1、题型重组练(二)(限时30分钟)对应学生用书(单独成册)第144页.阅读理解(2020开封一模)Andrew Grey doesnt fit most peoples idea of an astronomer.He works in a car repair shop，not in a lab or university，yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASAs Kepler space telescope.Mr.Grey is one of millions of citi
2、zen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding.For centuries，only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science，but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization(民主化)to science.“This is a collaborative(合作的)effort that anyone could get involved
3、in，”says Chris Lintott，an Oxford University astrophysicist(天体物理学家)and cofounder of Zooniverse，a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects.Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field，from ecology to astrophysics.“As long as pattern recognition is involved，there
4、 are no limits to what can become a citizen science project，” Lintott says.“Anyone can identify patterns in images，graphs，or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial.Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition.But humans，particularly amateur scientists，dont stay focused
5、 on what theyre supposed to.And thats good，because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.”“And citizen science doesnt have to be directed by a scientist，” says Sheila Jasanoff，director of the Program on Science，Technology and Society at Harvard University.“Citizens producing kno
6、wledge in places where official organs have failed them can also be citizen scientists，” she says.Thats what happened in Flint，Michigan，when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.Citizenpowered research is as old as scientific inquiry.For cent
7、uries before science became professionalized，regular people looked for patterns in the world around them.Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models，scientists still welcome help from everyday people.As a professional scientist himself，Lintott says，“People think that were intelligent，but
8、 science is easy and we need your help.”语篇解读数个世纪以来，只有少数普通人为科学做出了贡献，但科技的进步已经为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，科学是任何人都能参与的，每个人都有可能成为科学家。1What made citizen scientists appear?AThe high level of science projects.BThe development of technology.CThe support of the government.DThe foundation of Zooniverse.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“onl
9、y a few ordinary people had been contributing to science.to science”可知，科技的进步为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，从而使更多的普通人也能参与科学研究，促成了公民科学家的出现，故选B。答案：B2What is an advantage of humans in pattern recognition compared with machines?AHumans can identify patterns more swiftly.BHumans focus their attention on data.CHumans can
10、observe uncommon things.DHumans have stronger emotions.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And thats good，because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.”可知，在模式识别方面，人类与机器相比，人类的优势在于其能够注意到一些不寻常的东西，故C项正确。答案：C3What is Lintotts attitude towards citizen science?AFavorable.BCautious.CIndifferent. DDoubt
11、ful.解析：观点态度题。根据第三段Lintott表述的科学人人都能参与，第四段他表述的公民科学家有自身的优势和尾段中他说的话“People think that were intelligent，but science is easy and we need your help.”可推知，Lintott支持公民科学，故选A。答案：A4What would be the best title of the text?ACitizen Scientists Can Be IntelligentBScience Is Important to EveryoneCAnyone Can Be a Sc
12、ientistDScience Is Everywhere解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段以表述澳大利亚汽车修理工Andrew Grey成为公民科学家来引入话题，接着又讲到天体物理学家Chris Lintott和Sheila Jasanoff对于公民科学的看法，并结合倒数第二段中的“scientists still welcome help from everyday people”可知，本文主要肯定了公民科学家，表达了任何人都可能成为科学家的观点，故C项最适合作文章标题。答案：C词汇积累：Para.1：fit v符合astronomer n天文学家Para.2：collective adj.集体
13、的，共有的，共同的Para.4：graph n图表data set n数据集Para.5：drinking water n饮用水investigation n科学研究Para.6：inquiry n探究professionalize v使专业化构词：tutor n导师tutorial n使用说明.完形填空(2020安徽部分重点校高三联考)Mikalin still remembers the exact moment she was separated from her mother，on September 24，1975.Then just four years old，she and h
14、er mother were walking through Penn Station in New York.Mikalin_1_a candy store and asked whether she could go in.She thought her mother said yes，_2_she entered.When she returned，her mother was_3_A police officer found her wandering around the train station alone and took her to the police station._
15、4_，she was placed in an orphanage(孤儿院)Two years later，she was_5_Her new family named her Michelle.In 2001，_6_for any information about her birth mother，she_7_on a website that she had been left at Penn Station and was_8_her birth mother.LynnMarie Carty，founder of ，saw the_9_and decided to help her.C
16、arty had been following the case for 16 years without a_10_However，in December 2017，she sent Mikalin a DNA test as a present.Carty found that Mikalin was a(n)_11_with a woman named Kelly Warren，who_12_to be Mikalins first cousin.Carty called Kelly，who_13_that her uncle Richard Smith had _14_a daught
17、er many years earlier.Mikalins birth mother，Barbara Wright，_15_suffered a mental illness that day at Penn Station.When she arrived home _16_，she said she lost her daughter.Her family looked for Mikalin without _17_When Mikalin met her_18_family，her mothers brother，Joseph Wright，said to her，“I want t
18、o first say we deeply_19_for not protecting you，I hope you_20_us.” Mikalin nodded，smiling through her tears.语篇解读Mikalin四岁时在纽约市的宾州车站与母亲走散，后来她被人收养。之后，她想寻找自己的亲生母亲。最后，在Carty的帮助下，她终于与失散多年的家人重聚。1A.spottedBcheckedCdescribed Dchose解析：根据语境可知，Mikalin看到一个糖果店，问母亲她能不能进去。spot“看见”符合语境，故选A。答案：A2A.but BsoCif Dthough
19、解析：根据语境可知，此处前后是因果关系，前因后果，故选B。答案：B3A.ill BseriousCinjured Dgone解析：根据空后的“A police officer found her wandering around the train station alone and took her to the police station.”可知，当Mikalin回去时，她的妈妈走了。gone意为“走了，离开了”，故选D。答案：D4A.Whats more BFrankly speakingCFor instance DBefore long解析：根据上下文并结合常识可知，不久，她就被送
20、到一家孤儿院。before long意为“不久”，符合语境，故选D。答案：D5A.recognized BreportedCadopted Demployed解析：根据空后的“Her new family named her Michelle.”可知，两年后，她被收养了，故选C。答案：C6A.ready BconvenientCdesperate Dnecessary解析：根据下文她发帖寻找她的生母可知，她极想得到她生母的消息。desperate意为“极想，渴望”，故选C。答案：C7A.found BannouncedCrealized Dposted解析：根据空后的on a website可
21、知，她在一个网站上发帖。post意为“发布”，符合语境。答案：D8A.searching for Bheading forCanswering for Dsending for解析：参见第6题解析。答案：A9A.promise BmessageCschedule Dadvertisement解析：上文表述Mikalin发帖说明自己的情况并想寻找生母，故此处应表示Carty看到了Mikalin发布的消息，故选B。答案：B10A.deadline BbreakthroughCbarrier Dconnection解析：根据空后的“However，in December 2017，she sent
22、Mikalin a DNA test as a present.”及下文内容可知，此处表示Carty跟踪Mikalin的事件16年，没有一点突破(breakthrough)。故选B。答案：B11A.match BcompetitorCexplorer Dtraveller解析：根据上文中的“she sent Mikalin a DNA test”和该句中的“who _12_ to be Mikalins first cousin”及语境可知，Carty发现Mikalin的基因与一位名叫Kelly Warren的女子的基因非常相似，Kelly疑似Mikalin的堂姐。match“非常相似的东西”
23、；competitor“竞争者”；explorer“探险者”；traveller“旅行者”。故选A。答案：A12A.pretended BappearedCexpected Dapplied解析：参见上题解析。appear to be“似乎是”。答案：B13A.sorted BdecidedCremembered Dbelieved解析：根据语境可知，Kelly记得她叔叔家多年前丢了一个女儿。答案：C14A.rescued BabandonedCtreated Dlost解析：根据下文中的“she lost her daughter”“Her family looked for Mikalin
24、”可知，D选项符合语境。答案：D15A.naturally BeventuallyCsuddenly Ddirectly解析：根据语境可知，Mikalin的妈妈那天在宾州车站突然精神病发作。故选C。答案：C16A.alone BenergeticallyChappily Dcalmly解析：根据空后的“she said she lost her daughter”可知，Mikalin的妈妈独自一人回到家。故选A。答案：A17A.decision BdifficultyCsuccess Dcomment解析：根据上文可知，Mikalin已与家人失散多年，故此处C选项符合语境，表示Mikalin的
25、家人寻找过她，但没成功(找到)。答案：C18A.newly built BwellorganizedCpovertystricken Dlonglost解析：根据上文中的on September 24，1975和in December 2017可知，Mikalin已与家人失散多年。D项意为“长时间没见面的”，符合语境，故选D。B项意为“有条理的”；C项意为“一贫如洗的”。答案：D19A.apologize BexamineCadventure Dreflect解析：根据语境可知，此处表示Mikalin的舅舅因他们未能保护Mikalin而向她深深地表示歉意，并希望Mikalin原谅他们。故选A。
26、答案：A20A.accept BforgiveCchallenge Dquestion解析：参见上题解析。答案：B.语法填空A painting with a 1._(long)of 1014.37 meters has received a Guinness World Record title for the longest drawing by an individual artist.The record was announced at the Simatai Great Wall on Saturday，September 14th，2019，2._is surrounded by
27、 the verdant(翠绿的)mountains of an early autumn，and the painter unfolded the painting with great care 3._ the presence of many viewers.4_took artist Guo Feng two months to complete the blackandwhite painting named Yongsheng in Chinese，meaning living forever.Clearly 5._(inspire)by the view of the Great
28、 Wall from the sky，he wanted to call for peace and harmony in the world.In fact，Guo Feng is 6._(familiar)to the public as a music producer than as a painter.And one of his songs，Let the World Be Filled with Love，has enjoyed great popularity all over the country for 7._(decade)The painting is made up
29、 of 10 subthemes，and was created 8._(large)using marker pens.“I 9._(draw)for more than 10 hours a day over the past months and sometimes I began working at 4 am.，” said Guo.“Creating the work on the Great Wall was an unprecedentedly(空前地)lonely and quiet time for me 10._(look)into my past，today and t
30、he future，” he added.语篇解读跨界音乐人郭峰创作的长1 014.37米的画作永生获得了一项“单人创作的最长的画作”吉尼斯世界纪录称号。1解析：考查词性转换。此处表示一幅长达1014.37米的画作，根据空前的a和空后的of可知，此处应用名词，a length of.“长达”，所以填length。答案：length2解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语，修饰前面的先行词the Simatai Great Wall，应用关系代词which来引导该从句。答案：which3解析：考查固定用法。此处表示当着许多观看者的面，in the
31、 presence of sb.意为“在某人面前，当着某人的面”，为固定用法。答案：in4解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，该句真正的主语为“to complete the.meaning living forever”，空处作形式主语，所以填It。答案：It5解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和空后的by可知，inspire和其逻辑主语he为动宾关系，所以填inspired。答案：inspired6解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的比较级符号than并结合语境可知，空处含有比较的含义，应用形容词的比较级，familiar为多音节词，比较级为more familiar，所以填more fa
32、miliar。答案：more familiar7解析：考查名词的单复数。此处表示数十年来，他的歌曲让世界充满爱享誉全国，for decades为习惯用法，表示“数十年来”。答案：decades8解析：考查词性转换。修饰空后的动词using，需要用副词，所以填largely。答案：largely9解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“for more than 10 hours a day over the past months”可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻，强调动作在完成过程中的持续性、重复性。所以填have been drawing。答案：have been drawing10解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式to look作定语。答案：to look
