1、2016年1月份百题精练（1）英语试题第二部分 阅读理解（每题2分，共50分）第一节 阅读短文，选择最佳答案。ADecision-thinking is not unlike pokerit often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think what you think they think you think. The mental process(过程) is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable
2、 interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes; there are what he called games of perfect information, games like chess where the players cant
3、hide anything or play tricks; they dont win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of imperfect information, like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated
4、 as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse Business, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors(因素), best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit t
5、hat they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.41The subject discussed in this text is _.A.the process of reaching decisionsB.the difference between poker and chess.C.the secret of making good business plansD.the value of information in winning
6、games42An important factor in a game of imperfect information is _.A.rules B.luck C.time D.ideas43Which of the following can be used in place of Quite the reverse in paragraph 3?A.Quite right. B.True enough. C.Most unlikely. D.Just the opposite.44In the writers opinion, when making business decision
7、s one should _ .A.put perfect information before imperfect informationB.accept the existence of unknown factorsC.regard business as a game of chessD.mix known and unknown factorsBRoughly half of college students will have some degree of depression at some point during their time in school. Even more
8、 startling, 6.2 percent of college students surveyed in 2012 considered suicide and 1.3 percent attempted it, according to an American College Health Association study released this spring. If youre feeling depressed on campus, you may find the following tips helpful.Exercise: Physical activity rele
9、ases endorphins chemicals that produce an overall positive feeling within the body, which fight depression naturally. Mental health experts claim that exercise is a solution to those feeling mild or moderate depression. However, for those severely depressed, simply doing sports is not enough.Use sch
10、ool counseling services: Campuses dont employ mental health experts simply to throw thousands of dollars down the drain. Their job is to help students, so experts recommend you use them. Most students, however, are hesitant to take a trip to their colleges counseling center, fearing being laughed at
11、 by peers. As a result, some schools like Texas Christian University, are testing students for mental health problems when they get sick and visit the campus health clinic.Take advantage of technology: Staying in touch with family members and friends from childhood and high school has become easier
12、than ever with the coming of Facebook and video chat services like Skype. While mental health experts insist that its important to make friends in your new environment and be involved in the college community, its also significant to keep in touch with the people you knew before college.Go to sleep:
13、 Following a fairly regular sleep pattern can defend you against depression. In college, many students sleep patterns are irregular thanks to late-night studying and partying, which is harmful to their mental health. Research strongly suggests that sleep is the key to learning and memory formation.4
14、5According to the passage, physical activity _ .A. is regarded as the best way to fight depressionB. contributes to the release of endorphinsC. cant help the seriously depressed studentsD. improve peoples ability to learn and memorize46It can be inferred from the 3rd paragraph that _ .A. employing m
15、ental health experts on campus is a waste of moneyB. students with mental health problems cant get on well with othersC. going to colleges counseling center for help requires a lot of courageD. sick students in Texas Christian University must take psychological tests47Taking advantage of technology
16、is encouraged because it _A.enables students to get involved in college lifeB.helps students stay in contact with othersC.offers students a way to make new friendsD.provides a way to avoid getting bored48which of the following can NOT help one reduce depression?A.Taking exercise regularly every week
17、B.Chatting with old friends with SkypeC.Turning to mental health experts for adviceD.Holding parties deep into the night to relaxCShyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are concerned with their own appearance and act
18、ions too much. Negative thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. A persons self-concept is reflected in t
19、he way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other peoples reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, who have low respect, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need faith that they
20、 are doing the right thing. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior（自卑）.They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: Youre just saying that t
21、o make me feel good, I know its not true.” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self res
22、pect. It is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths. Each one of us has his or her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and successful life.49Th
23、e first paragraph is mainly about_.A.the cause of shyness B.the effect of shyness on peopleC.the feelings of shy people D.the questions in the minds of shy people50According to the writer, self-awareness is_.A.harmful to people B.a weak point of shy peopleC.the cause of unhappiness D.a good characte
24、ristic51What is the shy peoples reaction to praise?A.They are pleased by it. B.They feel it is not true.C.They are very sensitive to it. D.They feel they are worthy of it.52We can learn from the passage that shyness can _.A.block our chances for a successful life B.help us to live up to our full dev
25、elopmentC.enable us to understand ourselves better D.have nothing to do with lack of self respectDYou may have heard of the American Dream, an ideal that has powered the hopes of Americans for generations.It began as a belief that the US was a land of opportunity, and that anyone could achieve succe
26、ss through hard work. At times, the dream has referred to home ownership, a good job, retirement security or each generation doing better than the last.Yet today, this concept seems to have greatly changed. As Time magazine pointed out, quite different from the older generation, many Millennials (th
27、e generation born after 1980) redefine(重新定义) the American Dream as “day-to-day control of your life”. They “prize job mobility, flexible schedules, any work that is more interesting than typing, and the ability to travel”, said the magazine.Home ownership, once the cornerstone of the American Dream,
28、 is becoming a smaller priority for this generation. Meanwhile, nearly 40% of them choose travel as part of their dream. And entrepreneurship(创业) is a rising favorite, as nearly 26% of Millennials consider self-employment as part of their dream.So what has led to this huge change?Many point fingers
29、at the poor economy. “Modern young Americans seem bound to face a world stamped by ever narrowing opportunity and social stagnation(停滞),”noted The Daily Beast.“The rate of 16-to 24-year-olds out of school and out of work is unusually high at 15%. Many college graduates have taken jobs that dont requ
30、ire a degree,” Time reported.The magazine worries that these difficulties may lead to a lost generation who are “unable to ever truly find their feet on the corporations ladder”.Dan Kadlec, a reporter of Time, sees Millennials as resetting their expectations.”This situation is different for young ad
31、ults today,” he wrote. “A true American dream has to feel attainable, and many Millennias are feeling they can only attain a day-today lifestyle that suits them.”53The underlined word “cornerstone” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. growth B. balance C. basis D. purpose54 What has change
32、d Millennials view of the American Dream according to the passage?A. A lack of confidence in themselves B. Fierce competition in the job marketC. Their dissatisfaction with the government D. The discouraging economy and unemployment55Dan Kadlec thinks Millennials new definition of the American Dream
33、 is _.A. beautiful B. understandable C. worrying D. positive56What can be the best title for this passage?A. Redefinition of American Dream B. Meaning of American DreamC. Value of Achieving American Dream D. History of Changing American DreamESince around the later part of the 1950s, society started
34、 to realize that tobacco cigarettes caused health problems. As research progressed along with increasing numbers of people that developed lung cancer, emphysema, and other smoking related illnesses, cigarette smoking has become less accepted and popular. Unfortunately, the nicotine contained in ciga
35、rettes is one of the most addictive substances on the planet and makes quitting smoking one of the hardest things to do. In 2003, Chinese pharmacist, Hon Lik invented the electronic cigarette as a safer, and cleaner way to breathe in nicotine after his father, a heavy smoker, passed away from lung c
36、ancer attributed to smoking tobacco cigarettes.Hon Lik applied for his first patent on the electronic cigarette in 2003 and afterwards introduced e-cigs to the Chinese market in the following year through his employer, Golden Dragon Holdings. Golden Dragon Holdings later changed the companys name to
37、 “Ruyan” in order to better match the companys name(Ruyan means “almost like smoke”)to the new product. Since the renaming, the Ruyan company has continued e-cigarette development and grown to be one of the largest global e-cig manufactures.Dr.Sam Han, CEO of Cixi E-CIG Technology, Inc, Ltd. also ha
38、s a number of e-cig related inventions, including four patents in the United States and two in China that are electronic cigarette and e-liquid technology related. Similar to Hon Liks father. Dr. Han was a heavy smoker for more than 40 years before beginning to work on electronic cigarette technolog
39、ies in order to help himself and others make the shift to vapor smoking. Dr.Han continues to market and conduct R&D in e-cig related techonologies to this date.After the successful deployment of Ruyan and Cixi E-CIG electronic cigarettes in China and Asia, the products started to be sold in signific
40、ant quantities on the Internet.57How many years is it since the electronic cigarette was first invented according to the passage?A. About 5 years. B. About 11 years. C. About15 years. D.About 20 years.58Whats the direct reason why Hon Lik invented the electronic cigarette according to the passage ?A
41、.Tobacco cigarettes caused health problems.B.Tobacco cigarettes were too expensive for customers to buy.C.Quitting smoking became one of the hardest things to do.D.His father died from lung cancer due to smoking tobacco cigarettes.59Since when have Chinese smokers have been able to buy Hon Liks elec
42、tronic cigarettes according to the passage?A.2000. B.2003. C.2004. D.2005.60Whats the correct order of the following events according to the passage? Hon Lik applied for his first patent on the electronic cigarette. Hon Liks father died from lung cancer because of smoking tobacco cigarettes. Hon Lik
43、s electronic cigarettes were introduced to the Chinese market. The name of the company Golden Dragon Holdings was changed to “Ruyan”.A. B. C. D.第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Motive Teens to ReadWith lots of studies showing the benefits of reading, how can teachers motivate thei
44、r students to open a good book or power up their e-reader?Lead by ExampleRequire students to spend at least 20 minutes in dependent reading every day. By taking part in this regular activity themselves ,teachers show that they consider reading very important. 61 Freedom to Choose62 For those who for
45、get their books ,provide them with access to novels, magazines or newspapers during required reading time.Consider allowing students to use their personal ereadersShare Your ExcitementTeachers excitement for a particular book may have a huge influence on their students . 63 _ Then when it comes time
46、 for them to choose a new book, suggest your favorite.Visit the LibraryMake time to visit the school library and require students to borrow at least one book of interest. 64 _ By doing so, they can make sure the book fits their interests.Stay InformedTeachers can help motive students by finding out
47、the latest popular young adult reading matter, such as “The Hunger Games” by Suzanne Collins and the “Uglies” by Scott Westerfeld.With varied activities competing for students time and attention, it can be difficult to encourage youngsters to read. 65 Teachers who make independent reading a daily pa
48、rt of the classroom experience and find creative ways to motivate their students may be on the way to writing a success story.A. They can read books in silence.B. Give students a taste of what the book is about.C. There is science fiction that they are interested in.D. Encourage them to spend some t
49、ime reading the book before borrowing.E. However ,there is little doubt that reading can help with students studiesF. Therefore, they always find time to read even though they are terribly busy.G. Allow students to pick their own literature ,as long as it is suitable for school reading.参考答案阅读理解：第一节 A篇ABDB B篇BCBD C篇BDBA D篇CDBA E篇BDCD 第二节 FGBDE
