1、北京四中2015高考英语短文改错、阅读理解国庆作业（6）及答案短文改错It is bad manners in the classroom to look for what our 1. _neighbor had written, or try to see what mark he has received 2. _without being permitted. It is good manners for them to help 3. _each other if we have the same desire and the teacher allows to it. 4. _In
2、 examinations and in certain kinds of written work, it is dishonest 5. _and foolishly to help or to ask help from others. When one student 6. _does so, much larger values are destroying. One may not agree 7. _to examination system, but at present it is basically the only 8. _measure that the teacher
3、 and the rest of the world can depend to 9. _decide if or not each of us meets the requirement. 10. _答案及解析1. for改为at。在教室看邻座所写的是不礼貌的， look for为寻找， 通常指失去的找回来。 2. had改为has。此处主从时态应一致。 3. them改为us。考查代词一致。由本句后文“if we have.”可判断。4. 删除to。考查动词allow为及物动词， 后面的介词to应删去。 5. 此行无错误。6. foolishly改为foolish。and 连接的两个形容词
4、在形式上应该保持一致。 7. destroying改为destroyed。考查动词语态，“much larger values”应被摧毁。8. examination system之前添加the。“examination system”此处特指下文中的“the only measure”。9. depend后添加on。 “depend on”为固定短语， 指依赖、 依靠。10. if 改为whether。考查if和whether在表“是否”时用法的区别。if不能与or not连用。【由北京市丰台区2014高考模拟改编】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Myt
5、hIt is true that world population is growing, but this is not the cause of our current and future global problems. Believing this will cause us to ignore the real problem and risk long-term damage to our planet.Let me start by explaining why overpopulation is a myth. For one thing, the UN Population
6、 Division regularly predicts population growth but provides a low variant (变量), medium variant, and high variant to factor in various possibilities. In the 2010 revision, their high variant suggests that the world population will be almost 16 billion in 2100, but the low variant predicts it will pea
7、k at 8 billion and decrease to just over 6 billion by 2100. In most cases, it is the low variant that has come true in the past, suggesting the same will be true of their future population predictions. In addition to this, the size of families is actually decreasing. For another, if the Earth is ove
8、rpopulated, there needs to be insufficient (短缺) food, water, and space for humans to live. However, Indian economist Raj Krishna estimates that India alone is able to increase crop produce to the point of providing the entire worlds food supply. The World Food Programme confirms that there is suffic
9、ient food grown to feed the world and there is the same amount of fresh water on the planet now as there was 10,000 years ago. So how is it possible that the number of people in the world is affecting our planet?Therefore, it is not an increase in population but an increase in consumption that is a
10、severe threat. Materialism and overconsumption are facts of life for everybody in the western world, as possessions reflect a persons status in society and people strive to obtain happiness through owning the latest fashionable goods. Not only that, but waste is a common occurrence which has a huge
11、effect on our resources. It is a sad truth that 80% of the worlds resources are currently used by just 20% of the worlds population.Our overconsumption must be addressed now to make our lives more sustainable (可持续的) and avoid continuing the terrible damage to the environment we are causing. The key
12、is education. If we do not work towards this but instead focus on the wrong issue, we may find ourselves living on a planet that can no longer sustain human life.1. According to the author, what causes our current and future global problems? A. The increase in population. B. Shortage of food and wat
13、er. C. The fast growth of material needs. D. Failure to protect the environment.2. The underlined word “myth” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _.A. fact B. misconceptionC. possibilityD. uncertainty3. The author stresses that _. A. people should save food and water B. economists are making wro
14、ng predictions C. wrong judgment leads to serious consequences D. measures should be taken to reduce population4. What is mainly discussed in the passage? A. The real cause of global problems. B. The severe effect of overpopulation. C. Reasonable use of natural resources. D. Methods to reduce overco
15、nsumption.【参考答案】CB C.A阅读理解。Getting into the CityFrom John F. Kennedy International AirportQueens:（718)244-4444Distance to midtown:15 milesTime to midtown:50-60 minutesHours of operation:24Travelers Aid:(718)656-4870MTA-New York City Transit Authority130 Livingston St., Brooklyn 11201;(718)330-1234,
16、www.mta.info. Buses from the airport connect with subway stops in Queens and Brooklyn: a free shuttle goes from JFK terminals to the A line; the Q3 bus goes to the F line; and the B15 goes to the 3 line. Also, the Q10, operated by Green Bus Lines(718 995-4700), connects to the E,F, J, and Z lines. B
17、us/ subway fare is 1.5, paid in exact change, with a token, or with a MetroCard. Reader card#67.Ad on p.43.New York Airport Service(718)8758200, . Operates bus shuttle every 2030 minutes to NYCs Penn Station, Port Authority, and Grand Central Terminal(13) and to Manhattan hotels between 33rd and 57t
18、h Sts. (15). Reader card #230. Ad on p.25.SuperShuttle5215 11th St., Long Island City, Queens 11101;(212)2097000,(800)2583826, . Doortodoor transportation, 24 hours, 365 days. Look for the blue van. Reader card #123. Ad on p.39.1. If you want to know more about the MetroCard, you can .A. visit .B. t
19、elephone (212)2097000 or (800) 2583826C. read the ad on page 43 of the bookD. visit 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。广告类的文章，可运用查读法。题干对MetroCard提问，查找文章的New York City Transit Authority部分，发现最后的内容提到了MetroCard，并且从最后一句话 “Reader card#67.Ad on p.43.”可知，答案为C。2. What do you know about New York City subway lines from the read
20、ing?A. They supply door to door transportation.B. They are directly connected with the airport.C. They run 24 hours, 365 days, marked with colors.D. They are marked with either numbers or letters. 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。本题需要细看文章，先定位题干的 “New York City subway lines”, 而后从文章的 “New York City Transit Authority”
21、 部分看到 “subway stops in Queens and Brooklyn: a free shuttle goes from JFK terminals to the A line; the Q3 bus goes to the F line; and the B15 goes to the 3 line. Also, the Q10, connects to the E,F, J, and Z lines.”, 其中，“A line”、“the F line” 和 “3 line.” 都是地铁线路，有字母和数字，故答案为D。 3. Suppose you want to get
22、to a Manhattan hotel in 23rd Street from the airport, youd better .A. take a bus shuttleB. take a bus by Green Bus LineC. take SuperShuttleD. take a subway 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。要从机场去Manhattan hotel in 23rd Street，查读第二部分, 在New York Airport Service中提到了Manhattan hotels，接下来的SuperShuttle介绍了5215 11th St., Lon
23、g Island City,” 故答案为C。 阅读理解-A A caring mother is the single most important factor in Preventing teenagers from abusing(滥用)drugs and alcohol，researchers said on Friday. An international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems，and a
24、 strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them. “These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”said Dr.McArdle，of Newcastle University in northern England,who led the study.“They also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more
25、effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.”The report,which is published in the journal Addiction,involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in England, Ireland, Italy，Germany and the Netherlands.They were questioned about their use of several kinds of drugs and alcohol.The teenage
26、rs also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents,how well they were supervised(监护)after school and whether they were allowed to meet friends at home. “Both the quality of family relationships and the structure of families have significant influences on yo
27、uth drug use,”McArdle said in a statement.But he added a strong maternal bond offered the greatest protection against developing drug habits.The rate of drug abuse among teenagers living with both parents and who had a good relationship with their mother was 16.6 percent.If either factor was missing
28、 ,the drug abuse rate rose to 32 percentMore than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mother used drugs Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol but McArdle said no
29、one is dealing with the problem of their parents responsibility.1.The phrase“maternal bond”refers to_A.the education of mothers B.the supervision of mothers on children C. whether the mother uses drugsD.the guidance of schools on mothers 答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义推断题，考生需结合上下文才能解答此题。从第一段最后一句话 “and a strong mate
30、rnal bond is the most effective way to fight against them.”和第二段Dr.McArdle讲的第二句话 “They also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.”可以推断出来，“maternal bond” 指的是 “母亲对孩子的管束”。2.According to McArdle,which is mos
31、t likely to have the drug abuse problem?A.16-year-old Tom from a happy big family B.17-year-old Kate supervised by her single motherC.18-year-old Juliet living with her single fatherD.19-year-old Mark cared by his parents.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。注意题干所问的是 “在McArdle看来，哪种情况的青少年最有可能吸毒？” 从第二段Dr.McArdle讲的第一句话
32、“These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”可知A、D选项不可选；从Dr.McArdle讲的第二句话 “They also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.” 可知B选项不可选；只有C选项 “和单身父亲一起生活的Juliet” 最有可能吸毒。故答案为C。
33、3Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.Teenagers with both parents wont have the drug use problem.B.Teenagers from several countries filled in the questionnaire.C.Teenagers were asked about their relationship with parentsD.Teenagers in British schools are warned against drugs abus
34、e.答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。从第二段 “involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in England, Ireland, Italy，Germany and the Netherlands.”可知B选项被提到了；从第二段最后一句话 “The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents,”可知C选项被提到了；从最后一段 “Drug prevention campaigns in British school
35、s and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol”可知D 选项也被提到了。故答案为A。4.The last paragraph suggests that_.A.schools should answer for the drug problem B.television and media are to blameC.parents and the society are responsible for the drug problem D.mothers are the cause of you
36、th drug use答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。从最后一段 “but McArdle said no one is dealing with the problem of their parents responsibility.”可知，答案为C。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(2011新课标卷)Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husbands income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She plan
37、ted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The familys old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much
38、larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so its a winwin situation all around.”They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy(经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first
39、 time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the g
40、ardens have a threeyear waiting list.George CBall Jr, owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years. Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is the str
41、iking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables. Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices. People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.本文讲述了由于生活费用增高，加上经济下降，越来越多的人开始自己种菜，并且现在人
42、们开车少了，旅游少了，有更多的时间来种菜，减少生活费用。1. What does the underlined word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?Achickens BtomatoesCgardens Dpeople答案：A。词义猜测题。由上文的a chicken house(鸡舍)可知，它的居民应该是小鸡，故A项正确。2Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?AMore Americans are doing it for fun.BThe price
43、of oil is lower than before.CTheres a growing need for fruits.DThe cost of living is on the rise.答案：D。细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句话可知，由于生活费增高，经济下降，越来越多的人们开始自己种菜。故D项正确。3Which of the following might be the best title for the text?AFamily Food Planning BBanking on GardeningCA Belttightening MoveDGardening as a Hobby答案：B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了由于生活费用增高，经济下降，迫使人们自己种菜来减少开支。A项意为：家庭食物计划；B项：依靠种菜；C项：紧缩腰带运动；D项：把种菜当做爱好。
