1、Modal verbs I Unit 1 GrammarObjectiveTo learn the use of modal verbs.语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。1.In fact,China may have the largest number of English learners.(必修1)2.Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.(必修1)3.You should pay more attenti
2、on to the rainforest(必修2)4.But of course you can ask any questions you like.(必修2)5.You must be very proud.(必修2)Look at the following sentences,paying attention to the underlined part.1.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,2.or to satisfy the ancestors,who might return eithe
3、r to help or to do harm.3.For the Japanese festival Obon,people should go to clean graves 4.this will lead the ancestors back to earth.5.Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.Sentences from this unit:to test your sense of observationto test your ability of short-term memory to test your
4、 ability to highlight the language pointsGuess1.In fact,China _ have the largest number of English learners.2.Black people _ not vote or choose their leaders.3.You _ pay more attention to the rainforest 4.But of course you _ ask any questions you like.5.You _ be very proud.shouldmaycouldcanmust6.Mos
5、t ancient festivals _ celebrate the end of cold weather,7.or to satisfy the ancestors,who _ return either to help or to do harm.8.For the Japanese festival Obon,people _ go to clean graves 9.this _ lead the ancestors back to earth.10.Festivals _ also be held to honour famous people.wouldmightshouldw
6、illcan1._ I go out to play,mum?2.No,you _.You should do your 3.homework first.4.A.Might;wouldnt5.B.May;had better not6.C.Must;mustnt7.D.Need;mustnt2.Where is Emma?I cant say for sure where she is,but she _ be out shopping.A.can B.should C.must D.may3.The room is in a terrible mess;it _ cleaned.A.can
7、t have been B.couldnt be C.may have been D.would be4.There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A.mustnt B.shant C.shouldnt D.neednt5.This umbrella looks like mine,but it isnt.Whose _ it be?A.must B.can C.may D.might6.May I sit beside y
8、ou,sir?Sorry,you _.Look,my daughter is coming.A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.shouldnt7.Peter _ be really difficult at times even though he is a nice person in general.A.shall B.should C.can D.must8.You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!A.wouldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt9.Although this
9、 _ sound like a simple task,great care is needed.A.must B.may C.shall D.should10.Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harrys.He always wears green.A.has to be B.will be C.mustnt be D.could be以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某
10、种态度。表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等。什么是情态动词？(Modal Verbs)Words like can,will,may,must,and afew others are called modals.Modal verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea.Some common uses of the modals are these:Ability:1 He can speak English now.2 He couldnt speak English a year ago.3 Im not able to come t
11、o the game on Friday.Permission:All passengers may now board.We can board now.Obligation:You must fasten your seat belts.(strong)You should pay attention.(weak)You ought to pay attention.Possibility:1 It may rain.2 How could I forget an important thing like that?3 He cant/couldnt have known the resu
12、lt.Meanings similar to those of the modals can often be conveyed by real verb forms:He has to.=must is able tospeak English=can is allowed to.=may is supposed to=should情态动词的语法特征1.情态动词不能单独做谓语，除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。2.情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如can,will也有一般式和过去式的变化。只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,ought to,
13、must可情态可实义的 need,dare/dared可情态可助动词的 shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的 have to,used to3.情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。下面我们具体了解一下几个常用情态动词的用法。1.can的主要用法是：A.表示体力或脑力的能力:eg.The girl can dance very well.B.表示说话者的推测事物的可能性:eg.Can the news be true?C.在口语中,can可以表示请求或允许:eg.Can I
14、 sit here?can和could2.could的主要用法是：A.could是can的过去式,表示与过去有关的能力和推测:eg.We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor.B.could可以代替can表示请求,但语气较can客气、委婉:eg.Could you lend me your dictionary?Could I use your bike?3.can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句中,表示不相信、怀疑等态度。eg.They cant have gone out because th
15、e light is still on.may常用来表示：A.表示请求、允许:比can较为正式:eg.May I come in?You may go now.may和mightB.表示说话人的猜测:“也许”“可能”:通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。eg.I believe the man is from England.But I may be wrong.The guest may arrive this afternoon.The road may be blocked.这条路可能不通了。The road can be blocked.这条路可能会是不通的。在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。W
16、here can he be?他会在哪呢？may表示现实的可能性，can表示理论上的可能性。C.表示祝愿;但语气较正式:eg.May you succeed!May you have a good journey!might的用法有:多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。She said that he might take her bike.她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。除了在间接引语中以外，might一般不表示过去的可能或者许可。如要表示过去的可能可以用could,表示过去的许可可以用was(were)allowed to或者had permission to。表示现在的可能，其可能性要比ma
17、y 小。如：He might go home tomorrow.说不定他明天会回家。表示现在的许可，语气比may较委婉，一般用于疑问句（包括间接疑问句），不可用于肯定句或者否定句。如:Might I have a word with you?我可以和你说句话吗？will和would1.will是助动词还是情态动词？will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态动词。would亦同理。eg.I will tell you something important.我要告诉你一些重要的事。（助动词）Will you tell her that Im here?请您告诉她说我在
18、这儿，好吗？（情态动词）2.在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或询问。eg:If you want help,let me know,will you?如果你需要帮助,让我知道,好吗?Will you type this,please?请把这个打一下，好吗？Wont you sit down?请坐下，好吗？Id go there with you.我要和你一块到那儿去。Your teacher wouldnt allow it.老师不会允许这件事。（表意愿）（表许可）3.would比will客气委婉。eg:Would you help us,please?请您帮助我们，好吗？（表请求）shall
19、和should1.shall用于构成将来时是助动词。eg:Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。（构成一般将来时,助动词）Shall we go by train,Mom?妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？（用于征求对方的意见，情态动词）I shall go at once.我必须立即去。（表“决心”，情态动词）shall用于征求对方的意见，表示“决心”是情态动词。2.should表示义务、建议、劝告，意为“应该”。“should+have+过去分词”表示本应该在过去做但没有做。eg:You should kee
20、p your promise.你应该遵守诺言。She should have passed the exam.她应该通过考试的。must的主要用法1.表示必然性。eg:We must all die.人总要死的。2.表示强制或者义务。eg:You must get up early.你必须早起来。注意:must not的意思是不许可，不应该或者禁止。如：We mustnt waste our time.-May I take this magazine out?-No,you mustnt.must用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答应该用yes,please或者Im afraid so,其否定回答
21、应该用neednt或者dont have to。表示推测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。It must be eleven oclock now.He must be crazy.在表示推测的否定或者疑问句中必须用can/could,不可以用must。If Mary didnt leave here until fiveoclock,she cant be home yet.如果玛丽五点才离开这儿，她此时一定还未到家。Review情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等等。掌握下列情态动词的用法：may/might,can/could,wil
22、l/would,shall/should,must/cantIndividual activity注:另附 word 文档。点击此处链接1.Some aspects of a pilots job _ be boring,and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours.(2006湖南)A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;may D.ought to;must I.Choose the best answer.2.Hows your tour around the North Lake?Is it beautiful?I
23、t _ be,but it is now heavily polluted.(2007全国I)A.will B.would C.should D.must 3.I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I _ have driven her there.(2007陕西)A.could B.must C.might D.should4.She looks very happy.She _ have passed the exam.I guess so.Its not difficult after all.(2007江苏)A.s
24、hould B.could C.must D.might5.Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.You _ it in the wrong place.(2007江西)A.must put B.should have put C.might put D.might have put6.According to the air traffic rules,you _ switch off your mobile phone boarding.(2008上海)A.may B.can C.would D.should7.
25、Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we _ it without you.(2008山东)A.can manage B.could have managed C.could manage D.can have managed8.But for their help,we _ the program in time.(2009安徽)A.can not finish B.will not finish C.had not finished D.could not have finished9.The doctor rec
26、ommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.(2009浙江)A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.neednt D.shouldnt 10.Its the office!So you _ know eating is not allowed here.Oh,sorry.(2009湖南)A.must B.will C.may D.need11.The traffic is heavy this day.I _ arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place?(2009辽宁)A.can B
27、.must C.need D.might 12.What do you mean,there are only ten tickets?There _ be twelve.(2009全国I)A.should B.would C.will D.shall13.Hi,Tom.Any idea where Jane is?She _ in the classroom.I saw her there just now.(2009重庆)A.shall be B.should have been C.must be D.might have been 14.Just be patient.You _ ex
28、pect the world to change so soon.(2010全国I)A.cant B.neednt C.may not D.will not15.I havent got the reference book yet,but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry.You _ have it by Friday.(2010江苏)A.could B.shall C.must D.may 16.“You _ have a wrong number,”she said.“Theres no one of that na
29、me here.”(2010浙江)A.need B.can C.must D.would17.Sorry,Professor Smith.I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.Oh,you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.(2010上海)A.must B.mustnt C.should D.shouldnt18.They _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.(2011全国)A.will B.can C.must D.s
30、hould19.I dont really like James.Why did you invite him?Dont worry.He _ come.He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.(2011北京)A.must not B.need not C.would not D.might not 20.If you _ smoke,please go outside.(2011全国II)A.can B.should C.must D.may21.Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule
31、 right now?I am afraid you _,in case he comes late for the meeting.(2011福建)A.will B.must C.may D.can 22.I left my handbag on the train,but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back!I mean,someone _ it.(2011江苏)A.will have stolen B.might have stolen C.should have st
32、olen D.must have stolen 23.The police still havent found the lost child,but theyre doing all they _.(2011四川)A.can B.may C.must D.should24.No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.(2011湖南)A.can B.need C.must D.might 25.Will you read me a story,Mummy?OK.You _ have one if you go to bed
33、as soon as possible.(2011陕西)A.might B.must C.could D.shall 26.Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money.(2012全国II)A.can B.might C.would D.need 27._ you interrupt now?Cant you see Im on the phone?Sorry Sir,but its urgent.(2012重庆)A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Would28.One of our
34、 rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.(2012辽宁)A.might B.could C.shall D.willII.Translate the following sentences.1.A:_(我可以跟朋友2.去)to the harvest festival?B:Yes,you may.2.A:If I want to be a doctor,_3._(我应该学理科吗)?B:I think so.3.“Your story sounds moving._(它会是真的吗?)”she asked
35、.May I go with friendsshould I studyscience Can it be true?4.I dont know where she is,she _ _(可能在武汉).5.At this moment,our teacher _(想必在批改)our exam papers.6.The road is wet.It _ (肯定下雨了)last night.7.Your mother _ _(一定一直在找你).maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingbe in Wuhanfor you8.Philip _ _(可能在车祸中受了重伤).9.Linda has gone to work,but her bicycle is still here.She _(可能上班)by bus.10.Mike _(一定还没有找回)his car,for he came to work by bus this morning.may(might)have been hurtmay(might)have gonecant have foundseriously in the car accident
