1、呼和浩特市第一中学2020-2021学年第一学学期高二年级期末考试英语试卷第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)第一节 (共15题;每小题2分, 满分30分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOnline Free CoursesEnglish Grammar and StyleWell present materials that cover grammatical principles word usage, writing style, sentence and paragraph structure and pun
2、ctuation. Well challenge you with quizzes and writing activities that will give you strategies to enhance the quality of your writing, and invite you to participate in discussions and assess the work of your peers (同龄人).Length: 8 weeksInstructor: Roslyn Petelin from the University of QueenslandAcade
3、mic Writing Made EasyFrom structuring and organizing an academic text to avoiding common mistakes that can negatively affect your credibility, this course offers a guide for those who want to improve their writing. Each week is comprised of video lessons, followed by exercises and tasks of assessing
4、 your peers work.The course requires upper-intermediate (中高级) to advanced English.Length: 6 weeksInstructor: Heidi Minning from the Technical University of MunichPreparing to Network in EnglishNetworking in the business world is key to career success. But what is networking? And how do you do it in
5、English? This course helps you understand the basics of networking and why its important. Youll identify the key qualities you should focus on developing. Most importantly, youll grow and expand your business network and professional connections.Length: 6 weeksInstructor: Joel Ozretich from the Univ
6、ersity of WashingtonUsing Emails for Networking in EnglishIn this course, youll learn important strategies for writing effective emails. You II learn how to write messages for different audiences and understand when to be formal or direct. You II also learn how your choice of words can change the wa
7、y people view your message.Length: 4 weeksInstructor: Daphne Mackey from the University of Washington1. What do the first two courses have in common?A. Both last for one and a half months.B. Both involve some peer review tasks.C. Both require upper-intermediate English.D. Both are offered by the sam
8、e university.2. Who will offer the course on the importance of the business network?A. Roslyn Petelin.B. Heidi Minning.C. Joel Ozretich.D. Daphne Mackey.3. What does the shortest course focus on?A. Improving email-writing skills.B. Giving tips on academic writing.C. Exploring grammatical principles.
9、D. Introducing the basics of networking.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。本文主要介绍了四种不同的在线免费课程，及其各自的主要课程内容，时长和讲师等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一门课程中的“invite you to participate in discussions and assess the work of your peers .”（并邀请您参与讨论和评估同龄人的工作），以及第二门课程中的“Each week is comprised of video lessons, followed by exercis
10、es and tasks of assessing your peers work.”（每周都有视频课程，然后是练习和评估同龄人工作的任务）可知，前两门课共同点在于两者都涉及一些同龄人评审任务。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三门课程中的“This course helps you understand the basics of networking and why its important.”（本课程帮助您了解网络的基础知识及其重要性）以及“Instructor: Joel Ozretich from the University of Washington”（讲师：来自华盛顿大
11、学的Joel Ozretich）可知，Joel Ozretich将提供有关商业网络重要性的课程。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据English Grammar and Style部分的“Length: 8 weeks”、Academic Writing Made Easy部分的“Length: 6 weeks”，Preparing to Network in English部分的“Length: 6 weeks”和Using Emails for Networking in English部分的“Length: 4 weeks”及“In this course, youll learn
12、important strategies for writing effective emails.”（在本课程中，您将学习撰写有效电子邮件的重要策略）可知，课时最短的课程是Using Emails for Networking in English，其重点在于提高电子邮件写作技巧。故选A项。BAdam Zibluk is a 15-year-old Life Scout (童子军) in Troop 70 In Newtown, CT.He was also recently the Troops Senior Patrol Leader, the highest ranking boy i
13、n the troop!Last summer, he, along with 15 other boys from the Troop completed scoutings greatest adventure, backpacking over 50 miles in 7 days in the wilderness at the Philmont Scout Ranch in New Mexico!While Adams Scouting achievements are impressive on their own, his time in Scouts has not alway
14、s been so easy. Adam has hemophilla, a medical condition that can cause severe bleeding from even a slight Injury. And as a Boy Scout, spending much time out in the wilderness, It is quite common to get minor injuries. Because of his condition, Adam has had to miss some Scouting activities over the
15、years.The first few days of Adams backpacklng in Philmont went smooth. But on the 3rd day, while unloading his gear at a remote campsite, he felt a sharp pain in his back. Adam told the adult leaders about his back and that he was starting to not feel well. They made the decision to call Philmont ba
16、se camp to seek medical attention.It was getting dark and rain threatened. Two doctors set out into the night on backcountry road? and then hiked in the last 1/2 mile to find Adam. They did some tests and decided to take him back with them to base camp. It was a tough moment for Adam and for the res
17、t of the scout crew. While Adam returned to base camp, the rest of the boys backpacked on. To encourage Adam, they took one of his shirts with them and took photos of it along the way, which they sent to him.A few days passed and Adam was feeling better. The doctors cleared him to return to the back
18、country! Finally, Adam finished the trek with his crew. He is now one of the only Boy- Scouts with hemophilia to have ever participated in and completed a Philmont Trek.What encouraged Adam to take on this challenge despite the risk? I thought it would be fun and a good thing to do as long as I was
19、prepared. And my parents have always encouraged me to not let hemophilia be the only factor in ANY decision.4. What has stopped Adam from participating in some Scouting activities over the years?A. Inadequate trek experience.B. His fear of the wilderness.C. Lack of camping skills.D. His health condi
20、tion.5. On the 3rd day of the Philmont Trek, _.A. Adam needed medical attentionB. the team was caught in the heavy rainC. two doctors hiked all the way to find AdamD. the rest of the boys backpacked on with Adams shirt6. Why did Adam participate in this challenging activity?A. He had a love for it.B
21、. He was eager to be a leader.C. He wanted to set a record.D. His parents decided for him.7. Which of the following words can best describe Adam?A. Athletic and ambitious.B. Considerate and fearless.C. courageous and determined.D. Confident and knowledgeable.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇故事类阅读。
22、文章讲了十五岁的童子军Adam克服重重困难，不畏艰险，完成了一项挑战。【4题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Because of his condition, Adam has had to miss some Scouting activities over the years.及上文Adam has hemophilia, . can cause severe bleeding from even a slight injury.可知，由于Adam患了血友病，他不得不错过一些童子军活动，所以是健康问题阻止了亚当参加一些童子军活动，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第四段Adam
23、told the adult leaders about his back and that he was starting to not feel well. They made the decision to call Philmont base camp to seek medical attention.可知，在第三天Adam受伤了，并把这一情况告诉了成年的领队，于是他们决定回到大本营去治疗。由此可知在第三天，Adam需要医疗关注，故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在文章最后一段I thought it would be fun and a good thing to do as
24、 long as I was prepared.可知，Adam参加挑战是因为他觉得挑战很有乐趣并且是件美好的事情，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段What encouraged Adam to take on this challenge despite the risk? I thought it would be fun and a good thing to do as long as I was prepared. And my parents have always encouraged me to not let hemophilia be the only fa
25、ctor in ANY decision.Adam解释是自己的决心和父母的鼓励，让自己不畏危险完成这项挑战。由此推断出Adam是一个勇敢和意志坚定的人，故选C。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题4，答案定位在最后一段What encouraged Adam to take on t
26、his challenge despite the risk? I thought it would be fun and a good thing to do as long as I was prepared. And my parents have always encouraged me to not let hemophilia be the only factor in ANY decision.Adam解释是自己的决心和父母的鼓励，让自己不畏危险完成这项挑战。由此推断出Adam是一个勇敢和意志坚定的人，故选C。CAs PhD research goes, Brian Wisend
27、en was enviable, watching baby fish swimming swiftly through the clear waters in the Costa Rican tropical dry forest. By recording their growth and numbers, he hoped to look at their risks of being eaten. Instead, he witnessed something odd. Many groups were increasing in numbers. In these groups, s
28、ome were smaller than others, suggesting they werent siblings (兄弟姐妹). Wisenden had accidentally discovered that the fish, called convict cichlids, adopt each others babies. Why would they do that, he wondered?In the human world, we think of adoption as a selfless act. But in nature, its presence is
29、puzzling. Taking on the burden of bringing up babies with no genetic link would seem to reduce an animals chances of survival or at least provide no gain. Yet, adoption is surprisingly common in the world.Take the eastern grey kangaroo. Between 2008 and 2013, Wisenden followed the fates of 326 baby
30、kangaroos in the National Park in Victoria and recorded 11 cases of pouch swapping. The circumstances behind some of these adoptions arent known, but four were straight swaps and another four occurred after a mother had lost her own baby.How come? Before independence, baby kangaroos go through a per
31、iod inside and outside their mothers pouch. Following out-of-pouch forays, mothers normally sniff their young before allowing them back in, but Wisendens team suspect that during an emergency they may skip the sniff test, allowing a vulnerable baby to quickly climb in before fleeing from danger. Onc
32、e inside the wrong pouch, the young may fake the mothers odor, making them smell confusingly like her own progeny. So, poor baby recognition is the prime cause of “accidental” adoption.Some of natures adoptions are, actually, driven by young looking for better prospects. In burrower bugs, for exampl
33、e, females lay a nest of eggs close to those of unrelated bugs. Mother bugs tend their developing eggs before they hatch, then feed their babies nuts from weedy mint plants. Finding nuts is a competitive business, so not every mother bug gets her fair share. And if the delivery rate isnt up to scrat
34、ch, clever young may abandon their mothers to join a better-fed group. Thats similar to behavior in several species of gull whose babies, if poorly fed, may leave home in search of better parents.The consequences of adoption following mistaken identity can be dire. The true babies of adopting mother
35、s were abandoned. But it can have remarkable benefits, not just for adoptees but also for adoptive parents.8. It can be inferred from the passage that Wisendens findings are .A. too weird to be witnessedB. out of his own expectationsC. envied by his peer co-researchersD. a sound proof of his researc
36、h object9. Which is NOT the reason for adoption in the animal kingdom?A. Baby animals looking for better parenting.B. Parents failure to recognize their own babies.C. Selfless adoption commonly seen in animal world.D. Parents, inability to provide enough food.10. The underlined word “vulnerable” in
37、the fourth paragraph means .A. weak and easily attackedB. naughty and easily hurtC. independent and well-fedD. fragile and poorly raised11. What will the author most probably talk about next?A. The benefits for baby animals.B. The benefits for adopters.C. The consequences of adoption.D. The conseque
38、nces of wrong identity.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然界中普遍存在的让人困惑的收养现象的研究结果。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第一段Instead, he witnessed something odd.相反，他见到了一些奇怪的东西。可知，Wisenden的发现超出了他的预料。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第五段Some of natures adoptions are, actually, driven by young looking for better prospects. 实际上，大自然的一
39、些收养行为是小动物寻找更好的养育。由第四段So, poor baby recognition is the prime cause of “accidental” adoption. 所以，婴儿认知度差是“意外”收养的主要原因。可知，父母认错自己的孩子也是动物收养其他动物的原因。由第五段Thats similar to behavior in several species of gull whose babies, if poorly fed, may leave home in search of better parents.这与几种海鸥的行为相似，如果喂养不当，它们的孩子可能会离家寻找
40、更好的父母。C项“动物世界中常见的无私收养”未提及。故选C项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。由第四段Following out-of-pouch forays, mothers normally sniff their young before allowing them back in, but Wisendens team suspect that during an emergency they may skip the sniff test, allowing a vulnerable baby to quickly climb in before fleeing from danger.
41、在袋外觅食之后，母亲们通常会在允许幼崽返回之前嗅嗅它们，但是Wisenden团队怀疑，在紧急情况下，它们可能会跳过这个行为，让脆弱的幼崽在逃离危险之前快速爬进袋内。可知，a vulnerable baby为脆弱的幼崽，这与A项“脆弱和容易被攻击的”意思相近。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第六段 But it can have remarkable benefits, not just for adoptees but also for adoptive parents.但是它会产生显著的好处，不只是被收养者，还有收养的父母。推测后文会讲收养对收养父母的好处。故选B项。DIn 2018
42、measles ( 麻疹) infected almost 10 million people around the world and killed 420. Countries that achieved high vaccination（苗接种） rates or had formerly eradicated the disease also failed to have narrow escape .Fortunately, apart from troublesome measles, many inspirational global health stories happene
43、d in the last decade, new viruses, vaccines, and treatments were discovered, once again showing the significance of science.Huge progress was made in virus research. For instance, a kind of virus named Medusavirus, which can turn an amoeba, a kind of single-celled living creature, into a stone, was
44、identified by Japanese scientists. The virus has one of the largest and most complicated viral genomes(基因组) that have ever been found. Besides, a new virus, Alongshan virus, was discovered in a group of patients in Inner Mongolia. Researchers also found for the first time that an insect RNA virus, t
45、he Providence virus, was able to infect plants and mammalian cells, which indicated that plants could serve as hosts of human viruses.We also saw improvement in treatments and vaccines. Ebola virus is good case in point. According to the Royal Free Hospital in Britain, the drug MIL77, which had been
46、 developed by Academy of Military Medical Sciences, an institution in China, jointly with some other companies, was adopted to treat a Briton infected with the disease and helped her recover from the deadly virus. This has indicated Chinas capability of offering an economical and practical drug figh
47、ting Ebola virus worldwide. Furthermore, the Chinese and British medical research teams have worked on genome sequencing of the virus, making it possible to develop drugs and vaccines that are more effective. Therefore, Ebola is no longer a death sentence.Thanks to investment in global supervision t
48、ransnational partnership, and scientific research, many new viruses, vaccines, and treatments were successfully discovered in the last decade. But the journey will continue and much more needs to be done. For example, we need to have a deeper understanding of bow climate change influences the spread
49、 of infectious diseases12. What does the underlined word eradicated” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Got rid of.B. Conducted research onC. Lost control ofD. Come down with.13. What is true about the Providence virus?A. It is a newly identified virus .B. It has the largest viral genomeC. It was disco
50、vered in Inner Mongolia.D. It can infect both plants and humas14. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. MIL77 is an effective Ebola vaccine.B. No death will be caused by Ebola virus anymore.C. China has made great contributions to fighting Ebola virus.D. Genome sequencing of Ebola virus is too compl
51、icated to he carried out.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Science keeps improving global healthB. A victory over deadly diseasesC. Global cooperation in fighting virusesD. Serious global health problems【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者主要向我们描述了科学进步在全球人类健康以及战胜病毒方面的重要作用。【12题详解】词句猜
52、测题。根据第一段中的“Countries that achieved high vaccination（苗接种）rates or had formerly eradicated the disease also failed to have narrow escape.（那些实现了高疫苗接种率或以前eradicated 该疾病的国家也未能幸免于难。）”可知，接种过疫苗或者之前消除过病毒的国家也难逃麻疹病毒的侵袭，由“achieved high vaccination”和also可以推断此处eradicated意为“除掉”，A选项get rid of和它意思接近。故选A选。【13题详解】细节理解
53、题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Researchers also found for the first time that an insect RNA virus, the Providence virus, was able to infect plants and mammalian cells, which indicated that plants could serve as hosts of human viruses.（研究人员还首次发现，一种名为普罗维登斯病毒的昆虫RNA病毒能够感染植物和哺乳动物细胞，这表明植物可以充当人类病毒的宿主。）”可知，Providence病毒既感染人又
54、感染植物。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This has indicated Chinas capability of offering an economical and practical drug fighting Ebola virus worldwide. Furthermore, the Chinese and British medical research teams have worked on genome sequencing of the virus, making it possible to develop drugs and vaccines
55、 that are more effective.（这表明中国有能力在全球范围内提供一种经济实用的对抗埃博拉病毒的药物。此外，中英两国医学研究团队还开展了病毒基因组测序工作，为开发更有效的药物和疫苗提供了可能。）”可知，中国对战胜埃博拉病毒做出了很大贡献。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Fortunately, apart from troublesome measles, many inspirational global health stories happened in the last decade, new viruses, vaccines, and trea
56、tments were discovered, once again showing the significance of science.（幸运的是，除了令人烦恼的麻疹，在过去的十年里发生了许多鼓舞人心的全球健康故事，新的病毒、疫苗和治疗方法被发现，再次表明了科学的重要性。）”以及下文内容可知，本文主要讲的是科学对于全球健康问题的重大意义。所以A选项“Science keeps improving global health（科学不断改善全球健康）”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
57、项为多余选项。TrampoliningWhats more fun than standing still? Jumping up and down on a springy piece of fabric (织物)! This activity is known as trampolining and its sweeping the nation. The idea of trampolining is ancient.Eskimos have been throwing each other in the air for thousands of years. Firemen began
58、 using a life net to catch people jumping from buildings in 1887. _16_A gymnast named George Nissan and his coach Larry Griswold made the first modern trampoline in 1936. They got the idea by watching swing artists bouncing off of a tight net at the circus. They named their equipment after the Spani
59、sh word trampoln, which means diving board._17_In 1942 they began making trampolines to sell to the public._18_Experts find that more than 100,000 people hurt themselves while using one each year. Clubs and gyms use large safety nets or other equipment to make it safer. Most trampoline injuries happ
60、en at home.Since trampolines are more affordable than ever, injuries are even more common. These injuries happen for many reasons. People may bounce too high and land off of the trampoline or onto the springs. _19_Perhaps the worst injuries happen when untrained people try to do flips (快速翻转). Landin
61、g on your neck or head can cause injuries or even kill you. But dont let all that bad news keep you down. There are many things that you can do to practice safe trampolining. Trampolines have been around for a while now. They have brought a lot of joy to many people. They can be a good source of exe
62、rcise and activity._20_But they can also be deadly. It is important to follow some professional guidance. Be sure that you are practicing safety while having a good time. Happy bouncing!A. They can help people improve their balance and moves.B. Trampolines may be fun, but they can also be dangerous.
63、C. The men wanted to share their idea with the whole world.D. Injuries also happen when many people are jumping at the same time.E. You can surround your trampoline with a net so that people dont fall off of it.F. They found a winner when they performed a piece of spring across a steel frame.G. And
64、in the early 1900s, circus performers began bouncing off of netting to amuse audiences.【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了蹦床的历史及蹦床的好处及不足。【16题详解】分析本段的内容，可知本段主要介绍的是蹦床的历史，根据空格前的“Firemen began using a life net to catch people jumping from buildings in 1887.”（1887年，消防队员开始使用救生网来捕捉从建筑物
65、上跳下的人。）并结合各个选项，可推断G“在20世纪初，马戏团演员开始跳网来取悦观众。 ”符合语境，从年份可以看出此处介绍蹦床的历史。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“In 1942 they began making trampolines to sell to the public.”（1942年他们开始把蹦床卖给大众）可推知，设空处可能陈述他们买蹦床的原因。C项“这些人想要把自己的想法分享给全世界”符合语境，因为想分享给全世界，所以开始售卖蹦床。故选C。【18题详解】结合上文提到的蹦床有趣和下文“Experts find that more than 100,000 people hurt
66、themselves while using one each year. ”（专家们发现每年有超过10万人在使用蹦床时伤到自己）可知，此空格的句子要做到承上启下的作用，既要说明蹦床的好处，也要指出其不足，B项“蹦床可能有趣，但它们也很危险”符合语境。故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“People may bounce too high and land off of the trampoline or onto the springs.”（人们可能弹得太高，而从蹦床上或弹簧上落下来）和下文“Perhaps the worst injuries happen when untrained peo
67、ple try to do flips (快速翻转). ”（或许最严重伤发生在没有经过训练的人尝试做快速翻转时。）可推知，设空处可能讲述人们在蹦床上弹跳时可能会受伤。D项“当很多人同时在蹦床上弹跳时也会有受伤的情况发生”符合语境，injuries是关键词，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“They can be a good source of exercise and activity.”（它们可能是锻炼和活动的一个好方法）和下文“But they can also be deadly.”（但它们也可能是致命的）可知，but表转折，由此推知设空处紧接上文讲述蹦床的一些好处。A项 “它们有助于人
68、们改善平衡和移动”符合语境。故选A。第三部分：英语知识运用（共20小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分30分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Pam Bales， an experienced hiker， stepped onto snow-covered Jewell Trail. The hike up the lower part of Jewell was _21_. But less than an hour later， the weather was showing its teeth. Bales began to think abou
69、t calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of _22_ in the snow ahead of her. Shed been_23_unclear tracks all day and hadnt given them much _24_， because so many people climb Jewell Trail. But these， as a volunteer of the Valley Search and Rescue Team， she _25_， had been made by a p
70、air of sneakers， which was surely not for this kind of trail. Strong wind screamed， and_26_was just hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks， shed add_27_to the journey. But the tracks ahead meant someone might be in _28_She could not let this go. She silently scolded the absent hiker for
71、 _29_ normal safety rules and struggled to walk carefully in the direction of the _30_ .After about tracks to 30 yards， she rounded a corner and saw a man sitting motionless. He wore tennis sneakers and a light jacket. She checked him for any sign of _31_ . There was none. Bales had been trained in
72、search and rescue and knew that he was hypothermic （ 体温过低的 ） and would _32_soon if he didnt get out of there. The man said he had lost his way and was extremely_33_ . Bales brought a pair of soft-shell pants， a winter hat， and a jacket from her pack. She helped the man _34_ the warm， dry layers onto
73、 his body and offered him some hot cocoa._35_he stood. She offered continuous encouragement“ Keep going! Youre doing great. Just before 6 p. m.， they arrived at the trailhead very_36_ . Her climb up to the spot where she_37_ the man had taken about four hours. Two hours had passed since then.A week
74、later， the president of Bales rescue group received a letter in the mail. It read： “ On Sunday October! 17， 1 went up my trail， Jewell. _38_ was to be bad. But without thinking too much I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me， changing my clothes， making me warmer.
75、 She just kept_39_me. Finally， I learned her name was Pam. The entire time she treated me with compassion （同情心），confidence， and one hundred percent commitment.In the nine years since she saved John， Bales has become something of a hiking legend （传奇人物）. Its a（ n） _40_ she never sought or wanted， but
76、one she certainly has earned.21. A. longB. boringC. pleasantD. unforgettable22. A. clothesB. toolsC. glovesD. footprints23. A. recordingB. followingC. coveringD. leaving24. A. responseB. expectationC. thoughtD. hope25. A. realizedB. suggestedC. admittedD. remembered26. A. successB. darknessC. freedo
77、mD. disaster27. A. informationB. interestC. riskD. pain28. A. troubleB. controlC. doubtD. touch29. A. knowingB. makingC. judgingD. breaking30. A. windB. tracksC. soundD. hikers31. A. powerB. lifeC. injuryD. loss32. A. recoverB. escapeC. wakeD. die33. A. coldB. starvingC. sleepyD. concerned34. A. pic
78、kB. pullC. bringD. carry35. A. UnwillinglyB. NervouslyC. ImmediatelyD. Slowly36. A. tiredB. stressedC. upsetD. scared37. A. treatedB. observedC. locatedD. protected38. A. ChanceB. SightC. HealthD. Weather39. A. praisingB. encouragingC. excusingD. instructing40. A. titleB. fortuneC. opportunityD. opt
79、ion【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。全文主要讲述了一位经验丰富的徒步旅行者Pam Bales在登山途中救了一位登山迷路者的经历。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爬珠宝小径较低的部分很令人愉悦。A. long长的；B. boring无聊的；C. pleasant愉悦的；D. unforgettable难忘的。结合后文转折后遇到困难可知C项ple
80、asant“愉悦的”切题。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他留意到了雪中的脚印。A. clothes衣服；B. tools工具；C. gloves手套；D. footprints脚印。通过语境翻译可知脚印切题。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她沿着这条小径走了一天了，而且因为很多人都爬过这座山，所以她也没多想。A. recording记录；B. following沿着；C. covering覆盖；D. leaving离开。由前文可知她在爬小径，此处使用following“沿着”符合题意。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她沿着这条小径走了一天了
81、，而且因为很多人都爬过这座山，所以她也没多想。A. response回复；B. expectation期待；C. thought想法；D. hope希望。通过语境翻译可知C项切题。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是作为峡谷搜救队的志愿者，她意识到这样的运动鞋绝对不适合爬山。A. realized意识到；B. suggested建议；C. admitted承认；D. remembered记得。根据后文中继续寻找可知，此处是意识到可能存在问题需要解决，A项realized“意识到”切题。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有几小时就要黑天了。A. success成功
82、；B. darkness黑暗、黑天；C. freedom自由；D. disaster灾难。通过语境翻译可知B项darkness“黑暗、黑天”切题。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果继续的话会增加风险。A. information信息；B. interest兴趣；C. risk风险；D. pain痛苦。结合前文所述大风在刮马上天黑，表示环境艰险，C项risk“风险”切题。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：前方的轨迹意味着可能有人遇到麻烦了。A. trouble麻烦；B. control控制；C. doubt怀疑；D. touch触摸。通过语境翻译可知A项troub
83、le“麻烦”切题。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她小声的责备消失的登山者，他违反了安全规则。A. knowing知道；B. making制作；C. judging评论；D. breaking打破。结合前文所述前方的旅程危险，因此打破了安全规则，D项breaking“打破”切题。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她小心翼翼地往那个登山者的方向走。A. wind风；B. tracks轨迹；C. sound声音；D. hikers登山者。结合后文所述所跟随的雪地上的轨迹， B项tracks“轨迹”切题。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她检查了一下他
84、是否有受伤迹象。A. power能力；B. life生活；C. injury受伤；D. loss损失。通过语境翻译可知C项injury“受伤”切题。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他不离开这里就会死掉。 A. recover恢复；B. escape逃跑；C. wake醒来；D. die死亡。通过后文内容可知，他伤的很重，D项die “死亡”切题。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说他迷路了，感觉特别冷。A. cold寒冷；B. starving饥饿；C. sleepy困倦；D. concerned担心。结合上文所述可知当时天气极为寒冷，因此A项cold“寒
85、冷”切题。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她帮这个男人把温暖干净的毯子拉到他的身上，给他一杯热可可。A. pick捡起；B. pull拉；C. bring带来；D. carry携带。通过语境翻译可知B项pull“拉”切题。故选B项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地站了起来。A. Unwillingly不情愿地；B. Nervously紧张地；C. Immediately立即地；D. Slowly慢慢地。结合后文内容可知在她的鼓励下他继续走了下去，此处意为先站了起来。D项切题。故选D项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们疲惫地到达了登山口。A. tired
86、疲惫的；B. stressed有压力的；C. upset沮丧的；D. scared害怕的。根据下句可知她爬山到发现他的地点用了4小时的时间，意在表明路程之长，A项tired“疲惫的”切题。故选A项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她爬山到定位他的地点用了4小时的时间。A. treated对待；B. observed观察；C. located定位；D. protected保护。通过语境翻译可知C项located“定位”切题。故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天气要变坏了。A. Chance机会；B. Sight视力；C. Health健康；D. Weather天气。通过语境
87、翻译可知D项Weather“天气”切题。故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直在鼓励我。A. praising表扬；B. encouraging 鼓励；C. excusing找理由；D. instructing指导。根据前文可知他处于困境中时，她一直在鼓励他增强求生欲，因此B项encouraging“鼓励”切题。故选B项。40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从没想过会得到这样一个称号，但她真的实至名归得到了。A. title头衔、称号；B. fortune 运气、财富；C. opportunity机会；D. option选择。通过语境翻译可知A项title“头衔、称号”切题。
88、故选A项。第四部分：基础知识综合运用（共五节, 满分35分）第一节：请根据首字母或汉语提示用单词的正确形式填空。（共6小空, 每空1分, 满分6分）41. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question, _ (依赖，依靠) on what the person says. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】depending【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同时你要根据对方说的情况，准备下一个问题。根据汉语提示“依赖，依靠”可知应用动词depend，且分析句子结构可知depend在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故应用现在分词
89、作状语。故填depending。42. Last of all, the chief editor read it and _(批准) it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】approved【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最后，主编看了并批准了。根据汉语提示“批准”，可知应填动词approve，作谓语，结合上文the chief editor read it可知为一般过去时。故填approved。43. All the information was ready _(加工) into film negatives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】to be processed【解析】【
90、分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有资料都准备好要转印成底片了。be ready to do sth.意为准备做某事，information和process之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。故填to be processed。44. I have to remind myself _(不断地) that I am really in AD 3008. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】constantly【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我必须不断地提醒自己，我真的是在公元3008年。根据汉语提示“不断地”，可知应填副词constantly，作状语修饰动词remind。故填constan
91、tly。45. Happily this was _(完成) when King James of Scotland became king of England and Wales as well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】accomplished【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：令人高兴的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这得以完成。 根据句意和所给汉语提示，应是动词 accomplish；主语this和accomplish之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该是被动语态；空前有助动词was，因此accomplish用过去分词形式。故填accomplished。
92、46. It is v_(至关重要) to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. (根据中英文提示填空）【答案】vital【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：立即把受害者送去看医生或送去医院是至关重要的。分析可知，空处为形容词作表语，表示“至关重要的”为vital。故填vital。第二节：请根据汉语提示用单词的正确形式填空（共6小空, 每空1分, 满分6分）47. He tried to stop us _(出版) it but later we were proved right. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】publi
93、shing【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他试图阻止我们出版这本书，但后来证明我们是对的。根据句意和所给汉语提示，应是动词 publish；短语stop sb. (from) doing“阻止某人做”， from后接动名词作宾语。故填publishing。48. England is the largest of the four countries, and for _(方便) it is roughly divided into three zones. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】convenience【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：英格兰是这四个国家中最大的，
94、为了方便起见，它大致被分为三个地区。for convenience为固定短语，意为“为了方便起见”，符合句意。故填convenience。49. John, keep your belt _ (系牢) please. Do not open it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】fastened【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰，请系好腰带。不要打开它。表示“保持某事被做”为固定短语keep sth. done，表示“系好”为动词fasten，此处过去分词作宾补。故填fastened。50. At first my surroundings were difficult_(忍
95、受). (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】to bear【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，我周围的环境令人难以忍受。表示“忍受”为动词bear；sth. be difficult to do 意为“干某事是困难的”，此处为动词不定式做主语补足语。故填to bear。51. Climate and weather affect every _(方面) of our lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】aspects【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词的数。句意：气候和天气影响着我们生活的方方面面。表示“方面”为名词aspect，此处every表示用复数。故填aspects。
96、52. Have you ever had a case where someone _ (控告，指责，谴责) your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】accused【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你是否遇到过一个案子，在这个案子中，有人控告记者完全把事情搞错了。根据汉语提示“控告，指责，谴责”可知，应填动词accuse，根据语境可知，where引导的定语从句陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填accused。第三节：请根据句意填入恰当的单词。（共10小空, 每空1分, 满分10分）
97、53. My_ (motivate) increased as I thought of the wonderful world of future. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】motivation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：一想到未来的美好世界，我的动力就增加了。空处作主语，表示“动力”，可知应填名词motivation。故填motivation。54. _ (lack) necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by ill people. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】Lacking【解析】【分析】【
98、详解】考查现在分词。句意：由于缺乏必要的社会经验，青少年往往容易被坏人欺骗。主句主语teenagers和lack之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词做原因状语。故填Lacking。55. If _( take) good care of, these young trees will grow into 10-meter-tall ones in about 8 years. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】taken【解析】【分析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：如果照顾得好，这些小树大约8年就能长成10米高的小树。在if引导的条件状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可
99、省略从句的主语和be动词，从句完整形式为“If these young trees are taken good care of”，相当于省略了these young trees are，故填taken。56. However, the southern part of Ireland was _(willing) and broke away to form its own government. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】unwilling【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，爱尔兰南部不愿意这样做，并脱离爱尔兰，成立了自己的政府。在be动词后应是形容词作表语；根据语境“b
100、roke away to form its own government”， 此处应是形容词unwilling，意思为“不愿意的”。故填unwilling。57. The boys and girls were asked to look at the painting and give a _(describe) of what they saw. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】description【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这些男孩和女孩被要求看这幅画，并描述他们所看到的。空处作宾语，表示“描述”，应填名词description，上文冠词a提示应用单数。故填description。
101、58. Please keep us _(inform) of the latest news. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】informed【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：请随时通知我们最新的消息。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，inform与us构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。故填informed。59. John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the _(brave) of ten people. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】braveness【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：约
102、翰在一个表彰十个人勇敢行为的仪式上被授予了奖项。分析可知，空处应填名词作宾语，此处表示“勇敢”，用名词braveness。故填braveness。60. Extra lessons on Sundays put more _(press) on students, who already have piles of homework. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】pressure【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：周日的额外课程给学生们带来了更大的压力，因为他们已经有了成堆的作业。分析可知，此处名词作宾语，意为“压力”，且pressure为不可数名词。故填pressure。61. I
103、am suffering from _(bear) toothache; I must go to see my doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】bearing【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我正忍受着牙痛；我必须去看医生。空处作介词from的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填bearing。62. We cant go out. It is _(pour) outside. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】pouring【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们不能出去。外面正在下大雨。结合上文We cant go out.可知表示动作现在正在发生应用现在进行时。故填pourin
104、g。第四节：请根据首字母或句意填入恰当的单词。（共8小空, 每空1分, 满分8分）63. It is hoped that the reform being carried out can speed _ the development of economy. (用适当的词填空)【答案】up【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词。句意：人们希望正在进行的改革能够加快经济的发展。speed up为固定短语，意为“加速”，符合句意。故填up。64. So carelessly _he drive that he almost killed himself. (用适当的词填空)【答案】did【解析】【详解
105、】考查部分倒装。句意：他开车太不小心，差点送命。在so that句式中，如果so位于句首，主句中的主语和谓语需部分倒装，此处谓语动词为drive应添加助动词，结合后文killed可知为一般过去时，故应用助动词did，故填did。65. Clever _ he is, he doesnt study well. (用适当的词填空)【答案】though /as【解析】【分析】【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然他很聪明，但是他学习并不好。根据句意，此处是“形容词+though/ as+主语+谓语”构成的倒装结构，表示让步，意思为“虽然”。故填though /as。66. Only when the rai
106、n stopped _ the match start again. (用适当的词填空)【答案】did【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：直到雨停了，比赛才重新开始。“only+状语”位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，因此要将助动词提前，因为事情发生在过去，并且句子谓语动词为start，所以提前助动词did。故填did。67. Hold the bandage_ place with tape. (用适当的词填空)【答案】in【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：用胶带把绷带在恰当的位置固定好。结合句意表示“在恰当的位置”可知短语为in place。故填in。68. You can ge
107、t burned by a v_of things. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】variety【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：你会被很多东西烧伤。根据空前的a可知，空处填名词，a variety of 意为“各种各样的”，符合句意。故填variety。69. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real _.(用适当的词填空)【答案】difference【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这表明急救知识的确能起很大的作用。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”，符合句意。故填difference。
108、70. Having a fever is one of the s_ of a cold. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】symptoms【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：发烧是感冒的症状之一。根据句意，此处表示“症状”，用名词symptom，one of后跟名词复数。故填symptoms。第五节：单句改错（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分）每句有一处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加, 删除或修改。删除：把多余词用斜线（）划掉。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在该词下面写出该加的词。修改：在错的词下划一横线, 在该词下面写出修改后的词。71. Hardly I finish
109、ed my translation when the class was over.72. However, I lost sight Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.73. Be careful! Dont leave the water run all the way when you are not at home.74. In their credit, the four countrie
110、s do work together in some areas.75. He couldnt make himself hear on the phone.【答案】71. I前面添加had 72. sight后加of 73. runrunning 74. InTo 75. hearheard【解析】【分析】【71题详解】考查部分倒装和动词时态。句意：我刚做完翻译就下课了。hardly.when.是固定句型，主句要用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时，hardly位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装，即将助动词/情态动词/be动词置于主语之前，此处应添加助动词had。故I前面添加had。【72题详解】考查
111、代词。句意：然而，当我们到达一个看起来像大市场的地方时，因为太多的马车从四面八方飞驰而过，我就看不见王平了。固定短语lose sight of“看不见”。故sight后加of。【73题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：注意！当你不在家的时候，不要让水一直流着。此处为“leave+宾语+宾补”结构，water与run为主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故run改为running。【74题详解】考查介词。句意：值得赞扬的是，这四个国家确实在某些领域进行了合作。结合句意表示“值得赞扬的是”可知，短语为to ones credit。故In改为To。【75题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他听不清电话里的声音。此处为
112、“make+宾语+宾补”结构，himself与hear构成被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故hear改为heard。第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）76. 假定你是李华，某英文杂志正在举行主题为“未来的学习模式”的征文活动，请你用英语 写一篇短文参赛。内容主要包括:1.课程选择模式网络课程；因人而异；自由选择等。2.课堂模式虚拟学校；虚拟教室等。3.作业模式个性化。参考词汇:virtual虚拟的 virtual- reality school虚拟现实的学校 individual个性化的注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。It will
113、 be really amazing to enjoy studying in the future._【答案】It will be really amazing to enjoy studying in the future. Firstly, students will be able to choose subjects offered by some educational institutions on the Internet according to their levels, interests and needs. Then they will just stay at ho
114、me and study in a virtual-reality school. When they put on their 3-D glasses, they will feel as though they are actually in a classroom interacting with a virtual teacher and virtual classmates. After class, students will get their individual and specific homework sent to them by the teacher after i
115、ts finished.On the whole, the Internet will totally change our way of learning.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇英语短文，参加某英文杂志正在举行主题为“未来的学习模式”的征文活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.课程选择模式网络课程；因人而异；自由选择等。2.课堂模式虚拟学校；虚拟教室等。3.作业模式个性化。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）in the futu
116、re; choose; on the Internet; according to; virtual-reality school; 3-D glasses; virtual; individual and specific homework; change the way of learning.第三步：连词成句1. It will be really amazing to enjoy studying in the future.2. Students will be able to choose subjects offered by some educational instituti
117、ons on the Internet according to their levels, interests and needs.3. They will just stay at home and study in a virtual-reality school. 4. Id like to know some derails about this dance party.5. When they put on their 3-D glasses, they will feel as though they are actually in a classroom interacting
118、 with a virtual teacher and virtual classmates.6. After class, students will get their individual and specific homework sent to them by the teacher after its finished.7. On the whole, the Internet will totally change our way of learning.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of a
119、ll, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand S
120、ome,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。此外文中还有一些亮点，如：students will be able to choose subjects offered by some educational institutions on the Internet这句话使用了过去分词做后置定语；they will feel as though they are actually in a classroom interacting with a virtual teacher and virtual classmates.使用了现在分词做伴随状语。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，使用了一些衔接词使上下句转换自然。
