1、第四课时 名词性从句单句语法填空/单句改错1.As natural architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe(土坯)walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2015全国，70)2.The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.(2016全国，短文改错)3.My uncle is the
2、owner of a restaurant close to that I live.(2016全国，短文改错)感 悟 高 考4.After looking at the toy for some time,he turned around and found where his parents were missing.(2015全国，短文改错)5.This is how I need to improve in the future.(2013全国大纲，短文改错)答 案1.how2.howwhat3.thatwhere 4.wherethat5.howwhat 考点一 主语从句规则 引导主
3、语从句的连接词如下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.长久以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来伦敦。What struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。考 点 清 单规则 主语从句一般放在句首，但有时也可用i
4、t作形式主语，而将主语从句移到句子的末尾。常见的句型：(1)It be 形 容 词(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)that从句。It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。(2)Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder/no surprise等)that从句。Its
5、no surprise that our team has won the game.我们队获胜一点都不令人吃惊。(3)Itbe过去分词(said/reported/decided/believed等)that从句。It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。考点二 表语从句规则 表语从句的引导词主要有：that(不可省略)，whether(不能换成if)，what，who，which，how，why，when，where，whoever，wherever，as if/th
6、ough等。The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.问题是我们是否可以在如此短的时间内做好准备。规则 because引导的表语从句强调原因，而why引导的表语从句强调结果。If Im a bit sleepy，its because I was up all night.如果我有点困，是因为一夜没睡。Thats why I object to the plan.这就是我反对这个计划的原因。考点三 宾语从句规则 引导宾语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether，if；连接代词what
7、，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等；从句用陈述语序。We must find out when Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们可以为他预订房间。规则 形式宾语it：在动词find，feel，consider，make，believe，think等后面有宾语补足语的时候则需要用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。I made it clear that I was determined to carry o
8、ut the plan.我很清楚，我已下定决心实施这项计划。规则 有些动词不能直接跟宾语从句，需要借助形式宾语it。常见的这类动词有like，dislike，hate，love，enjoy，appreciate等。He hates it when people play his iPhone 7.他讨厌别人玩他的苹果7。考点四 同位语从句规则 同位语从句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief等词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步解释、说明。The problem whether we should continue to do
9、the experiment hasnt been solved.我们是否应该继续做实验这一问题还没解决。规则同位语从句的引导词只起引导作用，不在句中作任何成分，一般不可省略。The news that Sun Yang had won the game spread over the whole school.孙杨赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。考点五 whether/if(是否)引导的名词性从句规则 whether和if在宾语从句中经常可以互换。但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般用whether不用if。规则 但与or或or not连用时只能用whether。I dont k
10、now whether or not the report is true.我不知道报道是否真的。规则 但从句作介词宾语时只能用whether。I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我担心他是否能熬过这次疾病的关键时刻。1.【误】He got ill；this was why he had eaten too much.【正】He got ill；this was because he had eaten too much.【探究】this was because.那是因为；this was wh
11、y那就是的原因。正 误 探 究2.【误】For one thing，that you are studying is badly needed nowadays in our country.【正】For one thing，what you are studying is badly needed nowadays in our country.【探究】what在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语或表语；而that本身没有意义，不作任何成分，只起连接作用。3.【误】Our team won the match pleased us very much.【正】That our team won the
12、 match pleased us very much.【探究】that引导主语从句时虽然只起引导作用，但通常不能省略。4.【误】If you can make progress in your study depends on whether you try your best.【正】Whether you can make progress in your study depends on whether you try your best.【探究】if引导主语从句不能放在句首，这时要用whether。易错点1what与that在名词性从句中的区别(1)_ I want to tell y
13、ou is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.误填 That答案What本题考查主语从句。句意：我想对你说的是我对父母亲的深深的爱和尊重。句子谓语为is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语，指事物，故填what。易 错 防 范(2)Experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.(2013北京，33)误填 what 答案that本题考查宾语从句。句意：专家们相信人们只在必需的时候购物就会浪费更少的食物。
14、动词believe之后为宾语从句，从句陈述一个事实，结构完整，不缺少成分，故用that。【点拨】that在其引导的名词性从句中只起引导作用，不作句子成分；而what在名词性从句中起双重作用，既作成分，又能引导句子。故做题的关键在于分析从句中是否缺少成分。即在that/what之间，若从句缺成分就选what，反之that。易错点2whatever与what；whoever与who的区别(1)We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012福建，35)误填 who答案who
15、ever考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：我们允诺向任何参加聚会的人提供一个和那位电影明星合影的机会。参加聚会的任何人whoever相当于anyone who，whoever引导的从句作promise的宾语，同时whoever又在从句中充当主语。(2)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.(2012辽宁，34)误填 what 答案whatever考查宾语从句。介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever。【点拨】
16、在名词性从句中，引导词whatever，whoever均泛指，分别可转换成anything that，anyone who，并将其代入，这样解题便轻松多了。易错点3 名词性从句与其他从句混淆不清Were living in _ people call“Information Age”，so everything is possible.误填 which答案what句意：我们生活在信息时代，所以一切皆有可能。介词in后跟宾语从句。在从句中动词call后缺宾语，故用what。【点拨】弄清连接代词与连接副词的区别。关系代词who，whose，whom，that，which有词义，在从句中作主语、表语
17、、宾语或定语等。when，where，why，how有词义，在从句中作状语。that无词义，不作成分。if/whether有词义，在名词性从句中不作成分。.用适当的连接词填空1.It is often the case _ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江苏，21)2.Your support is important to our work._ you can do helps.(2016北京，24)3.The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have
18、an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016天津，11)4.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.(2016北京，29)针 对 训 练5.A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not _ ships are built for.6.I truly believe _ beauty comes from within.7._ we understand things has a lot
19、to do with what we feel.8.I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.9._ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.10.If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface.Often there are r
20、ocks or branches hidden in the water.答案1.that2.Whatever3.that4.that5.what6.that7.How8.how9.Where10.what.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)1.That college students are mainly concerned about is employment and their dream to have well-paid jobs where they can live their lives to the fullest.2.There is no doubt if English h
21、as become a universal language nowadays.3.That you should learn is how to write down the most important words，not the whole sentence.Remember that you need information，not sentences.4.I feel it a terrible thing which my mother should have to toil so endlessly.5.The fact is what he didnt notice the c
22、ar until too late.6.Secondly，watching TV is a good way to kill our spare time.Finally，we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared.7.As time went on，I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time.8.Now I am writing to tell you that my city has done to reduce traffic jams in the l
23、ast few years.9.I had thought if perhaps the woman would blame the man.Beyond my expectations，the woman answered with a smile.10.Fortunately，I had a mobile phone with me，so I called the police and told them that had been found.答案1.ThatWhat2.ifthat3.ThatWhat 4.whichthat5.whatthat6.thatwhat7.whathow8.
24、thatsomething that/all that/all/what9.ifthat或去掉if10.thatwhat .语篇填空(用适当的连接词填空)I like reading very much.My classmates question is _1_ I began to love reading.Actually，I love reading as a child.I grew up in a college town and I spent all my summer vacations in this university.What I meant was _2_ I was
25、 surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read._3_ I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies.My love of reading was credited with the fact _4_ my parents only let me watch an hour of TV a day.I learned to entertain myself through my mind and imagination.Its no
26、t really surprising _5_ literature became my vocation.Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural womens legends.Jane Goodall went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university._6_ there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot.Thanks to Jane Goodal
27、l，her research showed me the answer.She argued _7_ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment.After finishing her story，I still have some doubts _8_ she could achieve great success on her own in the forest.Lin Qiaozhi，a doctor，became a specialist in womens illnesses.She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children._9_ made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients._10_she didnt choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now.答案1.when2.that3.That4.that5.that6.Whether7.that8.how9.What10.Why
