1、连云港外国语学校Unit1 AsiaGrammar翻译下列句子，说出it 在句中表示的意思。1.明朝和清朝的皇帝曾住在故宫，但它在1925年的时候被变成了博物馆。The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live in the Palace Museum.But_ in 1925.(it表示：_)it was turned into a museumthe Palace Museum2.有这么多形状不寻常的岩石真是神奇。_ that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes.(it表示：_)
2、3.从我家到学校大约3公里。_ from my home to my school,(it表示：_)It is amazingthat 从句的内容It is about 3 kilometres距离4.租一辆自行车，骑着它环游乡村也很受欢迎。_ a bike and ride around the countryside.(it表示：_ _Its also popular to hire hire a bike and ride around the countrysideUses of it用法一Using it as a pronoun用法二Using it as an impersona
3、l pronoun用法三Using it to replace the real subject or objectLook at the bird.It is so small.We use it for animals and lifeless things.Using it as a pronounThere is a small house over there.It is mine.The little baby is drinking milk.It weighs only 3 kilos.We use it for a young child when we do not kno
4、w whether it is a girl or a boy.-Who was calling you just now?-It was my cousin.We use it for an unknown person.We use it for an action,a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement.Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin,isnt it?Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Liji
5、ang River.It is a great fun.1.指代动物或无生命的东西。2.指代看不出性别的婴儿和小孩。3.指代不知道的人。（尤指打电话和敲门的状态下）4.指代前文出现的动作、状况和主意。总结1:it 做人称代词The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday.Kevin is writing about it.Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to.Write your answers in the blanks.Yesterday we
6、 visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it.The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake.The lake is very big it takes up three quarters of the area.It was frozen,so we could not row a boat there.It was really a pity.1._2._3._4._the Summer Palacethe lakethe l
7、akewe could not row a boatAcross the lake is a 17-hole bridge.There are many stone lions on either side of it.The lions are all different from each other.Isnt itamazing?While I was walking along the bridge,my mobile phone rang.It was my mum.I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.5
8、._6._7._the bridgedifferent lionsan unknown person有时并不指具体的东西，可指天气、气候、地点、温度、时间、距离、日期等。ItIt is 6:30 p.m.is 6:30 p.m.ItIt is raining heavily outside.is raining heavily outside.ItIt is 1 January today.is 1 January today.ItIt is New Years Day.is New Years Day.In Beijing,In Beijing,itit is cold and windy
9、in winter.is cold and windy in winter.ItIt is two kilometres from my school to my home.is two kilometres from my school to my home.总结2 it 做非人称代词Using it as an impersonal pronounit作非人称代词1.指天气。e.g.Its raining.2.指时间。e.g.Its half past eight.3.指环境。e.g.Its quiet here.4.指距离。e.g.How far is it from your home
10、 to your office?The exchange students left for Shanghai.Kevin has made some notes in his diary.Rewrite his sentences with it.1.Today is 22 February.We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning._.We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.2.Shanghai is about 1,300 kilometres from Beijing.
11、_ from Beijing to Shang hai.It is 22 February todayIt is about 1,300 kilometres3.I woke up at 5 a.m.this morning._ when I woke up this morning.4.I felt a little cold when we went out.The temperature was only 2.I felt a little cold when we went out._.5.Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing.In winter
12、,_.It was 5 a.m.It was only 2 it is very cold and dry in Beijing6.We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day._ when we arrived in Shanghai.7.We got to our hotel at noon._ when we got to our hotel.8.Our hotel is not far from the Bund._ from the Bund to our hotel.It was noonIt is not farIt was a sunny dayU
13、sing it to replace the real subject or objectSometimes we use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence.In this situation,we put the real subject or object later in the sentence in the form of a to-infinitive or a clause.e.g.It is very tiring to climb the steps.It is popular to hire a b
14、icycle and ride around the countryside.It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave.Many people find it pleasant to travel around.Useful structures with itIt is+adjective+(of/for)+toIt takes some time toIt is said/reported/thatthink(s)/find(s)it easy/difficult/toit作形式主语或形
15、式宾语有时为了保持句子的平衡，常用it作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放到句子的后面。1.形式主语。e.g.Its his duty to look after the sick boy.2.形式宾语。e.g.I find it quite easy to get on with Tom.It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave.It is important that we should learn English well.1）It is+adj.+that从句总结3 it 做
16、形式主语2）It is+adj.+to do sth.It is very tiring to climb the steps.It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.总结3 it 做形式主语a.It is kind(of sb.)to do sth.主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，stupid，wise wrong等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.is kind to do sth.。It is kind
17、 of you to say so.=You are kind to say so.b.It is necessary(for sb.)to do sth.常见的形容词有：important，necessary，natural,easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult,dangerous，等。It is important for her to come to the party.3).It takes sb.to do sth.做.要花费某人.It took thousands of people many years to build the Great
18、 Wall.特殊句式4)It is+v-ed+that 从句It is said(reported，learned.)that.据说（据报道，据悉）“。It is said that he has come to Beijing.Many people find it pleasant to travel around.We think it important to learn a foreign language.该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的
19、是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或不定式短语，动名词短语或thatthat引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。总结4:it 做形式宾语He felt it important to learn English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.总结4 it 做形式宾语Miss Thompson,a British teacher travelling with the exchange students,is w
20、riting down what she thinks about Shanghai.Help her complete her notes with it.Traffic:The traffic is often busy,but public transport here is quite good,so _(easy)for people to get around.Weather:_(sunny)and warm.We like _ here.Environment:_(said)that the air is not clean here,but I do not think the
21、 pollution is as serious as I imagined.it is easyIt is sunnyitIt is saidSigns:Shanghai is beautiful._(fun)to ride around the city and visit the interesting places.Food:Chinese food is delicious.I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try _ when I get back.Its funit Hotel:We all think
22、_(comfortable)to stay in this hotel.They provide a high level of service.People:The local people are friendly._(kind)of them to answer all our questions.its comfortableIts kindn.水平n.服务，工作1.The lake is very big it takes up three quarters of the area.湖很大，占了四分之三的面积。take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间）e.g.The table ta
23、kes up too much space.这张桌子太占地方了。quarter n.四分之一2.Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge.There are many stone lions on either side of it.湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。倒装句。表示方位的词或短语置句首时，句子要完全倒装。e.g.On the wall are pictures.注意：主语为代词时不倒装。e.g.Out he rushed.either det.&pron.两者之一either or 不是就是on either side of=on both s
24、ides ofe.g.You may take either of the roads.两条路你随便走哪一条。Tom is going to buy either a guitar or a piano.汤姆不是要买一把吉他就是一架钢琴。下列句中it的用法是什么？选出对应选项。()1.Its Tuesday today.()2.Its two miles to the beach.()3.Yesterday I bought a bag.Its red.()4.Its better to be early.a.刚提到的东西b.所未见或未知的人c.动物d.天气e.时间f.环境g.距离h.作形式主
25、语或形式宾语egah()5.Its cold today.()6.Its Lilys dog.()7.I think it necessary to visit Mr Wang.()8.It gets very crowded here in the summer.()9.Oh,by the way,there was a telephone call for you.Who was it?ia.刚提到的东西b.所未见或未知的人 c.动物d.天气e.时间f.环境g.距离h.作形式主语或形式宾语dcbfHomeworkFinish the addtional exercise.Review Grammar.Thank you!
