1、北京市平谷区2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题英语第一部分知识运用（共两节，共30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was just about this time last year that my wife announced that she was no longer going to cut our lawn (草坪); instead, she wanted to let it go wild.In fact, I did not acce
2、pt her announcement. First, I could cut the lawn myself, something I hadnt done for years and was unwilling to do. Second, I could try to hire a _1_to do it but the teenagers here didnt seem exactly the type of people to be interested in_2_lawns. Third, I could acquiesce(勉强同意) to her suggestion.Putt
3、ing aside my pride and kissing goodbye to any hope of winning the first place in the shortest cut lawn competition, I drained (抽干) the oil in our lawn mower, pushed it into a corner and_3_it with a plastic cloth. I hope that once the lawn began to look too high, my wife would_4_her decision. By the
4、end of the third week of her “not work”, things were not working out as planned. The grass of the lawn was almost a foot in_5_, and the neighbors were beginning to_6_. “ Hey Mike, whats the matter? Is your lawn mower on strike?” one_7_ joked. I replied, “No, the lawn mower isnt. My wife is stopping
5、working.” After six weeks, the lawn had begun to _8_ a wild look, the sort of look that an old house has. But like a_9_haircut that turns out to be great once it grows, by the end of spring our lawn was beginning to show signs of real promise.When in summer, people were stopping to look at the “jung
6、le”. They stopped to admire the island of green. The once lifeless yard was filled with birds hunting for the bugs that now crawled on the moist ground. The_10_ of the birds filled the air from dawn to dusk. Many a night we lay in bed listening with pleasure to the birds chattering about their days
7、events.1. A. teenagerB. driverC. workerD. cleaner2. A. sowingB. cuttingC. growingD. treating3. A. changedB. pickedC. coveredD. colored4. A. recallB. retellC. rewriteD. reconsider5. A. widthB. weightC. heightD. depth6. A. enjoyB. noticeC. forgiveD. argue7. A. colleagueB. relativeC. classmateD. neighb
8、or8. A. take onB. put onC. go onD. bring on9. A. fashionableB. badC. goodD. broken10. A. songsB. screamC. voiceD. noises【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。“我”的妻子决定不再修剪草坪，任由它生长。“我”在挣扎后也放弃了修剪草坪。但是草坪却在之后呈现出了另一种生机盎然的景象。【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，我可以试着雇佣一个青少年来做这件事，但这里的青少年似乎不是
9、那种对修剪草坪感兴趣的人。A.teenager青少年；B.driver司机；C.worker工人；D.cleaner清洁工。根据后文“ but the teenagers here didnt seem exactly the type of people to be interested in cutting lawns”可知，此处是指“我”想要雇佣一个青少年来做这件事。故选A。2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：其次，我可以试着雇佣一个青少年来做这件事，但这里的青少年似乎不是那种对修剪草坪感兴趣的人。A.sowing播种；B.cutting修剪；C.growing成长；D.treating治疗。根
10、据前文“It was just about this time last year that my wife announced that she was no longer going to cut our lawn”（就在去年的这个时候，我妻子宣布她不再给我们修剪草坪了）可知，这件事是指修剪草坪。故选B。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把自尊放在一边，跟在最短剪草坪比赛中获得第一名的希望说再见，把我们的割草机里的油抽干，把它推到角落里，用塑料布盖住它。A.changed改变； B.picked拾起；C.covered覆盖；D.colored涂色。根据“pushed it into a cor
11、ner”和“with a plastic cloth”可知，此处是指不再使用割草机，用塑料布盖住它。故选C。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望一旦草坪看起来太高了，我妻子会重新考虑她的决定。A.recall回忆；B.retell重述；C.rewrite重写；D.reconsider重新考虑。根据前文“It was just about this time last year that my wife announced that she was no longer going to cut our lawn (草坪); instead, she wanted to let it go wild
12、.”（就在去年的这个时候，我妻子宣布她不再修剪我们的草坪：相反，她想让它狂野起来。）可知，此处的决定是指她不再修剪我们的草坪，而“我”希望草坪真的狂野起来的时候，妻子会改变想法，再次修剪草坪。所以此处是指妻子会重新考虑她的决定。故选D。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：草坪的草几乎有一英尺高，邻居们开始注意到。A.width宽度；B.weight重量；C.height高度；D.depth深度。根据“The grass of the lawn was almost a foot”可知，此处是指草的高度到了几乎一英尺。故选C。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：草坪的草几乎有一英尺高，邻居们开始注意到。A.en
13、joy享受；B.notice注意；C.forgive原谅；D.argue争吵。根据“Hey Mike, whats the matter? Is your lawn mower on strike?”（嘿，迈克，怎么了？你的割草机在罢工吗？）可知，此处是指邻居们注意到了草坪的疯长。故选B。7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“嘿，迈克，怎么了？你的割草机在罢工吗？”一个邻居开玩笑说。A.colleague同事；B.relative亲戚；C.classmate同学；D.neighbor邻居。根据“the neighbors were beginning to notice.”可知，此处是指一个邻居开玩笑
14、说的话。故选D。8.考查动词短语辨析。句意：六周后，草坪开始呈现出一种荒凉的景象，有点像一座老房子的样子。A.take on呈现；B.put on穿上；C.go on继续；D.bring on导致。根据“After six weeks”和“the sort of look that an old house has”可知，此处是指随着时间越来越长，草坪开始呈现出一种荒凉的景象。故选A。9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，就像一个糟糕的发型，一旦长出来却变的很好一样，到了春末，我们的草坪开始显示出真正有希望的迹象。A.fashionable流行的； B.bad糟糕的； C.good良好的；D.b
15、roken被破坏的。根据“the lawn had begun to take on a wild look”可知，此处是把草坪的荒凉景象比喻成糟糕的发型。故选B。10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的歌声从黎明一直唱到黄昏。A.songs歌声； B.scream尖叫； C.voice嗓音；D.noises噪音。根据“Many a night we lay in bed listening with pleasure to the birds chattering about their days events.”（很多个夜晚，我们都躺在床上，愉快地听着鸟儿叽叽喳喳地说着白天发生的事。）可知，此
16、处是指鸟儿的歌声从黎明一直唱到黄昏。故选A。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。If you want to get fit, make friends with people _11_ enjoy exercising. It may be the best way to stay in shape because _12_ (go) to the gym is infectious (有传染性的), scientists claim. Stayi
17、ng physically active with someone else inspires you to run faster and further, according to the first study of its kind. But its bad news for men as the technique only works for women because they _13_ (encourage) by each other. And another study found happiness spreads through social groups, and th
18、e closer you are to someone with a sunny character, the more likely you are to be happy as well.【答案】11. who/that 12. going 13. are encouraged【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新发现，和喜欢锻炼的人交朋友有助于你健身，因为可以相互鼓励。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你想要健身，和喜欢锻炼的人交朋友。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为people，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who或that引导从句。故填who
19、/that。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家称，这可能是保持身材的最佳方法，因为去健身房是有传染性的。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词，故应用go的非谓语动词形式，“go to the gym”意为“去健身房”，为动词短语，在句中作主语，故应用go的动名词形式going。故填going。【13题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：但这对男性来说是个坏消息，因为这个技巧只对女性有效，因为她们相互鼓励。分析句子可知，句子为because引导的原因状语从句，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语they与encourage之间为被动关系，即她们被鼓励，故应用一般
20、现在时的被动语态，主语they与are连用，encourage意为“鼓励”，动词词性，过去分词为encouraged。故填are encouraged。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Failures always come before success. You need only to look at history to see that countless failures always come before success. The worlds most outstanding inve
21、ntors didnt succeed the first time. Neither did famous architects, engineers, designers, painters, photographers, chefs, politicians, and so on. They_14_(fall), got injured and went on to design, create and found something better,_15_(strong), more memorable and valuable. For them, failure wasnt the
22、 end, _16_ the beginning of a journey to success. It gives you a starting point to move on.【答案】14. fell 15. stronger 16. but【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为失败是成功之母。【14题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：他们摔倒了，受伤了，然后继续设计，创造，并发现了更好，更强大，更难忘和更有价值的东西。根据“got injured and went on to design”可知，应用一般过去时。故填fell。【15题详解】考查比较级。句意：他们摔倒了，受伤了，然后继续设计，创造，
23、并发现了更好，更强大，更难忘和更有价值的东西。根据“found something better. more memorable and valuable”可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填stronger。【16题详解】考查关联词。句意：对他们来说，失败不是终点，而是成功之路的开始。not.but.意为“不是而是”，为固定句式。故填but。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The Burning Man Festival is a special activity_17_(found) by the o
24、rganization “Black Rock City”. The festival first_18_(start) out as a celebration in 1986. The yearly event draws thousands of people from the community, during which people are able to express themselves in grand, joyful ways. For a week, attendees(出席者) will participate in a number of _19_(activity
25、). Each year the festival chooses a different theme. Various events and shows will take place and there also will be plenty of camps for attendees. The Burning Man Festival aims_20_(cheer) the human spirit, deal with social problems and inspire a sense of culture and community.【答案】17. founded 18. st
26、arted 19. activities 20. to cheer【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对“火人节”进行了介绍。【17题详解】考查过去分词。句意：“火人节”是由“黑岩城”组织发起的一项特殊活动。动词found（建立）和逻辑主语a special activity构成被动关系，且动作已完成。所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填founded。【18题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：这个节日最初是在1986年作为一种庆祝活动开始的。根据in 1986可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填started。19题详解】考查名词复数。句意：在一周的时间里，与会者将参加一系列的活动。a number of后应用可数
27、名词复数。故填activities。【20题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：火人节旨在弘扬人类精神，解决社会问题，激发文化和社区意识。aim to do意为“旨在做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to cheer。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIf youre looking to buy cheap theater tickets, then youve come to the right place! Whether it be on Broadway (百老汇),
28、 or a show at your local theater, here at Sizzling Tickets weve got some great deals for you!Aladdin the MusicalRun Time: 2 hours and 15 minutes, including one intermission (幕间休息) of 15 minutesAudience: All agesThis musical comedy provides generous family entertainment with lively dance routines and
29、 constant action. Well-loved songs such as A Whole New World and Prince Ali will have members of the audience singing along. This timeless story and its beauty, energy and magic will take your breath away.Lion King the MusicalRun Time: 2 hours and 45minutes, including one intermission of 15 minutesA
30、udience: All agesThe Lion King musical was first staged on Broadway in 1997, when it achieved great success. In fact, the Lion King musical has won several awards over the years for the way that this popular story has been displayed and the cartoon characters really come to life in a very exciting w
31、ay when they reach the stage.The Book of MormonRun Time: 2 hours and 30 minutes, including one 15-minute intermissionAudience: Young teens and olderWinner of nine Tony Awards, including Best Musical and many other awards, the Book of Mormon is entertaining from start to finish and looks set to stay
32、on Broadway in the near future.Phantom of the OperaRun Time: 2 hours and 30 minutes, including one intermission of 15 minutesAudience: All agesThe box office revenue (票房收入) for this show is higher than for any other movie or stage production. Some people love it so much that they have seen it twice,
33、 perhaps even again and again. The opera has been playing continuously at Her Majestys Theatre in London since its first performance in 1986. And its not just audiences that love the show. Phantom has won many awards, including Olivier Awards and Tony Awards.21. If you want to see a play longer than
34、 2 hours and 30minutes, you can choose_.A. Aladdin the MusicalB. Lion King the MusicalC. The Book of MormonD. Phantom of the Opera22. The Book of Mormon_.A. is suitable for all agesB. will not be played on Broadway in the futureC. has won a lot of awardsD. is telling an unhappy story23. What do we k
35、now about the Phantom of the Opera from the text?A. Its box office revenue was the highest in 1986.B. It was first staged on Broadway.C. It has won two awards.D. It is worth seeing again and again.【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个精彩的戏剧演出，包括演出的内容和时长等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Lion King the Musical
36、”部分关键句“Run Time: 2 hours and 45minutes, including one intermission of 15 minutes”（运行时间：2小时45分钟，包括一次15分钟的幕间休息）可知，“Lion King the Musical”的演出时间为2小时45分钟，由此可知，如果你想观看超过2小时30分钟的戏剧，你可以选择“Lion King the Musical”。故选B项。22题详解】细节理解题。根据“The Book of Mormon”部分关键句“Winner of nine Tony Awards, including Best Musical an
37、d many other awards, the Book of Mormon is entertaining from start to finish and looks set to stay on Broadway in the near future.”（“The Book of Mormon”获得了九项托尼奖，包括最佳音乐剧奖和许多其他奖项，这部戏剧从头到尾都很有娱乐性，在不久的将来，它将继续留在百老汇。）可知，“The Book of Mormon”获得了九项托尼奖，包括最佳音乐剧奖和许多其他奖项，由此可知，“The Book of Mormon”赢得了很多奖项。故选C项。【23题
38、详解】细节理解题。根据“Phantom of the Opera”部分关键句“The box office revenue (票房收入) for this show is higher than for any other movie or stage production. Some people love it so much that they have seen it twice, perhaps even again and again.”（该剧的票房收入高于其他任何电影或舞台作品。有些人非常喜欢它，以至于他们已经看过两次了，甚至可能一次又一次。）可知，“Phantom of the
39、 Opera”很受人们欢迎，票房收入高于其他任何电影或舞台作品，有些人甚至一次又一次观看这部戏剧。由此可知，“Phantom of the Opera”值得一看再看。故选D项。BDespite the fact that motherhood has not been easy, Maxi Aubi believes that her son, Gianluca, has taught her much.Gianluca was born 13 years ago with Angelman Syndrome(天使综合症), a genetic disease. Maxi was never
40、afraid about the fact that she did not know what this condition was about. She had to get out there and face the music. “When he was a newborn baby, he used to cry all day long. He wouldnt eat or sleep. It was an endless cycle. We ran some tests and doctors told us his progress depended on us. But i
41、t was clear that something was wrong with him. So we visited several doctors and ran some other tests until he was five,” she explains.Despite all of this Maxi designed a treatment plan for Gianluca. It did not matter what he was suffering from; she believed love was the “medicine” that could cure h
42、im. She formed a group of ten people of different ages outside her family who were willing to help Gianlucas development. These people would come to her house in shifts from 9 AM to 7 PM with only one goal: to show Gianluca that he could achieve whatever he wanted. “We started encouraging him with g
43、ames. During those two or three years, he learnt how to walk and he made huge progress,” she remembers.Learning about her childs diagnosis(诊断) was a starting point for Maxi. To help relieve the pain of parents whose children suffered from the same condition, she created the Association for Parents c
44、oping with Angelman Syndrome (APSA) which currently has about a hundred families. Living with these children is very enriching. This is why the association is not only working to provide support and guidance for the families of children with this condition; it also wants to tell people that they can
45、 also learn from these children. “We want them to come and experience what we learnt from our children,” she says.24. What does the underlined phrase “face the music” in the second paragraph probably mean?A. Enjoy the music.B. Accept the situation.C. Finish ones work.D. Share the burden.25. How did
46、Maxi Aubi react to her sons illness?A. She was afraid.B. She felt helpless.C. She cried a lot about her sons suffering.D. She made a treatment plan for her son.26. The ten people in the group_.A. visited Maxis house to look after Gianluca in turnB. were Maxis relatives and friendsC. helped Gianluca
47、to design a study planD. were doctors contributing to the treatment of rare diseases27. What can we learn about Gianluca from the text?A. He complained his mother a lot about Angelman Syndrome.B. He liked playing games with people.C. He made great progress because of love.D. He ate and slept well wh
48、en he was a baby.【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。吉安卢卡天生患有天使综合症，母亲为他制定了治疗计划。在大家的爱护下，他取得了很大进步。【24题详解】短语猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Maxi was never afraid about the fact that she did not know what this condition was about. ”（马克西从不担心她不知道这种情况是怎么回事。）可知，此处是指她可以勇敢地接受事实。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Despite all of this,
49、Maxi designed a treatment plan for Gianluca.”（尽管如此，马克西还是为吉安卢卡设计了一个治疗方案。）可知，马克西面对儿子的病情为他制定了一个治疗方案。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“These people would come to her house in shifts from 9 AM to 7 PM with only one goal: to show Gianluca that he could achieve whatever he wanted.”（这些人从早上9点到晚上7点轮班到她家里，只有一个目标:向吉安卢卡
50、展示，他可以实现任何他想要的。）可知，小组里的十个人轮流去照顾吉安卢卡。故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“We started encouraging him with games. During those two or three years, he learnt how to walk and he made huge progress”（我们开始用游戏鼓励他。在那两三年中，他学会了走路，进步很大。）可知，在妈妈和志愿者的爱里，吉安卢卡取得了很大进步。故选C。CIn “Social Robots for Education”, a study published la
51、st August in Science Robotics, the summary is: “Social robots can be used in education as private teachers or peer learners. They have been shown to be effective in increasing cognitive（认知的） and emotional results and have achieved results similar to those of human teaching on some tasks. This is lar
52、gely because of their physical presence, which traditional learning technologies lack.”The study showed a few reasons why educational robots are becoming a teaching fashion. Firstly, they can help cut school budgets. Secondly, teachers seem at a loss as there are growing numbers of students per clas
53、sroom. Besides, educational robots can meet the demand for greater personalization of students. Instead of just seating students in front of a computer screen with software to teach them，many teachers can choose a more interactive（互动的） educational experience through robots.“Robots are an ideal choic
54、e when the material to be taught requires direct physical presentation. For example, teaching physical skills, such as handwriting or basketball free throws, the study expressed. But, dont expect Siri or Alexa to replace real teachers right away.“Although robots can operate independently in certain
55、contexts, fully autonomous social teaching behavior in all environments remains difficult to achieve,” the study said. “Although automatic speech recognition and social signal processing have improved in recent years, speech recognition for younger users, for example, is still not strong enough for
56、most interactions.”Robots are already used for science, technology, engineering and math, which is called STEM education. “More and more educational robots are being developed because theyve been largely effective in teaching users topics like computer programming, AI and engineering, in a handson,
57、engaging way,” said Maria Jung, product public relations manager at DJI, developer of the RoboMaster S1.She said the Rob Master educational robot was created with the purpose of benefiting middle to high school students learning, both inside and outside of the classroom. It helps students become fam
58、iliar with the basics of robotics through simple controls.“The main functions of an educational robot are to provide an opportunity to see lessons come to life, educate users in an interesting way and provide an on going stream of learning with new content,” she added.28. According to the passage, w
59、hat can we know about educational robots?A. They keep students learning in front of a computer screen.B. They can be fully independent in recognizing speech.C. They can carry out autonomous social teaching wherever possible.D. They provide a more interactive educational experience for students and t
60、eachers.29. What will the class look like with educational robots help?A. Teachers wont be needed anymore.B. More subjects can be taught in an effective way.C. Students will be disturbed by the educational robots.D. Students can have free communication with the robots.30. What is the authors attitud
61、e towards the introduction of the educational robots?A. DoubtfulB. DisapprovingC. ObjectiveD. Supportive【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对教育机器人在课堂上的应用进行了详细说明。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第五句“ Instead of just seating students in front of a computer screen with software to teach them，many teachers can choose a
62、 more interactive（互动的） educational experience through robots.”（许多教师不再只是让学生坐在装有软件的电脑屏幕前进行教学，而是可以通过机器人选择一种更具互动性的教学体验。）可知，教育机器人为学生和教师提供了一个更具互动性的教育体验。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“More and more educational robots are being developed because theyve been largely effective in teaching users topics like compute
63、r programming, AI and engineering”（越来越多的教育机器人被开发出来，因为它们在教授用户计算机编程、人工智能和工程等主题方面非常有效）可知，在教育机器人的帮助下的课堂上，更多的科目可以用一种有效的方式教授。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。文章中并未提到作者对教育机器人的态度，所以作者对此的态度非常客观。故选C。DClimate change is threatening our future as more and more greenhouse gases like CO2 are gathering in the atmosphere and heatin
64、g up the planet. To fight the problem, both scientists and economists have suggested some good solutions. It turns out that whales, animals weve hunted to near extinction, are excellent at taking away CO2.Whales remove CO2 from the air in two ways. First, they move nutrients(营养物) from their feeding
65、areas deep in the ocean back to the surface, where they release them in their waste. Those nutrients aid the growth of phytoplankton(浮游植物), which, like other plants, takes away CO2 from the air. Second, whales themselves collect CO2 in their bodies when they eat other animals. The total amount of th
66、e gas adds up to about 33 tons over a whales lifetime. When whales die, they take away all that CO2 with them down to the ocean floor.Saving the whales could also be more cost effective than planting trees. Financial experts say that one whale, taking away CO2 and tour value, would be worth about US
67、$2 million over its lifetime. Compare this to the high costs needed to plant and keep forests for removing CO2, and youll see why whales might be an effective solution.At one time, millions of whales swam the worlds oceans. Unluckily, commercial whaling between the 1600s and the mid-1900s brought ma
68、ny whale species close to extinction.Starting in the 1970s, careful management of whaling began. Many species are recovering, but the giant animals still face major threats. One threat is continued hunting despite international regulation. For example, in Japan, “scientific” kills are carried outoft
69、en an excuse to get whale meat, which is considered delicious food. Public outcry has pressured many countries to limit or end whaling, and experts believe a new way to make money from whaleswhale watchingwill also be effective. However, another is more difficult to solvepollution. Whales are affect
70、ed by pollution from chemicals, noise, and the huge amounts of plastic and garbage that end up in the oceans.These giants of the sea are important to the future health of our planet. If whale populations increased to where they were before commercial whaling, whales could remove an estimated 1.7 bil
71、lion tons of CO2 per year. It might be an impossible dream, but its one definitely worth fighting for.31. Which of the following is NOT true about how whales remove carbon from the air?A. They move nutrients from deep in the ocean to the surface.B. Many species of whales dont release CO2.C. Whales c
72、ollect CO2 in their bodies through the food they eat.D. When whales die, the collected CO2 remains in their bodies.32. What is the financial value of a whale compared to?A. The commercial hunting of ocean animals.B. The financial value of ocean tourism.C. The high costs of tree planting and forest p
73、rotecting.D. The ability of phytoplankton to remove CO2 from the air.33. According to the passage, what threat is the harder to solve now?A. Pollution.B. Scientific kills.C. Whale watching.D. Continued hutting.34. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To analyse the benefits whales bring.B. To
74、explain why whales are endangered.C. To evaluate the effect of commercial whaling.D. To call on people to save whales so as to protect the world.【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鲸鱼在吸收二氧化碳方面非常出色，人类应该停止猎杀和污染，保护这些濒危动物。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“First, they move nutrients(营养物) from their feeding area
75、s deep in the ocean back to the surface, where they release them in their waste. ”（首先，它们把营养物质从海洋深处的觅食区搬回海面，然后在那里把营养物质通过排泄物释放出来）可知，选项A正确，排除选项A；根据第二段“ Second, whales themselves collect CO2 in their bodies when they eat other animals.”（第二，鲸鱼在吃其他动物的时候也会把二氧化碳吸入体内）可知，选项C正确，排除选项C；根据第二段“When whales die, the
76、y take away all that CO2 with them down to the ocean floor.”（当鲸鱼死亡时，它们把所有的二氧化碳都带到了海底）可知，选项D正确，排除选项D。文中并未提及选项B（许多种类的鲸鱼不释放二氧化碳），所以选项B错误。故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Compare this to the high costs needed to plant and keep forests for removing CO2, and youll see why whales might be an effective solution.”（与种植
77、和保护森林以去除二氧化碳所需的高昂成本相比，你就会明白为什么鲸鱼可能是一个有效的解决方案）可知，与植树造林和森林保护的高成本相比，鲸鱼更具经济价值。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒第二段“However, another is more difficult to solvepollution. ”（然而，另一个问题更难解决污染）可知，污染带来的威胁更难解决。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Climate change is threatening our future as more and more greenhouse gases like CO2 are gathe
78、ring in the atmosphere and heating up the planet. ”（气候变化正威胁着我们的未来，因为越来越多的温室气体，比如二氧化碳，正在聚集在大气中，使地球升温）以及“It turns out that whales, animals weve hunted to near extinction, are excellent at taking away CO2.”（事实证明，鲸鱼，这种被我们猎杀到几近灭绝的动物，非常善于吸收二氧化碳）可知，文章介绍了鲸鱼在吸收二氧化碳方面非常出色，目的是呼吁人们停止猎杀和污染，保护这些濒危动物就是保护人类自己，故选D。第
79、二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Its nearly closing time on a Monday night at a downtown Manhattan supermarket. We can see a worker beginning filling black bags with the days trash, such as last weeks fruit and vegetables._35_ Within less than 30 minutes they excitedly
80、leave the supermarket, each carry at least one bag filled with food._36_They are freegans(反消费主义者), who refuse wasteful consumer culture by living almost on what others throw away. _37_And the United Nations says the food that America throws away could satisfy every single empty stomach in Africa. Mo
81、st food that is thrown away is less than perfect products. _38_Supermarkets cant sell milk tagged with yesterdays use by date which many of us define as a products expiration date(保质期), but in fact refers to its period of peak flavor. _39_“It s amazing what you can find in it,” she says. Mary once f
82、ound half gallons of milk and lemonade, both unopened, and bread that only an hour earlier was for sale. “I also found one pound bags of coffee beans just thrown away outside a store with the trash,” she says.A. These people are neither homeless nor poor.B. Freegans, like 24-year-old Mary MonDragon,
83、 live on food that is thrown away.C. Just then, some people begin searching for food from the small mountains of trash.D. Most freegans have a miserable life.E. Who hasnt thrown away a dozen of egg after just discovering a broken one?F. What do freegans live on?G. They seldom go hungry thanks to the
84、 large amount of food Americans throw away every day.【答案】35. C 36. A 37. G 38. E 39. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多人靠美国人扔掉的食物生活，这种人被称为“反消费主义者”。【35题详解】根据后文“Within less than 30 minutes, they excitedly leave the supermarket, each carry at least one bag filled with food.”（不到30分钟，他们就兴奋地离开了超市，每人至少带着一袋食品。）可知，此处是讲一些人
85、开始搜寻食品，没有多久他们就满载而归。所以选项C（就在那时，一些人开始从堆积如山的垃圾中寻找食物。）切合文意。故选C。【36题详解】根据后文“They are freegans(反消费主义者), who refuse wasteful consumer culture by living almost on what others throw away.”（他们是免费主义者，拒绝浪费的消费文化，几乎靠别人扔掉的东西生活。）可知，此处是介绍这些人的身份。所以选项A（这些人既不是无家可归，也不是穷人。）切合文意。故选A。【37题详解】根据前文“And the United Nations says
86、 the food that America throws away could satisfy every single empty stomach in Africa.”（联合国表示，美国扔掉的食物可以满足非洲每一个人的饥肠辘辘。）可知，此处是指美国人扔掉的食物可以喂饱很多人，所以选项G（由于美国人每天扔掉大量的食物，他们很少挨饿。）切合文意。故选G。【38题详解】根据前文“Most food that is thrown away is less than perfect products. ”（大多数被扔掉的食物都不是完美的产品。）可知，选项E（谁没有在发现一个破鸡蛋后扔掉一打鸡蛋呢?
87、）中提到的因为一个破鸡蛋而被扔掉的一打鸡蛋属于不完美产品，所以切合文意。故选E。【39题详解】根据后文“Mary once found half gallons of milk and lemonade, both unopened, and bread that only an hour earlier was for sale. ”（有一次，玛丽发现了半加仑牛奶和柠檬水，都没开封，还有一小时前还在出售的面包。）可知，选项B（免费素食者，比如24岁的玛丽蒙德拉贡，靠扔掉的食物生活。）切合文意。故选B。第三部分书面表达（共两节，共32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题,第40、41题各2分，第42题
88、3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。An American woman, Missy Armstrong, has made a life changing decision to make her dying best friends last wish come true by adopting (收养) her three young children.Sara is 36 years old. Her husband died and now she is in the final stages of a serious illness and is n
89、ot expected to make it to Christmas. “She said she can deal with the fact that shes dying, but she cant deal with the fact that her kids will be separated,” her best friend, Missy Armstrong, said. The two women have been friends for over a decade after first meeting in 1999 while at the same school.
90、 Taking their friendship a step further, Missy, 42, who is already a mother to two of her own children, adopted Saras three young children, 11-year-old Cayden, nine-year-old Micah and eight-year-old Amara.As Missy prepared to take on the huge task, one of her longtime friends, Rhonda DeBruyn, lent h
91、er a helping hand. Rhonda posted a message on a Facebook page asking for gifts to be donated so the growing family can have a great holiday. Since posting the message, donations have been pouring in for the family. “Missy is a kind friend and person. Ive known her for 11 years and she has never been
92、 anything less than what you see. This doesnt surprise me that she stepped in. Missy and Saras friendship is one of a kind. A friend in need is a friend indeed.” said Rhonda.“Missy now lives in a three bedroom home, which is not large enough for the growing family. She needs to gain more support to
93、buy a five bedroom house,” Rhonda said in a Facebook post. “Once we get her into the new house, then everything left over that we raised will go to future financial expenses.”To donate, an account has been created at the Southeast National Bank under the name of Missy Armstrong.40. Why did Missy ado
94、pt Saras three children?41. What did Rhonda do to help Missy in the third paragraph?42. How do you understand the underlined sentence “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”？43. Do you support Missys action of helping Sara and explain why? (about 40 words)【答案】40. To make Saras last wish./ To make Sar
95、as last wish come true./ She wanted to make Saras last wish come true./ Because she wanted to make Saras last wish come true. 41. Rhonda posted a message./ Rhonda posted a message on a Facebook page./ Rhonda posted a message on a Facebook page asking for gifts to be donated./ Rhonda posted a message
96、 on a Facebook page asking for gifts to be donated so the growing family can have a great holiday. 42. Missy and Sara were good friends. In Saras most difficult time, Missy took the responsibility of a friend, gave her a helping hand, adopted her three young children, and completed her last wish. Th
97、e friendship between them was true. 43. I support Missys action of helping Sara because they are good friends. What are good friends? Facing difficulties, good friends walk in to give a helping hand when the rest of the world walks out. Good friends can change the life by being part of it. Good frie
98、nds make us believe that there really is good in the world. Good friends cheer up in spirits each other. Good friends not only spend the happy times together, but also get through the hard times, the sad times, the confused times.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了米西和萨拉之间真正的友谊。在萨拉病重即将离世的时候，米西伸出援助之手，收养了她的三个孩子，为了
99、帮助这个大家庭，在朋友朗达的呼吁下，爱心人士对这个家庭进行了捐赠。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段内容“An American woman, Missy Armstrong, has made a life changing decision to make her dying best friends last wish come true by adopting (收养) her three young children.（一位名叫米西阿姆斯特朗的美国女性做出了一个改变一生的决定，通过收养三个年幼的孩子来实现她最好的朋友临终前的遗愿。）”可知，米西要收养朋友的三个孩子是为了实现朋
100、友临终前的遗愿，再结合后文内容可知，萨拉就是米西最好的朋友，由此可知，米西要收养萨拉的三个孩子是为了实现萨拉临终前的遗愿。故答案为To make Saras last wish./ To make Saras last wish come true./ She wanted to make Saras last wish come true./ Because she wanted to make Saras last wish come true.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第三段关键句“As Missy prepared to take on the huge task, one
101、of her longtime friends, Rhonda DeBruyn, lent her a helping hand. Rhonda posted a message on a Facebook page asking for gifts to be donated so the growing family can have a great holiday.（当米西准备承担这项艰巨的任务时，她的一位老朋友朗达德布鲁恩伸出了援助之手。朗达在Facebook上发布了一条信息，请求捐赠礼物，让这个成长中的家庭度过一个美好的假期。）”可知，为了帮助米西，朗达在Facebook上发布了一条
102、信息，请求捐赠礼物，让这个成长中的家庭度过一个美好的假期。故答案为Rhonda posted a message./ Rhonda posted a message on a Facebook page./ Rhonda posted a message on a Facebook page asking for gifts to be donated./ Rhonda posted a message on a Facebook page asking for gifts to be donated so the growing family can have a great holiday
103、.【42题详解】开放题。根据文章第一段内容“An American woman, Missy Armstrong, has made a life changing decision to make her dying best friends last wish come true by adopting (收养) her three young children.（一位名叫米西阿姆斯特朗的美国女性做出了一个改变一生的决定，通过收养三个年幼的孩子来实现她最好的朋友临终前的遗愿。）”和第二段关键句“Sara is 36 years old. Her husband died and now s
104、he is in the final stages of a serious illness and is not expected to make it to Christmas. “She said she can deal with the fact that shes dying, but she cant deal with the fact that her kids will be separated,” her best friend, Missy Armstrong, said. The two women have been friends for over a decad
105、e after first meeting in 1999 while at the same school.（萨拉今年36岁。她丈夫去世了，现在她正处于重病的最后阶段，预计不能活到圣诞节。她最好的朋友米西阿姆斯特朗说：“她说她能接受自己快死的事实，但她不能接受孩子们要分开的事实。”自从1999年在同一所学校第一次见面后，这两位女士成为朋友超过10年了。）”可知，米西和萨拉是好朋友。在萨拉最困难的时候，米西承担起朋友的责任，伸出援助之手，收养了她的三个孩子，完成了她的遗愿。她们之间的友谊是真挚的。文中“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”意为“患难见真情”
106、，在本文中，描述的是米西和萨拉在危难当中展现出的友情，答案符合文意、言之有理即可。故答案为Missy and Sara were good friends. In Saras most difficult time, Missy took the responsibility of a friend, gave her a helping hand, adopted her three young children, and completed her last wish. The friendship between them was true.【43题详解】开放题。题目询问我们“你支持米西
107、帮助萨拉的行为吗？并解释原因。”文章第一段内容“An American woman, Missy Armstrong, has made a life changing decision to make her dying best friends last wish come true by adopting (收养) her three young children.（一位名叫米西阿姆斯特朗的美国女性做出了一个改变一生的决定，通过收养三个年幼的孩子来实现她最好的朋友临终前的遗愿。）”和第三段关键句“This doesnt surprise me that she stepped in. M
108、issy and Saras friendship is one of a kind. A friend in need is a friend indeed.” said Rhonda. （她介入我并不感到惊讶。米西和萨拉的友谊是独一无二的。“患难见真情。”朗达说。）”可以为你的看法提供思路，真正的朋友就是在彼此需要帮助时伸出援手，回答时要明确表达自己的观点并解释原因，答案符合文意、言之有理即可。故答案为I support Missys action of helping Sara because they are good friends. What are good friends? F
109、acing difficulties, good friends walk in to give a helping hand when the rest of the world walks out. Good friends can change the life by being part of it. Good friends make us believe that there really is good in the world. Good friends cheer up in spirits each other. Good friends not only spend th
110、e happy times together, but also get through the hard times, the sad times, the confused times.第二节（20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Tom在给你的邮件中讲述了他心中偶像的故事，也请你和他分享一个你的心中偶像。请你给Tom回信,内容包括：1. 你心中偶像是谁2. 你心中偶像让你钦佩的主要品质是什么,给出理由3. 你心中偶像对你的影响注意: 1. 词数不少于60；2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。提示词：idol偶像Dear Tom,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】De
111、ar Tom,Its great to hear from you. I feel inspired knowing your idols story. As for the person that I admire best is JK Rowling. I appreciate her special characteristic of keeping trying. As a fan of Harry Potter, I know the author JK Rowling didnt listen to the negative comments from the twelve pub
112、lishers who rejected her books. For two years, she tried to get the books published. Even the publisher who gave her a contract said she had no chance of making money in childrens books. He was wrong and for the last ten years, J K. Rowling has been the author of the most famous childrens books in t
113、he world.JK Rowlings keeping trying impresses me deeply. Once I set my eyes on my target, I will follow through. Generally speaking, successful people start at the bottom and get to the top. We can, too!Cheers!Yours Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Tom写一封回信，和他分享一个自己心中偶像【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要
114、为一般现在时和一般过去时，少量一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍你心中偶像是谁；2. 介绍你心中偶像让你钦佩的主要品质是什么,给出理由;3. 说明你心中偶像对你的影响。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）her special characteristic of keeping trying;negative comments from the twelve publishers; get the books published; the author of the most famous childrens books; s
115、et my eyes on my target; start at the bottom; get to the top第三步：连词成句1.As for the person that I admire best is JK Rowling.2. I appreciate her special characteristic of keeping trying.3. As a fan of Harry Potter, I know the author JK Rowling didnt listen to the negative comments from the twelve publis
116、hers who rejected her books.4.For two years, she tried to get the books published. 5.Even the publisher who gave her a contract said she had no chance of making money in childrens books. 6.He was wrong and for the last ten years, J K. Rowling has been the author of the most famous childrens books in
117、 the world.7.JK Rowlings keeping trying impresses me deeply. 8.Once I set my eyes on my target, I will follow through. 9.Generally speaking, successful people start at the bottom and get to the top. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Secon
118、d And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4
119、.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1As a fan of Harry Potter, I know the author JK Rowling didnt listen to the negative comments from the twelve publishers who rejected her books. （who引导的定语从句）高分句型2Once I set my eyes on my target, I will follow through. （once引导的条件状语从句）
