1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家安徽和县2017高考英语阅读理解（一轮）选编及答案阅读理解训练 (2015山东省威海市二模)British planning experts are heading to China to advise on building cities that do not damage the environment. They will address mayors on the need to avoid US. Model by building dense(稠密的) cities with lowcarbon buildings and good public
2、transport. Their visit follows a report warning that the roadbased US. Model could make climate change impossible to control.Europes denselypopulated cities, with strong public transport links, are held up as an example for China to follow. By good planning and spending a little more, livable new ci
3、ties could be built with lowcarbon infrastructure(基础设施). In China many institutions are taking the climate more seriously than before and the traveling group from Britains Town and Country Planning Association will meet officials from the Chinese governments economic research agency in a workshop on
4、 lowcarbon buildings.They will also meet officers in fastgrowing Shenyang, which has more than six million inhabitants(居民). On another day they will present their ideas at the National Academy. Several of Chinas major cities suffer heavy traffic jams. Some of their leaders are now looking for new id
5、eas to make cities more denselypopulated, while the mayors of some fastgrowing cities are hoping to build in a less energyconsuming way.China also suffers a crisis of agricultural land, so highdensity planning has many benefits. Kate Henderson said “As more and more people across the world move from
6、 rural to urban areas we must guarantee our cities grow stably.” This means delivering schools, parks and public transport alongside employment areas and housing. “We look forward to sharing our thinking on how Garden City principles can be appliedboth to creating new cities and to renewing existing
7、 ones.”文章大意：英国设计专家将来中国为我们建设环保而密集型的城市提供建议。8Why does the writer mention US. Model in the passage?ATo show the advantages of Europes Model.BTo enrich our knowledge about City Model.CTo tell us its disadvantages and give us a warning.DTo convey American experts views on city planning.答案：C细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话
8、“.warning that the roadbased US. Model could make climate change impossible to control.”可知。9What is unique for Europes denselypopulated cities?AThe roadbased Model is good for the environment.BIt can speed up the growth of the newlybuilt cities.CIts inhabitants enjoy the convenience of the wide road
9、s.DIts designs focus on lowcarbon buildings and public transport.答案：D推理判断题。由第二段前两句话“Europes denselypopulated cities, with strong public transport links, are held up as an example for China to follow. By good planning and spending a little more, livable new cities could be built with lowcarbon infras
10、tructure(基础设施)”可知。10What does the underlined word “they” in Para 3 refer to?ABritish planning experts.BMayors from Chinas major cities.COfficers from Shenyang.DLeaders from Chinese institutions.答案：A猜测词义题。由所在句后动作“will present their ideas at the National Academy(将会在国家研究院展示他们的理念)可知，他们指的是英国设计专家。该题因为看不懂画
11、线句后的动作，所以易误选B、C项。11What is the best way to make Chinese cities grow stably?ABy saving more agricultural lands.BBy building apartments near working areas.CBy persuading people to move to rural parts.DBy building environmentfriendly dense cities.答案：D推理判断题。由文章大意可知。社会生活型阅读理解(一)-C Big Brothers Big Sister
12、s is based on the simplicity and power of friendship. It is a programme which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable_young_people (ages 717)with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend. Volunteer tutors come from all walks of lifemarried, single，with or wit
13、hout children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers.They are tutors: someone to trust, to have fun with, to talk and go to when needed. A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at
14、least twelve months. They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park，cooking，playing sport or going to a football match.These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop positive selfrespect，confidence and life direction. Big Brothers Big Sisters organizations exist t
15、hroughout the world. It is the largest and most wellknown provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years. Emily and Sarah have been matched since March 2008. Emily is a 10yearold girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school. “
16、I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.” Emilys mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by “providing different feedback (反馈) about herself other than just relying on schoolmates to measure her selfworth” Sarah wanted to get involved in a vol
17、unteer programme. “I googled it and found out how to be a part of it. I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes its all work and no play.” Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. They love and l
18、ook forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful, happy and unique girl she is!1. What is the aim of Big Brothers Big Sisters? ATo offer students public services. BTo help students improve their grades. CTo organize sport ac
19、tivities for young people. DTo provide partnership and fun for young people. 2. A volunteer is usually expected to work within a year for at least _A24 hours B36 hours C48 hours D72 hours 3. According to Emilys mother, this programme may provide Emily with _ Aadvice from her teachers Ba new way to a
20、ssess herself Ca new way to judge her schoolmates Dmore comments from her schoolmates4. Why did Sarah want to get involved in the programme? AShe used to be a volunteer. BShe needed a parttime job. CShe felt a bit bored with her life. DShe wanted to get a challenging job.5. According to the passage,
21、 “vulnerable young people” are probably those who are _ Apopular at school Brather weak physically Ceasily hurt emotionally Dconfident in themselves【参考答案解析】C【要点综述】 文章主要讲述了Big Brothers Big Sisters这样一个项目，该项目为情感上容易受挫折的孩子提供了帮助。1D根据文章第一段第二句“It is a programme which provides friendship and fun by matching
22、vulnerable young people”可知，这个项目是“通过让成人陪伴一些内心比较脆弱的孩子，从而来提供友谊和乐趣”。A选项是说为学生提供公共服务；B选项是说帮助学生提高分数；C选项是说为年轻人组织体育活动；D选项是说给年轻人提供友情和乐趣。所以选D。2B根据文章第三段第一句可知，志愿者要每年至少参加12个月，每个月三到四次，每次花一到四个小时。由此可以得出，志愿者一年之内最少要工作123136小时。3B根据文章第六段第一句“by providing different feedback(反馈) about herself other than just”可知，这个项目可以向Emil
23、y的妈妈提供一些关于她孩子不同的反馈，而不是仅仅只依赖同学的评价来评估Emily的自我价值。4C根据文章第七段最后一句“because sometimes its all work and no play.”可知Sarah想要通过参加这个项目来找些事儿做，因为有时候生活充满了工作而没有放松。A：她曾经是一个志愿者；B：她需要一份兼职工作；C：她感觉生活有点儿无趣；D：她想要获得一份有挑战性的工作。所以选C。5C由文章的第一段可知这个项目可以为这些孩子提供玩伴和乐趣。再由文章的第三段可以得知，这个项目可以为孩子们提高自尊、自信和找准生活方向。再由文章的第五段可以得知，Emily在学校很难被同学接
24、受。综上分析，可以得出，vulnerable young people是指“情感上容易受伤害的人”。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Dave Bruno works as an online marketing manager. Several years ago, one weekend Bruno and his family did a major house cleanup and then donated several bags of unneeded items to the local Goodwill store. “After all
25、were done, I looked around and realized that I still had too much stuff”， says Bruno, “It occurred to me that maybe I wanted to lead a simple life but in reality I behaved differently.” That realization prompted the 39-year-old father of three to try an experiment, “The 100 Thing Challenge”.With the
26、 goal of breaking free of what he calls a “bad habit of consumerismBruno was determined to live for one year with just 100 personal items. He cut down his possessions to 94 items, including a Bible, laptop, guitar, wedding ring, car and clothes. He created some guidelines for the experiment since hi
27、s wife and daughters did not participate-family-shared and household items did not count as personal items. He also grouped together some basic things such as underwear and socks. Bruno began blogging about his new lifestyle and eventually wrote a book, The 100 Thing Challenge: How I Got Rid of Almo
28、st Everything, Remade My Life, and Regained My Soul.Since completing the experiment, Bruno has continued to live by the motto: reduce, refuse, and rearrange and maintains just 110 personal things. “ Nearly three years of living with a minimal amount of personal possessions, Im no longer in the habit
29、 of consuming for the sake of consumption(消费)，” he wrote in his blog last week, “That has freed me up for all sorts of better endeavors than shoppinglike spending time with family and writing a book and planning for business opportunities.”Brunos project has also inspired others to live minimally, m
30、any of whom post their own 100 Thing Challenge updates on YouTube. “The reality is that the 100 Thing Challenge is surprisingly easy”， says Bruno, “ I m not saying there were no challenges or disappointments. I miss some things, but not that much. Frankly, its far easier to live with less stuff than
31、 with excessive trash.”31.What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1?A.Bruno regretted to have an easy life.B.Bruno had a special behavior in reality,C.Bruno and his family led a happy life.D.Bruno would have liked a life with fewer items.【答案】D【解析】句意猜测题。根据下文The 100 Thing Challenge可知Bruno想
32、用更少的东西在日常生活中，故选D。32.The things were included in Brunos 94 items EXCEPT _.A.socks B. a Bible C. cookers D. a wedding ring【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据He cut down his possessions to 94 items, including a Bible, laptop, guitar, wedding ring, car and clothes.只有炊具没有提到，故选C。33.It can be inferred in the last paragraph
33、 that _.A.it is less possible for people to live simplyB.Bruno met some difficulties in the experimentC.many people were inspired to update their blogsD.getting rid of the habit of over-consumption is easy【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据I m not saying there were no challenges or disappointments可知Bruno在实验中也遇到了一些困难，
34、故选B。34.What can we learn from the passage?A.Bruno hasnt blogged for a long time. B. Unneeded things should be thrown away.C.Bruno has succeeded in the experiment. D. The family show interest in the experiment.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据Brunos project has also inspired others to live minimally可推知有人愿意去效仿这说明Brun
35、o的实验成功了，故选C。 35.What is the best title for the passage?A.Live with 100 Things B. Defeat 100 Challenges in LifeC.Survive by Your MottoD. Consume for Consumptions Sake【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。根据短文的内容主要叙述了Bruno做实验用100项的生活用品.来进行简朴的生活，故选A。 社会生活型阅读理解(二)-AIncreased use of the Internet and mobile phones is underminin
36、g pupils capacity for independent study and promoting poor grammar.Cranfield School of Management found almost 6 in 10 schoolchildren were copying information directly from websites for homework tasks without properly reading it.More than a quarter thought it was an acceptable practice, even though
37、they know it was considered plagiarism (剽窃)The study, based on a sample of around 260 pupils aged from 11 to 18 at a secondary school in the Midlands, raised fresh concerns that modern technology was having a destructive effect on young people.Andrew Kakabadse, Professor of International Management
38、Development at Cranfield, said, “Our research shows that technology obsession prevents spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning.“Despite school policies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets.
39、The mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day.”The report revealed that socalled “textspeak” was increasingly finding it was into pupils school work.3 in 10 students admit to using text message shortcuts, such as “r u ok” in essays and classroom tasks.
40、It followed a study earlier this year that found almost half of teachers failed to understand some pupils writing because it was so full of confusing language. Phrases such as “innit” and “Gr8” were regularly found in school work. The Cranfield study found that mobile use was so common that many pup
41、ils chose to ignore school rules on phones.More than a third said they would use their phones in class, while nearly three quarters said they would not even make an excuse to leave class to answer a phone call.1. The underlined word “undermining” in the first paragraph can best be replaced by “_”Ade
42、terminingBkeepingCweakeningDincreasing2. It can be inferred from what Kakabadse said that _Ahe is in favour of students mobile phone usage at schoolBhe believes schools are responsible for technology obsessionCthe research finds a new way to improve school managementDit is hard to limit students mob
43、ile phone usage at school3. What can we learn from the passage?AMost students writing skills are becoming worse.BText message language may affect pupils language skills.CStudents like to invent new words in their writing.D30% of pupils often send text messages when studying.4. The passage is mainly
44、about _Athe negative effect of technology on students studyBtechnologys positive influence on students achievementCthe importance of online social communicationDthe rapidly growing role of communication technologies5. Whats the attitude of the author to the problem?AOptimistic.BApproving.CAnxious.DT
45、olerant.【参考答案解析】A【要点综述】 使用互联网和手机的学生越来越多了。可是，科技不仅给学生们带来了便捷，也给他们的学习带来了很多不利影响。 1C根据第二、三两段可知，靠照搬网上资料完成家庭作业，实际上是一种抄袭，会影响学生的独立学习能力。undermine是“逐渐损害，削弱”的意思，故此处选C。 2D根据第六段第一句的“with the majority making calls from the toilets.”和第二句“The mobile phonethe school day.”可推出，限制学生在学校使用手机是很困难的。3B根据第七至九段可知，短信语言可能会给学生的语言技能带来不利影响。 4A文章的第一段就点明了文章的大意“高科技的使用对孩子的学习有不好的影响。”故选A。5C从文章的字里行间可以看出作者对学生使用高科技产品(诸如手机之类)持忧虑态度。故答案为C。高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！
