1、UNIT4BODYLANGUAGELearningAboutLanguageGrammarIn this class,you will1.identify the uses of the-ing form as the object（宾语）and the predicative（表语）;2.use the-ing form to describe the body language shown in pictures.AimsReview the text Review the text 1.How can we learn about what people are thinking?2.W
2、hat is crucial when you use body language?We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watchingtheir body language.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.1.She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures.2.The crucial thi
3、ng is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.Identify the uses of the-ing form 1.She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures.the-ing form used as the object;learningcultures在句中作动词enjoy的宾语,说明enjoy的对象是“了解不同文化背景下的肢体语言”。Identify the uses of the-ing f
4、orm 2.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.the-ing form used as the predicative;using body language在系动词is后作表语，说明主语“the crucial thing”的内容。Identify the uses of the-ing form Find other examples1.We can learn a lot about what people are thinking
5、 by watching their body language.the-ing form used as the object;watching their body language在句中作介词by的宾语,意为“（通过）观察他们的肢体语言”。2.Perhaps the best example is smiling.the-ing form used as the predicative;smiling在系动词is后作表语，说明主语的内容。Find other examples3.However,you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil
6、and Germany,as it is not considered polite.the-ing form used as the object;makingGermany在句中作动词avoid的宾语，意为“在巴西和德国做这个手势”。Find other examples4.Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.the-ing form used as the object;smilingmirror在句中作动词suggest的宾语，意为“对着
7、镜中的自己微笑”。Find other examples5.Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowingfrom the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else.the-ing forms used as the object;三个语块在句中作动词favour的宾语，意为“握手、弯腰鞠躬或者点头”。Find other examples6.In France,a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as
8、meaning zero.the-ing form used as the object;meaning zero在句中作介词as的宾语，意为“零的意思”。Find other examples7.And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing a smiling face of a good friend.the-ing form used as the object;seeingfriend在句中作介词than的宾语，意为“看到好朋友的笑脸”。Find other examples8.A go
9、od way of saying“I am full”is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.the-ing form used as the object;saying“I am full”在句中作介词of的宾语，意为“说我吃饱了”。Find other examples8.A good way of saying“I am full”is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.the-ing form used as the p
10、redicative;movingmeal在系动词is后作表语，说明主语的内容。Find other examplesThe-ing form can be used as the object.动词-ing形式在句中既可以用作动词后面的宾语，也可以用作介词后面的宾语。常 用 动 词-ing形 式 作 宾 语 的 动 词 有：avoid,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,imagine,mind,suggest等。SummaryThe-ing form can be used as the predicative.动词-ing形式在句中用作表语，说明主语的内容。如：Pe
11、rhaps the best example is smiling.=Perhaps smiling is the best example.SummaryComplete the sentences using the-ing form of the words and phrases in the box.(Activity 2,Page 41)1Bills job is _ sign language.2The theme of his presentation is _barriers between groups.3 By _，we mean“bending our head or
12、body forward as a sign of respect or shame”.4 _ three kilometres of heavy traffic took me almost 25 minutes.5We intended to visit the theme park but ended up _Professor Zhang.Practiceamuse teach break down call on amuse teach break down call on bow get through assess bow get through assessteachingbr
13、eakingdownbowingGettingthroughcallingon(predicative表语)(predicative表语)(object宾语)(object宾语)(subject主语)Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box.(Activity 3,Page 41)Reading body language is not an easy task.It can be _ because interpreting the signs that another pe
14、rson shows requires _.In this sense,it can be compared to a doctor _.Practicechallengingliechallenge consider individual differencesmaintainconsider the whole pictureevaluate a patients conditionconsideringthewholepictureevaluatingapatientsconditionComplete the passage with the correct forms of the
15、words and phrases in the box.(Activity 3,Page 41)_ is also key to reading peoples body language accurately.For example,when _,some people avoid eye contact.By contrast,others may _ eye contact even longer than usual.PracticeConsideringindividualdifferencesliechallenge consider individual differences
16、maintainconsider the whole pictureevaluate a patients conditionlyingmaintainCan you add more examples to explain how you read body language?(Activity 3,Page 41)One more example:If someone isnt interested in what youre saying,there are a few general signs you can look for,such as beingdistracted and
17、looking at the ceiling or other things like a cell phone.PracticeComplete the conversation by translating the Chinese words into English.Use the-ing form if possible.(Activity 2,Page 83,Workbook)PracticePracticePracticeRose(R)is asking school consellor Casey(C)about body language.R:How will I know i
18、f someone isnt interested in what Im saying？C:Although body language is not the same for everyone,there are a few general signs you can look for,such as lack of eye contact,being distracted,_(看天花板)or other things like a cell phone,looking at the ceilingPracticePractice their body and feet turning aw
19、ay from you,or _(突然改变主意).You could also simply ask if the topic isnt interesting or change the subject by _ _(问一个问题).For example,“Anyway,thats enough about my trip;what did you end up doing this weekend?”suddenly changing their mindquestionasking aPracticePracticeR:What does it mean if someone looks
20、 at me all the time?C:That may mean the person likes you or is interested in _(逐步认识你).That type of look usually means _ _(请你接着说下去).gradually getting to know youto go on talkingwaiting for youPracticePracticeR:What does it mean if a person stretches their neck?C:It could just mean that their neck nee
21、ds _ (伸展).On the other hand,it could also be a sign of _(感到不舒服)with the current situation.A person _(经历焦躁)can also act similarly.stretchingexperiencing anxietyfeeling uncomfortablePracticePracticeR:What sort of body language can show that someone is lying?C:This may vary from person to person.Some p
22、eople would avoid _(凝视你的双眼).Others would also shift their bodies,adjust their clothing,or play with their hair.staring at your eyesPracticeObserve and describeTalk about the body language you can read from the following pictures.(Activity 4,Page 41)The man enjoys looking at himself in the mirror.Obs
23、erve and describeThe woman shows her impatience by looking at her watch.Observe and describeThe boy is fearful,trying to run away from an angry dog.Observe and describe1 动词-ing 形式作宾语（1）作动词的宾语Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗户吗？He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。I suggest go
24、ing swimming now.我建议现在就去游泳。【学法点拨】常接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：避免 错过少延期（avoid，miss，postpone）建议 完成多练习（advise，finish，practise）喜欢 想象 禁不住（enjoy，imagine，cant help）承认 否定与嫉妒（admit，deny，envy）逃避 冒险莫原谅（escape，risk，excuse）忍受 保持 不介意（stand，keep，mind）单元语法动词-ing形式作宾语和表语附：单元语法精讲精练（2）作介词的宾语在下面的短语中，常用动词-ing 形式作介词的宾语：i
25、nsist on，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，devote to，get used to，pay attention to 等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。（3）在有些动词的后面，如start，begin，continue等既可接动词-ing形式也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。They continued working/to work as if nothing had hap
26、pened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。（4）有些动词或动词短语后跟动词-ing 形式或不定式都可以，但意思不同。接不定式一般表示动作尚未发生，而接动名词则表示动作已经发生。regret to do.遗憾要做try to do.努力/试图做regret doing.后悔做了try doing.试着做mean to do.打算做stop to do.停下来去做（另一件事）mean doing.意味着做stop doing.停止做remember/forget to do.记着/忘记要做remember/forget doing.记着/忘记做过cant help to do.不能帮着做can
27、t help doing.禁不住做单句语法填空（1）He narrowly escaped _（run）over by a car.（2）Having been criticized by the teacher，Li Ming gave up _（smoke）.（3）I advise _（do）it in a different way.（4）I object to _（employ）such a lazy man.（5）Can you imagine _（live）alone on a lonely island for a month?（6）Young people may risk _
28、（go）deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.（7）Helen had to shout to make herself _（hear）above the sound of the music.（8）词汇复现Sometimes we can t h e l p_（compare）ourselves with others.（9）The bird was so lucky that it just missed_（catch）.（10）I will go on a trip to Sichuan，where there are
29、 a great number of places of interest.I havebeen looking forward to _（go）there for nearly a year.beingrunsmokingdoingemployinglivinggoingheardcomparingbeingcaughtgoing（11）In his childhood，he was fond of _（get）close to nature.（12）Its quite hot today.Do you feel like _（go）for a swim?（13）I remembered _
30、（lock）the door before I left the office，but forgot _（turn）off the lights.（14）One learns a language by making mistakes and _（correct）them.完成句子（15）I enjoy _（和我父母聊天）.（16）The light in the office is off，but she forgets_（已关了灯）.（17）词汇复现They stopped _（看了看）the appealing scenery.（18）The specialist spent much
31、time _（观察星星）.（19）_ crying over spilt milk.（覆水难收。）gettinggoinglockingtoturncorrectingchattingwithmyparentsturningitofftohavealookatobservingthestarsItsnouse2 动词-ing 形式作表语（1）动名词（短语）作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。My favourite sport is swimming.（=Swimming is my favourite sport.）我最喜欢的运动
32、是游泳。（2）现在分词（短语）作表语，表示主语的某种性质和特征，这类分词通常可以看作形容词。The news is quite shocking.这消息很令人震惊。【学法点拨】作表语的动词-ing 形式，许多是由表达人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等。这类词有“令人的”的含义，常修饰物。（3）区别动名词（短语）作表语表抽象的一般性的动作动词不定式（短语）作表语表一次具体的动作或将要发生的事单
33、句语法填空（1）Climbing mountains was _，so we all felt _.（tire）（2）It was a really _（terrify）experience.Afterwards，everybody was very _（shock）.（3）We all rely on it that respecting others is_（respect）ourselves.（4）For those with family members far away，the personal computer and the phone are important in stay
34、ing _（connect）.（5）The news was _（shock），and there was a _（frighten）look on her face.tiringtiredterrifyingshockedrespectingconnectedshockingfrightenedLanguage points教材原句p.40We make assessments and inferences from body language.我们从肢体语言上做出评定和推断。题组练领悟方法核心词汇1 assessment n.评价；评定The applicants will go thro
35、ugh written exams and other forms of assessment.申请人需要参加笔试及其他形式的考核。【词语积累】assess vt.评估；评价assess.as sth.评定为assess.at.对估价为The committee assesses whether a building is worth preserving.该委员会评定一栋建筑物是否值得保存。We are trying to assess how well the system works.我们正设法评估这个系统运行得是否顺畅。They assessed the value of the ca
36、r at 60，000 pounds.他们对这辆汽车的估价为60 000 英镑。单句语法填空（1）Its difficult _（assess）the effects of these changes.（2）What is your _（assess）of the current international situation?（3）Students should _（assess）from different aspects.完成句子（4）You should _（评估形势）before you put forward a new plan.（5）We should _（对有正确的评价）hi
37、storical figures.toassessassessmentbeassessedassessthesituationhaveacorrectassessmentof教材原句p.41By bowing，we mean“bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame”.通过鞠躬，我们的意思是“把头或身体向前弯曲作为一种尊重或羞愧的迹象”。2 bend vt.&vi.（bent，bent）（使）弯曲；倾斜；偏向The trick is to bend your knees as you catch the bal
38、l.窍门是你接球时要屈膝。You have to bend down to go through the door.你得弯腰才能穿过这扇门。【熟词生义】（1）bend 还可用作名词，意为“拐弯，弯道”。The castle came into sight as we went round a bend in the road.我们在路上拐了个弯，城堡就映入了眼帘。（2）bend the rules 放宽规则；通融【图解助记】bend 一词多义：单句语法填空（1）There are several sharp _（bend）in the roads.（2）词汇复现He bent _ to pick up the book.完成句子（3）_（要屈膝）when you pick up something heavy.（4）The accident happened _（在拐弯处）.（5）You should really pay today，but we can _（通融一下）just this time.（6）词汇复现As a journalist，he refused to _（扭曲事实）.bendsdownBendyourkneesatthebendbendtherulesbendthetruth
