1、Section Reading for Writing基础知识 预习自检10 September 2018Dear Worried Friend，You wrote that you are very worried about your friend, Chen Lei. I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible. You think that your friend plays computer games too often and spends too much time online.词汇自测terr
2、ible adj. 糟糕的2018年9月10日亲爱的“焦虑”朋友，你写信说你很担心你的朋友陈雷。我很清楚你很焦虑，感觉很糟糕。你认为你的朋友经常玩电脑游戏，花太多时间上网。I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealth
3、y and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend to try new hobbies. Why not discuss the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you, sin
4、ce you are his good friend.All the bestSusan Luo词汇自测behaviour n. 行为；举止generation n. 一代(人)attract vt. 吸引；引起的注意(或兴趣) focus vi.& vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n. 中心；重点；焦点addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的addict n. 对入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人adult n. 成年人adj. 成年的；成熟的我建议你和你的朋友谈谈他的行为。对于你们这一代的青少年来说，喜欢上网玩电脑游戏并不少见。但是花费太多时间上网有害健康，并且很难集中精力于生
5、活中的其他事情。有些学生甚至沉迷于网络而不能专注于学校和家庭生活。我想你应该鼓励你的朋友尝试新的爱好。为什么不一起讨论这个问题呢？我相信他会听你的，因为你是他的好朋友。万事如意苏珊骆重点知识 合作探究1I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. 我建议你和你的朋友聊聊他的行为举止。(教材P18)归纳拓展(1)behave vt.& vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现behave well/badly to/towards . 对态度好/差behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体(2)wellbehaved ad
6、j. 表现好的badlybehaved adj. 表现差的(3)behaviour n. 行为；举止His behaviour towards his father was becoming worse and worse.他对父亲的行为越来越恶劣。Its not right for you to behave_badly_to the customers.你对顾客不好是不对的。I do not want to be a socalled wellbehaved child. 我并不想做那些所谓的乖孩子。单句语法填空Jack, cant you behave _ (you)? Youre no
7、 longer a kid.Sorry, Daddy. It wont happen again.He ought to be ashamed of his foolish _ (behave)He _ (behave) as if/though nothing had happened.答案：yourselfbehaviourbehaved2attract vt. 吸引；引起的注意(或兴趣)(教材P18)归纳拓展(1)attract ones attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事be attracted to sb
8、. 喜爱某人，为某人所吸引(2)attraction n. 吸引力；诱惑力；有吸引力的地方；有吸引力的事物(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引人入胜的(2017全国卷)The exhibition, to be held in the City Hall of Xian, lasts for seven days from June 6th to 12th, which will attract a large number of visitors at home and abroad.从6月6日到12日持续七天的展览将在西安市政大厅举办，这将吸引来自国内外的大量游客。Rece
9、ntly, the TV program A Bite of China has_attracted_much_attention.近来，电视节目舌尖上的中国吸引了很多人的注意力。He was nicelooking, but I wasnt_deeply_attracted_to him.他长得很帅，可我对他不是很有感觉。Whats the attraction of your going on the stage? 是什么吸引你登上舞台的？PortLouis is an attractive little fishing port. 路易港是个漂亮的小渔港。(1)单句语法填空The sto
10、ry has _ (attract) a lot of interest from the media.(2017全国卷)This _ (attract) tour takes you to some of San Franciscos most cheerful holiday scenes.The Forbidden City is a major tourist _ (attract)答案：attractedattractiveattraction(2)单句写作这份工作最吸引我的地方是有旅行的机会。What _ to the job was the chance to travel.政府
11、正在试图把工业吸引到这个地区来。The government is trying to _ the area.答案：attracted me mostattract industry to3But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes_it_very_difficult_to_focus_on_other_things_in_life.但是花费太多时间上网有害健康，并且很难集中精力于生活中的其他事情。(教材P18)剖析make在此用作使役动词，其宾语是名词或代词，宾语补足语用名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等。归纳拓展
12、“make宾语宾补”结构(1)当宾语是不定式(的复合结构)或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语后置，构成“make itn./adj. to do sth./that .”结构。(2)make名词/代词名词，表示“使某人/某物成为”，如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，其前不用冠词。(3)make名词/代词形容词，表示“使某人/某物”。(4)make名词/代词省略to的不定式，表示“使某人某物做某事”。注意：该结构用于被动语态时，被省略的不定式符号to要还原。(5)make名词/代词过去分词，表示“使某人/某物被”。构成过去分词的动词与宾语(名词/代词)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。W
13、e made_him_captain of our team.我们让他当队长。She has won the game, which made_her_parents_proud.她赢得了比赛，这让她的父母感到骄傲。What he said made_all_of_us_laugh.All of us were_made_to_laugh by what he said.(被动语态)他的话让我们都大笑起来。She couldnt make_herself_heard above the noise of the traffic.车辆噪音很大，人们无法听到她的声音。The man made_it
14、_clear_that he wouldnt accept the task.这个人说得很清楚，他不会接受这个任务。单句语法填空She made him _ (work) day and night.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making air conditioning _ (necessary)There are so many people in the hospital that I was made _ (wait) four hours before I was examined by a doctor.
15、He made his journey plan _ (know) in the whole class.The fact that she was a foreigner made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country.答案：workunnecessaryto waitknownit4focus vi.& vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n. 中心；重点；焦点(教材P18)归纳拓展(1)focus . on/upon . 把集中于(2)in focus 焦点对准的；清晰的out of focus 焦点未对准的；不清晰的
16、 (3)focused adj. 注意力集中的(2016全国卷)Most of us are more focused_on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.我们大多数人早晨要比一天中晚些时候更专注于我们的任务。He is always the focus of everyones attention. 他始终是大家关注的中心。易混辨析：concentrate/focusfocus侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上focus v. 集中；n. 焦点concentrate指把人或物
17、集中在一起，也可指把精力或注意力集中于某一事物上concentrate v. 集中n. 浓缩物You should concentrate_on the road when you are driving.你在开车时注意力应集中在路上。The noise made it hard for me to focus_on work.噪音让我无法集中注意力工作。名师点津put ones heart intofix ones mind on 集中精力于pay ones attention to 专心于，注意be absorbed in 集中精力于apply oneself to doing sth.
18、专心做某事devote oneself to . 致力于单句写作With his attention _ (集中在) his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.The childrens faces were badly _ (模糊) in the photograph.She was the _ (大家注意的焦点)答案：focused onout of focusfocus of everyones attention5addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的addict n. 对入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人(教材P18)
19、归纳拓展(1)be/become/get addicted to 对上瘾，沉溺于(to是介词)(2)addict vt. 使沉溺，沉溺于addict oneself to 沉溺于(3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的，使入迷的As far as Im concerned, its not wise for us to be_addicted_to playing with smart phones because we may ignore other important things in life.就我个人而言，迷恋于玩智能手机是不明智的，因为我们有可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。H
20、er son addicted_himself_to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。She is a TV addict and watches as much as she can.她是个电视迷，看起电视来没完没了。Betting can be as addictive as drinking or smoking. 赌博像酗酒和抽烟一样会上瘾。(1)单句语法填空_ (addict) to playing the violin, he didnt find a thief walked
21、into his house.Hes only 24 years old and a drug _ (addicted)Dont addict yourself _ such foolish things.答案：Addictedaddictto(2)句型转换Many kids addicted themselves to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in studies. Many kids _ surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in studies.答案：are/become/g
22、et addicted to学习效果 随堂演练.单词拼写1He must apologize for his bad _ (行为). 答案：behaviour2Let them get used to _ (成年人的) world from childhood.答案：adults3He believes the pressures and competition are harder for this _ (一代人)答案：generation4The new store is better situated to _ (吸引) customers.答案：attract5Those who ha
23、ve a drug _ (成瘾者) at home know well what Im speaking about.答案：addict.单句语法填空1Each exercise focuses _ a different grammar point.答案：on2The new survey shows that the number of the students _ (addict) to computer games has been on the increase in recent years.答案：addicted3The creamy white flowers are _ (a
24、ttract) in the spring.答案：attractive4We should encourage children _ (join) some camps for them.答案：to join5His _ (behave) towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.答案：behaviour.单句写作1现在很多青少年沉湎于网络。Now many teenagers _ the Internet.答案：are addicted to2她首先吸引我的是她的幽默感。_ to her was her sense of humour
25、.答案：What first attracted me314岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。Children under 14 must be accompanied _. 答案：by an adult4我家祖祖辈辈都住在这所房子里。My family have lived in this house _.答案：for generations5您希望我们继续致力于这个平台吗？Do you want us to _ this platform? 答案：focus on课后课时作业阅读理解AIn high school I was very shy, content to hang around wi
26、th my small group of friends and concentrate on my courses. I was quickly regarded as a “brain”. I did so well that by the end of the senior year I had perfect grades and enough credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.But in early June of the senior year, the principal called me into his
27、office. He asked me to give a speech at graduation. I gaped (目瞪口呆地凝视) at him, my heart thumping. This was the reward for my hard work? I mumbled something and fled the office, blaming myself for staying away from physics, a subject sure to have ruined my perfect record.I finally agreed to a compromi
28、se. I would share the honor with five other students. And my friend Judy would then give her own, fulllength speech.Graduation day soon arrived. Id been practicing my speech for days, and I had it memorized. The first half hour of the ceremony passed in a blur, and then my moment came. My name was a
29、nnounced. I managed to reach the podium (讲台) without falling down. I faced my classmates. My voice trembled a little, but mostly it was clear and strong. But within seconds, I was done and headed back to my seat. I accomplished something Id never dreamed ofI spoke in front of hundreds of people.Alth
30、ough I didnt realize it at the time, the successful completion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate in class at college, to give verbal reports, and to eventually break free from my shyness. I never would have chosen to give a speech at graduation ever. But Im glad I did. I no longer
31、 hesitate when Im faced with the prospect of doing something I dread. I know it may very well turn out to be one of my shining moments.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”上高中时很羞怯，但由于学习成绩优秀，被校长要求在毕业典礼上演讲，“我”虽然害怕，但还是完成了这次演讲。这件事不仅使“我”摆脱了羞怯，增强了自信，而且让“我”在做“我”恐惧的事情时不再犹豫。1Why was the writer called a “brain”？AShe was a bookwo
32、rm all the time.BShe was the head of her small group.CShe did a good job in her studies.DShe did more coursework for good grades.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段“brain”下一句“I did so well that by the end of the senior year I had perfect grades and enough credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.”对作者被如此称呼的原因的
33、解释可知，在高中毕业那年结束的时候“我”取得了优异的成绩，拿到了足够的学分，从而可以免去整整四分之一的课程作业。由此可推知，“我”被认为是一个“聪明的学生”是因为“我”在课业方面表现出色，故C项正确。2What can we infer from the second paragraph?AShe ruined her health because of studying hard.BShe got the reward beyond expectation.CShe was grateful for giving a speech.DShe wasnt good at physics at
34、school.答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“I mumbled something and fled the office, blaming myself for staying away from physics, a subject sure to have ruined my perfect record.”可知，“我”咕哝了几句话就逃出了办公室，责怪自己远离了物理，这门学科肯定破坏了“我”的完美记录。据此可以判断，作者不擅长物理，故D项正确。3How did the author feel at the beginning of the graduation speech?A
35、Scared. BMoved.CExcited. DEmbarrassed.答案：A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I managed to reach the podium (讲台) without falling down. I faced my classmates. My voice trembled a little, but mostly it was clear and strong.”可知，“我”设法到达讲台而不至于跌倒，面对着同学们，“我”的声音有点颤抖。据此可以判断，演讲开始时“我”感到害怕。A项意为“害怕，恐惧”，故A项正确。4What did the speech brin
36、g to the author at last?AShe had nothing to fear in life.BShe got rid of her sense of shyness.CShe won enough college credits.DShe desired to become a speaker.答案：B细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Although I didnt realize it at the time, the successful completion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate i
37、n class at college, to give verbal reports, and to eventually break free from my shyness.”可知，高中毕业典礼上演讲的成功完成给了“我”最终摆脱羞怯的信心，故B项正确。BWhen I was in third grade, my parents let me join an advanced preparatory math class, Sigma, despite the fact that I had never displayed a liking for math at school. I ste
38、pped into class on the first day thinking that I would spend a year at Sigma before leaving.On the first day of class, we took an hour long test. I merely did the best I could and tried to figure out how to do the problems I hadnt learned how to do in school. However, what I hadnt expected was to co
39、me first! Before that day, I had never believed I was good at math at all. But as the year went on, I consistently got the highest score.When I was in eighth grade, I joined my schools math team where I was one of the top four students chosen to represent my school at a statewide middle school math
40、competition. By that time, I had created a reputation for myself at school as a math girl. But what drew me to the math team was that it was the first community I felt like I was a real part of. It was a home where I belonged, where everyone was as excited about problem solving as I was.I stopped go
41、ing to Sigma when I was in ninth grade, but I still stayed in the math team. The math team isnt like Sigmaa place to make you believe in yourself, to take endless tests and compete to see where you are placed relative to your classmates. The math team is the community where I have pushed myself to m
42、y limits and have seen other people push themselves. And most importantly, the math team is the place where I have met some of the kindest people I know today. Thank you, math team, for giving me friends and people I will care about even after I go off to college in less than a year and a half. Than
43、k you for making me feel loved.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在三年级参加了一个课外数学补习班，与数学意外结缘，后来她又参加了学校的数学社团，这个社团不仅让她有归属感还让她结识了一群志同道合的朋友。5How did the author feel about math when she entered Sigma?AIt was useful. BIt was difficult.CIt was important. DIt was uninteresting.答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I had never displayed a liking fo
44、r math at school. I stepped into class on the first day thinking that I would spend a year at Sigma before leaving”可以看出，作者刚去Sigma的时候并不喜欢数学，打算在这里待一年就离开，由此可推断，作者当时对数学不感兴趣。6What do we know about the first test at Sigma?AIt was easy for the author.BIt raised the authors confidence.CThe result met the au
45、thors expectations.DThe author spent more than an hour on it.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“what I hadnt expected was to come first! Before that day, I had never believed I was good at math at all”可知，作者没想到自己考了第一名，在此之前，作者从来不认为自己擅长数学。也就是说，这次考试提升了作者的自信。另外，最后一段中的“Sigmaa place to make you believe in yourself”也提示了本题答案
46、。7What makes the math team different from Sigma?AThe community atmosphere.BThe academic reputation.CThe unlimited challenge.DThe teaching approach.答案：A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“it was the first community . where everyone was as excited about problem solving as I was”和最后一段中的“The math team isnt like Sigma . the
47、 math team is the place where I have met some of the kindest people I know today”可知，在Sigma里大家互相竞争，而在学校的数学社团中，作者不仅有归属感还结识了一群志同道合的朋友。由此不难看出，这两个地方的氛围不同。8Whats the best title for the text?ANo more testsBNot just a math girlCHow I discovered my talentDWhat the math team means to me答案：D标题判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过描述
48、课外数学补习班与学校数学社团的不同表明数学社团对自己的重要性，故D项(数学社团对我意味着什么)符合本文主旨，适合作本文标题。1preparatory adj. 预备的；准备的2consistently adv. 一贯地，一致地；持续不变地3represent v. 代表1.figure out 想出；解决 2.push oneself 鞭策自己七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Being a VolunteerWhat can you do to help people? The answer isto be a volunteer! Th
49、en what is the common opinion of volunteering? _1_Help yourself by helping others._2_ Its amazing to know that volunteering can calm you down when you feel upset. Lots of people really enjoy volunteering, because doing volunteer work could make a big difference in their life. So where do you start?
50、School is a good place to start if you are looking for volunteer ideas._3_Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family. Talk to your parents, brothers, or sisters and see what they might be interested in. Find something you all agree on. You can do the things as a family like cleaning up
51、 a park and planting trees or flowers in your local community (社区)Create your own opportunity for your future.Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services. You can make and sell products, and donate (捐赠) the money. _4_ Volunteering can also help kids learn important
52、 things about their futurelike what kinds of things they will be best at. A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up. _5_ Make a plan to start volunteering today!ASo what are you waiting for?BThings to do with family members.CClean up a school or other publ
53、ic buildings.DVolunteering gives kids a sense of responsibility.EWhy dont you choose to do a job you like best?FVolunteering means spending time in helping others.GWhen you volunteer to help others, you are helping yourself.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。我们能够做些什么来帮助那些需要帮助的人？紧接着表明志愿服务是不二之选。后几个小标题则分别就怎样做志愿服务展开详细讨论。1F本
54、句在文章的开头，可以推测出该句子应该能够概括本文中心且起到承上启下的作用。又根据该空前面的“The answer isto be a volunteer.”(答案就是做一名志愿者！)可以判断出本句内容应该是对volunteer做出详细的解释，在备选项当中只有F项符合。所以选择F项。2G本段小标题是“Help yourself by helping others.”(帮助别人就是帮助自己。)可以看出该句是对此主题的进一步解释，所以选择G项。3B本段第一句“Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family.”告诉我们和家人一起参加志愿
55、工作是非常开心的事情。可知本段内容建议我们和家人一起去做志愿者。B项“Things to do with family members.”符合段落大意，所以选择B项。4D本段第一句“Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services.”告诉我们孩子可以用他们自己的方式去筹资或提供需要的服务，这样做可以提升孩子们的社会责任心。D项“Volunteering gives kids a sense of responsibility.”符合上下文语境，所以选择D项。5A本句设在文章结尾，句尾的话
56、语通常具有号召性或总结性的意味，该句后面的“Make a plan to start volunteering today！”(就从今天做一个志愿服务计划吧！)可以看出作者最后鼓励大家加入志愿行列当中，所以选择A项。应用文写作假设你是李华，你的英国笔友杰克刚刚升入高中，但他一时无法适应新的校园生活，写信向你征求建议。请你就此问题给他回一封信，内容主要包括：1不必过分焦虑；2制定合理的学习计划；3多参加集体活动，结交新朋友。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：适应 adjust toDear Jack，I am sorry to
57、hear that youre having trouble adjusting to your high school life. Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear Jack，I am sorry to hear that youre having trouble adjusting to your high school life. Many students have the same problem when they go to a new school so dont worry about it too much. Im writing to offer you some
58、 useful advice.First, make a good plan for your studies. I think it will help you get used to the new studying environment in a short time. Second, make some friends and take an active part in class activities. In this way you wont feel lonely and your school life will become colorful and interesting.I hope my suggestions will work well with you.Yours，Li Hua
