1、used as an adjective or adverbM6U1Grammar and usagesleeping studentsa boring lessona smiling face一、The-ing form used as Attribute（-ing形式作定语）boiling waterflying kitesa dancing girlthe rising sun(1)a swimming man(2)a swimming pool(2)a walking stick(1)a walking man=a man who is walking=a stick for walk
2、ingWhats the difference between(1)and(2)?小 结 1 -ing形式作定语既可表示动作正在进行（如例（1），此时相当于一个定语从句；又可表示所修饰名词的性质或用途（如例（2）。a running manThe man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.attributeThe man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.相当于：Rewrite the following sentences with attributive clauses.The teacher teac
3、hing us English is Ms Zhou.=The teacher who is teaching us English is Ms Zhou.The people sitting behind us are all teachers.The expert coming from Lishui is a lady called Ms Cai.=The people who are sitting behind us are all teachers.=The expert who comes from Lishui is a lady called Ms Cai.单个的-ing形式
4、作定语，放在所修饰的名词前面；-ing短语作定语则放在所修饰的名词之后。小 结 2Translate the following phrases.a reading rooma washing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk阅览室洗衣机激动人心的夜晚有趣的相声a sleeping cara smoking roomlistening practicean opening speecha booking officerunning water卧铺车吸烟室听力练习开幕词售票处自来水I heard the girl singing
5、 in the classroom.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.2.The-ing form used as Object Complement（-ing形式作宾语补足语）The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.We have the fire burning all day.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。小 结 31.Our trip was
6、disappointing.We did not find any unusual plants.2.The programme for the weekend looks exciting.I am looking forward to it.3.The-ing form used as predicative(-ing形式作表语)4.The news was shocking.All the three boats had sunk in the storm.5.The report from Cook was encouraging.The captain decided to atta
7、ck the following night.6.It was astonishing to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.1.Sixty million people _(live)in rural areas are moving to the cities every year.2.The bottle _(contain)the poison was sent to the laboratory.PracticelivingcontainingFill in the blanks
8、with the verb given in its proper form.3.The man _(sit)on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.4.Who is tha girl _(walk)along the river?5.The children _(practise)playing the violin over there will give a performance next week.sittingwalkingpractising6.The man with sun-glasses _(stand)ne
9、ar a car is a detective.7.The old lady _(talk)to the children is a famous musician.8.The person _(translate)the songs can speak seven languages.standingtalkingtranslating9.I saw them _(force)the door open with a hammer.10.We heard them _(quarrel)about money after the concert;they looked very angry.1
10、1.I heard him _(drop)lots of coins into the collecting tin.forcingquarrelingdropping12.You can see them _(perform)every night this week at the New Theatre.13.I could hear them _(whisper)to each other during the first part of the play.14.We watched the army _(march)down the street towards the park.pe
11、rformingwhisperingmarching15.I saw the people _(enter)the theatre,and there were 286 of them.16.We watched three old men _ (share)their food with each other.17.We watched the children _ (dive)into the water from the top diving board.18.I noticed you _ the performers with the ticket sales.That was ki
12、nd of you.enteringsharingdivinghelpingHaving worked side by side with many environmentalists,I know that a healthy environment and stable economy should be possible at the same time.A verb-ing has perfect form,e.g.,having worked1.She gave her opinion about the new building.Then she left the meeting.
13、Having given her opinion about the new building,she left the meeting.2.She made one last effort to see her husband.Then she returned home.Having made one last effort to see her husband,she returned home.Rewrite the following sentences.3.I admired her writing for many years.Then I finally met her.Hav
14、ing admired her writing for many years,I finally met her.4.I was interested in the Koories for many years.Then I decided to learn their language.Having been interested in the Koories for many years,I decided to learn their language.二、-ing形式作状语-ing短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。-
15、ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作，一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。1.作时间状语-ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：Hearing the bad news,they couldnt help crying.=When they heard the bad news,they couldnt help crying.当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。Having received his letter,I decided to write back.=After I had received his letter,I decided to write back.收到
16、他的信后，我决定给他回信。2.作原因状语-ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如：Being so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.=Because he was so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.因为太生气了，他不能入睡。Having been to the Great Wall many times,he didnt go last week.=Because(As)he had been to the Great Wall many times,he didnt go last week.因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。3.作条件
17、状语-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Working hard,you will succeed.=If you work hard,you will succeed.如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。Being given more attention,the trees could have grown better.=If they had been given more attention,the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树再多注意些，它们可能长得更好。4.作让步状语-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或句末，常与even if,though
18、连用。如：Though working from morning till night,his father didnt get enough food.=Although his father worked from morning till night,he didnt get enough food.虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。5.作伴随状语置于句首或句末。如：They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.=They sang and laughed;they came into the classroo
19、m.他们又唱又笑地走进教室。When working in the factory,he was an advanced worker.=When he worked in the factory,he was an advanced worker.注意：1.-ing短语与when,while,though,until,if等连词连用时，相当于这些连引导的一个从句。如：Though willing to attend the party,he refused the invitation.=Though he was willing to attend the party,he refused
20、 the invitation.While staying in Beijing,he came to see me twice.=While he was staying in Beijing,he came to see me twice.If playing all day,you will waste your valuable time.=If you play all day,you will waste your valuable time.Though raining heavily,it cleared up very soon.=Though it was raining
21、heavily,it cleared up very soon.2.动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如：He traveled on the plane like this,keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.=When he traveled on the plane like this,he kept the tortoise hidden in a blanket.1.a.Hearing the news,tears ran down her face.b.Hearing the news,she cried
22、out sadly.2.a.Entering the classroom,I found nobody in it.b.Entering the classroom,nobody was found in it.Choose the correct sentence.3.a.Looking out through the window,the garden was beautiful.b.Looking out through the window,we saw a beautiful garden.4.a.Reading the evening newspaper,a dog started
23、 barking.b.I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.5.a.Being fine,we will have the sports meeting next week.b.It being fine,we will have the sports meeting next week.-ing形式的否定式为在其前面加not。如：He sat there,not knowing what to say.1.Their car was caught in a traffic jam,thus _ the d
24、elay.A.to cause B.causing C.caused D.cause2.One by one Peter sold his bits and pieces,_ only a mite of their worth.A.getting B.got C.to get D.getExercise3.After seeing the movie,_.A.the book was read by himB.the book made him want to read it C.he wanted to read the bookD.the reading of the book inte
25、rested him4.The next morning she found the man in bed,_ dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying5.There was terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed6.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.A.to prepare B.preparin
26、g C.prepared D.was preparing7.“Cant you read?”Mary said_ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing8.He worked day and night,_ his task ahead of time.A.finished B.finishing C.finish D.to finish9.I was in the bathroom,not _ the knock at the door.A.he
27、ar B.to hear C.hearing D.heard10._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received11.What worried the boy most was _ to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowing B.his not being allowed C.having not been allowed D.his being not allowed12.They apologized for _ to attend the meeting.A.their not being able B.their being not able C.them not able D.them being able not
