1、模块检测 (一)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ATheory of mind is what allows us to assess the mental states (thoughts，feelings，beliefs) of others based on a whole host of input，and to use that assessment to predict and explain what people are th
2、inking.Theory of mind allows us to defeat competitors in business and avoid being cheated in turn，as well as know the unspoken things of romantic(爱情的) relationships.Unfortunately，men have gotten the short end of the stick when it comes to theory of mind.Girls tend to develop theirs faster than boys，
3、and women generally do better on theory of mind tasks than men.Fortunately，its a skill that can be cultivated，and reading fiction is one way to do so.Studies show that when we read fiction，the parts of our brain responsible for theory of mind light up and keep working.Narratives require us to guess
4、at the hidden purposes of characters，figure out what their enemies or lovers may or may not be thinking，as well as keep track of all the social interactions(社交) between them.When it comes to building the muscle of our theory of mind，Jane Austens novels are like barbells(杠铃)Theyre all about relations
5、hips and what everyone thinks about those relationships. Austens novels are filled with many characters who constantly guess at the thoughts and intentions of the other characters; each communicates with the others in complex ways that influence the relationships of nearly everyone in the book.For e
6、xample，in Pride and Prejudice，there are almost 50 different characters，and all of them connect with each other in some subtle way.Keeping track of this web of relationships and figuring out what all those subtle 19thcentury British social gestures really mean，become a useful exercise in theory of mi
7、nd.Whenever I finish a Jane Austen novel，I thus feel a bit more socially smart.【语篇解读】作者认为男人多读简奥斯汀的小说有助于他们发展心智理论，更好地读懂他人的想法。1What does Paragraph 1 tell us about theory of mind?AIts mainly used by businessmen.BIt is hardly used in our daily life.CIt doesnt really benefit relationships.DIt helps us kno
8、w about others thoughts.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Theory of mind is what allows us to assess the mental states.that assessment to predict and explain what people are thinking.”可知，这种理论有助于我们知道他人的想法。答案：D2What is the meaning of the underlined word “cultivated” in Paragraph 3?ADeveloped.BFound.CChanged. DReplaced.
9、解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“develop”和第三段后面讲述对于这种能力的培养方式可知，画线词意为“培养”。答案：A3What does the author mainly want to show by comparing Jane Austens novels to barbells?AHer novels are difficult to read.BHer novels have characters with special thoughts.CHer novels are all about relationships.DHer novels are good for the
10、ory of mind training.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“Theyre all about relationships and.guess at the thoughts and intentions of the other characters”以及“Keeping track of this web of relationships.I thus feel a bit more socially smart.”可知，这里的比喻是为了表明简奥斯汀的小说有助于训练我们的心智理论。答案：DBThe tombs of Pompeii，the Roman city buried b
11、y a volcanic eruption(火山喷发) in AD 79，are quite special.Animal bones，broken potteries(陶器) and architectural material，such as bricks，were found crowded inside and outside the tombs where the citys dead were laid to rest.To explain the condition，some brought out a theory that 15 years before the erupti
12、on，an earthquake left Pompeii in disorder. But archaeological evidence shows that the city wasnt forsaken by its people.Instead of leaving，citizens appeared to have rebuilt the public spaces and houses.“It just didnt make sense that garbage would mean the tombs werent being used，” said Allison Emmer
13、son from University of Cincinnati.She suggested that we shouldnt judge Pompeii by modern standards，which never encourage being messy in life.“Attitudes toward the garbage are very culturally defined，and it looks like in Pompeii attitudes were very different from ours，” said Emmerson.The same sort of
14、 garbage was also found in the city streets of Pompeii，along the walls of the city，and even on the floors of homes.In a house that appeared to have served as a restaurant，a cistern(水箱) for storing water between two garbage sites was packed with broken potteries and food waste，such as animal bones an
15、d grape seeds.No evidence has been found for a system for handling garbage.The citizens in Pompeii also appear not to have shared our traditions on burial.As Romans，the citizens were always concerned with being remembered after death，so they built tombs in hightraffic areas.Since Roman law forbade t
16、ombs inside the city，they were built along the city walls.When the eruption buried the city，new tombs were still being built and the city appeared prosperous (繁荣的)，according to Emmerson.【语篇解读】考古学家在意大利庞贝古城的坟墓内外发现了许多垃圾，这种现象并不符合常理，但在当时的人们看来可能极其平常。4Why are the tombs of Pompeii considered special?AThey a
17、re of no historical value.BA lot of garbage was found there.CA volcanic eruption ruined them.DThey have been kept in good condition.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Animal bones.were found crowded inside and outside the tombs.”可知，庞贝墓穴的特殊之处在于其一点也不干净整洁，到处堆满了垃圾。答案：B5Whats the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph
18、2?AGiven up. BDepended on.CBelieved in. DLet out.解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“Instead of leaving.rebuilt the public spaces and houses.”可知，地震之后庞贝居民并未抛弃这座城市，而是重建了它。由此可推测“forsaken”意为“抛弃，放弃”。答案：A6We can infer from Paragraph 3 that people in Pompeii_.Awere too busy to deal with the garbageBwanted to make good use of t
19、he garbageCwere used to living with the garbageDdidnt have enough space to place the garbage解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The same sort of garbage.a cistern for storing water between two garbage sites.”可推断，庞贝古城的人们习惯和垃圾生活在一起。答案：C7What did Romans mainly consider when choosing a site for a tomb?AWhether the site was
20、inside the city.BWhether the tomb could be seen by many people.CWhether the scenery around the site was great.DWhether the tomb might cause troubles to others.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“As Romans.being remembered after death，so they built tombs in hightraffic areas.”可知，庞贝居民修建坟墓的位置取决于它们是否显眼。答案：BCIt is National
21、Sleep Awareness Week and reflecting on the importance of this basic act is timely.As a preventive cardiologist (心脏病专家)，I work with patients who want to improve their health and lengthen their lives.Many of them have major risk factors for heart disease；others already have fullblown heart disease or
22、have experienced a heart attack.Traditionally，patients who want to improve their heart health have received four main suggestions from their doctors：Eat a healthy diet，get more exercise，quit smoking，and enjoy proper amounts of alcohol.Plenty of research backs up these four pieces of advice：Large stu
23、dies have found that making improvements in these four areas lowers the chance of dying of heart disease by 67 percent.But lately，researchers are starting to recognize that there should be five recommendations on that list，not just four.Theyre discovering that getting enough sleep is a powerful heal
24、th protector as well.When researchers include enough sleep in their studies as a fifth cardiopreventive behaviour change，they find that it lowers the chance of dying of heart disease even more: Adding a good seven hours of sleep a night in addition to making positive changes in diet，exercise，smoking
25、，and alcohol intake lowers the chance of dying of heart disease by 83 percent.When that news started coming out，doctors began tagging(添加) sleep onto their list of recommended health behaviour changes. But I don t think sleep belongs at the bottom of the list.I think it should be at the top！I believe
26、 that getting enough sleepat least seven to eight hours per night for most peopleis the most important health behaviour change you can make to improve the health of your heart and your overall health.Sure，Id prefer that everyone make all of the big five lifestyle changes，but if I could only choose o
27、ne，Id pick sleep because when you are wellrested，you have more power to make the right choices about what you eat and drink，and you have more energy to exercise and you have the resilience you need to kick bad habits such as smoking and overeating.But when youre exhausted，everything in life is more
28、difficult.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作为一名心脏病学专家，作者认为充足的睡眠对我们的心脏健康最为重要。8What does the latest research show?AVarious factors lead to good heart health.BEnough sleep contributes to good heart health.CSeven hours sleep is most important to the heart.DThe chance of dying of heart disease has dropped.解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“
29、When researchers include enough sleep in their studies as a fifth cardiopreventive behaviour change，they find that it lowers the chance of dying of heart disease even more”可知，最新研究表明，充足的睡眠对心脏健康更重要。答案：B9What was the doctors reaction to the news on sleep?AThey tried to ignore it.BThey discussed it publ
30、icly.CThey thought it made sense.DThey totally changed their minds.解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的“When that news started coming out，doctors began tagging sleep onto their list of recommended health behaviour changes.”可知，医生们认可该消息。答案：C10What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?AWhat the importance of a healthy
31、 lifestyle is.BWhy different factors need to work together.CWhat prevents people from living healthily.DWhy the author makes sleep his No.1 suggestion.解析：段落大意题。在最后一段，作者认为充足的睡眠是五个建议中最重要的，对此，他给出了自己的理由。答案：D第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Should school bake sales be banned?
32、In Massachusetts，selling sugary treats at fundraisers(募捐活动) is banned during the school day.Massachusetts is one of 24 states that have adopted(采用) the federal Smart Snacks standards.The rules were finalized in June by the US Department of Agriculture.People who support the rules hope that restricti
33、ng(限制) bake sales will promote(倡导) healthy eating habits and reduce childhood obesity.11_Currently，26 states have made exceptions to the federal Smart Snacks standards to allow a set number of bake sales each year.In Colorado，North Dakota，and Utah，schools were allowed to host three bake sales per ye
34、ar.Other states have passed even sweeter rules.12._Critics(批评家) argue that restricting bake sales makes it harder for students to raise muchneeded money for field trips，sports teams，and arts programmes.Two students shared their views.Jaelyn Balley said，“13._Banning unhealthy foods at school fundrais
35、ers would help students learn about which fats，oils，and sugars are unhealthy.Kids should be encouraged to eat healthy snacks.There are too many overweight kids.Even if schools make less money selling vegetables，that would be better than offering unhealthy food to kids.”Layla Virji has a different op
36、inion.“Bake sales are beneficial for schools.14._Unfortunately，many schools have been forced to reduce these programmes due to budget cuts.The money from bake sales can keep these programmes going.Some people think bake sales promote unhealthy eating habits.15._But it is fine to have a treat once in
37、 a while.Bake sales during school hours should be allowed.”AYes，too many sweets can be harmful.BBut bake sales are not completely disappearing.CIn Michigan，schools can sell sugary treats twice a week.DSchools can have fruitful fundraisers to give them the funds.EAbout one in three American children
38、are overweight or obese.FSchools should offer healthy choices at bake sales instead of sugary snacks.GSelling snacks can help fund programmes such as art，music，field trips，and sports.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了是否应该禁止学校的烘焙销售。11解析：由上文的描述以及该空后的“26 states.allow a set number of bake sales each year”可知，烘焙销售并没有
39、完全消失。答案：B12解析：由该空前的“Other states have passed even sweeter rules.”可知，C项“在密歇根州，学校可以每周卖两次甜食”符合此处语境。答案：C13解析：由该空后的“Banning unhealthy foods at school fundraisers.”和“Kids should be encouraged to eat healthy snacks.”可知，巴莱认为学校应该提供健康的零食，F项内容符合此处语境。答案：F14解析：由该空前的“Bake sales are beneficial for schools.”和最后一句“B
40、ake sales during school hours should be allowed.”可知，莱利亚对学校的烘焙销售持支持的观点，她认为烘焙销售对学校有益处，因为卖零食可以为艺术、音乐、校外参观学习和体育等项目筹集资金。答案：G15解析：由该空前的“Some people think bake sales promote unhealthy eating habits.”和该空后的“But it is fine to have a treat once in a while.”可知，莱利亚承认吃太多的甜食对健康有害处，但是偶尔吃点并无大碍。答案：A第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分4
41、5分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During Hurricane Sandy last year，the garage and basement of Christine ODonovans house in New York were flooded，and two cars，years of paperwork，and photos were _16_Still，her husband，five children (aged 2 to 12)，and an adopte
42、d dog named Buster remained _17_Six months earlier，shed taken Buster _18_ after finding the sixmonthold puppy(小狗仔) left _19_ to a telephone pole.Just a month later，_20_，as construction workers repaired the house，Buster dashed through the open front gate and _21_. “I was extremely sad，” ODonovan says
43、.All the searches for him were _22_Weeks later，ODonovan got a text from a friend，_23_ her to look at a Facebook page that lists _24_ scheduled to be killed at New York City shelters the next day._25_ enough，when ODonovan visited the website，there was a picture of Buster，who was apparently to be put
44、to sleep eight _26_ later，early the next morning.The shelter was closed for the night and wouldnt _27_ again to the public until 8 am. “Im thinking，how am I going to get him _28_ they do this？” says ODonovan.The next morning，she drove to the _29_ with all five kids.She asked the woman at the front d
45、esk if Buster was still there.When the woman replied yes, “It was like a thousand pounds _30_ my shoulders，” said ODonovan.To _31_ her ownership，she told the assistant, “_32_ me to the back where he is，and you will see hes my dog.” When Buster spotted his _33_，he went wild，barking，jumping and lickin
46、g ODonovans face.She burst into _34_The shelter worker needed nothing _35_ and Buster went home.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主人通过网络找到遗失的宠物狗，使其免于被屠宰，体现了宠物和主人之间的真挚情感。16A.destroyed BinjuredChurt Dexposed解析：根据语境，在此次飓风中，two cars，years of paperwork，and photos被毁坏(destroyed)了。destroy指彻底的“破坏”，含有“不能或很难修复”的意思；injure指意外事故造成的
47、损伤；hurt常指身体或精神的“伤害”，特指有疼痛的“受伤”；expose指“暴露”。答案：A17A.dead BluckyCsafe Dhealthy解析：由still可知，上文说到东西被毁了，而作者的丈夫、五个孩子还有宠物狗仍然安全(safe)。答案：C18A.away BhomeCout Dup解析：根据上文可知，她将小流浪狗带回了家(home)。答案：B19A.stuck BfixedCjoined Dtied解析：根据a telephone pole可知，小狗被拴(tie)在电话线杆上。stick意为“卡住”；fix意为“安装”；join意为“连接”；tie意为“拴；系”。答案：D2
48、0A.however BbutCtherefore Dnevertheless解析：根据语境可知，小狗被领回家，但是一个月后走失了，前后两句为转折关系，且空格后有逗号，故选however。答案：A21A.died down Bshowed upCran off Drushed in解析：根据“.dashed through the open front gate.”可知，小狗跑掉了(run off)。答案：C22A.in place Bin vainCby design Dby chance解析：根据extremely sad可知，一连串的寻找都是徒劳的(in vain)。in place意为
49、“在正确的位置；准备就绪的”；by design意为“故意地”；by chance意为“偶然地”。答案：B23A.wishing BpreventingCstopping Dtelling解析：根据上下文信息的内容可知用“讲述(tell)”。答案：D24A.people BchildrenCanimals Dbuster解析：根据下文中的“.to be killed.”及下文内容可知此处表示被屠宰的动物(animal)。答案：C25A.Strangely BSadlyCWell DSure解析：sure enough意为“果真，果然”，为固定搭配。答案：D26A.days BhoursCmin
50、utes Dweeks解析：根据next morning可知是8小时(hour)后。答案：B27A.open BcloseCwork Dgive解析：根据was closed可知，直到第二天早晨8点，这个地方才能开放(open)。答案：A28A.after BsinceCbefore Dwhen解析：根据语境可知，作者要在小狗被屠宰之前(before)找到它。答案：C29A.dog BshelterChouse Dwebsite解析：根据上文可知此处表示收容所(shelter)。答案：B30A.lifted off Bput onCwent away Dcame to解析：听说小狗还在那里，“
51、我”如释重负。lift.off意为“将移去”；put on意为“放在上；穿上”；go away意为“走掉”；come to sth意为“(形势)成为，变为(通常指变糟)”。答案：A31A.make BgaveCprove Dproduce解析：空格所在处意为：为了证明(prove)她是小狗的主人答案：C32A.Tell BTakeCHelp DBring解析：句意：将我带到(take)小狗那里，(然后)你就知道它是我的小狗了。答案：B33A.mother BmendCbaby Downer解析：根据常识可知，小狗看到主人(owner)时才会有文中那一系列的动作。答案：D34A.laughter
52、 BtearsCflames Dlove解析：根据语境及常识可知此处表示突然哭起来(burst into tears)。答案：B35A.better BbestCmost Dmore解析：空格所在处意为：工作人员再不需要任何别的东西(去证明她是小狗的主人了)。所以选more。答案：D第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Emily：I know we have to talk with our customers，but Im worried Im going to put my foot in my mouth
53、.Paula：There are a great many topics 36._ are considered “nonoes” in western culture.Youd better avoid discussions on politics，money and especially religion.Emily：When I visited Italy last year，I noticed a sign at a church 37._ (ask) people to remove their hats.Paula：In some 38._ (religion) centres
54、wearing hats is considered impolite.Many western people also think you should remove your hat while dining 39._ in a more formal setting.Emily：You said money is off limits (禁止谈论的) as well.Can you offer a(n) 40._ (explain)?Paula：In some parts of Asia，salary (薪水) is an acceptable conversation topic，bu
55、t in the West，people get very 41._ (comfort) when discussing money.Emily：That makes sense.Paula：OK .a couple of more important points.In some Asian societies，when you meet someone and you notice they have put 42._ weight，you might say “Youve gained weight！” But in the West 43._ is almost never appro
56、priate to comment on someones appearance.Emily：Its not a criticism.Paula：In the West it 44._ (view) as a criticism.So dont comment on weight.Emily：Maybe I can 45._ (simple) say “You look well.”Paula：That would be perfect.【语篇解读】本文是一则艾米丽和保拉关于西方文化的对话。36解析：设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰topics，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。答案：t
57、hat/which37解析：设空处作后置定语修饰sign，sign与ask之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且ask所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填asking。答案：asking38解析：设空处作定语修饰centres，故填religious。答案：religious39解析：根据语境可知“while dining”与“in a more formal setting”之间是选择关系，故填or。答案：or40解析：其前有冠词修饰，故填名词形式explanation。答案：explanation41解析：设空处作表语，且根据“In some parts of Asia .acceptable con
58、versation topic”和“but in the West”可知，设空处表示“不舒服的”，故填uncomfortable。答案：uncomfortable42解析：put on weight意为“增加体重，变胖”。答案：on43解析：设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是to comment on someones appearance，故填it。答案：it44解析：it与view之间是被动关系，且根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填is viewed。答案：is viewed45解析：设空处作状语修饰动词say，故填simply。答案：simply第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应
59、用文写作(满分15分)假定你是李华，刚从英国学习回来，你的好友Peter在你学习期间为你提供了许多帮助。请你给他写一封电子邮件，感谢他对你的帮助，内容包括：(1)感谢Peter帮你找寄宿家庭(host family)、带你参加各种活动等；(2)邀请Peter来中国游玩。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_答案：Dear Peter，I came back from England last week，and Im writing to express my appreciation to you. I couldnt have had such a wonderfu
60、l trip without your help. On arrival in Britain，I was a bit nervous，for it was the first time I had left my parents and travelled alone.Fortunately，the host family you recommended to me was so hospitable that they made me feel at home and helped me a lot.Whats more，you took me to some famous museums
61、 and activities，which both enriched my study life and broadened my horizons.Thank you so much for all of these.In return，Id like to invite you to spend your holiday in China this summer.Im looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua第二节概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。There are many argument
62、s out there for and against listening to music while studying.Some people find music help them focus，while others find music distract them from the task at hand. The truth is，theres no simple answer to this question.Studies have shown that listening to music negatively affected test scores，but other
63、 studies have shown a positive effect.In reality，every persons studying needs are different.Music is undoubtedly distracting for some，particularly if it is of very high energy.Listening to music that is fun and exciting is great when you want to have a dance party，but it may make you feel restless w
64、hen you need to settle down and study.A few scientists have argued that listening to your favourite music before studying，or during a study break，can get your brain ready to study，though，even if you dont find it helpful to listen to tunes while actually doing your homework. The idea that listening t
65、o classical music can improve your brain function has long been a trend in how we think about the effects of music on our studying abilities.However，there is little evidence to back up the power of classical music. Despite the lack of scientific evidence，classical music does have the benefit of bein
66、g without lyrics (歌词)Many people also find classical music relaxing to listen to，which may put you in a better state for studying effectively.Maybe listening to music isnt for you，but you will find silence a little distracting in itself.Perhaps its time to give listening to a different type of sound
67、 a try!Many people have found it beneficial to listen to nature sounds when studying or trying to find some peacefulness.In particular，sounds like rain falling，whales calling，and wind whistling through trees can help to relax and increase focus.There are plenty of apps，websites，and streaming options
68、(选择)for finding nature sounds people love them! _答案：People have different opinions about listening to music while studying.(要点1) The results of various studies are different，for different people need different things.(要点2) However，listening to classical music can help relax you，which may make you study effectively.(要点3) In addition，you can try some natural sounds which can help you focus on study.(要点4)
