1、延庆区2020-20学年第二学期期中试卷高一英语考生须知1考生要认真填写个人信息。2本试卷共10页，三大部分（共100分），考试时间100分钟。3试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答；非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。4考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 知识运用完形填空阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. She attended pr
2、imary school till 4th grade at her village. For the 5th grade onwards, she would have to get an admission(入学) in a school at a city nearby. She got very _1_ knowing that she was accepted in a famous school in the city. Today was the first day of her school and she was waiting for her school bus. Onc
3、e the bus came, she got in it _2_. She was very excited.When the bus reached her school, all students started going to their classes. Anna also made it to her classroom. Upon seeing her _3_ clothing and knowing she was from a small village, other students started making fun of her. The teacher soon
4、arrived. She _4_ Anna to the class and told them that she would be studying with them from today.Then she told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. Everyone started writing the answer quickly. But Anna started to write the answer_5_.When everyone except Anna had presented their ans
5、wer paper, the teacher asked Anna, “What happened, dear? Dont _6_. Just write what you know as other students have learned about it just a few days back. ”Anna replied, “There are many things. Which seven can I pick to write?” And then she handed her answer paper to the teacher. The teacher started
6、reading everyones answers and the majority had answered them _7_ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon etc.The teacher was happy as students had _8_ what she had taught them. At last the teacher pap
7、er started reading Annas answer paper. “The Seven Wonders areTo be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To Love!”The teacher stood _9_ and the whole class was speechless. Today, a girl from a small village reminded us about the gifts we have, which are
8、 truly a _10_. So value what we have and use what we have.1. A. anxiousB. happyC. afraidD. calm2. A. quicklyB. easilyC. lazilyD. patiently3. A. simpleB. cleanC. lovelyD. expensive4. A. pushedB. followedC. turnedD. introduced5. A. slowlyB. activelyC. cheerfullyD. politely6. A. cryB. forgetC. writeD.
9、worry7. A. neatlyB. correctlyC. brieflyD. proudly8. A. sharedB. expandedC. missedD. remembered9. A. satisfiedB. disappointedC. shockedD. frightened10. A. talentB. rewardC. wonderD. challenge【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。安娜去上了小学，但是开学第一天，同学们见她是从小村庄来的便捉弄她。上课后，老师
10、让同学们写下世界上七样伟大的东西，大多数同学都写下了景点，但是安娜写下了去看、去听、去感受、去笑、去思考、去慷慨、去爱。小村庄来的安娜让我们知道我们所拥有的东西多么宝贵。1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道她被城里一所著名的学校录取了，她非常开心。A. anxious焦虑的；B. happy高兴的；C. afraid害怕的；D. calm冷静的。根据下文的“she was accepted in a famous school in the city.”可推知，被名校录取的安娜应该是感到高兴的。故选B。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：校车来了，她迅速地上去。A. quickly迅速地；
11、B. easily容易地；C. lazily懒惰地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文的“She was very excited.”可知，安娜心情很好，由此可知上车时动作也很快。此外，该词能表现出她对新学校的期待。故选A。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她简朴的衣服，知道她来自一个小村庄，其他学生开始取笑她。A. simple简朴的，简单的；B. clean干净的；C. lovely可爱的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据后文“knowing she was from a small village, other students started making fun o
12、f her”可知安娜因为衣着简朴受到了嘲笑。故选A。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把安娜介绍给全班同学，并告诉他们从今天开始她将和他们一起学习。A. pushed推；B. followed跟随；C. turned转动；D. introduced介绍。结合常识和下文的“told them that she would be studying with them from today.”可知，老师把新来的同学介绍给班上其他同学认识。故选D。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是安娜开始慢慢地作答。A. slowly慢慢地；B. actively活跃地；C. cheerfully高兴地；D
13、. politely礼貌地。根据上文的“Everyone started writing the answer quickly.”和本句的“but”可知，安娜作答的速度很慢。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“怎么了，亲爱的？别担心。” A. cry哭泣；B. forget忘记；C. write写；D. worry担心。根据上文的“What happened, dear”和下文的“Just write what you know as other students have learned about it just a few days back.”可知，老师在亲切地安慰和鼓励安娜
14、，用“别担心”符合语境。故选D。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：老师开始阅读每个人的答案，大多数人都答对了，比如中国长城、罗马圆形大剧场、巨石阵、吉萨大金字塔、比萨斜塔、泰姬陵、巴比伦空中花园等等。A. neatly整洁地；B. correctly正确地；C. briefly短暂地；D. proudly傲慢地。根据后文“such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babyl
15、on etc”可知同学都回答正确了老师的问题。故选B。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师感到开心是因为学生记住了她所教的。A. shared分享；B. expanded扩充；C. missed错过；D. remembered记住。根据上文的“The teacher was happy”可推知，老师感到开心是因为学生记住了她所教的。故选D。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师震惊了，全班哑口无言。A. satisfied满意的；B. disappointed失望的；C. shocked震惊的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文的“the whole class was spe
16、echless”和and可知，老师当时的状态和学生们相似，也感到很震惊、很意外。故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，一个来自小村庄的女孩提醒我们，我们所拥有的才是真正的奇迹。A. talent才能；B. reward奖赏；C. wonder奇迹；D. challenge挑战。根据上文的“She told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world.”可知，老师让学生们写世界上的七个奇迹，看了安娜写的才恍然大悟：原来我们所拥有的就是奇迹。故选C。第二部分 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选
17、出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）AVan Gogh painted sunflowers for the first time in the summer of 1886.Two years later, his interest appeared again after he settled in Arles. After he had invited the French artist Paul Gauguin, whom he admired, to join his Studio of the South, he began painting s
18、unflowers to brighten up the whitewashed walls of the yellow house he was living in, not far from the towns railway station.Gauguin accepted Van Goghs invitation. When he began dragging his heels(脚后跟), Van Gogh painted the last two of the four original Sunflowers for the modest bedroom where his gue
19、st would sleep following his arrival that autumn, “Van Gogh saw the Sunflowers for Gauguins bedroom as a way of attracting his friend to come from Brittany, “says Bailey.According to Martin Gayford, “Gauguin was very surprised by the Sunflowers, which he repeatedly praised and asked for as a gift. Y
20、ears later, Gauguin himself painted some sunflower pictures.”Van Goghs Sunflowers stand for (代表)his relationship with Gauguin. “I think he painted them for the joy of it,” says Jansen. “Van Gogh was at the height of his powers in the summer of 1888,”explains Bailey. “He painted the Sunflowers quickl
21、y and with great energy and confidence.” Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo in late August, “Im painting quickly now, which wont surprise you when its a question of painting large Sunflowers.”Van Gogh recognized at once that he had created something important and that his sunflowers were so differen
22、t. As he told Theo in January 1889, while other artists were known for painting other flowers, “The sunflower is mine.” This, in fact, explains the reason for the popularity of Van Goghs Sunflowers today.11. Van Gogh painted sunflowers in 1888 in order to _.A. give them to GauguinB. make his livingC
23、. decorate his houseD. show his artistic talent to others12. Where were the last two Sunflowers placed by Van Gogh? _.A In the British museumB. In Gauguins bedroomC. In the towns railway stationD. In a rich businessmans house13. How did Gauguin feel about Van Goghs paintingthe Sunflowers? _.A. Very
24、badB. Just sosoC. Rather worriedD. Quite surprised14. From the last two paragraphs we can learn that _.A. Van Gogh was not good at painting large SunflowersB. Van Gogh had much trouble in painting the SunflowersC. Van Gogh didnt like his Sunflowers at all at that timeD. Van Gogh realized the Sunflow
25、ers would make him known【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D 14. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了梵高的绘画作品向日葵的创作背景。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“he began painting sunflowers to brighten up the whitewashed walls of the yellow house he was living in”可知，他画向日葵是为他所居住的黄色房屋的白色粉刷墙壁增添色彩。因此梵高1888年画向日葵是为了装饰他的房子。故选C。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Gauguin
26、accepted Van Goghs invitation. Gogh painted the last two of the four original Sunflowers for the modest bedroom where his guest would sleep following his arrival that autumn”可知，Gauguin接受了梵高的邀请。梵高为那间不起眼的卧室画了四个原始向日葵中的最后两个向日葵，他的客人那个秋天来到后就睡在这个卧室里。可知，梵高把最后两个向日葵画作放在了Gauguin的卧室里。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ac
27、cording to Martin Gayford, “Gauguin was very surprised by the Sunflowers, which he repeatedly praised and asked for as a gift.”可知，据Martin Gayford说，Gauguin对向日葵感到非常惊讶，他一再赞美并索要它作为礼物。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Van Gogh recognized at once that he had created something important and that his sunflowers were
28、 so different. This, in fact, explains the reason for the popularity of Van Goghs Sunflowers today.”可知，梵高意识到自己创造了一些重要的东西，而他的向日葵是如此的不同。这解释了梵高的向日葵今天流行的原因。因此梵高意识到向日葵会让他出名。故选D。BVarious Apps to LearnApps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you diverse and personalized content to meet your
29、needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn? Here are some great ideas for you.Khan Academy allows you to learn almost anything for free. It covers subjects such as math, physics, biology, and even computer science. The real magic of this app is that you can learn at your own pace. You can re
30、view subjects that you are not good at, or start learning a subject you like. The app is in English. If you want to see its translation you can visit http:/open. BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. Its free and teaches you something new every day. From the solar system to
31、 DNA, each topic starts with an interesting cartoon movie. After youve watched it, you can take a test to see how much youve learned.Udemy is a “learn on demand” website and app. It is for career-oriented individuals to start their course pricing at $10.99. This app allows you the flexibility to tak
32、e your time on a course you purchase over the course of several months, without worrying about recurring payments before you finish. This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your end.Duolingo is the premier leader in language ed
33、ucation for learning apps. You can learn to speak 29 different languages, all at the touch of a button. Youll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak them. Youll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to communicate with a new portion of its inhabitants! 15
34、. According to the passage, what apps allow you to learn at your speed?A. Khan Academy and Udemy.B. Udemy and Duolingo.C. Khan Academy and Brain POP.D. BrainPOP and Duolingo.16. _ can help value how well you have studied.A. KhanB. BrainPOPC. UdemyD. Duolingo17. What can Duolingo offer its users?A. S
35、ubjects reviewing.B. Speaking practice.C. Technical support.D. Career training.18. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To compare the difference of different learning methods.B. To introduce the development of learning technology.C. To help find the suitable learning apps.D. To provide various lea
36、rning activities.【答案】15. A 16. B 17. B 18. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了适合学习者的四款应用程序。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据表格一中“The real magic of this app is that you can learn at your own pace. (这个应用程序的真正魔力在于，你可以按照自己的节奏学习)”和表格三的内容“This app allows you the flexibility to take your time on a course you purchase over the course of
37、several months, without worrying about recurring payments before you finish. (这个应用程序允许你在几个月的时间里灵活地花时间在你购买的课程上，而不必担心课程结束前的重复付款)”可知，Khan Academy和 Udemy应用程序可以让你按照自己的节奏学习。故选A。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据表格二中“After youve watched it, you can take a test to see how much youve learned.(看完之后，你可以做个测试，看看你学到了多少)”可知，BrainPOP
38、可以帮助评估你的学习成绩。故选B。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一个表格“Youll be invited to not only read new words，but to speak them. Youll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to communicate with a new portion of its inhabitants!(你不仅会被邀请读生词，而且要说。你将学习语法和会话策略。这个应用程序帮助你学会与新的用户沟通！) ”可知，Duolingo这款应用程序会
39、给用户提供英语口语练习。故选B。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Want to find an app that can help you learn? Here are some great ideas for you.(想找一个可以帮助你学习的应用程序吗？这里有一些好主意给你)”结合文章介绍了适合学习者的四款应用程序。可推知，这篇文章的目的是帮助找到合适的学习应用程序。故选C。CThe COVID-19 pandemic has spread far and wide. Because of this, countries around the world have implemen
40、ted containment measures(实施遏制措施) to help stop the virus in its tracks. As more and more people stay inside to stay safe, the outside world seems to have become much quieter. In fact, scientists have seen this change in their research, too.Seismologistsscientists who study earthquakes have heard less
41、 seismic noise recently. Seismic noise is made from vibrations in the ground that are caused by things like ocean waves and human activity, such as construction work and traffic. This noise makes it difficult for scientists to pick up seismic activity that is made at the same frequency.Thomas Lecocq
42、, a scientist at the Royal Observatory of Belgium, located in Brussels, was the first to notice this phenomenon.According to Lecocq, the amount of seismic noise in Brussels has been reduced by about 30 to 50 percent since mid-March. Interestingly enough, this is around the same time Belgium started
43、its containment measures.Because of this reduction in background noise, scientists like Lecocq have been able to pick up on smaller earthquakes that some seismic stationslike the one in Brusselswouldnt have been able to before.This phenomenon isnt unique to Brussels, though. Once Lecocq shared his f
44、indings online, seismologists from all over the world echoed similar findings.Celeste Labedz, a graduate student at the California Institute of Technology, mentioned in a tweet that Los Angeles also experienced less background noise.Researchers from the UK, France and New Zealand also noted a decrea
45、se in background noise since containment measures were put in place.These global efforts to contain the COVID-19 virus have helped to shed light on seismic activity that may have gone unnoticed. It also shows that people are listening to health officials and following lockdown guidelines.“From the s
46、eismological point of view, we can motivate people to say, You feel like youre alone at home, but we can tell you that everyone is home. Everyone is respecting the rules. Lecocq told CNN.19. What did seismologists find out recently?A. More smaller earthquakes are likely to happen.B. The amount of se
47、ismic noise has been reduced.C Seismic noise is caused by vibrations underground.D. Reduced seismic vibration makes Earth quieter.20. What can we learn from Paragraphs 4-8?A. More data on smaller earthquakes is being collected.B. More seismic noise is being picked up.C. Scientists will shift their f
48、ocus to smaller earthquakes.D. Future big earthquakes can be more accurately predicted. The underlined word “echoed” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to “_”.A. questionedB. demandedC. exploredD. repeated22. What can we conclude from the text?A. human activities cause more seismic noise than ocea
49、n waves.B. The drop in seismic noise is unique to Europe.C. The phenomenon proved that people are following the lockdown rules.D. Many seismologists wanted tighter restrictions for their research.【答案】19. B 20. A . D 22. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了地震学家在新冠疫情期间的一项新发现。即新冠疫情期间人们的居家措施使得地下背景噪音减少，进而使地震学家监测到了平时难
50、以监测到的微小地震活动。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Seismologistsscientists who study earthquakeshave heard less seismic noise recently. Seismic noise is made from vibrations in the ground that are caused by things like ocean waves and human activity, such as construction work and traffic.(最近地震研究人员听到的地震噪音减少了。地震噪音来自于海浪或人
51、类活动引起的地下震动)”可知，地震学家最近发现了地震噪音减少了。故选B项。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Because of this reduction in background noise, scientists like Lecocq have been able to pick up on smaller earthquakes that some seismic stationslike the one in Brusselswouldnt have been able to before.(由于背景噪音的减少，像Lecocq一样的科学家可以监测到一些小型地震活动。而地震监
52、测站之前是监测不到这些小型地震活动的)”以及第六段“This phenomenon isnt unique to Brussels, though. Once Lecocq shared his findings online, seismologists from all over the world echoed similar findings.(不过，这种现象并非布鲁塞尔独有。 当勒科克在网上分享了他的发现后，来自世界各地的地震学家都做出了类似的发现)”可推知，从第4-8段我们可以了解到更多关于小地震的数据正在被收集。故选A项。【题详解】词句猜测题。根据第六段“This phenome
53、non isnt unique to Brussels, though. Once Lecocq shared his findings online, seismologists from all over the world echoed similar findings.”可知，这种现象不只是发生在布鲁塞尔。Lecocq把他的发现发布到网上之后，世界各地的地震学家也提出了类似的发现。通过isnt unique to、similar可以推断echo这里是“附和，重复提出”的意思。A. questioned怀疑；B. demanded要求；C. explored探索；D. repeated重
54、复。故选D项。【22题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第二段“These global efforts to contain the COVID-19 virus have helped to shed light on seismic activity that may have gone unnoticed. It also shows that people are listening to health officials and following lockdown guidelines.(全球抗疫的努力使得我们关注到一些之前忽视掉的地质活动。这也表明人们在听从官方的安排指挥，在严格遵守居家
55、令)”以及最后一段也提到“Everyone is respecting the rules.(每个人都在遵照法令行事)”可知，这种现象证明，人们是在遵守禁闭规则。故选C项。DAs online learning becomes more common and more and more resources are converted to digital form, some people have suggested that public libraries should be shut down and, in their places，everyone should be given
56、an iPad with an e-reader subscription.Supporters of this idea state that it will save local cities and towns money because libraries are expensive to maintain. They also believe it will encourage more people to read because they wont have to travel to a library to get a book; they can simply click o
57、n what they want to read and read it from wherever they are.However, it would be a serious mistake to replace libraries with tablets. First, digital books and resources are associated with less learning and more problems than print resources. A study done on tablet vs book reading found people read
58、20-30% slower on tablets, retain 20% less information, and understand 10% less of what they read compared to people who read the same information in print.Second, it is incredibly narrow minded to assume that the only service libraries offer is book lending. Libraries have a multitude of benefits, a
59、nd many are only available if the library has a physical location. Some of these benefits include acting as a quiet study space, giving people a way to converse with their neighbors, holding classes on a variety of topics, providing jobs, answering patron questions, and keeping the community connect
60、ed. A survey conducted in 2015 found that nearly two-thirds of American adults feel that closing their local library would have a major impact on their community. People see libraries as a way to connect with others and get their questions answered, benefits tablets cant offer nearly as well or as e
61、asily.While replacing libraries with tablets may seem like a simple solution, it would encourage people to spend even more time looking at digital screens, despite the various issues surrounding them. It would also end access to many of the benefits of libraries that people have come to rely on. In
62、many areas, libraries are such an important part of the community network that they could never be replaced by a simple object.23. What can we learn from Paragraph 1and 2?A. Public libraries have disappeared.B. Public libraries are too expensive.C. People can learn on line.D. People can lean without
63、 teacher.24. According to the passage, the author probably agrees that _.A. its inefficient for readers to read on tabletsB. the only service libraries offer is book lendingC. public libraries should be replaced with digital devicesD. digital books and resources encourage people to spend more time r
64、eading25. The purpose of the passage is mainly to_.A. persuade people to use librariesB. emphasize the benefits of librariesC. encourage communities to build more librariesD. compare digital books and resources with real books26. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
65、I: Introduction CP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionA. B. C. D. 【答案】23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要议论了平板电脑无法代替图书馆这一论点。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“As online learning becomes more common and more and more resources are converted to digital form, some people have suggested
66、that public libraries should be shut down and, in their places，everyone should be given an iPad with an e-reader subscription.(随着在线学习变得越来越普遍，越来越多的资源被转换为数字形式，一些人建议公共图书馆应该关闭，在他们的地方，每个人都应该得到一个iPad和电子阅读器订阅)”以及第二段中“They also believe it will encourage more people to read because they wont have to travel t
67、o a library to get a book; they can simply click on what they want to read and read it from wherever they are.(他们还认为，这将鼓励更多的人阅读，因为他们不需要去图书馆买一本书; 他们可以简单地点击他们想要阅读的内容，然后在任何地方阅读)”可知，人们可以在线学习。故选C。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“A study done on tablet vs book reading found people read 20-30% slower on tablets, retain
68、20% less information, and understand 10% less of what they read compared to people who read the same information in print.(一项关于平板电脑与书籍阅读的研究发现，与纸质书相比，人们在平板电脑上阅读的速度要慢20-30%，记住的信息要少20%，理解的内容要少10%)”可判断，作者认为平板电脑阅读的效率比纸质书低。故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“In many areas, libraries are such an important part of the
69、 community network that they could never be replaced by a simple object.(在许多领域，图书馆是社区网络中重要的一部分，它们永远不会被一个简单的对象所取代)”及全文内容可推断，文章主要介绍了图书馆的优点及重要性。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“However, it would be a serious mistake to replace libraries with tablets.(然而，用平板电脑取代图书馆将是一个严重的错误)”可知，文章中心论点为平板电脑不能取代图书馆。根据第三段“First, dig
70、ital books and resources are associated with less learning and more problems than print resources.(首先，与印刷资源相比，数字书籍和资源与更少的学习和更多的问题相关)”可知，此处为文章的第一个要点。根据文章第四段“Second, it is incredibly narrow minded to assume that the only service libraries offer is book lending.(其次，如果认为图书馆提供的唯一服务就是借书，那就太狭隘了)”可知，作者提出了第二
71、个要点。文章第四段“Some of these benefits include acting as a quiet study space, giving people a way to converse with their neighbors, holding classes on a variety of topics, providing jobs, answering patron questions, and keeping the community connected.(这些好处包括充当一个安静的学习空间，让人们有机会与邻居交谈，举办各种主题的课程，提供就业机会，回答顾客的问
72、题，保持社区的联系)”及“People see libraries as a way to connect with others and get their questions answered, benefits tablets cant offer nearly as well or as easily.(人们将图书馆视为一种与他人联系并得到解答的方式，而平板电脑提供的好处远不及图书馆)”分别是第二个要点里的两个分要点。文章最后一段“In many areas, libraries are such an important part of the community network t
73、hat they could never be replaced by a simple object.(在许多领域，图书馆是社区网络中如此重要的一部分，它们永远不会被一个简单的对象所取代)”为总结。因此文章有一个中心论点，两个分论点，其中第二个分论点中有两个要点，最后总结。故选D项。第三部分 语言运用第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第27、28题各2分，第29题3分，第30题5分，共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have
74、known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep. However, whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic (新陈代谢的) health has been less clear, and the results
75、 of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and
76、 movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect how the worko
77、uts changed peoples metabolisms. Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the resea
78、rchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the be
79、nefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up wit
80、h our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of daybut only if we choose to keep doing it.”27. What inspired Professor Schrauwen to carry out the research related to the timing of workouts?28. What did Schrauwens new study figure out?29. Please decide whic
81、h part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.30. When do you think is the best time for you to exercise? Why?
82、 (about 40 words)【答案】27. The 2019 study. 28. For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon. 29. Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.According to the passage, Profess
83、or Schrauwen and his colleagues didnt collect any new data to do the research. They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment. 30. 略【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科学研究。文章通过研究两个患有糖尿病的男性在不同的运动时间下其新陈代谢的不同，来说明运动时间选择的重要性以及它对我们新陈代谢健康的影响，进一步说明我们应该适当的选好适合自己的锻炼时间，来改善身体状况。27题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“A
84、much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with in
85、terest.（2019年一项备受争议的研究发现，2型糖尿病患者在下午完成几分钟的高强度间歇训练后，两周后血糖控制得到了改善。营养和运动科学教授帕特里克施劳文饶有兴趣地阅读了2019年的这项研究。）”可知，是2019年的这项研究促使施劳文教授进行这项与锻炼时间有关的研究的，故答案为The 2019 study.【28题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.（他们发现下午锻炼的好处远远大于早晨锻炼的好处。）”以及第四段“
86、This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier.（这项研究确实表明，下午锻炼对代谢紊乱的人可能比早些时候做同样的锻炼更有益。）”可知，教授的新研究发现对于一些人来讲，在下午运动会更好，故答案为For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon.【29题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Inci
87、dentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health
88、. （顺便说一句，他和他的同事在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。几年前，他们曾要求患有2型糖尿病的高风险成年男性每周在实验室骑3次固定自行车，持续12周，而研究人员则跟踪他们的代谢健康状况。”）可知，Schrauwen教授和他的同事没有收集任何新的数据来做研究。他们利用了自己先前实验中现成的数据来源，故答案为Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different s
89、ubject groups.According to the passage, Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didnt collect any new data to do the research. They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.【30题详解】开放题。表述自己的观点并解释原因。注意字数控制在40词左右。第二节 选词填空 (共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，选择合适的词汇并使用恰当形式填
90、空。blacken rise up order surround quantity take rootFiremen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still _31_ from the warm ground over the desolate hill
91、s. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the _32_ villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities _33_ several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would g
92、row quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge _34_ by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already _35_. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of gr
93、een had begun to appear in the _36_ soil.【答案】31. rose up 32. surrounding 33. ordered 34. quantities 35. taken root 36. blackened【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了消防队员与森林大火搏斗了近三个星期才把火势控制住，在大火最后被扑灭时，森林管理当局订购了好几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽。一片片的绿草开始出现在这片烧焦的土地上，代替了多少世纪以来一直生长在那里的参天大树。【31题详解】考查固定短语。句意：现在，灼热的地面上仍然冒着烟，弥漫在荒凉的山丘上。根据后文f
94、rom the warm ground over the desolate hills以及句意“上升，冒出”可知应用短语rise up，结合上文可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填rose up。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：冬天就要来了，这些小山对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁，因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤，而且还会引起严重的洪水。修饰后文名词villages，表示“周围的”应用形容词surrounding，作定语。故填surrounding。【33题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在大火最后被扑灭时，森林管理当局订购了好几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽。结合后文several tons of a s
95、pecial type of grass-seed以及句意“订购”可知应填动词order，结合语境表示过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填ordered。【34题详解】考查固定短语。句意：飞机把这种种子大量地撒播在地上。结合句意表示“大量的”可知短语为in huge quantities。故填quantities。【35题详解】考查短语和时态。句意：然而，到那时，许多地方的草已经生了根。根据上文the grass had already以及句意“生根”可知应填短语take root，结合上文可知为过去完成时，故填taken root。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：一片片的绿草开始出现在这片烧焦
96、的土地上，代替了多少世纪以来一直生长在那里的参天大树。修饰后文名词soil，表示“烧焦的”应用形容词blackened，作定语。故填blackened。第三节 语法填空 (共9小题; 每小题1分，共9分)在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Elizabeth Blackwell fought for womens _37_ (right). In 1849, she became the first woman ever _38_ (receive) a medical degree in the USA. Later, Elizabeth
97、 _39_ (open) a hospital for poor people in New York City. She continued to work with people _40_ needed help until she died in 1910.Nelson Mandela is one of the _41_ (famous) people. He spent 27 years in prison for _42_ (fight) for the rights of black South Africans. After he came out of prison, he
98、became South Africas first black president and _43_ (award) the Nobel Prize in 1993. He retired in 1999 and then traveled around the world, meeting leaders and talking about problems like AIDS.Jane Goodall has spent _44_ (near) forty years studying animals in the national park of Gombe in Tanzania.
99、For many years, she has worked to protect animals and to change peoples opinions _45_ the environment.【答案】37. rights 38. to receive 39. opened 40. who#that 41. most famous 42. fighting 43. was awarded 44. nearly 45. about/on【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，介绍了世界上三个著名的人物：布莱克莱尔、曼德拉和古道尔的故事。【37题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：布莱克莱尔伊丽莎白为女
100、性的权利而斗争。分析句子可知right在句中意为“权利”，前没有表示单数的冠词和量词，应该为复数形式。故填rights。【38题详解】考查不定式。句意：1849年，她成为了美国第一个获得医学学位的女士。分析句子可知receive a medical degree“获得医学学位”在句中作定语修饰the first woman ever“第一位女士”。当名词前有序数词修饰时，通常用不定式做后置定语，故receive 用不定式形式。故填 to receive。【39题详解】考查时态。后来，伊丽莎白在纽约市为穷人开了一家医院。分析句子可知open“开”在句中做谓语，且开办医院这一动作发生在过去，故用一
101、般过去时。故填opened。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：直到1910年离世，她一直持续为帮助那些需要帮助的人而工作。分析句子可知people名词“人们”后接定语从句_ needed help“需要帮助的人”，且在句中做主语，用who/that指代。故填who/that。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：纳尔逊曼德拉是最著名的人之一。因为结构one of the+ 形容词最高级+名词复数的结构中形容词用最高级，表示最.的.之一，即曼德拉很著名，是最著名的人之一。故填most famous。【42题详解】考查动名词。句意：为了为南非黑人的权利做斗争，他在监狱里呆了27年。分析句子结构，介词for后
102、用动名词形式作宾语。故填fighting。【43题详解】考查时态语态。句意：出狱之后，他成为南非第一任黑人总统并且于1993年被授予诺贝尔和平奖。分析句子结构可知，本句为一般过去时时，he“曼德拉”和award“授予”之间是被动的关系，即曼德拉被组委会授予和平奖，故使用被动形式；且本句中award和became构成并列谓语，即用was done的结构。故填was awarded。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：简古道尔花了大概四十年时间在坦桑尼亚的贡贝国家公园研究动物。分析句子可知near“大约”在句中修饰spend“花费”，即对所花时间做大致的推测。修饰动词要用副词形式。故填nearly。【4
103、5题详解】考查介词。句意：很多年她都致力于保护动物，并且去改变人们对待环境看法。分析句子可知使用opinions about/on sth表示“关于.看法”。故填about/on。第四节 完成句子（请根据括号内提示完成句子，每题2分，共8分）46. 在老师的帮助下，我在英语学习方面取得了显著的进步。（with the help of)【答案】With the help of the teacher, I have made remarkable progress in English learning.【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态。分析句子可知，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作要用动词完
104、成时态。主语为I，谓语动词为have made，宾语为remarkable progress。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为With the help of the teacher, I have made remarkable progress in English learning.47. 尽管实验几次都失败了，他们仍毫不气馁地继续进行。（despite)【答案】They continued to conduct their experiments without giving up, despite numerous failures.【解析】【详解】考查despite做介词用法。分析句子
105、可知，介词后面加名词或者动名词，所以失败这里用名词形式failures，主语为they，谓语为continue to conduct，宾语为experiments。根据其他汉语提示，句子翻译为They continued to conduct their experiments without giving up, despite numerous failures.48. 上周我们拜访了李教授，从他那里我们学到了很多中医知识。（定语从句）（汉译英）【答案】Last week we visited Professor Li, from whom we got much knowledge of
106、 Chinese medicine.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句和时态。表示“上周”短语为last week；主句主语为we，表示“拜访”应用动词visit，此处用一般过去时；“李教授”翻译为Professor Li，后跟“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Professor Li，表示“从那里”应用介词from；从句主语为we；表示“学到了很多中医知识”翻译为get much knowledge of Chinese medicine。句子用一般过去时。故翻译为Last week we visited Professor Li, from whom we got much
107、 knowledge of Chinese medicine.49. 我们分享节水的一些方法，这提高了人们的节水意识。（raise awareness, 定语从句）（汉译英）【答案】We shared ways of saving water, which raised peoples awareness of saving water.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句和时态。此处主句主语为we，表示“分享节水的一些方法”短语为share ways of saving water，此处用一般过去时；后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，表示“提高了人们的节水意识”短语为ra
108、ise peoples awareness of saving water，从句用一般过去时。故翻译为We shared ways of saving water, which raised peoples awareness of saving water.第五节 写作（15分）50. 阅读以下文章，并撰写文章的概要。The famous classical pianist, Kong Xiangdong, surprised his fans last week by giving a concert combining classical music with Chinese folk
109、music. Kong explained that he tried this because he wanted to create something new. As a musician, playing the same music in different cities of the world is very boring, says Kong. He also feels that playing Chinese folk music on the piano can help bring it to the rest of the world.Music has always
110、 been part of Kongs world. As his mother was a great music lover, he lived with music from birth. But it wasnt always easy for the young Kong Xiangdong. His mother couldnt buy him a piano until he was seven. She had to draw piano keys on a piece of paper so that he could learn to play as early as po
111、ssible. The 5-year-old Kong would practice on the paper piano as his mother clapped the rhythm. He was made to practice the piano so much that, at times, he thought about giving up. However, he didnt quit, and he became a great pianist. In 1986,at the age of 18,he became the youngest prize winner in
112、 Moscows Tchaikovsky International Competition. He went on to win awards in competitions across the world.Because of Kongs talent and hard work, he became famous worldwide. But after years of performing, he felt that in some ways he had lost his identity. This is why he went back to his roots and re
113、discovered the beauty in Chinese folk music. He began experimenting with different styles and his Dream Tour Concert is the result.Kongs new experiment in Chinese folk music is so important to him that he even changed his appearance. When he arrived at his concert last week, he had shaved off all hi
114、s hair! Since his music style was new, he decided his hairstyle had to be new too!Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music, he is a pioneer in music today. The concert last week was such a success that Kongs Dream Tour Concert is expected to run for the next two years in Bei
115、jing, Shanghai, and other main cities before going to Paris and New York.【答案】Kong xiangdong, a classical pianist performed the classical music combined with Chinese folk music in his concert in order to bring Chinese folk music to the whole world. (para.1) Influenced by his mom, Kong xiangdong learn
116、ed to play the piano from an early age but his way to success is not an easy one. Due to his talent and great efforts, he became renowned worldwide by winning many great awards in competitions.(para.2)Years of performing classical music make him lose his own root and identity, so he turned to Chines
117、e folk music. (para.3&4) Kong xiangdong is regarded as the pioneer in music for his new experiments with different music styles.(para.5)【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。【详解】写作步骤1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章主要介绍了古典钢琴家孔向东在他的音乐会上表演了古典音乐与中国民族音乐的结合，目的是把中国民族音乐带到全世界。在母亲的影响下，孔祥东从小就学会了弹钢琴，但他的成功之路并不容易。由于他的才华和努力，他在比赛中赢得了许多大奖，蜚声世
118、界。多年的古典音乐表演让他失去了自己的根基和身份，于是他转向了中国的民族音乐。孔祥东尝试了不同的音乐风格，被认为是音乐的先驱。2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
