1、Class_ No._ Name_高考常用英语时态知识梳理一、时态：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。二、种类：（基本时态）（以do为例）一般现在时 (do，does)一般过去时 (did)一般将来时 (will do)现在进行时 (am/is/are+doing)过去进行时 (was/were+doing)过去将来would/was/were going to do现在完成时 (have/has+done)过去完成时 (had+done)一一般现在时1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every,
2、sometimes, at, on Sunday等。 I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.5）一般现在时表将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排
3、好的事情，或用在倒装句中。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 【一般现在时练习】1.我们每天晚上九点做作业。_2.他每天七点去上班。_3.我们经常下午打篮球。_4.他喜欢音乐。_5.地球围绕太阳转。_6. She has a nice cap. (变一般疑问句，并做肯定及否定回答)7.They play football in the garden everyday. (变成否定句)二、一般过去时1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yes
4、terday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? I saw Tom in the street yesterday. 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。 Did you want to speak to me now? Could you lend me your bike?4）用在虚拟语气中。 If I
5、were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. 特殊句式 It is time for sb. to do sth “到时间了；该了”， It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该了”，例如： It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示“宁愿某人做某事”，例如：Id rather you came tomorrow. 【一般过去时练习】1) I_(be) a teache
6、r 2 years ago.2) He _(be) a student now.3) He _(do) his homework at home every day.4) They _ (join) the Party in 2019.5) We _ (not eat) apples yesterday.6）He did morning exercises in the morning. (改为否定句)7） They had a big dinner yesterday. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)三、一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语tomorrow, th
7、e day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in a few days等连用。1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Will you be at home at seven this evening?2) be going to +不定式，表示将来计划做某事，或者按照迹象可能发生的事。What are you going to do tomorrow? Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.3) be +不定式表将
8、来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事，不与表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。He is about to leave for Beijing.【一般将来时练习】1.He _(do) his homework at school every day.2.They _(finish) their work yesterday.3.We _(visit) their farm next year. 4.我半小时后要吃午饭。_ 5.他将骑自行车去学校。_四、现在进行时
9、1. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 2. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel. 3. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 Its getting warmer and warmer. 4. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always chan
10、ging your mind.注意：不用进行时的动词 1) 事实状态的动词。如：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue2) 心理状态的动词。如：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate3) 瞬间动词。如：accept, r
11、eceive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.4) 系动词。如：seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn【现在进行时练习】用现在进行时完成下列句子:1. What_you_ (do)?2. I_ (sing) an English song.3. What_he_ (mend)?4. He_(mend) a car.5._you_(fly) a kite? Yes, _五、过去进行时1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过去进行时
12、的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。3) 常用的时间状语有：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while It was raining when they left the station. 六 现在完成时1)构成：助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词2) 现在完成时的用法：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already, before,
13、yet, never, ever等状语连用。例如：I have never heard of that before.Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.3) 现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。 如：for和since，以及 so far, now, today, this week(month, year) 等。 She has learnt English for 3 years. They have
14、lived here since 1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。 4）现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作，例如：If it has stopped snowing in the morning, well go to the park.注意：1.have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。have / has
15、gone (to) 表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人不在这里。 He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去了北京。2.延续动词与瞬间动词 1) 用于完成时的区别：延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。 He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果) Ive known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)2) 用于till / until 从句的差异：延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做直到” ；瞬间动词用于否定句
16、，表示“到，才”。 He didnt come back until ten oclock. 他到10 点才回来。 He slept until ten oclock. 他一直睡到10点。七、过去完成时1）概念：表示过去的过去。-|-|-|- t 那时以前 那时 现在 其结构是：had + 过去分词2）过去完成时的用法：1过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。2. 过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。3.在told, said, knew, h
17、eard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。4.在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。5. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能6过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。八、过去将来时1）基本概念：过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。 He said his
18、 mother would buy a bike for him。2）基本形式： wouldshould动词原形They were sure they would win the final victory他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。 3）过去将来时的一些其它表达形式： 1wasweregoing to动词原形 2waswereto动词原形 3waswere about动词原形 4过去进行时（一般多为动作概念较强的动词，如 go，come， leave，start， open，begin 等）也可用于表示将来。 I didnt know when they were coming again 时态
19、部分总复习题I Multiple choices1、As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come2、-Why did you leave that position?- I _ a better position at IBM. A.offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered3、- _ leave at the end of this month.-I d
20、ont think you should do that until _ another job.A. Im going to ; youd found B. Im going to ; youve foundC. Ill ; youll find D. Ill ; youd find4、-Your job _ open for your return.- Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept5、-Where did you put the car keys?-Oh, I _ I put them on
21、 the chair because the phone rang as I _ in.A. remembered ; come B. remembered ; was comingC. remember ; come D. remember ; was coming6、-How can I apply for an online course?-Just fill out this form and we _ what we can do for you. A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see7、I got caught in the r
22、ain and my suit_. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined8、-It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.-Oh, dont mention it. I _past your house anyway. A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come9、-Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?-Who _ it?A. w
23、rites B. has written C. wrote D. had written10、The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ in many worse hotels.A .was staying B stayed C. would stay D. had stayed. Fill in the blanks.1.We usually _ (get ) up at 7:00 every morning.2.She _ (watch) TV when she heard a loud knock at the door this time y
24、esterday.3.My mother _ (come) here tomorrow.4.Look ! Some one _ (dance) there.5.Wei Huas brother _ (join) the army in 2019.6.He _ (write) a letter this afternoon.7.Rice _ (grow) in the south of China.8.She said _ (go) to Japan next year.9.We _ (study) 2,000 words since we came to the school.10.By the end of last term he _ (teach) that class for 2 years.
