1、Unit 3 Inventors and inventions基础夯实能力提升Section Learning about Language基础训练基础夯实.单词拼写1The man is_(清白的),who isnt involved in the theft.2He_(拨)110 for first aid.3The_(降雨)stopped abruptly when I left for the station.4He looked up her phone number in the_(电话簿)5The Birds Nest is a_(立方体的)building.6The_(极冷的)
2、winter froze many crops to death.7His_(身份证)card was left at home.8I felt _(尴尬的)when I failed to answer my teachers question.9Because of the traffic_(堵塞),he missed the beginning of the lecture.10Dont_(靠近)the dangerous lake.在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1The burden was too heavy _(bear),so she broke do
3、wn.2I dont know what to take_after I retire.3They set_planting trees on arriving at the spot.4His application _(reject),which made him sad.5His room is _ a mess owing to his laziness.6With the New Year_(approach),people are busy decorating their houses.7Our team _(beat)by theirs.8His carelessness co
4、ntributed_his failure in the exam.9Tom is_(innocence).He has nothing to do with the robbery.10I _(dial)the wrong number.As a result,I didnt get through.11My father succeed in_(set)up his own business.12These naughty boys are hard to deal _.13The weather is_(freeze)cold.You need to put on your coat.1
5、4You should concentrate_your studies so that you can catch up with your classmates.15_you have confidence in yourself,you will feel good.基础训练能 力 提 升.完形填空I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV.One day,a sociologist proposed that the _1_ society has been consuming modern humans little
6、by little.For fear that I would become a victim of the consumer society,I _2_ hurried to a bicycle shop in my neighborhood._3_ the shopkeeper Mr.Johnson was selling me the bicycle,he said,“This is the best thing you _4_ have done.Life has become hopelessly _5_.A bicycle is simple,and it brings to yo
7、u _6_ things:fresh air,sunshine and exercise.”I agreed.Happy as a child,I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets.After some time,I _7_ at the other end of the town.I was _8_ that this simple vehicle could let me _9_ long distances in a fairly short time.But how _10_ did I really go?Since
8、 I hated to be _11_，I went back to Mr.Johnson and asked him to _12_ an odometer(里程表)on my bicycle.He agreed,but _13_，“An odometer without a speedometer(速度计)is like a _14_ without a knife.”I admitted he was right and in a few minutes,the two devices(装置)were _15_ to the handlebars of my bicycle.“What
9、about a horn？”he then asked.“Look,this horn is no larger than a matchbox and has many _16_.”Attracted by these functions,I bought the horn.“You cant leave the back part _17_，”noted Mr.Johnson.He fixed a metal box with buttons _18_ the seat,and said,“Is there anything better than this oven when you f
10、eel _19_ on your way?I can give you a special discount.”I was not strong enough to _20_ the offer.“I congratulate you once more;this is the best thing you could have done，”said Mr.Johnson in the end.1A.adult BhumanCconsumer Dbachelor 2A.eventually BimmediatelyCreluctantly Dgratefully3A.Although BBec
11、auseCAs DUnless4A.would BshouldCmust Dcould5A.boring BcomplicatedCstressful Dtough6A.natural BmysteriousCcomplex Dunique 7A.gave up Bbroke downCcalmed down Dended up8A.amazed BamusedCconfused Dconcerned基础夯实.单词拼写1innocent 2.dialled 3.rainfall4directory 5.cubic 6.freezing7identification 8.embarrassed
12、9.jam10approach.在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1to bear bear 承受(压力，负担等)。2up take up 从事。3about set about doing 开始干。4was rejected reject 拒绝。5in in a mess 杂乱不堪。6approaching approach 临近，with 的复合结构。句意：随着元旦临近，人们忙着装饰他们的房子。the New Year 与approach 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。7was beaten beat 打败。8to contribute to 有助于，促使发生，
13、导致。9innocent innocent 无辜的。10dialled dial 拨(电话号码)。该处用过去式。11setting succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。12with deal with 对付，处理，与人打交道。13freezing freezing cold 极冷。14on concentrate on 专心致志于。句意：为了你能追上你的同学，你应该专心致志于学习。15Once once 一旦，引导让步状语从句。能力提升.完形填空这是一篇记叙文。“我”倾向于接受电视上专家提出的任何观点。由于害怕成为现代社会消费的受害者，于是“我”决定去买自行车，想过一种简单的
14、生活，结果还是不自觉地为自行车添加一些额外的设备，无形中还是变成了现代社会消费的奴隶。1C 从下文可知这里指的是消费者社会。adult 指“成年人”；human 指“人类”；bachelor 指“单身汉”。2B 害怕成为消费者社会的牺牲者，我立刻赶到附近的自行车店去买自行车。immediately“立刻，马上”；eventually“终于，最后”；reluctantly“不情愿地，勉强地”；gratefully“感激地”。3C 当店主向我推荐自行车时，他说“这是你所能做的最好的一件事”。as“当时候”；although“尽管，虽然”；because“因为”；unless“除非”。4D coul
15、d 在这里表示“能够”。文章最后一句也暗示了答案。5B 从下一句可以知道店主说“生活变得毫无希望地越来越复杂，而自行车是简单的”。complicated“复杂的”；boring“令人厌烦的，乏味的，无聊的”；stressful“有压力的”；tough“困难的”。6A 从后面几个词可以知道，这里店主说“自行车可以带给你一些天然的东西：新鲜的空气、阳光还有锻炼”。natural“天然的”；mysterious“神秘的”；complex“复杂的”；unique“唯一的，独一无二的”。7D 过了一段时间，我在城镇的另一边停了下来。end up“结束，告终”；give up“放弃”；break down
16、“(汽车)抛锚，(身体)垮掉”；calm down“平静下来”。8A 我很惊讶，这么简单的交通工具在这么短的时间内居然让我跑了这么长的路程。amazed“惊讶的”；amused“开心的，好玩的”；confused“糊涂的”；concerned“担心的”。9.A.march BdriveCcover Dmeasure10A.far BlongCfast Ddeep11A.unreliable BimpracticalCunprepared Dinaccurate12A.fix BcheckCrepair Dlay13A.swore BaddedCreplied Dconcluded14A.pen
17、cil BforkCbox Dcake15A.distributed BconvertedCapplied Dattached16A.shapes BsizesCfunctions Dmodels17A.loose BblankCbare Dincomplete18A.beside BbeforeCbelow Dbehind19A.sick BhungryChot Dthirsty20A.consider BwithdrawCmake Dresist.阅读理解Eating too much fatty food,exercising too little and smoking can rai
18、se your future risk of heart disease.But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately:the air you breathe.Previous studies have linked high exposure(暴 露)to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems,but two analyses now show that poor air quality ca
19、n lead to heart attack or stroke(中风)within as little as a few hours after exposure.In one review of the research,scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants(污染物)were up to 5%more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure.A separate s
20、tudy of stroke patients showed that even air that the US.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)considers to be of“moderate”(良好)quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34%within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.The authors of both studies stress that these risks are
21、 relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure.However,it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.So stricter regulation by the EPA of po
22、llutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.1.The text mainly discusses the relationship between _.Aheart problems and air qualityBheart problems and exercisingCheart problems and smokingDheart problems and fatty food2.The underlin
23、ed word“modest”in Paragraph 3 most probably means_.Arelatively high Bextremely lowCrelatively low Dextremely high3.What can we learn from the text?AEating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.BThe EPA conducted many studies on air quality.CModerate air quality is more harmful than smoking.
24、DStricter regulations on pollutants should be made.4.The authors purpose of writing the text is most likely to _.Ainform BpersuadeCdescribe Dentertain.语法填空One evening I was resting in a cafe.I _1_(wear)a pair of newly bought white leather shoes，which were rather expensive.Then a boy came to me.He wa
25、s in an old and not fit shirt,_2_(look)pale and about eleven.No sooner had I begun to speak than he opened the box in his hand and took out the tools of shoepolishing.He was busy doing his work when heavy rain began _3_(pour)down.People rushed to the cafe for _4_ (protect)from the rain.More and more
26、 people crowded in _5_ gradually separated the boy from me.Hours passed,and it turned dark.I had no shoes on my feet and wondered where the boy had been.I thought I would have to go home on my bare feet.When it was near midnight,the cafe was to be closed.I had to move to the door,just as I went to t
27、he gate,I _6_(surprise)found that a boy of about eleven,looking very familiar,was sleeping at the door with his head _7_(lean)against a box.I _8_(shake)him slightly and woke him _9_.He opened the package hurriedly,gave me my leather shoes,and apologized to me shyly.I paid him and wrapped him with hi
28、s unfit shirt._10_ my way home,the image of the boy stayed in my mind.短文改错Hangzhou is one of the most famous tourist city in China,not famous for its natural beauty,but also famous for its history.There are so much tourist attractions in this city like the West Lake,the Temple of General Yuefei and
29、Lingyin Temple.You cant go to Hangzhou without visit these places.Hangzhou is also famous for its silk or tea products.You can go to the Hangzhou Silk City to buy silk articles.And you can either go to the National Tea Museum to have some Chinese tea.The best season to visit Hangzhou is spring,becau
30、se of its warm and sunny during that time.The trees are coming up and the flowers are blooming.Every spring,many people went to Hangzhou to go boating on the West Lake.What I wish to visit that beautiful city.能力提升 9.C cover“走(一段路程)”；march“行走，行军”；drive“驾驶”；measure“测量，衡量”。10A 从后文可以知道“我是想知道我骑车所走的路程”。ho
31、w far“多远”；how long“多长”；how fast“多快”；how deep“多深”。11D 因为我讨厌不准确，所以很想知道我骑车所走路程的精确数字。inaccurate“不精确的，不准确的”；unreliable“不可信赖的”；impractical“不现实的，不实用的，不切实际的”；unprepared“没有准备的”。12A 于是我让店主为我安装一个里程表。fix“安装”；check“检查”；repair“修理”；lay“放置”。13B 店主答应了给我安装里程表，但是他补充说：“要是没有速度计，里程表就像没有配备刀的叉一样。”add“补充(说)”；swear“发誓”；reply
32、“回答”；conclude“结束，推断出”。14B 见上题解析。15D 没一会儿这两样装备就添加在我的自行车上了。attach“将某物系在、缚在(另一物)上”；distribute“分配，分发”；convert“转变”；apply“申请”。16C 店主又向我推荐喇叭，说这个喇叭就像火柴盒那么大，但是有很多功能。function“功能”；shape“形状”；size“大小，尺寸”；model“模型”。17C 店主又强调说我不能让自行车后面光秃秃的。bare“赤裸裸的，光秃秃的”；loose“松散的，自由的”；blank“空白的，茫然的”；incomplete“不完全的”。18D 他又在我的车座后
33、面安装了一个有很多按钮的金属盒 子。behind“在 后 面”；beside“在 旁 边”；before“在前面”；below“在下面”。19B 从这句话里的“oven(炉子)”一词可以知道，店主向“我”推荐安装一个炉子，说要是在路上饿了的话，没有比这个炉子更好的设备了。hungry“饿的”；sick“生病的”；hot“热的”；thirsty“口渴的”。20D 我不够坚定，无法拒绝他的推荐。resist“抵抗，拒绝”；consider“考虑”；withdraw“撤销，收回”；make“制造，使产生”。.阅读理解本文为说明文，题材为科普知识类，从文章中读者可以得知空气污染也是导致心脏出问题的一个
34、重要因素。1A 主旨大意题。文章第一段的第二句话就已将本文主旨告 知：“.there is another factor that can cause your heart_problems more immediately：the_air_you_breathe.”故选择 A 项。2C 猜测词义题。文章第三段第一句和第二句主要内容是：虽然空气污染这个因素对于健康人士来说危害相对小，并且相对于其他因素来说空气污染的危害比较低，但是我们不能忽视它。根据上下文句意选择 C 项。3D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的最后一句“So stricter regulation.may not only imp
35、rove_environmental_air_qualitybut could also become necessary_to_protect_public_health.”可知应选择 D 项。4A 主旨大意题。根据全文可以发现，作者希望通过本文告知读者空气污染对心脏有危害，希望大家在关注这一情况的同时注意环境的保护，故选择 A 项 inform 告知，通知。persuade劝说；describe 描述；entertain 娱乐。.语法填空1wore 考查动词的过去式。2looking 现在分词作伴随状语。3to pour begin to do 开始做。4protection 名词作宾语。
36、5and 该空表示并列关系，故用 and。6surprisedly 副词作状语。7leaning 现在分词作宾补。8shook 根据 and woke 可知用过去时。9up wake up 弄醒。10On on my way home 在我回家的路上。.短文改错Hangzhou is one of the most famous tourist citycities in China,not only famous for its natural beauty,but also famous for its history.There are so muchmany tourist attra
37、ctions in this city like theWest Lake,the Temple of General Yuefei and Lingyin Temple.You cant go to Hangzhou without visitvisiting these places.Hangzhou is also famous for its silk orand tea products.You can go to the Hangzhou Silk City to buy silk articles.And you can eitheralso go to the National
38、 Tea Museum to have some Chinese tea.The best season to visit Hangzhou is spring,because of its warm and sunny during that time.The trees are coming upout and the flowers are blooming.Every spring,many people wentgo to Hangzhou to go boating on the West Lake.WhatHow I wish to visit that beautiful city.谢谢观赏！Thanks!
