1、 2019-2019学年高一第二学期英语期末考试专题复习 -短文改错 错误设置规律及方法指导Learning Aims1）了解高考短文改错题的错误设置规律；2）掌握短文改错的改正方法；3）提高篇章结构分析和语言纠错的能力课前预习案 Previewing CaseWhen I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or
2、the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out.
3、 We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, well live to regret it.（2019全国卷）总结：题目设置一般按 1处 增加1处删除8处修改。 必考点包括1.必考名词的单复数；2.必考动词时态不一致；3.必考介词的误用、少用或多用；4.必考连词的误用、少用或多用；5.必考冠词的误用、少用或多用；6.常考代词的指代逻辑错误；7.常考形容词、副词词性误用；8.常考词语辨析，如much与many，few与little ；9.可考点：情态动词、主谓一致 。课堂探究案 1、冠词(a, an,
4、the)【错误类型】（1）冠词缺失；（2）冠词多余； （3）冠词a、an、the误用改错例1 As result, the plants are growing somewhere. 例2 In a fact, he never scared my classmates away.（2019全国卷）例3 As a experienced teacher, he is respected and loved. 【方法指导】特指时用the修饰，表示泛指且有“一”之意时，元音发音开头的单词前用an修饰，辅音发音开头的单词前用a修饰。同时还应注意习惯表达中冠词的使用情况。 【即时演练】(1) Besi
5、des, a friend is always good listener when you need one. (2) Now, we are planning a small party for the next Sunday.(3) Besides, the dog tends to bark a average of six hours a day.2、介词 【错误类型】（1）介词缺失；（2）介词多余；（3）介词误用改错例1 Luckily I had all my money on my pocket（2019全国卷） 例2 Thanks their help, we were al
6、l sent to a nearby hospital. 例3 Before we left for the restaurant, we discovered that it also sold ice cream.【方法指导】分析语境逻辑及检查介词与动词、名词、形容词、副词等的搭配。常考查含有介词的固定短语，因此要加强对短语的积累。【即时演练】(1) From then on, weve kept touch with each other through e-mails. (2) As the development of the Internet, there is a kind of
7、 language called the Web Language.(3) She wrote on my hand, ”Please come to here as often as possible. ”3、代词 【错误类型】（1）单复数代词误用；（2）前后指代不一致；（3）代词缺乏；（4）反身代词的误用。改错例1 Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment. 例2 I was happy when the toys worked, but , I got angry and broke it.（2019全国卷）例3 For a while parents
8、 bought me new toys. 【方法指导】分析上下文弄清人称代词的正确指代；主格人称代词作主语，宾格人称代词作宾语，形容词性物主代词作定语，名词性物主代词作主语、宾语和表语，反身代词作宾语或同位语；分析句子成分可以发现并增加缺少的人称代词。【即时演练】(1) I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped.(2)Youmaykeepthebooksforseveralweekssothatyoucanhaveenoughtimetofinishit.(3)Whenyouareawayfromhome,youshouldl
9、ookafteryou.(4) It is a very important thing. You must think over carefully.4、名词【错误类型】（1）可数名词单复数错误；（2）不可数名词后加s ； （3）名词所有格错误。改错例1for all these year-we had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed.（2019全国卷） 例2 The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. （2019全国卷）【方法指导】分析修饰语的单复数意义、主谓一致的特点和语境意义可以发现
10、并改正名词单复数错误；分析前后两个名词之间有无所属关系可以发现并改正名词所有格错误。常考的不可数名词有fun, progress, advice, information, equipment, furniture, news等。【即时演练】(1) Please give me some advices on how to write like a real writer.(2) Im very glad to have received the letter you sent me two week ago.5、形容词和副词【错误类型】（1）形容词、副词误用；（2）形容词、副词的比较级、最高
11、级误用；（3） much和many误用；（4）地点副词here、there误用。 改错 例1 global warming has already become a very seriously problem.（2019全国卷） 例2 The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. （2019全国卷） 例3 Much rare animals are dying out.（2019全国卷） 例4 I was buying a ticket to Hang Zhou. I was going to visit a friend here.（
12、2019全国卷）表语和补语为形容词，名词前的定语为形容词；I am happy. I find English interesting. a happy day副词可修饰动词、形容词、副词、过去分词、介词短语或整个句子；He runs very quickly. very good very muchUnfortunately, he was badly injured in a car accident last year.比较级用于两个人、物之间做比较；最高级用于三个或以上的人、物之间做比较；many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词，还可作副词表程度。 【即时演练】(1) I ha
13、d to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face!(2) When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.(3) I am so exciting that you will come to China.(4) Road safety has aroused （提高）the widely attention of the public.(5) Some think online shopping is more convenient(方便的) and the
14、goods are cheap.(6) There are so much road accidents every day.(7) I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him. 6、动词 【错误类型】（1）谓语动词的时态误用；（2）谓语动词的语态误用；（3）to后跟动词原形或动名词的误用；（4）介词后动词形态的误用； （5）非谓语动词现在分词与过去分词的误用 改错 例1 Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become.（2
15、019全国卷） 例2 She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.（2019全国卷） 例3 I was onlyfour when she passes away.（2019全国卷） 例4 I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hang Zhou.（2019全国卷） 例5 After hear your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. 【方法指导】根据上下文和时间状语检查动词
16、的时态和语态的运用及谓语的单复数是否正确；介词后作宾语的动词形态用动名词形式；to后可跟动名词或动词原形，根据搭配用法选择；现在分词和过去分词的区别为：前者表示“动作主动和进行”，后者表示“动作被动和完成”。【即时演练】(1) My sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. (2) A group of scientists found out that the environment of the country had polluted.(3) We “talked” to each other using ge
17、stures and write on each others hands.(4) Do we have right to treating(对待) animals in this way?7、连词和关联词【错误类型】（1）ever、never等误用；（2）连词、关联词的多用；（3）连词、关联词的少用；（4）and，or，but，so等关联词的误用；（5）从句连词尤其是which，what，that的误用。改错例1 There the air is clean or the mountains are green. 例2 Although we allow tomato plants to g
18、row in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.（2019全国卷）例3 He had a deep voice, he wasstrong and powerful. 例4 However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. 【方法指导】 在整句理解的基础上，理清前后句的逻辑关系，特别注意and、 or、 but、 after、before、ago、 however、besides、unles
19、s 、if等词的使用是否正确。另外，在理解句意的基础上正确判断句子结构和层次，判断定语从句和名词性从句引导词的使用是否正确。在定语从句中介词+which/whom，而不用that，非限制性定语从句也不用that引导。【即时演练】(1)All I had to do was to write a story or present it.(2) It was turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake. (3) Though you find something, but it doesnt mean i
20、t belongs to you.(4) Its a pity what some of us were not present.(5)Several days before, my colleagues and I visited a local school.训练案 Exercise短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横
21、线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。（1）One activity that my family and I enjoy do every summer is taking our boat out. Its so many fun! We always invite one of our neighbour, Paul, to go with us. Paul is also my best friend, whom is the same age as me. He is good for swimm
22、ing and fishing. I still remember last year he catches a very big fish. Every time we go boating, my father drives the boat. Sometimes he drives them really fast when we are sitting in front of the boat. We are very excited and happily. My mother always brings a lot of fruits and snacks. When we are
23、 hungry or thirsty, and we can eat them.（2）What is known to all, life is hard. We should not give out hope. By the time we do that, we will have been lost the chance to succeed. Chances are always there. We have to seize every singly opportunity to help, love and serving. To live a happier life, you must set our goals and even dream big. However, if we choose shortest path in life, we will miss much beautiful views. So be patient. The fastest way to gain love was to love others first! Do not hide your talent, your knowledge and your beautiful heart. Go for your dream and live for it.
