1、Unit 4Making the news Learning about Language语法精讲探究学习倒 装【情境探究】A:What do you want to do when you grow up?B:I want to do some jobs about languages.A:Why?B:Because only when Im studying languages will I feel energetic.My mom said I had a gift in this aspect.观察上面对话,并类比填空:A:I really love nature.B:So do I
2、.Only when we go outside and feel the nature _(才能净化我们的心).can purify our hearts【要义详析】英语的一般语序是“主语+谓语+其他部分”,即主语在前,谓语在后。但有时出于语法和修辞上的需要,把谓语的全部或者一部分放在主语之前,这种语序称为倒装。一、完全倒装谓语完全放在主语之前叫完全倒装。1.表示方位的介词短语位于句首,句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(lie,stand,exist,live,sit等)时,要用完全倒装。*Among the attractions listed is the Sydney Opera Hou
3、se.悉尼歌剧院名列这些景点之中。2.将here,there,now,then等地点或时间副词置于句首,且谓语动词是be,come,go,remain,lie,run等,主语为名词时,用完全倒装;主语为代词时,则不倒装。*(2018北京高考)Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves.接下来到了我要求他们自己尝试的时刻。*Then followed a tour of China National Tea Museum,where we learned the history of tea making.随后是
4、参观中国国家茶博物馆,在那里我们会学习制茶历史。3.表示运动方向的副词out,in,up,down,away等置于句首,谓语是表示运动的动词,且主语为名词时,句子要用完全倒装;主语为代词时,则不倒装。*Up went the arrow into the air.弓箭直射向空中。*Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.下雨了,伞都撑起来了。4.“There be”句型属于完全倒装,其中be动词可用“stand,live,exist,lie,remain,seem,appear”等来代替。*Undeniably,there exist vari
5、ous cultures,races and lifestyles worldwide.不可否认的是,世界上存在着各种各样的文化,种族和生活方式。5.为保持句子平衡(句子的主语部分较长,谓语部分较短)或使上下文衔接紧密,或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用完全倒装。*Equally attractive are the amazing stories of the heroes.同样有吸引力的是这些英雄们的令人震惊的故事。6.such作表语,置于句首,意为“就是如此”。*Such is Miss Zhao,an excellent teacher who makes a deep impressio
6、n on me.这就是赵女士,一位给我留下深刻印象的出色的老师。【巧学助记】七言记完全倒装副介开头全倒装,遇到代词则照常。方位方式别遗忘,上下进出往前放。there,here用得上,时间顺序句首放。表语句首主语长,句子平衡需倒装。【即学活用】(1)_a fascinating cityQingdao.在中国东部坐落着一个迷人的城市青岛。(2)_the regret that they chose a wrong career.接下来的遗憾是他们选择了错误的职业。(3)Now,_when we followed their steps.现在,我们遵循他们步伐的日子一去不复返了。(4)_a you
7、ng man with a magazine in his hand.窗户边坐着一个年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志。In the east of China is locatedNext comesgone are the daysBy the window sat(5)_Zhong Nanshan,a respectable doctor who is devoted to Chinese medical research.这就是钟南山,一位受人尊敬的致力于中医研究的医生。Such is二、部分倒装 将谓语的一部分(助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前,即构成部分倒装。1.一般疑问句皆为部分倒装。*(2
8、019全国卷)If others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies?只要有人在这个过程中获益,自己也有所收获,我的动机是什么还重要吗?2.将never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,not,nowhere,by no means,in no way,at no time,in no case等表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。*Hardly does it rain b
9、ut whenever it does,it rains heavily.这儿几乎不下雨,但是每当下雨的时候,就会下大雨。*I dont see much talent in myself,and by no means am I likely to become a master like Edison or Lu Xun.我没看到自己有多少天赋,我也绝不可能成为爱迪生或鲁迅那样的大师。3.“so/nor/neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”结构为部分倒装。*(2019全国卷)The most famous designers are Chinese,so are the mo
10、dels,and so are the consumers.最著名的设计师是中国人,最著名的模特和最庞大的消费群体也是中国人。*My father doesnt smoke;nor/neither does her father.我父亲不吸烟,她的父亲也不吸烟。【名师点津】“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”结构强调前面所表述的情况也适用于另一主语,但是该结构中的主语与前面的主语不一致。4.将not until,“only+状语(副词、介宾短语或从句)”置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。*Not until we went back to the hotel did we realize m
11、y fathers wallet was missing.直到我们回到宾馆才意识到我爸爸的钱包丢了。*(2019浙江高考)Only on special occasions(场合)would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands.只有在特别的场合,他们才会把它拿出来,让我们摸一摸。5.在“so/such.that.”句型中,将“so/such+所修饰成分”置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。*Such a good opportunity is it that you shall never miss it.这是一个如此好的机会,你千万不要
12、错过。*So nervous was I that I could hardly tell which direction was left.我如此着急以至于分辨不清哪边是左。6.not only.but also.引导两个并列分句,not only置于句首时,not only所在的分句需用倒装,but also所在的分句不用倒装;而 neither.nor.引导两个并列分句时,两个分句都需要倒装。*(2019北京高考)Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally,youll also learn new s
13、kills.你不仅能帮助我们年轻志愿者提高自己,你也会学到新的技能。7.在no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.结构中,no sooner,hardly/scarcely位于句首时,主句倒装,从句不倒装。*(2019天津高考)No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women.她刚离开我的门阶,我就收到两位女士发来的邮件。8.as引导的让步状语从句必须部分倒装,though引导的让步状语从句可倒装也可不倒装,其倒装形式为:形容词/副词/名词/动词+as/though+主语+
14、谓语。*Busy as people are,everyone should go back home to accompany their parents as often as possible.尽管很忙,但是每一个人都应该经常回家陪伴父母。9.虚拟条件句中,if引导的条件从句中若有were,had,should,可省去if,把were,had,should提到主语之前,构成部分倒装。*Were I the classmate of the girl,I would tell her that physical beauty is by birth,but inner beauty is
15、cultivated after birth.如果我是这个女孩的同学,我会告诉她外在美是天生的,而内在美是后天养成的。10.部分倒装还用于某些表示祝愿的句子中。*May you have an unforgettable tourist experience!祝你拥有一次难忘的旅游经历!【巧学助记】口诀记部分倒装only修饰副、介、状,位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词,放在句首也同样。not only开头句,前一分句须倒装。had,were,should虚拟句,省略if半倒装。注:半倒装=部分倒装。【即学活用】(1)_(尽管天津拥有一个短暂的历史),it doesnt meanTianjin i
16、s lack for traditional customs.(2)_(要是医生来了)last night,the boy would have been saved.(3)No tourist will miss the local food in Xian,_(我们也不会).(4)Not only _ the exhibition _(会吸引你)but it can also help you have a further understanding of traditional Chinese culture.Short history as Tianjin hasHad the doc
17、tor comenor will wewillappeal to you(5)Little _(他没有意识到)that we were watching his every move.(6)_(我很少读)an article that was so full of lies.(7)_(他们一到达)Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London.(8)Not until I began to work _how much time I had wasted.直到工作,才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。did he realizeSeldom h
18、ave I readHardly had they reacheddid I realize(9)So difficult _it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.我发现解决这个问题太难了,所以我决定征求汤姆的意见。(10)_(他虽是个孩子),he knows to help other.did I findChild as he is【补偿训练】改错1.Little did she knew Tom was badly ill.()2.All around the fox in a circle was
19、 dogs.()3.On the wall hangs two maps,which are practical.()4.So fast did light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.()5.Just by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.()knew knowwas werehangs改为hangdid改为doesJust改为Only课时检测素养达标.句型转换(用倒装结构)1.You should at no ti
20、me let phone games absorb you again and disappoint your parents._let phone games absorb you again and disappoint your parents.2.A bird settled inside the cage,which could copy peoples voice.Inside the cage _,which could copy peoples voice.3.Although he worked hard,he made little progress.Hard _,he m
21、ade little progress.At no time should yousettled a birdas/though he worked4.A newly-built teaching building is in front of the playground.In front of the playground _.5.You can only live to the fullest when you have a healthy body.Only when you have a healthy body _live to the fullest.6.Many people
22、sit in the middle of the playground.In the middle of the playground _.7.I didnt realize the importance of hard work until I failed again.Not until I failed again _the importance of hard work.is a newly-built teaching buildingcan yousit many peopledid I realize8.If you dont take part,I wont take part
23、.If you dont take part,_I.9.During the three years,I not only have made some true friends,but also I have gained various knowledge.During the three years,not only _some true friends,but also I have gained various knowledge.10.I was so busy that I didnt go to sleep for three days.So busy _I didnt go
24、_three days.neither/nor willhave I madewas I thatto sleep for.完成句子1._that I couldnt wait to try my hand at riding it.我如此兴奋以至于我迫不及待要亲自骑一骑。2._have rich knowledge and develop our study skills.只有这样我们才能拥有丰富的知识并培养我们的学习技能。3._,their negative influence cant be neglected.尽管社交媒体是重要的工具,它们的负面影响也不容忽视。4._to be afr
25、aid of receiving fake money.我们也不需要担心收到假钱。So excited was IOnly in this way can weImportant tool as social media areNor do we need5._instruments be shown,but we also have a concert performed by a famous artist.传统乐器不仅会被展示,我们还有一个由著名艺术家表演的音乐会。6._ before _such a moving scene.我以前从未看过这么感人的场面。7.He turned up
26、last night,_.他昨晚来了,我也来了。8._spoken than she regretted it bitterly.话刚出口,她就后悔不迭。Not only will the traditional musicalNeverhave I seenso did IHardly had she9.Not until he heard from her _fully _ the depth of her feeling.他直到收到她的信之后才充分理解她的感情有多深。10._ with hard work _to get a pay rise.只有努力工作你才能期望加薪。did heun
27、derstandOnlycan you expect根据提示,用倒装结构完成语篇。Once upon a time 1._(住着一个强健的樵夫)who asked for a job in a timber(木材)merchant,and he got it.The pay was really good and 2._(工作条件也是如此).For that reason,the woodcutter was determined to do his best.3._(他的老板不仅给他一把斧子)but showed him the area where he was supposed to w
28、ork.there lived a very strong woodcutterso were the work conditionsNot only did his bossgive him an axe【语法主题应用】The first day,the woodcutter brought 18 trees.“Congratulations,”the boss said.“Go on that way!”4._(这位樵夫如此积极)for the bosss words that he thought that 5._(如果第二天我再努力些),I could bring more,but h
29、ardly 6._(他没能带来)more than fifteen trees.The third day 7._(虽然他很努力)than before,he could only bring ten trees.Day after day so few trees was he bringing that the woodcutter thought he was sure to be losing his strength.Up to the boss 8._(go)the woodcutter and apologized,“HowSo motivated/inspired was th
30、e woodcuttershould I try/were I to tryharder the next daywas he able to bringharder as he triedwentdisappointing my efforts were!I couldnt understand what was going on”“When9._(be)the last time you sharpen your axe?”the boss asked.“Sharpen?I had no time to sharpen my axe.I have been busy trying to c
31、ut trees.”was课时素养评价十一 Unit 4Learning about Language【语用训练】.将下列句子转变成倒装句1.We can get rid of poverty and lead a better life only by making efforts.Only _get rid of poverty and lead a better life.2.She had hardly gone out when a student came to see her._when a student came to see her.3.Although we were t
32、ired in the activity,we all felt happy._in the activity,we all felt happy.by making efforts can weHardly had she gone outTired as/though we were4.A terrible genie(妖怪)stood before the fisherman.Before the fisherman _.5.It should by no means be treated merely as a normal social phenomenon._treated mer
33、ely as a normal social phenomenon.stood a terrible genieBy no means should it be.完成句子(倒装与名言名句)1.After a storm _(come)a calm.雨过天晴。/否极泰来。2.Only through struggles _freedom and happiness.自由和幸福,只有通过我们斗争才能获得。3.Only by _(show)your sincerity can you win the confidence of your friend.博得朋友的信任全凭你心底的一片真诚。4.Out
34、of the mouth _(come)evil.祸从口出。comescan we winshowingcomes5.From words to deeds _(be)a great space.言行之间如隔山。6.Happy _(be)the man who learns from the misfortunes of others.吸取他人教训,自己才会走运。7._is modesty an ornament,but also a guard to virtue.谦逊不仅可以增添光彩,也可以维护美德。8.A person with no experience of hardships ca
35、n not enjoy a truly easy life,_ can a person who has never tasted loneliness know the true worth of love.没尝过穷苦的人不懂得安逸的好处;没感到寂寞的人不了解爱的真正价值。isisNot onlynor9.Small _ a sparrow is,it has all the internals.麻雀虽小,五脏俱全。10._ great power comes great responsibility.能力越大,责任越大。asWith【主题阅读】.阅读理解One Breath Away Pu
36、rpose of the Wolfpacket aims to inform students of current and relevant events and issues.Some items are published only to entertain but will follow the guidelines of the editorial policy.Since the Wolfpacket staff meets regularly,publication of the newspaper serves to educate both readers and staff
37、 members.The staff tries to be accurate and responsible,and follows some regulations as defined by the Society of Professional Journalists.ContentThe Wolfpacket staff determines what goes into the school paper and reserves the right to choose content and determine priority(优先级)of stories.Although th
38、eWolfpacket emphasizes school news,it also covers community,state,national,and international news that the staff thinks relevant to students.Stories are evaluated for news value,entertainment value,timeliness,and a student angle.While most Wolfpacket articles will be written by the staff,we encourag
39、e other students,administrators and community members to consider the Opinions section of theWolfpacket to be open for discussion.Editorials(社论)Opinions and editorials are clearly labeled and separated from news items.Editorials represent the majority opinion of the staff and will be run under the h
40、eading“Editorial”.Individual opinions,which do not necessarily represent staff opinion,will be clearly distinguished from editorials.Trivia(琐事)The Wolfpacket staff is opposed to running gossip columns,such as holiday messages,April Fools jokes,and popularity surveys because the Wolfpacket tries to m
41、aintain a standard of professionalism in the content.We try to avoid any possible harm to students and other readers,no matter how much entertainment value these features might provide.Time,Place and Manner of DistributionThe Wolfpacket is distributed free of charge on campus,except for the home com
42、ing issue,which is distributed during half-time at the football game.Additional copies may be available in the library and school office.Copies are mailed to subscribers(订阅者)and advertisers by the circulation manager.Subscriptions to the Wolfpacket cost$20 for one year.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了报刊the Wo
43、lfpacket的规章制度,包括内容、社论、琐事和发行的时间、地点、方式。1.According to the passage,the Wolfpacket is most likely _.A.a bookB.a websiteC.a newspaperD.a TV program【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一段Since the Wolfpacket staff meets regularly,publication of the newspaper serves to educate both readers and staff members.以及Content部分内容可以推测
44、the Wolfpacket最有可能是一份报纸。2.The Wolfpacket focuses on _.A.school newsB.community newsC.national newsD.international news【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段Although the Wolfpacketemphasizes school news,it also covers community,state,national,and international news that the staff thinks relevant to students.可知,the Wol
45、fpacket聚焦学校新闻。3.The passage is mainly about _.A.the development of the WolfpacketB.the content of the WolfpacketC.the influence of the WolfpacketD.the regulations of the Wolfpacket【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了报刊the Wolfpacket的规章制度,包括内容、社论、琐事和发行的时间、地点、方式。.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinas Tea Village
46、s In most Chinese tea villages,March is the time of year in which locals start to pick and process tea.The usually quiet villages suddenly become busy centers of activity,as people take out special tools and prepare 1._tea processing.In some villages,local residents hold traditional ceremonies,thank
47、ing heaven for its 2._(bless).The price of tea 3._(pick)in March is 4._(extreme)high because it is fresh,tender and contains multiple trace elements.China 5._(be)famous for tea production since ancient times.Of the goods transported and traded along 6._ Old Silk Road 7._(link)China to the Middle Eas
48、t and Europe,the importance of tea was matched only by silk.China produces Oolong,black,green,white,yellow and dark(aka post-fermented)tea.The Oolong,green and black 8._(vary)are most notable for 9._ high quality.Most of Chinas tea villages are found in remote mountainous areas in the countrys south
49、 and southwest,10._ the beautiful scenery is often hidden under clouds.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文,介绍了中国的茶叶村。1.【解析】for。考查介词。prepare for为固定搭配,意为“为做准备”,故填介词for。2.【解析】blessing。考查名词。its意为“它的”,后面要接名词,bless的名词为blessing,意为“祝福”,故填blessing。3.【解析】picked。考查非谓语动词。pick 在句子中为非谓语,其逻辑主语是tea,tea和pick是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用pick的过去分词形式,填pick
50、ed。4.【解析】extremely。修饰形容词应当用副词。5.【解析】has been。考查时态。根据时间状语since ancient times可知这里要表达的是自从古代以来(到现在)中国就以茶叶生产而出名,从过去到现在用现在完成时,主语China为单数,故填has been。6.【解析】the。考查定冠词。Old Silk Road 意为“旧丝绸之路”,为专有名词,在这里是特指旧丝绸之路,故填定冠词the。7.【解析】linking。考查非谓语动词。link 在句中作非谓语,其逻辑主语为the Old Silk Road,它们之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用link的现在分词形式,故填l
51、inking。8.【解析】varieties。考查名词单复数。variety意为“种类”,为可数名词,根据句意这里指不同种类的茶叶,而不是一种,应该用复数形式,故填varieties。9.【解析】their。考查代词。根据句意这要表达的是“它们的”高品质,这里代指前文的The Oolong,green and black varieties,所以填their。10.【解析】where。考查定语从句。the beautiful scenery is often hidden under clouds为定语从句,缺少连接词。remote mountainous areas in the count
52、rys south and southwest为先行词,表地点,连接词在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。.完形填空After graduating from a famous university,Tom wished to find a good job.One day he got the 1in a newspaper that there was a post in a company.So he did some 2on the company first and then went to apply for it.While 3,he answered the quest
53、ions fluently.Tom was satisfied with his 4,feeling 5that he could get the job.But at that moment,the managers phone 6.He picked it up,listened and nodded.And then he 7around and said to Tom,“Sorry,I want to get some important information now.Please give me the book with the red 8on that desk.”Tom lo
54、oked around and found 3 books on the desk,so he wentto the desk,took one and handed it to him 9.10the book,the manager hung up the phone and said,“Sorry,you are not the right person.”Tom was surprised and wondered 11.Then the manager explained,“Therere three reasons.First,the moment you entered,I fo
55、und the third button on your shirt had been 12.Second,the three books with covers of the same color are different,but you took one 13asking me which I needed.Third,I was 14the call.You should run to the desk to save time.These 15showed you are not a careful person.”Therefore,Tom 16the job.Toms story
56、 reflects some people dont 17the details in our life.But it is the details that 18.Not only should we 19what we learn but also we should pay attention to the details,which sometimes can 20determine our success or failure.【文章大意】本文通过汤姆找工作失败的故事来告诉我们一个哲理:细节决定成败。1.A.ideaB.letterC.offerD.news【解析】选D。根据下文in
57、 a newspaper可知,是得到了消息。2.A.survey B.research C.exerciseD.training【解析】选B。根据下文可知,他对这家公司做了一些调查。3.A.contacted B.interviewedC.visited D.examined【解析】选B。根据下文可知,这里指他在被面试。4.A.grade B.appearanceC.performances D.preparations【解析】选C。根据下文中的“he could get the job”可知,汤姆对自己的表现很满意。5.A.excited B.lucky C.confident D.happ
58、y【解析】选C。根据下文“he could get the job”可知,他对得到这份工作很有信心。6.A.rang B.called C.cameD.fell【解析】选A。根据下文“He picked it up,listened and nodded.”可知,是经理的电话铃响了。7.A.walked B.looked C.turned D.moved【解析】选C。根据语境可知,经理转过身去跟汤姆说话。8.A.mark B.color C.character D.cover【解析】选D。根据下文“books with covers of the same color”可知是封面为红色的书。9
59、.A.quickly B.politely C.eagerly D.nervously【解析】选B。他拿了一本然后很有礼貌地递给了经理。10.A.Holding B.ClosingC.Reading D.Opening【解析】选A。根据下文可知,经理是拿着书然后挂断电话的。11.A.how B.thatC.whyD.what【解析】选C。wonder why想知道为什么。12.A.old B.brokenC.missing D.different【解析】选C。根据下文“you are not a careful person”可知,他不是一个细心的人,所以这里的纽扣应该是缺少的。13.A.af
60、ter B.by C.with D.without【解析】选D。根据下文“you are not a careful person”可知,他是一个不细心的人,所以在拿书前没有问经理到底需要哪一本书。14.A.answering B.listeningC.waiting D.receiving【解析】选A。根据上文可知经理拿起了电话是在接电话,answer the call意为“接电话”,符合语境。15.A.facts B.reasonsC.details D.shortcomings【解析】选C。根据最后一段的描述以及上面经理说的一些细节可知,经理通过细节看出他不是一个细心的人。16.A.lo
61、st B.missedC.refused D.left【解析】选B。根据上文“Sorry,you are not the right person.”可知汤姆错过了这份工作。17.A.mention B.mindC.like D.ignore【解析】选B。根据上文汤姆因为忽略了细节而导致面试没有成功可知,有些人不在意平时的细节。18.A.count B.interestC.trouble D.impress【解析】选A。根据上文可知,生活中很多事情就是通过细节来体现的,因此,细节很重要。19.A.contributeB.determineC.possess D.value【解析】选D。我们不仅
62、要重视自己学到的东西,同时也要注意生活中方方面面的细节问题。20.A.yet B.stillC.otherwise D.even【解析】选D。根据上文内容可知,细节甚至会决定成败。将下列句子转变成倒装句1.You can learn English well only in this way._you learn English well.2.This opportunity will not only make you happy but also it can satisfy your interest in Chinese operas._make you happy but also
63、it can satisfy your interest in Chinese operas.3.It didnt stop raining until midnight._it stop raining.Only in this way canNot only will this opportunityNot until midnight did4.The teaching building stands in the middle of the school yard._the teaching building.5.They said they had never before experienced so interesting a class.They said _they experienced so interesting a class.In the middle of the school yard standsnever before had
