1、2021年高考一轮复习英语句法知识查漏补缺增分练07简单句之感叹句1.As I looked at the memorial, I thought about _ terrible life was for the Jews then and _ they were to fight the Nazis.A.how; howB.what a; howC.what; howD.how; what2._great fun it is to have a bowl of ice cream on such a hot day!A.WhatB.What aC.HowD.How a3._ it is t
2、o experience the first snowfall just before the New Year!A.How a funB.What funC.How funnyD.What a fun4._curly her hair_!A.What;areB.What;isC.How;isD.How;are5.The shocking news made me realize_ terrible problems we would face.A.whatB.ifC.howD.that6.It suddenly hit me difficult life was for women at t
3、hat time.A.what aB.whatC.howD.how a7._ it is to have a break between classes!A.What a great funB.What great funC.How funD.How funny8._ a ride it is!A.HowB.SoC.SuchD.What9.Many companies dont realize _ important the customers are, which is why they lose their customers unconsciously.A.whatB.whetherC.
4、howD.which10.Look at my new dress.Wow! _ beautiful it is!A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a11.The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face.A.thatB.howC.whyD.what12._ it is to have a cool drink after an _ game.A.How fun; exhaustingB.What fun; exhaustedC.What fun; exhaustingD.How fun; e
5、xhausted13.Weve all heard _ convenient shopping on the Internet is and that you can get things far cheaper.A.whatB.howC.thatD.which14._ terrible weather it was when the earthquake happened.A.WhatB.How aC.HowD.What a15._ it was to go there and have a party with my past classmates!A.How a funB.How fun
6、nyC.What a funD.What fun16.The mountain climbing not only got students close to nature, but also promoted the friendship among them. _A.How wonderful time!B.What wonderful a time!C.What wonderful time!D.What a wonderful time!17.Look at the flying pigeons in the sky.You cant imagine _ they played in
7、the battlefields.A.what crucial a roleB.what role crucialC.how crucial a roleD.how a crucial role18.Some famous persons appear in ads to tell _.A.how a product is wonderfulB.how is wonderful a productC.how wonderful is a productD.how wonderful a product is19.They went away without giving any help._
8、kind of people!A.What aB.HowC.How aD.What20._useful information it is!A.How B.WhatC.What a D.How a21._ interesting the film is!A.What B.What anC.How D.How a22._what the young man said just now about the result of the experiment sounded!A.How foolishly B.How foolishC.What foolishly D.What foolish23._
9、it is to listen to him telling stories!A.What funB.What a funC.How funD.What funny24._ it is to have a cold drink on such a hot day.A.What a funB.How funC.What funD.How a fun25._ great fun they had!A.What aB.WhatC.HowD.How a26._ fun it is to relax ourselves in a nature reserve 15 km _ south of Hangz
10、hou!A.What; theB.How; /C.What; /D.How; the27. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _ it was!A.How dangerous the sceneB.What dangerous a sceneC.How a dangerous sceneD.What a dangerous scene28._it is to have _exciting football game in the afternoon after school!A.Wha
11、t a fun; anB.How fun; aC.What fun; aD.What fun; an29.She told me_.A.what a sily boy he wasB.what a sily boy was heC.what a sily boyD.he was what a sily boy30._ it is to have a cold drink after an _ game!A.How fun; exhaustingB.What fun; exhaustedC.How fun; exhaustedD.What fun; exhausting31._ you dont
12、 know is that I spend _ little time I had with my kids.A.That; thatB.What; howC.What; whatD.That; how32._ great fun it is to have a swim on such a hot day!A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a33._ what the six blind men said sounded!A.How foolishlyB.How foolishC.What foolishlyD.What foolish34._ role she played
13、 in the movie! No wonder she has won an Oscar.A.How interestingB.How an interestingC.What interestingD.What an interesting35._terrible weather weve been having these days!A.How aB.What aC.HowD.What36._ it is to skate on real ice!A.What funB.What a funC.How a funD.What funs37.The shocking news made m
14、e realize _ terrible problems we would face.A.whatB.howC.thatD.why38. you may have , you should gather your courage to face the challenge .A.However serious a problemB.Whatever serious a problemC.However a serious problemD.No matter how a serious39.What _ it will be when you _ on the white sand in t
15、he warm sun!A.funny; lieB.fun; lieC.a fun; lieD.funny; lay40. a strange plant! Ive never seen it before.A.WhichB.WhatC.HowD.Whether41._ different China is from the one _ it was 60 years agoA.What a:thatB.How;thatC.What a;whichD.How;which42.You cant imagine _ when they heard the news.A.how they were
16、excitedB.how excited they wereC.how excited were theyD.they were how excited答案与解析1.A【解析】考查感叹句和宾语从句。句意:当我看着纪念碑时,我想到了当时犹太人的生活是多么可怕,以及他们将如何与纳粹作战。第一空为感叹句,感叹后文形容词terrible应用how;第二空为宾语从句,从句中缺少方式状语,表示“如何”应用how。故选A。2.A【解析】考查感叹句。句意:在这么热的天吃一碗冰激凌是多么有趣啊! 分析可知,本题考查感叹句。句式结构“_great fun it is”中,fun为不可数名词,意为“乐趣”,由此可推
17、知本句结构为“_ +adj. +不可数名词”,应用what引导感叹句。故选A项。【点睛】感叹句结构1.由what引导的:1)What +a/an +形容词+名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+ ! 例:What a clever boy he is! 或 What an interesting story it is! 2)What+ 形容词+复数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+ !例:What beautiful flowers they are!3)What+ 形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+ !例:What cold weather it is!2.由how引导的:1)How +形容词(+
18、 a +名词)+(主语+谓语+其他)+ !例:How clever a boy he is!2)How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)+ !例:How lovely the baby is!本题中“_great fun it is”结构中,fun为不可数名词,应为what感叹句式结构“3)What+ 形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+ !”。故答案为A项。3.B【解析】考查感叹句句型。句意:新年前第一场雪真有趣!由what引导的感叹句:what意为“多么”,用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是
19、:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is)!;由how引导的感叹句结构形式是:How+adj.+主语+谓语+(it is)!。在此处,fun为抽象名词,抽象名词前不加冠词,所以要和What搭配。故选B项。4.C【解析】考查感叹句。句意:她的头发多么卷曲啊!这里考查的是感叹句的特殊句型结构。根据语法规则how + 形容词/副词 + 主语 +谓语 +。或者是what + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语 +。这里根据结构分析此处是对curly形容词卷曲的进行感叹,故用how 句型结构。故选C。5.A【解析】考查感叹句作宾语从句。句意:这条令人震惊的消息让我意识到我们将面临多么可怕
20、的问题。分析句意和句子结构可知,本句为感叹句作宾语从句。感叹句中what所修饰的中心词是名词,how所修饰的中心词是形容词和副词。本题中空格后面的中心词是problems,意为“问题”,名词词性,故应用what修饰,表示“我们将面临多么可怕的问题”。故选A项。6.C【解析】考查感叹句。句意:我突然意识到那时女人的生活是多么艰难。固定句型It suddenly hit sb. (that )+从句,意为“某人突然意识到”,从句后面接了一个感叹句How + adj./adv. +主语+谓语,意为“多么”,应用how。故选C项。7.B【解析】考查感叹句。解题步骤:1.确定句型:感叹句可由what或h
21、ow引导,即what+(a/an)+adj.+n+(it is)!或how+adj/adv+主语+be/V!2.确定答案:分析可知,此处fun应是不可数名词,意为“乐趣”,由形容词great修饰,应选择what感叹句,即“What great fun it is”。句意:课间休息是多么有趣啊!故选B项。8.D【解析】考查感叹句。句意:多么棒的一次旅行啊!感叹句的两种基本表达方式为:what+a(n)+ adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语;how+adj/adv+ a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语,根据“a ride it is!”可知本句属于第一种表达方式,因此此处用What,故D项正确。9.
22、C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:很多公司都没有意识到顾客是多么重要,这就是它们在不经意间失去顾客的原因。A. what什么;B. whether是否;C. how如何,多么;D. which哪一。分析句子结构可知,此处是用感叹句作宾语从句,important是形容词,故用how引导,故选C项。【点睛】本题考查感叹句作为宾语从句,强调形容词/副词用how引导,强调名词用what引导。例如You cant imagine how difficult the problem is.你想象不到这个问题有多难。You cant imagine what a difficult problem it is.
23、你想象不到它是一个多么难的问题。10.A【解析】考查感叹句。句意:看我的新裙子。哇!多么美丽啊!此处是感叹句,what感叹的中心词是名词,而how感叹的是形容词和副词。此处beautiful是形容词,由how修饰,故选A。11.D【解析】考查感叹句。句意:这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合语意可知,此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句,what后接名词或者名词短语,故选D。【点睛】how与what的区别。一、用what引导的感叹句有三种句式,此时,what为形容词,用作定语,修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。1. What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!例如:Wh
24、at a nice day it is! 多么好的天气啊!What an interesting book that is! 那是一本多么有趣的书啊!2. What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!例如:What beautiful flowers they are!多么美丽的花啊!What good teachers they are!他们是多么好的老师啊!3. What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!例如:What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!What delicious food it is! 这是多么美味的食物啊!二、用how引导的感叹句有四种句式,此
25、时,how是副词,用作状语,修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。4. How +形容词+主语+谓语!例如:How hot it is today! 今天天气真热啊!How beautiful the flowers are! 这些花多么美丽啊!5. How+副词+主语+谓语!例如:How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊! How hard they work!他们工作多么努力啊!6. How+主语+谓语!例如:How time flies! 光阴似箭!How she dances! 她跳舞跳得多好啊!7. How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!此句式可与句式1进行转换。例如:
26、How old a building that is!(=What an old building that is!)那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊!特别提示what或how引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。例如:What a good girl! 多好的一个女孩子呀!How cold(it is)!天气多冷呀!比如本题,结合语意可知,此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句,what后接名词或者名词短语,故选D。12.C【解析】考查感叹句和形容词。句意:在一场筋疲力尽的比赛后喝一杯清凉的饮料是多么开心啊。感叹句的形式之一为: what 形容词不可数名词主语谓语。本句中的fun
27、为不可数名词。以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征,若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有此性质或特征,所以exhausting修饰game。故C选项正确。13.B【解析】考查感叹句句型结构。句意:我们都听说了网购是多么方便,可以以非常低的价格买到东西。分析句子成分可知,句中含有两个宾语从句,第一个是 convenient shopping on the Internet is;第二个是由that引导的宾语从句。在第一个宾语从句中省略了引导词that,且这是感叹句句型结构之一:How+形容词+主语+谓语! ,因为空后为形容词,故前面用how,故B选项正确。14.A【解析
28、】考查感叹句句型结构。句意:地震发生时,天气多么糟糕啊。weather为不可数名词,排除B、D两项;terrible weather为名词短语,应用what引导感叹句,故A选择正确。【点睛】What 引导的感叹句,What用作定语,修饰名词,其引导的感叹句句型结构之一为What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!,本题感叹句句型结构正好符合它,所以很容易判断出正确选项。15.D【解析】考查感叹句句型结构。句意:去那里和我以前的同班同学聚会是件多么有趣的事啊!fun是不可数名词,前面要用what修饰,且不用不定冠词;funny滑稽的,好笑的,与句子语境不符,故D选项正确。16.D【解析】考查感叹句
29、句型结构。句意:此次爬山不仅让学生们亲近了大自然,也增进了他们之间的友谊。多么美好的时光啊!横线处补充完整后为:What a wonderful time they had!或者How wonderful a time they had!本题省略了感叹句的主谓部分,故D选项正确。17.C【解析】考查感叹句。句意:看天空中那些飞翔的鸽子。你想象不到它们在过去的战场上发挥了多么关键的作用!强调单数可数名词,感叹句可有两种形式,“What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”或“How+形容词+a/an+名词+主语+谓语”,故C项正确。18.D【解析】考查感叹句。句意:一些名人出现在广告中,告诉我们
30、一个产品有多棒。How引导的感叹句的结构:How + 形容词 +主语 + 谓语,故选D。19.D【解析】考查感叹句。句意:他们没有提供任何帮助就走了。什么样的人!此处是感叹句,中心词是people,people用作主语时谓语用复数,不与a(n)连用,故选D。【点睛】感叹句中,what修饰名词1. What+a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!What an honest boy!2. What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!What important meetings they are!3. What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!What bad weather!感叹句中,
31、how修饰形容词或副词How patiently they are waiting for him!例:What a clever boy he is! 多么聪明的男孩!How clever the boy is!多么聪明的男孩!20.B【解析】考查感叹句。句意:这是多么有用的信息啊!感叹句句式包括:1.what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).;2. How+adj.+a/an+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).句中information是不可数名词,此处属于what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).句型。故B选项正确。21.C【解析】考查
32、感叹句。句意:多么有趣的电影呀!根据How+形容词+主语+谓语!What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。故选C。22.B【解析】考查感叹句。句意:刚才,这个年轻人对于这次实验结果所说的话,听起来是多么愚蠢啊!what和how都能引导感叹句,how后接形容词,而what后接名词,故选B。23.A【解析】考查感叹句。句意:听他讲故事是多么快乐呀!fun乐趣,是不可数名词。故选A。24.C【解析】考查感叹句。what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:1.What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!或是:What+名词词组+主语+谓语! 2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数
33、或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 由How引导的感叹句。 how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!fun为不可数名词,结合语境可知选C。25.B【解析】试题分析:由what引导的感叹句,what意为“多么”,用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分)。由how引导的感叹句,how意为“多么”,用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。此处修饰不可数名词fun,用What且不加a,故选B。考点:考查感叹句。26.C【解析】试题分析:考查感叹句和冠词。句意:在杭州南面15千米的一个自然保护区放松身心好开心啊!感叹句:how+形容词+名词+谓语,有具体数字直接+方向+of.,
34、故选C项。考点:考查感叹句和冠词27.D【解析】试题分析:考察感叹句。What和how的感叹句结构分别为what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).故选D该句意思为:那个小男孩开始在机动车道上全力骑自行车。真是惊险的一幕。考点:考察感叹句。28.D【解析】试题分析:考查不定冠词用法。fun是个抽象名词,但它的用法与其他的抽象名词又不尽相同。即使在具体话的时候也不加冠词a. what fun (it is) to do sth干某事多有趣呀。have an exciting football game 一场激动人心
35、的足球赛,an表泛指。句意:下午放学后去踢一场激动人心的足球赛是一件多么有趣的事儿啊。故选D考点:考查不定冠词用法。29.A【解析】试题分析:考查what感叹句用法。用what引导的感叹句(此句中what还引导宾语从句),此时,what为形容词,用作定语,修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。只有A符合语法。句子译为她告诉我是一个多么愚蠢的男孩。考点:考查what感叹句用法30.D【解析】试题分析:考查感叹句和形容词。how后跟形容词或副词,what后跟名词;fun是名词,排除A、C;exhausting令人疲惫的,修饰物;exhausted筋疲力竭
36、的,修饰人,这里修饰的是game,排除B,故选D。考点:考查感叹句和形容词31.C【解析】试题分析:考查代词。句意:你不知道的事我花多少的时间陪我的孩子们。这里是一个主语从句,what指后面的句子,后面的what是一个感叹句,所以选C。考点:考查代词32.C【解析】试题分析:在感叹句中,一般使用what对名词进行感叹,使用how对形容词,副词进行感叹。本句后面是名词fun,而且这一个不可数名词,不能和a连用,故使用what来引导起这个感叹句。句义:在如此炎热的天气里游泳真快乐啊!故C正确。考点:考察感叹句33.B【解析】试题分析:考查感叹句,what引导感叹句修饰名词,how引导感叹句修饰形容
37、词或副词,由此可知答案在AB之间,又因为这句话是连系动词sound,所以用形容词。选B。考点:考查感叹句点评;感叹句的考查主要是辨别what还是how,在做题时还可以用还原法,变成一个简单一点的句子,就容易多了。象这题可以改成The six blind men said sounded foolish.34.D【解析】试题分析:考查感叹句:句意:她在电影中扮演多么有趣的角色啊!难怪她获得了奥斯卡奖。这是感叹句,修饰的是名词可数名词role,前面要接修饰的形容词interesting,用what+冠词+形容词+名词,How修饰副词,或使用How+形容词+冠词+名词的结构,选D。考点:考查感叹句3
38、5.D【解析】试题分析:句意:我们这几天的天气是多么糟糕啊。这是感叹句,因为对weather进行感叹,用what,How是修饰形容词或副词,还有weather是不可数名词,不能用不定冠词,选D。考点:考查感叹句36.A【解析】试题分析:考查fun的用法和感叹句:因为在这里fun是作名词用,没有单复数之分,排除B和D,这个感叹句用How引导也是不可能的,用what引导,因为what修饰名词,所以排除C。考点:考查fun的用法和感叹句:点评:fun是不可数名词,没有单复数,适用于句型:Its fun to do sth.还有感叹句,要弄清修饰的是什么。37.A【解析】句意:这一惊人的消息让我意识到
39、我们会面临多么可怕的问题。本题考查感叹句作宾语从句。感叹句中what所修饰的中心词是名词,how所修饰的中心词是形容词或副词。此题中空格处后面部分的中心词是名词problems,所以选A项。38.A【解析】试题分析:考查让步状语跟感叹句的混合。句意:无论你有多么严重的问题,你都要鼓起勇气去面对挑战。However+adj+主+谓;whatever+n+主+谓语。首先明白这是个让步状语从句,what不可引导,故不选B。考点:考查让步状语从句点评:要记忆however和whatever在引导让步状语从句时的区别,并多做这方面的练习加以巩固。39.B【解析】考查感叹句。What修饰名词,而fun是不
40、可数名词,when引导的时间状语从句在主句为一般将来时态时应该用一般现在时表将来。所以选B。40.B【解析】考查感叹句。句意:多么奇怪的一株植物!我以前从来没有见过。what和how可以引导感叹句, 这里是What + a + adj + n. 结构,How后面接形容词,what后面接名词, 而which和whether不能引导感叹句。故选B。41.B【解析】考查感叹句和定语从句。句意:今天的中国与60年前是多么的不一样啊。第一个空格考查感叹句的引导词,被感叹的词是形容词different,所以用how感叹;what 和how引导感叹句的区别是:What+a/an+名词单数主语谓语;What+(名词复数/不可数)主语谓语;How+形容词/副词主语谓语;这里是how+形容词+主语+谓语;第二个空格是that引导定语从句,代替先行词the one在从句中作主语,故选B。42.B【解析】句意:你无法想象当他们听到这个消息时有多激动。由how引导的感叹句采用“how+形容词+主语+谓语”构成,此时how是副词,用来修饰其后的形容词,故选B项。