1、语法讲座写作讲座知识必备专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习Unit 3Inventors and inventionsSection Grammar&Writing一、过去分词作定语1过去分词作定语的位置(1)单个的过去分词：一般情况下，单个的过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。但有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。A watched pot never boils.心急锅不开。Money spent is more than money earned.花的钱比挣的钱多。(2)过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。This will be the best nov
2、el of its kind ever written.这本小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。This is the soldier wounded in the battle.这就是在战场上受伤的战士。2过去分词作定语时扩展成句作后置定语的过去分词往往可以扩展成相应的定语从句。The suggestion(which had been)sent to the committee was adopted.呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。3过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已完成。the question
3、 discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题the person killed last year 去年被杀的人(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时仅表示完成。fallen leaves 落叶 faded flowers 凋谢的花考题印证111(2012山东高考)After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope _.AprovidingBprovided Chaving provided Dprovide解析：选。考查非谓语动词。句意：完成并签名后，请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回
4、。动词provide与其逻辑主语envelope之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句which is provided。B12(2012浙江高考)“Its such a nice place,”Mother said as she sat at the table _ for customers.Ato be reserved Bhaving reserved Creserving Dreserved解析：选。考查非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词形式的关键是弄清楚动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系。在该句中，逻辑主语是the table，the table与reserve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关
5、系，所以用过去分词，表示“已被预订的桌子”，所以选D项。A项虽然也表示“被动”，但表示将来，故排除A项。D二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，通常表示主语所处的状态，这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词。常见的有seated,surprised,astonished,amazed,moved,exhausted,worried,devoted,pleased,inspired,encouraged,excited,delighted,satisfied,scared,frightened,disappointed等。I am pleased with the result of
6、 the experiment.我对试验结果很满意。点津 过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。The cup is broken.杯子破了。(强调杯子的状态)The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。(强调动作)考题印证2(2010福建高考)In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.Asticking BstuckCto be stuck Dto have stuck解析：选。考查非谓语动词。
7、句意：四月份，成千上万的度假者由于火山灰的影响而被滞留在国外。此处remain为系动词，后接过去分词作表语，表示被动。B三、过去分词作宾语补足语能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。在下面结构中常用过去分词作补语。(1)在感官动词(see,hear,notice,watch等)和表示心理状态的动词(feel,find等)后。She was glad to see her children well taken care of in the nursery.看到她的孩子
8、们在托儿所受到很好的照顾，她很高兴。(2)使役动词(keep,make,help,get,have等)后。If you want to make yourself respected,you are above all to respect others.如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重别人。(3)like,want，wish，order等表示“希望；要求”等意义的动词后。He wanted his eggs fried.他愿意吃煎鸡蛋。(4)with的复合结构中。He sat there,with his hands tied behind.他手被捆在后面坐在那里。31(2012辽宁高考
9、)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them.Ato follow Bfollowing Cfollowed Dfollows解析：选。考查with的复合结构。with的宾语后面可加形容词、副词、分词、不定式或名词等作宾补，此处pet dog与follow构成主动关系，所以用following。不定式表示动作尚未发生，故排除A。B考题印证332(2012四川高考)Before driving into the city,you are required to get yo
10、ur car _.Awashed Bwash Cwashing Dto wash解析：选。考查非谓语动词。考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth.done。故选A项。句意：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。A点击下列图片进入点击下列图片进入假如你是高健，请阅读下面一则广告并根据表中所提供信息写一封求职信。WantedCapitalCarCompanyA SecretaryOfEnglishLanguage出生时间1985.12.6性别男年龄28籍贯江苏南通身体状况健康婚否否WantedCapitalC
11、arCompanyA SecretaryOfEnglishLanguage阅历2008年南京大学英语系毕业；一直做导游工作技能会打字；能讲、会写英语；能开汽车；能熟练使用电脑爱好喜欢游泳；能歌善舞注意：1词数100左右；2参考词汇：英语系English Department；导游guide；打字type。Dear Sir，I have just learned from the newspaper that a secretary of English language is wanted in your company.So I am writing to you to introduce
12、myself.My name is Gao Jian.I was born on December 6,1985 in Nantong,Jiangsu Province.I am male,aged 28 now.In 2008,I finished my studies in the English Department in Nanjing University.Since then,I have been working as a tour guide.I can speak and write English well.I can type,drive a car and also u
13、se the computer well.I remain unmarried.Im in good health and fond of swimming and good at singing and dancing.Im sure Ill do a good job if Im accepted.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，Gao Jian第一段：表达了求职的愿望。第二段：着重介绍了自己能胜任这份工作的条件和优势。第三段：希望给予答复。使用了较为高级的词汇。如句中age一词活用为形容词；句中remain unmar
14、ried短语的使用使得文章增色不少；句中look forward to的运用。文章上下文连贯比较紧密。比如在中so一词使得上下句之间有机连接起来，构成了因果关系；中since then的使用等。习作中使用了长短句结合的方式。如句中that引导的宾语从句的使用；句中几个并列谓语动词的运用等。如何写求职信求职信属于公务信函，格式和用词比较正规，其目的在于让聘用方了解自己的经验、能力、成就、愿望等，所以个人情况的介绍应该是求职信的核心内容，应尽可能向对方说明本人的长处，以便留下好印象，获得进一步面谈的机会。求职信一般包括以下内容：1介绍信息来源介绍信息来源通常是英文求职信正文部分的开篇句，它可使求职
15、信显得自然、顺畅。2表明求职心意介绍完信息来源，应向收信人表明自己写信的目的。3介绍个人简历并表明自己的优势此部分应详写，主要包括：出生日期、性别、教育程度、工作经验、特殊技能等。在介绍情况时，应对自己最适合所申请的工作的那些方面进行详细介绍。4表示感谢并请求答复黄金表达求职信的常用语言1开头语I learned from the newspaper that your company wantedto hire.I learned from the advertisement that your company wanted a.Im writing to apply for.Im writ
16、ing to you hoping that I may obtain an opportunity to.2常用短语be in good health,be good at,be expert in,have rich working experience,enjoy doing sth.,in ones spare time,be strict with,be kind to,get on well with3结束语I would be very thankful if you would give me an early reply.Thank you for an early reply.Could you please let me know if.Thank you very much.点击下列图片进入点击下列图片进入
