1、语法专题突破专题二 代词英 语2022内 容 索 引核心考点 课堂突破专项训练 巩固提升核心考点 课堂突破高考感悟单句填空1.(2020全国卷)Data about.,could help China decide whether _(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.2.(2020新高考全国卷)As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine _(they)living at a differen
2、t time in history or.3.(2019北京卷)Nervously facing challenges,I know I will whisper to _(I)the two simple words“Be yourself”.itsthemselvesmyself4.(2018全国卷)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give _a try.5.(2018全国卷)W
3、hen the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find _(they)alive.6.(2018浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _can be to eat out.itthemit考点归纳考点一代词的分类代词可以分为以下八大类:人称代词主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they宾格me,you,him,her,i
4、t,us,you,them物主代词形容词性my,your,his,her,its,our,their名词性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves指示代词this,that,these,those,such,some疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as不定代词普通不定代词one/s
5、ome/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/a few/a little,other/another,all/both,neither/either复合不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,everyone,no one/none,someone,anyone相互代词each other,one another注意1.形容词性物主代词通常用作定语,修饰名词,形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。2.“of(介词)+名词性物主代词
6、(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格,如:a friendof mine我的一个朋友。3.人称代词用在及物动词或介词后必须用宾格形式。考点二it的用法非人称代词Its quite hot here in summer,isnt it?Its early midnight now.Wed better go to bed.Its about an hours drive from here to Nanchang.指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等形式成分形式主语It is difficult to understand why she barks every minute
7、she is outside.真正的主语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当形式宾语Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.真正的宾语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当强调句型It was under the bed that my brother hid the ball this morning.It is Mr Bell who/that often comes and looks after the old man.指人时可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that常见的it句
8、型It is a pity/shame that.真可惜It is no wonder that.难怪It seems/appears that.似乎/看起来It looks/seems as if/though.看起来好像It happened that.碰巧It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb.that.某人突然想起It is said/reported that.据说/据报道It is no use/good doing.做没有用/好处。It takes sb.some time to do.做花费某人多长时间。It is certain that.
9、是一定的。See to it that.确保Count on/rely on/depend on it that.相信as someone puts it 像某人说的那样When it comes to.当涉及/谈到I cant help it.我没办法/情不自禁I take it that.我理解的是Its(high)time that sb.did sth.是某人该做某事的时候了。Its the first/second/.time that sb.have/has done sth.这是某人第一次/二次/次做某事了。It is/has been.since.自从已经过了时间了。It wi
10、ll be/was.before.要过时间才/在之前已过了时间。I hate/enjoy/appreciate/dislike/love/like/prefer it when/if.我讨厌/喜欢/感激考点三it,one,that的区别it指代上文提到的表特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词,即“同类又同物”,复数形式为they/themone 表示“同类不同物”,只能代替可数名词单数,相当于a/an+可数名词单数that表示“同类不同物”,指代前文出现的表特指的可数名词单数或不可数名词。(复数名词用those指代)those=the ones注意the one特指前面的可数名词单数,有时可以用th
11、at来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时);the ones特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用those代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.(those/theones替代the books)考点四some与any 用法例句some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑问句和否定句Have you got any bookmarks?No,I dont have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.some可用于疑问句中,表示盼望
12、得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议、请求等Have you got some stamps?(希望得到肯定的回答)Would you like some coffee?(表示请求、邀请)some 和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes,if any.some和数词连用表示“大约”,any可与比较级连用表示程度There are some 3,000 students in this school.Do you feel any bette
13、r today?考点五each和every each强调个别,代表的数可以是两个或两个以上。作定语或主语时谓语动词用单数Each student has his own dictionary.Each has his good point.every只能作定语,强调整体,所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。作定语时谓语动词用单数。every+基数词+复数名词=every+序数词+单数名词,作“每(多少)”解,但each不能用于这一结构中I know every member of your family.every three days 每三天或每隔两天,相当于 every third day。Th
14、ere are many shops on every side of the street.(every改为each)考点六no one,none,nobody和nothing no one 指人或物,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式,不能与of连用No one knows how long it will last.none可指人也可指物,作主语时,如和 of 连用指不可数名词时,谓语动词要用单数形式;指可数名词时,谓语动词用单、复数均可None of them has/have seen me before.None of this money belongs to me.nobody 用来
15、指人,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式,不能与of连用Nobody wants to remain a beginner.nothing 用来指物,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.考点七another,other,the other和others other表示“别的”“另外的”,只能与复数名词连用。但other前有冠词the即可与单数名词连用Do you have any other question(s)?the other指两个人或物中的一个,后可加单数名词,也可加复数名
16、词He has two daughters.One is a nurse,the other is a worker.another指另一个,没有固定的范围This glass is broken.Get me another one.others不能作定语,表示复数意义,相当于“other+复数名词”Some people like football;others like volleyball.考点八复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数Somebody has parked his car right in front of mine.受定语修饰时,定语后置Please be quiet.I
17、ve got something important to say.其后一般不接of 短语,不定代词若是指物或后接 of 短语,可用 any one,every oneEvery one of the movies I saw last week was interesting.常见短语:nothing but只不过anything but绝不;根本不something of有点儿;在某种程度上是nothing to do with和没关系for nothing免费;白白地;白费;无缘无故地second to none名列前茅考点九部分否定与全部否定部分否定all,both,every,eve
18、ryone,everybody,everything用在否定句中Not every student goes to the farm on Sunday.=Every student doesnt go to the farm on Sunday.不是每个学生星期天都去农场。全部否定none,no one,nobody,nothing,neither,not anyNo one/Nobody in our class likes football.我们班没有人喜欢足球。专项训练 巩固提升.单句填空1.We had fun and enjoyed _(we)during the daytime.
19、2.I would appreciate _very much if you can do me a favor.3.Susan made _clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.4.In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in _,knives and forks.5.Id appreciate _if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.ourselvesitit
20、othersit6.Its an either-or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do _.7.Shed lived in London and Manchester but she liked _and moved to Cambridge.8.At our factory there are a few machines similar to _described in this magazine.9.When he took his gloves off,I not
21、iced that _one had his name written inside.10.I prefer the large box to the small _.bothneitherthoseeachone.语法填空Tom liked to make up stories about the giants that threatened(威胁)the peace of 1._(he)own land,but he knew that the real giant in his life was Janice.Of course,2._ wasnt only Tom and his be
22、st friend John that Janice was after.She had two friends,Wilma and Bobby,who were almost as big as she was,and the three of 3._(they)would wander around the playground,grabbing up rocks,running through jump ropes,and laughing while second graders screamed.4._(them)would even stand outside the girls
23、room every morning and make the little girls give them 5._(they)milk money before theyd let them go to the bathroom.hisItthemTheytheirBelle,Johns little sister,unfortunately,was a slow learner.Her daddy had brought 6._(she)a package of Twinkies,and she was so proud that as soon as she got on the sch
24、ool bus,she forgot everything she knew and yelled to another first grader,“Guess what I got in my lunch today,Billy?”“What?”“Twinkies!”she shouted so loud that you could have heard her in the back seat even if you were deaf in 7._ ears.Out of the corner of his eye,John thought he saw Janice brighten
25、 up.When they sat down,Belle was still talking about her Twinkies loudly.“8._(I)daddy brought them to me from Washington.”herbothMyJohn threw another look at the back seat.“Youd better shut up about 9._(that)Twinkies”he said in her ear.“You just jealous(嫉妒的)because Daddy did bring you none.”“OK.”He turned to Tom to say,“Warned her,didnt I?”and Tom nodded back.Neither of 10._(they)was too surprised to see Belle come screaming toward them at break time.“She stole my Twinkies!”John sighed.“Belle,didnt I tell you?”thosethem
