小时的残疾体
72、验，对于作者无论在生理上还是心理上都是一种挑战，而这种挑战是残疾人必须克服的，故答案为C项。【语篇解读】本文为说明文，属于科普类文章。研究发现，单纯的脑力劳动并不会令人感觉疲劳，而真正令人感觉疲劳的是心理和情感态度，如烦躁、气愤、焦虑、紧张、担心、不被欣赏等。这些情感都是令脑力劳动者感觉疲劳的因素。36C细节理解题。根据第一段中“To the amazement of these scientists，they.no fatigue at all！”可知，令这些科学家们惊讶的是，大脑活跃时流经大脑的血液并没有表现出疲劳，故C项正确。A项与“If we took a drop of blood.
73、and fatigue products.”意思表达相反，故排除；第一段最后一句指出在一天结束的时候，脑力劳动者的大脑血液中没有疲劳因素，这不是科学家们的惊讶之处，且与D项意思不一致，故排除B、D两项。37B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，使脑力劳动者疲劳的主要原因是情感问题，最后一段指出了是哪些情感，故B项正确。38A推理判断题。本文主要介绍了科学家的研究成果，作者对此进行了进一步的分析、论证，对情感态度导致人疲劳的观点持肯定态度，并未对此进行质疑，故A项正确。39B推理判断题。根据最后两段的叙述可知，心理和情感态度是导致脑力劳动者疲劳的主要原因，因而保持好的心理状态才会感觉精力充沛
74、；B项意为“喜欢他们的工作，”符合文意，这就避免了导致疲劳的烦躁、气愤等情感。其余几项都与导致疲劳的因素无关，故排除。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青春期的男孩和女孩的声音发生变化的原因。40C主旨大意题。本文旨在说明青春期的男孩儿和女孩儿声音为什么发生变化，如何变化，以及如何看待这个现象。故选C项。41B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“which causes his larynx to grow and his vocal cords(声带)to get longer and thicker.”和第五段中的前两句可知，成年人的嗓音比小孩儿的低沉是因为成年人的声带又长又厚。42C细节理解题
75、。根据第六段的内容可知，older guys and men长有喉结(the Adams apple)。43A推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容可知，嗓音变化是青少年向成人过渡的生理发育的自然现象。44C细节判断题。根据第三段中的“lacked one of two genes，for a brain chemical called brainderived neurotropic factor(BDNF)”可知，这种化学物质存在于大脑中，故选C项。45B细节判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“Some obese children and adults who eat excessively may
76、be missing a gene for a brain chemical involved in controlling appetite”和第三段的二、三句可以看出一些人吃得过多是因为缺少一种基因，该基因控制是否在大脑中生成控制食欲的化合物。因此选B项。46A细节判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“so scientists can develop obesity drugs to treat people who dont make enough BDNF”可知，科学家们研究这种物质的目的是开发一些药物来解决人们的肥胖问题。故答案是A项。47A主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了某种控制大脑生成化合物进
77、而可以控制人们食欲的基因，研究表明它的缺失造成了人们对食欲无法控制，从而引发了肥胖问题。故答案是A项。【语篇解读】一提到圣诞节，人们很容易联想到雪花飘飘的冬天，但是位于南半球的澳大利亚的圣诞节正好在炎热的夏季。由于天气原因，那里的一些圣诞活动具有独特之处。48C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，澳大利亚位于南半球，所以圣诞节正好在炎热的夏季。49D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在澳大利亚人的圣诞宴席上，南瓜没有一席之地。50A推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可以推断，澳大利亚人之所以能够在夜晚的烛光下演唱圣诞颂歌，是因为那里的气候很温暖，适合组织这类户外活动。51C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文
78、章主要介绍了位于南半球的澳大利亚人庆祝圣诞节的一些情况，因此最佳标题为C项。52A根据文章第一段的Rather than read，the kid really preferred running.可推知答案。53B根据文章第三段首句After being denied entrance into a traditional filmmaking school可推知答案。54B由第三段的Silvers liked the kid who made 8mm films and invited him back sometime to visit.可知答案。55D本文主要通过Spielberg的成
79、功经历告诉我们：付出就有回报。56friendliness57.others58.aspects/indicators59.smile60.warm61.choice62.Greetings63from64.meaning65.possible【参考范文】Dear James，Since I heard you had got into the habit of smoking, I have been very worried. You see, not only does smoking waste your money and time, but its harmful to your
80、health physically and mentally. As a high school student, you should study hard and stop smoking immediately. Although its hard to get rid of smoking, I hope you will follow my advice. First, choose a day when you feel relaxed to throw away all your cigarettes and make a list of all the benefits you can get from stopping smoking. Then, reread the benefits to remind yourself when you want to smoke again. Finally, do some sports every day and youre sure to succeed.Yours，Li Hua
