1、Unit 1A land of diversity1.These population figures refect the fact that the United States is an urban nation.这些人口数字反映了美国是一个城市国家的事实。2.Americans of Hispanic origin was the_largest ethnic minority. African Americans are the second largest minority group.西班牙裔美国人是最大的少数民族。非洲裔美国人是第二大少数民族。3.New York is kno
2、wn for its culture diversity.纽约以其文化多样性闻名。4.Asian Americans live across the country, and also found in large numbers in New York City, Chicago, Boston, Houston, and other urban centers.亚裔美国人生活在全国各地，在纽约市、芝加哥、波士顿、休斯顿和其他城市中心也有很多人。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)means (n.) 手段；方法meaning (n.) 意思mean (vt.) 意味着；打算meaningful
3、 (adj.) 有意义的(2)majority (n.) 大多数；大半major (adj.) 主要的 (vi.) 主修minority (n.) 少数；少数派；少数民族(一般用复数)minor (adj.) 较小的；次要的(3)elect (vt.) 选择；决定做某事；选举某人election (n.) 选举(4)boom (n.) (人口、贸易的)繁荣 (vi.) 处于经济迅速发展时期(5)occur (vi.) 发生；出现occurred (过去式/过去分词)occurrence (n.) 事件；发生的事(6)indicate (vt.) 指出；标示；表明；暗示indication (n
4、.) 迹象；标示(7)slip (vi.) 滑动；滑行；滑跤 (n.) 滑动；滑倒slipper (n.) 拖鞋slippery (adj.) 滑的(8)hire (vt.& n) 租用；雇用fire (vt.) 解雇(9)nowhere (adv.) 无处；到处都无(10)reform (vt.& vi.) 改革；革新 (n.) 改革；改造；改良阅读单词(1)distinct (adj.) 清晰的；明显的；明确的(2)percentage (n.) 百分比；百分率(3)racial (adj.) 人种的；种族的(4)crossing (n.) 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道(5)applic
5、ant (n.) 申请人(6)customs (n.) 海关；关税；进口税(7)luggage (n.) 行李(8)punishment (n.) 处罚；惩罚(9)grasp (vt.& n) 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会(10)thankful (adj.) 感激的；感谢的单句语法填空1.Besides, I have such a good command of English that I _ (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.答案：am elected2.Jack was working in the lab when the power
6、cut _ (occur).答案：occurred3.I couldnt understand the words _ (mean).答案：meaning4.All the _ (apply) should fill in the form first.答案：applicants5.One of the _ (majority) problems is that they cant raise enough money.答案：major6.Walk along the street and turn left at the first _ (cross).答案：crossing7.The _
7、(customs) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.答案：custom8.Did he give you any _ (indicate) of his feelings？答案：indication9.The people there suffered many _ (hard) during that long winter.答案：hardships10.The road is _ (slip) and youd better slow down.答案：slippery联想积累与“雇用、辞退”有关的词汇全接触hire n&
8、v. 雇用employ vt. 雇用fire vt. 解雇dismiss vt. 解雇lay off 解雇；下岗take on 雇用1.live_on继续存在；继续生存2.by means of . 用方法；借助3.make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4.keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)5.back_to_back 背靠背6.team up with 与合作或一起工作7.mark out 用线画出范围；标出界线8.take in 包括；吸收9.a great/good many 许多；很多10.apply for 申请；请示得到选词填空keep up， apply
9、 for， mark out， a great/good many， make a life， team up with1.In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging and you will try to _ for yourself.答案：make a life2._ houses were knocked down by the earthquake.答案：A great/good many3.When you are reading an article, youd better _ the key wo
10、rds and topic sentences.答案：mark out4.Im writing to _ the position as a student volunteer.答案：apply for5.You can _ another classmate if you cant finish it on time.答案：team up with6.In some rural places of China, some people still _ their traditional lifestyles.答案：keep up联想积累“动词in”短语荟萃take in 包括；吸收；欺骗br
11、eak in 闯入give in 屈服；让步；投降turn in 上交arrive in 到达(较大地方)consist in 在于；存在于join in 参加result in 导致book in 办理入住登记手册check in 登记入住fill in 填写hand in 上交get in 收获；到达put in 安装(设备)；插嘴cut in 插嘴；强行超车课文原句句式梳理仿写训练The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States.距离
12、最近因而来得最早的是南美洲人和美国人。“the firstto do”结构，意为“第一个做某事的人”。类似用法：the序数词to do。The prize will be awarded to _ the finishing line.奖品将颁发给第一个到达终点线的人。答案：the first to reach直击重点 突破考点meansn. 手段；方法(单复数同形)(P2)(1)单句语法填空Every possible means _ (try), but none works.Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no mean
13、s _ (be) the teacher satisfied with my progress.答案：has been triedis(2)单句写作Only _ will you succeed.只有用这种方法你才会成功。Students sometimes enrich their life _ parttime jobs.学生们有时通过做兼职工作丰富他们的生活。答案：by this meansby means ofby this means 用这种方法by means of 借助于；通过方法by no means 决不；一点也不by all means (用于交际英语表示同意)当然可以；没
14、问题(1)means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。(2)by no means 位于句首时，句子应部分倒装。majorityn. 大多数；大半(P2)(1)单句语法填空The majority _ (be) in favor of the suggestion at the meeting.答案：was/were(2)单句写作In fact, he inspired me _ English in college.事实上，他激励我在大学
15、里主修英语专业。When it comes to education, _ people believe that it is a lifelong career.说到教育，大部分人认为其是终生的事业。答案：to major inthe majority of(1)the majority of 大多数be in a/the majority 构成大多数/大部分(2)major vi.专修；主攻 adj.主要的 n专业major in 主修(3)minority n少数；少数派；少数民族(一般用复数)(1)当the majority of . 作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。(2
16、)当the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数都可以。occurvi. 发生；出现(P5)(1)单句语法填空I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _ (occur).答案：occurred(2)单句写作_ that I knew how to solve that problem.我突然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。If any of these symptoms _ while you are taking the medicine, consult your docto
17、r immediately.服药期间如果产生了这些症状中的任何一种，要立即就医。答案：It occurred to/struck/hit meoccurssth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that 某人突然想起It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想到要做某事occur为不及物动词，意为“发生；出现”，相当于happen，不能用于被动语态。indicatevt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示(P7)(1)单句语法填空With a nod of his head he indicated _ me w
18、here I should sit.He gave no _ (indicate) that he was ready to compromise.答案：toindication(2)单句改错The bell indicated the end of the class rang, interrupting our heated discussion._It is no indication that there will be an earthquake._答案：indicatedindicatingItThere(1)indicate sth. to sb. 向某人指出/暗示某物/事ind
19、icate that . 示意；表明；暗示；说明(2)indication n. 暗示；表明；预兆；指示There is no indication that . 没有迹象表明There are (clear) indications that . 有(明显的)迹象表明make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等(P2)(1)单句语法填空They settled down in Canada and made _ life for themselves.She had to look for parttime jobs these years _ (make) a living.答案：a
20、to make(2)单句改错They moved to a new city last year and it was difficult for them to make the life there._答案：thea(1)make/earn a/ones living 谋生(2)live/lead a . life 过着生活 come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气bring . back to life 使苏醒过来；给活力take in 包括；领会；理解；欺骗；收留；吸收(P8)(1)单句语法填空Women are usually _ (take) in to b
21、uy a lot of things that they dont really need.答案：taken(2)写出下列句中take in的含义The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night._While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge._The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland._Lacking necessary social
22、experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by ill people._Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words._答案：收留吸收包括欺骗理解take apart 拆开；打败；抨击(论点等)take back 收回；退回；使回忆起昔日take care of 照料take down 往下拽；拆卸；记下take it easy 别紧张；慢慢来take over 接替；接收；接管take off 脱下(衣服等)；起飞；大获成功take
23、 on 承担；呈现take ones place 入座；代替某人的位置take ones time 不急；慢慢来take up 开始从事；着手处理；占用(时间或空间)；继续a great many 很多；许多(修饰可数名词)(P8)(1)单句语法填空Our institute has ordered a great many _ (instrument) from the company.A good many new books _ (publish) by the Foreign Language Press last month.答案：instrumentswere published(
24、2)单句改错These pupils have read a good many of books on popular science._A great many students in our school has taken an active part in the movement against pollution._答案：去掉ofhashave(1)(2)不可数名词单数谓语(3)(4)教材原句However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand
25、 years ago.(P2)然而，美洲土著人很可能在至少15,000年前就住在加利福尼亚了。(1)单句语法填空_ is likely that he will not come to the party tonight. He is so busy.The more stress you are under, the _ (likely) you are to catch a cold.答案：Itmore likely(2)单句写作_ you will meet some difficulties while reading the novel._ meet some difficultie
26、s while reading the novel.在阅读这本小说时你很可能会遇到困难。答案：It is likely that; You are likely toIt is likely that . “很可能”。本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。此句型可转化为：Sb. be likely to do sth. “某人可能做某事”。likelyIt is likelythat从句Sb. is likely to do sth.但无此表述：“It is likely for sb. to do sth.”possibleIt is possible (for sb.) to d
27、o sth.It is possiblethat从句但不作“Sb. is possible to do sth.”这种表述probableIt is probablethat从句教材原句By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.(P2)到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。(1)单句语法填空By the time they arrive
28、d, the stranger _ (go) away.By the time she gets home, her mother _ (leave) for London to attend a meeting.答案：had gonewill have left(2)单句写作For something, we cant understand when we are young but _ we understand, we are no longer young.有些事情，当我们年轻的时候无法懂得，当我们懂得的时候已不再年轻。答案：by the timeby the time意为“到的时候(
29、为止)”，是一个介词短语，在句中起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。其用法如下：(1)如从句谓语是一般过去时，则主句常用过去完成时。(2)如从句谓语是一般现在时，则主句用将来完成时。(3)如主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，此时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态，此时by the time相当于when(主句多是be的系表结构形式)。课文回练 升华运用Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, _1_ is lik
30、ely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers _2_ (cross) the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the l6th century, after the _3_ (arrive) of the Euro
31、peans, the native people suffered _4_ (great). Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. _5_ addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans _6_ (live) in California than in any other state. In
32、 the 18th century California _7_ (rule) by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took _8_ (they) land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast
33、of what we now call the United States. Of _9_ first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, _10_ ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._答案：1.it2.crossed3.arrival 4.greatly5.In6.living7.was ruled8.their9.the10.whose基础达标 自主训练.单句语
34、法填空1.They are likely _ (fire) by the company just because of their fault.答案：to be firedSb. be likely to do sth. “某人可能做某事”。主语they与fire之间为被动关系，故应填不定式的被动形式。2.The majority of the interviewees _ (prefer) watching TV at home to going to the cinema.答案：preferthe majority of . 作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。由intervi
35、ewees可知谓语动词应用复数形式。3.It suddenly occurred _ him that he should offer a helping hand.答案：toIt (suddenly) occurred/occurs to sb. that . “某人突然想起某事”。4.Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive _ (punish).答案：punishment句中动词receive后缺宾语，故应填名词punishment作宾语。5.We should not have _ (race) discrimination
36、.答案：racial句中缺少一形容词来修饰名词discrimination, 故填racial “种族的”。6.She became the first black woman _ (elect) to the Senate.答案：to be elected当名词或代词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，则常用动词不定式来充当其后置定语，且black woman与elect之间为被动关系，故填to be elected。7.He couldnt express himself correctly _ means of words.答案：byby means of . “借助于；用；通过方法”。8.
37、She _ (slip) out of the house before the others were awake.答案：slipped句意：她趁别人还没醒，溜出了房子。分析句子结构可知，该空为句子的谓语动词，由从句中动词时态were可知，应用一般过去时。9._ (hire) a car, you must produce a passport and a current driving license.答案：To hire句意：若想租车，你需要出示护照及当前驾照。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。10.By the time she knew the news, John _ (fly) to
38、America.答案：had flown由By the time引导的从句的时态为一般过去时可知，主句应用过去完成时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前，故应填had flown。.单句写作1._ (大家相信) the couple have left the country. 答案：It is believed that2.Seeing what we were doing, _ (许多) passengers smiled at us in approval.答案：a good/great many3.When delivering a speech, sometimes you can ma
39、ke yourself understood _ an example.演讲的时候，有时你可以通过举例使大家明白。答案：by means of4._我意识到我们每个人都应该保护我们奇妙的大自然。(occur)答案：It occurs/occurred to me that our wonderful nature should be protected by everyone.5._树木吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。答案：Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.语法填空(2020广西柳州市高三上学期摸底考试)Weve all heard tha
40、t breakfast is _1_ most important meal in the day. It may actually be true. Recently, a study of more than 50,000 adults aged 30 and older _2_ (find) that people who have breakfast are more likely to lose _3_ (weigh) than those who dont eat a morning meal. Other studies connect not eating breakfast
41、_4_ a higher risk of high blood pressure, heart disease and so on. However, its not just when you eat that matters, but _5_ you eat also matters. _6_ (keep) fit, you should have a balanced diet with protein, fiber and healthy fats, which is the key to a satisfying _7_ nutritious breakfast. If you wa
42、nt to keep _8_ (you) from being hungry later of the day, youd better eat within 90 minutes after waking up. Also, coffee drunk on an empty stomach is not recommended because it can be _9_ (harm) to your body. There is an old saying that advises “Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and di
43、nner like a beggar.” It is worth _10_ (follow). 1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，吃早餐的人更有可能减肥，不吃早餐的人更有可能患高血压、心脏病。显而易见，早餐对人体是多么的重要。1.the考查冠词。此处是形容词最高级作定语，故填the。2.has found考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语recently可知谓语动词用现在完成时，主语是a study，故填has found。3.weight考查词性转换。lose weight “减肥”，固定短语，故填weight。4.wit
44、h考查介词。connect . with . 固定搭配，“把和联系”，故填with。5.what考查主语从句的连接词。设空处所在句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故填what。6.To keep考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持健康，你应该吃含有蛋白质、纤维和健康的脂肪的均衡饮食不定式作目的状语，故填To keep。7.and考查连词。前后是并列关系，故填and。8.yourself考查代词。句意：如果你想这一天不饿的话，你最好在醒来后九十分钟内吃东西。此处反身代词作宾语，故填yourself。9.harmful考查词性转换。be harmful to固定短语，“对有害”，故填harmful。10.f
45、ollowing考查非谓语动词。be worth doing，固定短语，“值得做”，故填following。.短文改错Dear Jack，Im sorry to hear that you failed in the last final math exam, but which worries me most is that you are in low spirit when facing failure.As senior three students, we all had taken examinations of different types and experienced fa
46、ilure as well as success. It is no doubt that we should take positive attitudes towards our setbacks. We should spare no effort to analyzing the cause of failure, which can help us avoid repeating the similar mistakes. Only when we figure out why we fail can we make a progress in our study. As for y
47、our anxiety, I think doing some sports can do good you. It can give you some time to be refreshing in not only the body but also the mind so that we can go on with your learning energetically and efficiently.I hope all of the above can help you a lot. Lets work hardly together and turn our dream int
48、o reality.Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Jack，Im sorry to hear that you failed in the last final math exam, but worries me most is that you are in low when facing failure.As senior three students, we all taken examinations of different types and experienced failure as well as success. is no doubt that we shoul
49、d take positive attitudes towards our setbacks. We should spare no effort to the cause of failure, which can help us avoid repeating the similar mistakes. Only when we figure out why we fail can we make progress in our study. As for your anxiety, I think doing some sports can do good you. It can giv
50、e you some time to be in not only the body but also the mind so that can go on with your learning energetically and efficiently.I hope all of the above can help you a lot. Lets work together and turn our dream into reality.Yours，Li Hua难项分析：第一处：whichwhat考查主语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列句，其后不是定语从句，故不能用whi
51、ch引导；连接词引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“所的事”，故用what。第二处：spiritspirits考查名词。in low spirits为固定词组，意为“情绪低落”。第四处：ItThere考查固定句式。There is no doubt that . “毫无疑问，”，是固定句型。课时作业.阅读理解(2020吉林省梅河口市高三上学期联考)Nasr Majid started hunting this fall at Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge (保护区) on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in USA. H
52、es one of the relatively few new hunters who officials hope will help stop a nearly fourdecade decline nationally in what has become a hobby for fewer than 5 percent of Americans.Natural resources and wildlife, officials in Maryland are encouraging hunting of deer, turkeys and some other wild animal
53、s, which is believed to be good for the environment. Without hunting, they say, sika deer will overpopulate the wildlife refuge and theyll overeat the bushes and other plants that provide important habitat for birds. On the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, hunting is also important to prevent th
54、e spread of diseases such as Lyme.In many families, the hunting tradition has been handed down for generations. But as longtime sportsmen age and children lose interest, the number of hunters in the United States fell by 2 million, from 2011 to 2018, to about 11 million.“Everything is changing. Kids
55、 are growing up in front of video games and computers instead of going hunting.” said Chris Markin, a hunting specialist for the state natural resources department. “Adults usually focus on working and providing for their families. Those pressures are preventing many other potential hunters from goi
56、ng out, and from raising the next generation of hunters.”To avoid such a decline, a new approach is needed. Government agencies and nonprofit groups are now launching mentoring (指导) programs to train more hunters, which not only helps preserve an industry and a culture but also means more protection
57、 for wildlife and their habitats through deer population control and investment.Luckily, there are those still eager to learn, like Majid. He was just looking for an outdoor hobby he could share with his children when he came across the mentorship program. Now, he feels capable of hunting on his own
58、, but also has someone he can text with questions that pop up. His new_pastime has already paid off for himon his second hunt with his mentor, in the last minutes of daylight, he bagged his first deer.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Nasr Majid在美国马里兰州东海岸黑水国家野生动物保护区狩猎，他是为数不多的几个新猎人之一，官员们希望这些新的猎人能帮助扭转近四十年来全国范围内的狩猎
59、活动下降的局面。1.What can be inferred from Chris Markins words？A.No one is interested in hunting any more.B.Hunting adds to many adults life pressures.C.Parents fail to spend enough time with kids.D.The hunting tradition is facing challenges.答案：D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Everything is changing. Kids are growing up in
60、front of video games and computers instead of going hunting.”以及“Adults usually focus on working and providing for their families. Those pressures are preventing many other potential hunters from going out, and from raising the next generation of hunters.” 可知，孩子们在电子游戏和电脑前长大，而不是去打猎。成年人通常专注于工作和养家糊口。这些压
61、力阻碍了许多其他潜在猎人的外出，也阻碍了下一代猎人的成长。因此，狩猎传统正面临挑战。故选D。2.In this passage, Nasr Majid is considered as a symbol of _.A.bravery BhopeC.enthusiasm Ddevotion 答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，今年秋天，Nasr Majid开始在美国马里兰州东海岸的黑水国家野生动物保护区狩猎，他是为数不多的几个新猎人之一，官员们希望这些新的猎人能帮助扭转近四十年来全国范围内的狩猎活动下降的局面。由此可知，Nasr Majid被认为是希望的象征。故选B。3.What does
62、the underlined words “new pastime” refer to？A.Learning to hunt. BRaising questions.C.Looking for hunters. DSharing a new hobby.答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Luckily, there are those still eager to learn, like Majid. He was just looking for an outdoor hobby he could share with his children”幸运的是，仍有一些人渴望学习，比如马吉德。他只
63、是想找一个可以和孩子们分享的户外爱好。可知，画线词的意思是“学习打猎。”故选A。4.What does the text mainly tell us？A.Teach hunters new skills.B.Preserve a great tradition.C.Make hunting more popular.D.Reduce the pressure of life.答案：C主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了Nasr Majid在美国马里兰州东海岸黑水国家野生动物保护区狩猎，他是为数不多的几个新猎人之一，官员们希望这些新的猎人能帮助扭转近四十年来全国范围内
64、的狩猎活动下降的局面。故选C。(2020陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi. However, their lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (乳齿象).Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and their cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric
65、bone in a piece of earth that was recently plowed. “I thought it was a log，” Caid said. “I tried to pick it up and it was really heavy and I saw teeth on it.” The bone weighed about 50 pounds. They eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their bathtub, but it took their collective str
66、ength, might and a golf cart, to carry the large Mastodon bone.“They didnt expect to find that，” Michaels mom said. “Now they believe that they will be more aware of their surroundings and what theyre digging up when they are digging and playing.”“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil
67、War relics from the area and thats what I thought it was，” the brothers mother said. “This is our first set of teeth weve found. So we thought it was their imagination. We were quite surprised to see that it was not their imagination.”They were exploring near the brothers home. Its surprising that t
68、hey saw what they thought resembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleontology (古生物学) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a “very mature individual”.The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and
69、 trunks, like elephants. They were clearly different from their modern day counterparts, as well as woolly mammoths (猛犸).篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。美国密西西比州的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸，而这些遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定的促进作用。5.How did they find the jawbone of a Mastodon？A.With great efforts.B.By chance.C.Instructed b
70、y an expert.D.Through imagination.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段“Three boys were enjoying themselves . discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (乳齿象)”可知，他们是在玩耍的时候无意中发现乳齿象的下颌骨的。6.At first the brothers mother thought the jawbone was _.A.from people who died in the Civil WarB.the bone from a very mature individualC.like
71、a log or somethingD.the prehistoric bone答案：A推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics . what I thought it was”可知，他们之间曾经发现过一些石化的木材以及内战时的遗物。由此可推知，他们的母亲认为他们发现的这块下颌骨是在内战中死亡的人的。7.The discovery of the jawbone of a Mastodon is important mainly because it _.A.helps peop
72、le to know more about the Civil WarB.teaches kids to be more aware of their surroundingsC.promotes the research on more prehistoric creaturesD.attracts the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science答案：C推理判断题。最后一段指出Mastodon是生活于史前时期的古生物，因此，乳齿象下颌骨的发现可以促进对史前生物的研究。8.Which of the following can be the best titl
73、e for the article？A.Prehistoric Bones Recently Found in MississippiB.Not Petrified Wood nor Civil War RelicsC.First Identifying Bone as a “Very Mature Individual”D.Unexpectedly Discovering Mastodon Jawbone答案：D标题判断题。根据第一段并结合文章其他内容可知，美国密西西比州的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸，他们发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定
74、的促进作用，故D项最适合作文章标题。.七选五(2020河南省八市重点高中联盟高三上期“领军考试”试题)When we talk to our friends online, typing can become a little boring. We turn to memes (表情包) to make our conversations more fun. _1_ At least 10 students who were admitted to Harvard University lost their chance to study there after posting offensi
75、ve (攻击性的) memes in a private Facebook group, the universitys student newspaper, the Harvard Crimson, reported on June 5. “Rather than just regular jokes, the memes went to truly dark and ugly place, joking about Orthodox Jews (犹太教徒), the gas chambers (毒气室), Mexican children and suicide，” reported CN
76、N. _2_ But later, some students set up another group where they traded several offensive memes. When Harvard University found out about the group, it took back the students offers. _3_“I appreciate humor, but there are so many topics that just should not be joked about，” incoming freshman Jessica Zh
77、ang told the Harvard Crimson. “I do not know how those offensive images could be defended.” _4_ “It sounds like Harvard is going too deeply into the private lives of students，” Alan Dershowitz, a retired Harvard Law School professor, told The Guardian. “It may affect them for life.”_5_ Last year, a
78、similar Facebook group for admitted Harvard students drew criticism from the university after some of its members posted racist jokes.A.The incident has caused fierce debates, both in the university and around the world.B.A worldclass university should help students open minds and overcome bias (偏见)
79、.C.However, others believe the university overstepped the boundaries.D.The group was originally meant for wouldbe Harvard freshmen to get to know each other before they began university.E.Jeff Yang, himself a graduate of Harvard, said the university was right to punish the students.F.But sometimes,
80、sending the wrong meme can make trouble.G.In fact, this is not the first time Harvard has dealt with a case like this.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一些学生在某个群体内发送具有攻击性的表情包，结果被哈佛大学拒绝入学的故事。1.F根据下文内容，哈佛大学开除了至少10人，因使用不合适的表情包，故可推知F项“表情包可以使我们的交流更有趣，可是有时候也会产生麻烦。”适用此空，并可引起下文。2.D根据下文“But later, some students set up ano
81、ther group where they traded several offensive memes.”可知有些学生另建一个群，发一些有攻击性质的表情包，所以可以推断出，是开始建立的校内群并非如此，故选D。3.A下一段内容是人们讨论学校做法的内容。故A项“这个问题引起了激烈讨论”符合语境。4.CC项中的“overstepped the boundaries”与Alan教授的话“deeply into the private lives of students”以及“affect them for life”为同义表达。5.G设空后提到“去年哈佛大学也因为一些种族主义的问题批评了一些学生，”
82、说明这不是哈佛大学第一次处理类似的事情。.语法填空(2019成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)I chose to study abroad because I knew I would be exposed to knowledge that I couldnt gain _1_ (sit) inside a classroom. Studying abroad was one of the best _2_ (decision) I had ever made. I chose China, because China is one of the early civilizations _3_ a
83、 rich history and culture and I thought studying abroad would give me the chance to learn more about the country. As a visiting scholar, my dream of studying abroad in China became a _4_ (real).I went to China in the summer of 2017. My time there was an _5_ (impress) experience. Every day was a new
84、adventure. _6_ I enjoyed most was that I had culture classes where I could learn about Chinese calligraphy, Beijing opera, Chinese literature, Chinese cooking and many _7_ (much) subjects. The mix of learning about the language and culture made each day of class enjoyable.I believe that the key to a
85、 successful study abroad _8_ (be) the attitude you carry. Going to China, I had a very positive attitude. I knew there might be problems, _9_ I saw them as opportunities for learning. My time in China has really made me more _10_ (cultural) aware of diversity, which adds to my positive attitude.1._2
86、._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”是一名访问学者，非常渴望去中国学习历史悠久的中国文化，这一次“我”梦想成真了。1.sitting考查非谓语动词。该句中主语I和sit之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，空处作伴随状语，故用现在分词。句意：我选择出国留学是因为我知道我将会接触到一些知识，而这些知识是我坐在教室里无法获得的。2.decisions考查名词。decision为可数名词，由该句中的“one of”可知，空处用名词的复数形式。句意：出国留学是我作过的最好的决定之一。3.with考查介词。根据该句中的“a rich history and cu
87、lture”可知，“我”选择中国，因为中国有灿烂的历史和文化。with表示“有，带有”，符合语境，故空处填with。4.reality考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知，空处用real的名词形式reality。句意：作为一名访问学者，我在中国留学的梦想变成了现实。5.impressive考查词性转换。根据空前的“an”和空后的名词“experience”可知，空处修饰该名词，应用impress的形容词形式impressive，表示“给人印象深刻的”。6.What考查主语从句的连接词。句意：我最喜欢的是上文化课，在文化课上我可以学到中国书法、京剧、中国文学、中国烹饪和更多科目。分析该句结
88、构可知，空处引导主语从句，且作及物动词enjoy的宾语；又根据该句句意可知，应用what引导该主语从句。7.more考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示“更多的”，故用much的比较级more。8.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。该句的主语为the key，为单数形式，故谓语动词用单数；该句陈述的是一般性的情况，应用一般现在时，故空处用is。句意：我认为成功出国留学的关键在于你的态度。9.but/yet考查连词。根据空前的“我知道可能会遇到问题”和空后的“我将它们视为学习的机会”可知，空处前后的内容为转折关系，故用转折连词but或yet。10.culturally考查词性转换。空处修饰形容
89、词aware，故用cultural的副词形式culturally。句意：我在中国的日子确实让我更加意识到文化的多样性，这也让我的态度更加积极。.书面表达假如你是新华中学的高三学生李华，你的美国朋友John最近在网上看到中国谚语“He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.”，他想了解相关信息。请你根据以下内容给他写一封信。要点：1.谚语的含义； 2.描述长城；3.邀请他来中国游览长城。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：春秋战国时期the Spring and Autumn and
90、Warring States periods；明朝 the Ming DynastyDear John，Im glad to learn that you are interested in Chinese proverbs. Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear_John，Im_glad_to_learn_that_you_are_interested_in_Chinese_proverbs. A famous saying about the Great Wall goes like this, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is n
91、ot a true man.” literally meaning “You are not a hero until you climb the Great Wall.”The Great Wall was built during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods and rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty to defend against enemies. Meanwhile, the Great Wall is one of the eight great wonders in the world, which is considered as a symbol of the Chinese peoples wisdom. Actually, climbing it needs courage and determination. I sincerely invite you to come to China to visit the Great Wall._Yours，Li_Hua
