1、广州市真光中学2020-2021学年第二学期高二英语期中考试题第一部分 语法选择（5小题，每题3分；共15分）从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。1. He is said _ law in Canada now.A. being studiedB. to be studyingC. to have studiedD. having studied【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说他现在正在加拿大学习法律。be said to do意为“据说做某事”，应用不定式作主语补足语，故将A、D排除；根据时间状语now可知，此处应用不定式的进行式to be
2、 doing，故选B。【点睛】2. Jenny refused to act as a beggar in the play because she was afraid of _.A. making fun ofB. laughing atC. being made fun ofD. being laughed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语及被动语态。句意：珍妮拒绝在剧中扮演乞丐，因为她害怕被人取笑。A.making fun of取笑；B.laughing at嘲笑；C.being made fun of被取笑；D.being laughed被嘲笑。主语she和动词之间为被动关系，故
3、排除A、B两项，D选项中缺少介词，故排除，故选C。3 She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live in.A. to have playedB. to playC. to be playedD. to be playing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她会告诉我们为什么她有如此强烈的感觉以至于我们每个人都在使我们居住的地球更美好的方面起着作用。play a role in在方面起着作用，这里使用
4、了have something to do sth.有事情要做，的用法，所以选B。 4. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.A. whichB. to whichC. in whichD. when【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：
5、该评论的两位作者还在2014年发表了一项研究，该研究表明，每天只需跑步5到10分钟，就能降低各种原因导致的心脏病和早亡的风险。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为study，关系代词which引导从句，指代事物，在从句中作主语。故选A项。5. The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away _ there was a garage.A. whichB. whatC. on whichD. where【答案】D【解析】
6、【详解】考查定语从句。句意：村长把马拴在我的车上，要把车拉到20公里外的一个有车库的小镇上。分析句子可知，此句为分割式定语从句，先行词为a small town，在从句中作地点状语，故选D。第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每题2.5分，满分50分）第节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AiPhone 12OutlookFeaturing the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is ma
7、king the transition from an LCD screen to OLED. With flat aluminum sides for an overall look, it more closely matches the iPad Pro and iPad Air. Aside from the flat sides, iPhone 12 still largely resembles the iPhone 11. Around back, it has two cameras housed in a glass circle, which makes for a nic
8、e contrast with the rest of the smooth back panel. To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a “ceramic shield”.CameraThe iPhone 12 has a 12-megapixel f/1.6 main camera-the fastest aperture(光圈) in any iPhone yet. The low-light performance has im
9、proved, and its advancements in computational photography to maximize detail and dynamic range has also been achieved. The front camera on the iPhone 12 is gaining Night Mode, as well.ProcessoriPhone 12 is powered by the companys new A14 Bionic processor, which is the first smartphone chip built on
10、a 5nm process, leading to improved performance and efficiency. Its claimed that the processor is up to 50 percent faster than the leading chips in Android smartphones.Wireless chargingTo improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee tha
11、t the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.6. What is the size of iPhone 12?A. About 6.1-inch as that of iPhone Max.B. The same size as iPad Pro.C. Bigger than that of iPhone 11.D. As big as iPhone XR.7. Whats the function of the “MagSafe” system?A. To carry out the wired chargin
12、g of iPhone 12.B. To perfectly match the iPad Pro and iPad Air.C. To make sure the iPhone 12 is right for the MagSafe accessories.D. To process the information in a more rapid way.8. Which of the followings is TRUE about iPhone 12?A. There are only two cameras placed separately in front and back.B.
13、It is powered by A14 Bionic processor used in Android smartphones.C. All cameras of iPhone 12 have the Night Mode.D. A ceramic shield helps protect against breaking and cracking.【答案】6. D 7. C 8. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则iPhone 12手机的介绍，介绍了这款手机的外观、相机、处理和无线充电等情况。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Featuring the same 6.1-i
14、nch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED.( iPhone 12的屏幕尺寸与之前的iPhone 11和iPhone XR相同，为6.1英寸，iPhone 12正在从LCD屏幕过渡到OLED屏幕)”可知，iPhone 12的尺寸和iPhone XR一样大。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“To improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it
15、contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.(为了改善iPhone 12的无线充电性能，它内置了“MagSafe”系统，以确保iPhone 12与MagSafe配件相匹配)”可知，MagSafe系统的功能是确保iPhone 12可以匹配MagSafe配件。故选C。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“To avoid being broken or cracked when drop
16、ped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a ceramic shield.(为了避免摔碎或摔裂，iPhone 12覆盖了一层苹果称之为超瓷晶面板的材料)”可知，D选项“超瓷晶面板有助于防止破碎和开裂”正确。故选D。BFor many years, school children in the US have been taken on “field trips” to cultural institutions such as museums of art. Educators arrange them in the bel
17、ief that schools exist not only to teach economically useful skills, but also to produce civilized young people who appreciate the art and culture. While there are parents who will take their children to cultural places in their free time, there are plenty of other children who will never have this
18、kind of opportunity unless schools offer it. So you could say that taking school students on field trips is a means of giving everyone equal access to their cultural heritage.However, the attitude towards field trips in recent years is changing, with the number of tours organized for school groups f
19、alling significantly in museums all around the country. The most obvious reason is the issue of finance. Because there are increasing demands on their funds, after all, computers and sports facilities arent cheap, schools are forced to make a difficult choice about how to spend the limited money the
20、y have. Faced with this dilemma, field trips are an obvious thing to cut since they are seen by many as too expensive.Additionally, the nature of these field days is also changing. Schools increasingly use trips to amusement parks or sporting events as a treat for students rather than an opportunity
21、 for cultural learning. This shift could have a basis in generational differences between teachers reasons for organizing days out of school. A recent survey conducted among 500 Arkansas teachers showed that older teachers were significantly more likely to take the primary purpose of a field trip as
22、 a learning experience than younger teachers, who view it as fun.Some evidence shows the trend of fewer trips may have a negative effect on childrens development. A research led by Jay Greene at Arkansas University found that students who received a tour of an art museum greatly improved their knowl
23、edge of and the ability to think critically about art. They also display stronger historical interest and were more likely to visit cultural places in the future. The researchers warm that if schools cut field trips or switch to less educational destinations, valuable opportunities to broaden and en
24、rich childrens learning experiences are lost.9. What is the original purpose of field trips to cultural institutions?A. To teach students useful skills in economics.B. To encourage parents to take their children there.C. To educate students to preserve cultural heritage.D. To make art culture access
25、ible to every student.10. Which factor most probably leads to the trend of fewer field trips?A. The decrease in school funds.B. The lack of school funds.C. Students demand for fun.D. Teachers generational differences.11. What does the underlined phrase “This shift” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The swi
26、tch from old generations to young generations.B. The switch from sporting events to cultural experiences.C. The change from an opportunity for learning to a treat for entertainment.D. The change from educational destinations to unique attractions.12. What can be inferred about field rips from the re
27、search by Jay Greene?A. Students are rewarded with more cultural awareness.B. Amusement parks enrich childrens learning experiences.C. Cutting field trips is critical to the future of the museum.D. Field trips ensure better future academic performance.【答案】9. D 10. B 11. C 12. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美
28、国的学生被带到艺术博物馆等文化机构进行“实地考察”给学生带来的好处及这些活动减少的原因。9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“So you could say that taking school students on field trips is a means of giving everyone equal access to their cultural heritage. (所以你可以说，带学生实地考察是一种让每个人都能平等获得文化遗产手段)”可知，学校设置实地考察的最初目的就是为了让每个人都能平等地获得文化遗产。即让每一个学生都能接触到文化艺术。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。
29、根据文章第二段“The most obvious reason is the issue of finance. Because there are increasing demands on their funds, after all, computers and sports facilities arent cheap, schools are forced to make a difficult choice about how to spend the limited money they have.(最明显的原因是金融问题。因为对他们的资金的需求越来越大，毕竟，电脑和体育设施都不
30、便宜，学校被迫做出一个艰难的选择，关于如何使用他们有限的钱)”可知，实地考察数量减少的原因就是金融问题，也就是学校资金不足。故选B。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据所猜词前一句“Schools increasingly use trips to amusement parks or sporting events as a treat for students rather than an opportunity for cultural learning.(学校越来越多地把去游乐园或参加体育活动作为对待学生的方式，而不是学习文化的机会)”可知，学校让学生去游乐园或参加体育活动进行娱乐，而放弃学
31、习文化的机会。由此可知，This shift指的是从一个学习的机会变成了一种娱乐 。故选C项。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“A research led by Jay Greene at Arkansas University found that students who received a tour of an art museum greatly improved their knowledge of and the ability to think critically about art. They also display stronger historical i
32、nterest and were more likely to visit cultural places in the future.(Arkansas大学Jay Greene领导的一项研究发现，参观艺术博物馆的学生大大提高了他们对艺术的知识和批判性思考能力。他们也表现出更强的历史兴趣，更有可能在未来参观文化场所)”可知，Arkansas大学的Jay Greene的研究表明通过参观艺术博物馆可以培养学生们艺术的知识和批判性思考，同时还会养成对历史的兴趣。由此可推知，学生们所得到的回报就是更多的文化意识。故选A项。CCurtis Whitson knew the water fall was
33、coming. Hed rafted down the Arroyo Seco, a river in central California, before. But this year was different. Heavy snow and spring rains had turned the usually manageable falls into something fierce. And this year, instead of his friends, Whitsons companions were his wife, Krystal Ramirez, and his 1
34、3-year-old son, Hunter. As the three of them approached the falls late in the afternoon of the third day of their camping trip, Whitson could tell from the increasing roar of water in the narrow canyon that they were in serious trouble. There was no way theyd be able to rappel down(绕绳下降) the rocks a
35、s planned.“The water was just gushing through there with tremendous force,” recalls Whitson.They could wade to the shore, but would anyone find them there? They had no mobile phone service, and they hadnt seen a single person in the past three days.As he considered what to do, Whitson hit on a bit o
36、f luck-he heard voices coming from the other side of the falls. He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out.We have to get these people a message, Whitson thought.Then he spotted his green Nalgene water bottle. Whitson grabbed it and carved “Help!” on it. Ramirez also reminded him
37、that he had a pen and paper, which shed brought to play games with, in his backpack. Whitson knew it was a long shot. But he scrawled “We are stuck here at the waterfall. Get help please!” and pushed the note into the bottle, throwing it over the waterfall perfectly. “All right, thats all we can do,
38、” Whitson told Hunter.It took 30 minutes to navigate back upstream to the beach where they made a fire. With no reasonable expectation that their message in a bottle would find its way to anyone, they spelled out SOS in white rocks. As the evening wore on, they placed a headlamp with a flashing ligh
39、t on a ledge (岩石突出部) . Then, just after midnight, they heard a helicopter hovering above them. Whitson ran over to the headlamp and started flashing it at the helicopter. He, Ramirez, and Hunter were waving and hollering when they heard the magic words: “This is Search and Rescue. You have been foun
40、d.”It was a moment of pure happiness as the three chatted with the officers who had rescued them. Together, they marveled at the unlikelihood of it all. Two men had seen the water bottle in the water. When they picked it up, they noticed the writing on it - “Help!”.A few days after news of the rescu
41、e broke, one of the hikers contacted Whitson.Thats when he learned the story. There were actually two little girls hiking with the men that day. It was the girls who first spotted the bottle and swam to get it. Whitson is planning on having a big barbecue to meet the hikers-and thank them.13. Which
42、was NOT the trouble the Whitsons faced?A. The water falls were fierce.B. There was no mobile phone service.C. All of them were not experienced in rafting.D. They had to rappel down the rocks.14. Which is the order that the Whitsons helped themselves out? They spelled out SOS on the rocks. Whitson sq
43、ueezed the note “Get help please” into the bottle. Whitson yelled to the other side of the falls. Whitson carved “help” on his green bottle.A. B. C. D. 15. What does the underlined part in paragraph 6 mean?A. It is a fantastic idea.B. Its a big challenge.C. Its a wild attempt.D. Its a long explorati
44、on.16. Whitson is planning to have a big barbecue _.A. to celebrate their survivalB. to show gratitude to the hikersC. to have a family unionD. to meet and thank the rescue officers【答案】13. D 14. A 15. C 16. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Whitson一家野营被困，他们巧妙地用求救瓶向外界发出了求救信号，从而得救的故事。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Ther
45、e was no way theyd be able to rappel down(绕绳下降) the rocks as planned.（他们不可能按计划用绳索从岩石上滑下来。）”可知，选项D的描述They had to rappel down the rocks.（他们只好用绳索从岩石上滑下来。）与原文描述不一致，不是Whitsons一家人遇到的麻烦。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out.（他大声喊，但水流的声音淹没了他的声音。）”，根据第六段“Whitson
46、 grabbed it and carved “Help!” on it.（惠特森抓住瓶子，刻下“救命！“在上面。）；根据第六段“But he scrawled “We are stuck here at the waterfall. Get help please!” and pushed the note into the bottle, throwing it over the waterfall perfectly.（但他潦草地写着“我们被困在瀑布边了。求求你帮忙！”把纸条塞进瓶子里，把它完美地扔到了瀑布上。）和第八段“they spelled out SOS in white roc
47、ks.（他们用白色的石头拼出求救信号。）”可知，Whitsons一家人自救的顺序是，先大喊，接着在瓶子上刻“救命”，之后把写求救内容的字条塞进瓶子，最后用石头拼出求救信号，所以正确的顺序是：。故选A。【15题详解】句意猜测题。根据第四段“As he considered what to do, Whitson hit on a bit of luck he heard voices comingfrom the other side of the falls. He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out.”可知，正
48、当他考虑该怎么办时，Whitson碰上了一点好运气他听到瀑布的另一边传来了说话声。他喊道，但激流的声音淹没了他。接着Whitson计划用向瀑布里丢求救瓶的方式来求救，丢求救瓶这是一种能够被人发现的机会很渺茫的方式，因此Whitson知道这是一次很疯狂大胆的尝试。由此可知，划线部分意思为“这是一次疯狂的尝试”。故选C。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ Whitson is planning on having a big barbecue to meet the hikers-and thank them.（ Whitson正计划举办一场盛大的烧烤会来迎接这些徒步旅行者，并向他们表示感谢
49、。）可知，Whitson准备举办一场盛大的烧烤会来感谢这些徒步者。故选B。DA strong coffee after a poor nights sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control
50、 - a risk factor for diabetes （糖尿病）and heart disease.“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee - subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee,“ said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in the UK.For their study
51、, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.In one, the participants had a normal nights sleep, roughly from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the
52、morning. They then experienced an interrupted nights sleep, where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.On another night, participants experienced the same sleep interruption,
53、but this time were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants blood sugar and insulin （胰 岛素）responses when compared to the normal nights sleep- although previous research suggested that
54、 losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50% suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your bodys ab
55、ility to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.17. What does the underlined word “kick-start in paragraph 1 refer to?A. A kind of sport.B. A kind of power.C. A kind of medicine.D. A kind of belief.18. What was unchanged in the three experiments?A. The duration of sleep.B. The blood sugar response.C.
56、The sugary drink.D. The intake of coffee.19. What increased the participants blood sugar response most before breakfast?A. A normal sugary drink.B. A normal nights sleep.C. An interrupted nights sleep.D. A cup of strong black coffee.20. How did researchers draw the conclusion?A. By comparing the res
57、ults.B. By listing some examples.C. By surveying the participants.D. By referring to some documents.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现，先喝咖啡会对血糖控制产生负面影响，而血糖控制是糖尿病和心脏病的风险因素之一。【17题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A strong coffee after a poor nights sleep”（一夜没睡好之后，喝一杯浓咖啡）可推知，kick-start指的是在晚上没有睡好之后“一
58、种提神的力量”。故选B。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“In one, and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted nights sleep and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.”（在一项实验中，参与者在晚上大约11点到早上7点之间正常睡眠，并被要求在早上醒来时喝一杯含糖饮料。然后，他们的睡眠被打断，研究人员每隔一小时就给他们发短信，让他们每隔5分钟回复短信，醒
59、来后给他们喝同样的含糖饮料。）和第六段“On another night, before consuming the sugary drink.”（另一个晚上，参与者经历了同样的睡眠中断，但这一次，在喝含糖饮料之前，他们先喝了一杯浓黑咖啡30分钟。）可知，在三个试验中没有改变的是受试者都喝了含糖饮料。故选C。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%”（然而，早餐前喝一杯
60、浓黑咖啡实际上会使血糖反应增加50%左右）可知，早餐前，一杯浓黑咖啡增加了受试者的血糖反应。故选D。20题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.”（在他们的研究中，巴斯大学的研究人员让29名健康的男性和女性参加了三种不同的夜间实验，每次实验至少持续一周。）和
61、文章最后一段“They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants blood sugar and insulin responses when compared to the normal nights sleep”（他们发现，与正常晚上的睡眠相比，一个晚上的睡眠中断并没有恶化参与者的血糖和胰岛素反应）可推知，研究者是通过对比试验结果得出结论的。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A
62、 Wonder PlantEvery rainy season, the mountain gorillas (大猩猩) of Central Africa migrate to the foothills and lower parts of the Virunga Mountains to feed on bamboo. For the 650 or so that remain in the wild, its a vital food source. _21_ Gorillas arent the only locals keen on bamboo. For the people n
63、ear the mountains, its a valuable raw material used for building houses and making household items. But in the past 100 years, resources have come under increasing pressure as populations have exploded and large areas of bamboo forest have been cleared to make way for farms._22_ All over the world,
64、the ranges of many bamboo species appear to be reducing, endangering the people and animals that depend upon them. A report published by the UN Environment Programme has revealed just how profound our ignorance of global bamboo resources is.Bamboo is a wonder plant. Its ecological role extends beyon
65、d providing food and habitat for animals. Bamboo tends to grow in stands made up of groups of individual plants that grow from root systems. Its extensive root systems are crucial in preventing water loss and soil erosion._23_ In India 25% of paper produced is made from bamboo fiber, and in Brazil,
66、100,000 hectares of bamboo are grown for its production. Because of its flexibility and strength, it has traditionally been used in construction. Bamboo is often the only readily available raw material for people in many developing countries._24_ Ray Townsend, vice president of the British Bamboo So
67、ciety, says, “Some plants are threatened because they cant survive in the habitatthey arent strong enough or there arent enough of them, perhaps. But bamboo can take care of itself-it is strong enough to survive if left alone._25_” When forest goes, it is transformed into something else: there isnt
68、anywhere for forest plants such as bamboo to grow if you create a cattle grass land.A. Sadly, this isnt a single story.B. It is the physical disturbance that is the threat to bamboo.C. Until now, bamboo has been viewed as a second-class plant.D. Without it, their chances of survival would be reduced
69、 significantly.E. Besides, bamboos most immediate significance lies in its economic value.F. More than a billion people rely on bamboo for either their shelter or income.G. Despite bamboos value in economy and ecology, its situation is all the more worrying.【答案】21. D 22. A 23. E 24. G 25. B【解析】【分析】本
70、文是一篇说明文。文章叙述的是关于竹子的用途以及这种植物现在面临的严峻形势。【21题详解】根据上句提示For the 650 or so that remain in the wild, its a vital food source.（对于在野外生存的650个左右的大猩猩来说，它是一个重要的食物来源。）承接上文，D项Without it, their chances of survival would be reduced significantly.（没有它，他们的生存机会就会大大减少。）切题。该项中的Without it,-would be reduced与上文的a vital food
71、source对应，故D项正确。【22题详解】此空是段落首句，根据下文All over the world, the ranges of many bamboo species appear to be reducing, endangering the people and animals that depend upon them.（在世界各地，许多竹子的种类似乎正在减少，危及到依赖它们的人和动物。），再根据上文large areas of bamboo forest have been cleared可知，A项Sadly, this isnt a single story.（可悲的是，这并
72、不是一个单一的故事。）承上启下，故A项正确。【23题详解】根据上文提示Its extensive root systems are crucial in preventing water loss and soil erosion.（其广泛的根系对于防止水土流失至关重要。）再根据下文提示In India 25% of paper produced is made from bamboo fiber, and in Brazil, 100,000 hectares of bamboo are grown for its production.（在印度，25%的纸是用竹纤维制成的，而在巴西，10万
73、公顷的竹子是用来生产纸的。）承接上下文，E项Besides, bamboos most immediate significance lies in its economic value.（此外，竹子最直接的意义在于它的经济价值。）该项和上下文都是在讲竹子的用途，故E项正确。【24题详解】根据下文Ray Townsend, vice president of the British Bamboo Society, says, “Some plants are threatened because they cant survive in the habitatthey arent strong
74、 enough or there arent enough of them, perhaps.（英国竹子协会的副主席Ray Townsend说：“一些植物受到了威胁，因为它们无法在栖息地生存它们不够强壮，或者它们的数量不够。）可知，本空讲述竹子现在状况不好， G项Despite bamboos value in economy and ecology, its situation is all the more worrying.（尽管竹子在经济和生态方面有价值，但它的情况更令人担忧。）切题。【25题详解】根据上句提示But bamboo can take care of itself-it
75、is strong enough to survive if left alone.（但是竹子可以自己照顾它自己如果它能独立生存，它就足够强壮了。）再根据下文提示When forest goes, it is transformed into something else: there isnt anywhere for forest plants such as bamboo to grow if you create a cattle grass land.（当森林消失时，它就变成了另一种东西：如果你创造了一个牛草地，就没有任何地方可以种植像竹子这样的森林植物。）承接上下文，B项It is
76、 the physical disturbance that is the threat to bamboo.（对竹子的威胁是破坏竹子躯干。）切题，也就是让竹子独自生存就是保护它，对竹子的威胁是砍掉它。第三部分 英语知识运用（共五节，满分85分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 ( A、B、C 和D ) 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010, we were in the fallout of the recession (经济衰退). She s
77、aid a polite “No”.That didnt stop me. I googled the _26_for a keyboard, drew the keys on a piece of paper and _27_it on my desk. I would click notes on an online _28_and “play” them back on my paper onekeeping the _29_they made on the computer in my head. Once my mom saw that I was _30_, she borrowe
78、d money and bought me 10 lessons.I still remember the first one. I was _31_by how real the sound of the piano was. I _32_ my grade one test after eight lessons. But when I started secondary school, we couldnt _33_ lessons again. I passed grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper.When I was ab
79、out 13, my mom said she had a _34_for me; it was an electronic keyboard, bought with _35_borrowed money. It was the first time Id played for her.Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The tryouts were_36_. Some of the questions _37_ an assessment of the composer or when the music was
80、written. I felt stressed out. To my amazement I was offered a_38_. At Purcell, I saved enough to buy my first piano.When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior academic music prize. I am now at the Guildhall School in London, one of the worlds leading music schools. I feel proud: its been 10 years
81、 _39_ I drew my paper piano. I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano: what we call_40_ practice. The paper piano helped solve my curiosity about how music works and what forms the masterpieces.26. A. measurementsB. tunesC. picturesD. scales27. A. foldedB. piledC. wrappedD. stuck28.
82、 A. screenB. courseC. keyboardD. website29. A. voiceB. soundC. whisperD. record30. A. nervousB. disappointedC. satisfiedD. serious31. A. amusedB. frightenedC. struckD. accessed32. A. ran intoB. got acrossC. passed byD. went through33. A. affordB. performC. postponeD. participate34 A. secretB. taskC.
83、 questionD. surprise35. A. littleB. lessC. muchD. more36. A. easyB. toughC. enjoyableD. fulfilling37. A. relatedB. concernedC. involvedD. collected38. A. roleB. prizeC. placeD. refund39. A. afterB. sinceC. untilD. before40. A. mentalB. abundantC. falseD. fancy【答案】26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C
84、32. D 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小时候开始酷爱钢琴，但是因为家庭经济原因，买不起钢琴，通过自己画钢琴格自学成才，最后进入了理想音乐学府的故事，告诉人们，如果有梦想，一定要坚持下去。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在谷歌上搜索键盘的尺寸，在一张纸上画出按键，然后把它贴在我的桌子上。A. measurements尺寸；B. tunes曲调；C. pictures照片；D. scales天平。根据后文的“drew the keys on a piece of paper”
85、可知作者把琴键画在纸上，所以这里是先在网上搜索键盘的尺寸。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在谷歌上搜索键盘的尺寸，在一张纸上画出按键，然后把它贴在我的桌子上。A. folded折叠；B. piled堆积；C. wrapped缠绕；D. stuck粘贴。根据前文的paper和后文的“on the desk”可知，是把纸粘贴在桌子上。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会点击在线键盘上的音符，然后在我的纸上“弹奏”它们把它们在电脑上发出的声音记忆在我的脑海里。A. screen屏幕；B. course课程；C. keyboard键盘; D. website网站。根据
86、“play” them back on my paper one”可知，作者在网上学钢琴，所以是点击网上的键盘。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会点击在线键盘上的音符，然后在我的纸上“弹奏”它们把它们在电脑上发出的声音记忆在我的脑海里。A. voice声音；B. sound声音；C. whisper耳语；D. record记录。根据常识可知，弹钢琴会发出声音，此处是声音泛指自然的声音，voice表示人的嗓音，此处sound更合适。故选B项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈发现我是认真的，她就借钱给我买了10节课。A. nervous紧张的；B. disappoi
87、nted失望的；C. satisfied满意的；D. serious认真的。根据后文“she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.”她借钱给我买了十节课，妈妈看到作者是真的想要学习，不只是玩玩而已，所以作者是认真的。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被钢琴如此真切的声音打动。A. amused使快乐；B. frightened使恐惧；C. struck打动；D. accessed接近。由后文提到“how real the sound of the piano”作者喜欢钢琴的声音，所以被钢琴的声音打动,be struck by表示被.打
88、动。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：八节课后，我通过了一级的考试。A. ran into跑进；B. got across通过；C. passed by路过；D. went through通过。由后文“I passed grade five”我过了五级，可知此处是我先通过了一级考试。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意: 但是当我开始上中学的时候，我们支付不起课程了。A. afford支付得起；B. perform表现；C. postpone延期；D. participate参加。此处but表示转折，结合第一段“we were in the fallout of t
89、he recession”以及“ But when I started secondary school, ”我们正处于经济衰退的余波之中，可知我们支付不起课程。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我快十三岁的时候，母亲说她要给我一个惊喜。A. secret秘密；B. task任务；C. question问题；D. surprise惊喜。根据下文母亲给我买电子键盘，可知母亲要给我一个惊喜。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个电子键盘，用更多的借款买的。A. little少的；B. less更少；C. much多的；D. more更多的。根据前文“she bo
90、rrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.”可知，母亲花钱给我买了十节课，后来借了更多的钱买了电子键盘。故选D项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来我找到了为年轻音乐家开设的普塞尔学校，选拔赛很艰难。A. easy简单的；B. tough艰难的；C. enjoyable愉快的；D. fulfilling令人满意的。根据后文的“I felt stressed out”可知，我感到很紧张，可知比赛比较难。故选B项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些问题涉及对作曲家的评价或音乐创作的时间。A. related联系；B. concerned担心；C.
91、 involved包含；涉及；D. collected收集。此处表示评委提的问题中包含了作曲家的评价和音乐创作时间。故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我被录取了。A. role角色；B. prize奖项；C. place地方；D. refund退款。根据上文“Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians”以及“To my amazement ”可知，我被录取了。故选C项。【39题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我感到很自豪：我画我的纸钢琴已经10年了。A. after之后；B. since自从；C. unti
92、l直到；D. before之前。根据its been+一段时间+since.，表示自从.有多久，此处是固定句式。故选B项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我继续在没有钢琴的情况下进行很多练习:我们称之为心理练习。A. mental心理的；B. abundant丰富的；C. false错误的；D. fancy精致的。根据“ I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano”可知，在没有钢琴的情况下进行很多练习:我们称之为心理练习。故选A项。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
93、 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinas most sophisticated and challenging space adventurethe Change 5 robotic lunar missionended successfully early Thursday morning with its load of rocks and dust from the moon_41_ (land) on the grasslands in northern China.The recovery team will make initial processing of the
94、 capsule and then use a plane to transport it to Beijing,_42_ it will be opened for technicians to remove the container holding 2 kg of lunar samples from a_43_ (previous) unvisited area known as “Ocean of Storms”, the China National Space administration said.Next, the sealed samples _44_ (transfer)
95、 to specially designed laboratories for _45_ (analysis), experiments and tests so scientists can determine the extraterrestrial (地球以外的) substances composition, structure and traits. This can_46_ (deep) their knowledge about the history of the moon and the solar system._47_ those scientific objective
96、s, project planners also want the mission to help to foster the countrys knowledge, technology and talent pool for its future_48_ (man) lunar missions and other deep-space expeditions. Therefore,_49_ certain proportion of the samples will also be on public display to enhance science awareness among
97、the public, especially young generations.The successful landing marked the completion of the historic 23-day Change 5 expedition, the first in more than 40 years_50_ (bring) lunar samples back to Earth, also making China the third country to achieve this feat after the United States and the former S
98、oviet Union.【答案】41. landing 42. where 43. previously 44. will be transferred 45. analyses 46. deepen 47. Besides 48. manned 49. a 50. to bring/to have brought【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述中国最复杂和最具挑战性的太空冒险嫦娥5号机器人月球任务，带回的丰富样本将具有巨大科研价值。【41题详解】考查现在分词。句意：中国最复杂、最具挑战性的太空探险嫦娥五号机器人登月任务于周四清晨圆满结束，嫦娥五号满载岩石和尘埃，降落在中国北部的草
99、原。分析句子可知，the Change 5 robotic lunar mission与land在逻辑上是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填landing。【42题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：中国国家航天局说，回收小组将对太空舱进行初步处理，然后用飞机将其运到北京，在那里，技术人员将打开太空舱，从一个以前无人进入的被称为“风暴海洋”的区域取出装有2公斤月球样品的容器。分析句子可知，_2_ it will be opened for technicians to remove the container holding 2 kg of lunar samples为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Be
100、ijing，在从句中做地点状语，故填where。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，设空处用来修饰形容词unvisited作状语，应用副词形式，故填previously。【44题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：接下来，密封样品将被转移到专门设计的实验室进行分析、实验和测试，以便科学家能够确定外星物质的组成、结构和特征。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，根据状语next，应用一般将来时，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，故填will be transferred。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，analysis同experiments and tests共同做介词for的宾语，并且
101、为可数名词，也应用复数形式，故填analyses。【46题详解】考查动词。句意：这可以加深他们对月球和太阳系历史的了解。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，接在情态动词can后，应用动词原形，故填deepen。【47题详解】考查副词。句意： 除了这些科学目标外，项目规划者还希望这项任务有助于培养该国的知识、技术和人才库，以促进其未来载人登月任务和其他深空探险。分析句子可知，设空处为介词，根据下文的also及句意，可知应是除了.之外（还有），故填Besides。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词lunar missions，应用形容词形式，根据句意，故填manned。【4
102、9题详解】考查冠词。句意：因此，一定比例的样本也将公开展示，以提高公众，特别是年轻一代的科学意识。a portion of“.一部分”析句子可知，设空处用来修饰可数名词proportion，并且前面有形容词修饰，且certain首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。【50题详解】考查不定式。句意：此次成功登陆，标志着历时23天的嫦娥5号远征的完成，40多年来首次将月球样品带回地球，也使中国成为继美国和前苏联之后实现这一壮举的第三个国家。分析句子可知，设空处用来修饰the first作定语，应用不定式作后置定语，根据时间状语in more than 40 years，不定式的一般式或者完成式都可以，故
103、填to bring/to have brought。第三节 根据中文完成句子 （共5小题；每小题三个空；每小题3分，每空1分；满分15分）51. When Claire got home, she _ _ _ in her armchair.克莱尔回到家里，坐在扶手椅上气得直哭。【答案】 . wept . with . anger【解析】【分析】【详解】考查谓语动词短语。表达“气得直哭”可用动词短语weep with anger，动词weep，意为“哭泣；(通常因悲伤)流泪”；介词短语with anger，意为“愤怒地；生气地”。根据上文got可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动
104、词用过去式。故空1填wept；空2填with；空3填anger。52. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around _ _ _ myself.我的生活很充实，没有时间坐着顾影自怜。【答案】 . feeling . sorry . for【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词等。表达“顾影自怜”可用动词短语feel sorry for oneself，分析句子可知，此处为非谓语，动词feel和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表伴随。故空1填feeling；空2填sorry；空3填for。53. Sometimes I am ve
105、ry _ and _ things or _ into furniture.有时候我还会笨手笨脚、摔掉东西，或磕碰到家具上。【答案】 . clumsy . drop . bump【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词、动词。表达“笨手笨脚”用形容词clumsy，作表语；表达“摔掉”用动词drop，表达“磕碰”用动词bump；根据时间状语Sometimes以及动词am可知，句子为一般现在时，主语为I，故用动词原形作并列谓语。故空1填clumsy；空2填drop；空3填bump。54. I thought I would get a really good mark but I got an E. I
106、 was _ _ _!我原以为我会得到高分的，结果只得了一个E。我非常吃惊！【答案】 . numb . with . shock【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。根据汉意可知，空处应该填写的意思为“非常吃惊”，可用be numb with shock表示，故填numb with shock。55. My muscles were _ and my _ _ as we climbed down the mountain towards home.我们爬下山回家，往回走的时候，我的腿部肌肉发痛，膝盖发抖。【答案】 . aching . knees . shaking【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词和时
107、态。结合语境和were可知，空处为过去进行时；“发痛”为动词ache，此处用现在分词构成进行时，故填aching；“膝盖”表达为knees；“发抖”为动词shake，此处用现在分词构成进行时，故用knees shaking，故填aching；knees；shaking。【点睛】第四节 应用文写作56. 假如你是李华，今年将参加高考，你有兴趣申请剑桥大学，从新闻得知英国大学开始接受中国高考成绩，你决定写一封email咨询，内容包括：1. 个人情况介绍；2. 询问准备工作要求，需要什么材料；3. 如获得录取，是否可以在中国大学就读一年后再入读。注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以
108、使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,I am Li Hua, a Senior 3 student from China who will soon sit for the College Entrance Examination. I have been informed of the thrilling news that Universities in UK have accepted the scores of College Entrance Examination in China. Therefore, I am writing to inquire about
109、application process.I have made lots of achievements during my senior high school. I have served in the Students Union for two years. Whats more, I have performed pretty well academically in school. I won a prize in map painting in 2017. Given that I have adequate foundation of art, architecture mig
110、ht be a fabulous option. Hence, could you please inform me of the required materials I need to provide before I apply for the offer of Cambridge? My last question is whether I will be permitted to attend the local university in China for one year before enrolling at the Cambridge for further study?I
111、 appreciate it if you could provide me with early reply to my question.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，咨询申请剑桥大学的相关事宜。【详解】1.词汇积累告知：tellinform询问：ask inquire极好的：greatfabulous考虑到，鉴于：considering thatgiven that2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：I have been informed of the thrilling news that Universities in
112、 UK have accepted the scores of College Entrance Examination in China. Therefore, I am writing to inquire about application process.拓展句：Having been informed of the thrilling news that Universities in UK have accepted the scores of College Entrance Examination in China, I am writing to inquire about
113、application process.【点睛】高分句型1 I have been informed of the thrilling news that Universities in UK have accepted the scores of College Entrance Examination in China.（that引导的同位语从句）高分句型2 My last question is whether I will be permitted to attend the local university in China for one year before enrolling
114、 at the Cambridge for further study?（whether引导的表语从句）第五节 读后续写57. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写的词数应为 150词左右。One fall,my wife Elli and I had a single goal:to photograph polar bears.We were staying at a research camp outsidethe polar bear capital of the world”the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada
115、.Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous.Polar bears-like all wild animalsshould be photographed from a safe distance.When Im face to face with a polar bear,I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens.But sometimes,that is easier said than done.This was one of those t
116、imes.As Elli and I cooked dinner,a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp,which was surrounded by a high wire fence.He pulled and bit the wire.He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence
117、posts. Terrified,Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew.We yelled at the bear,hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off.Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子
118、）I radioed the camp manager for help.He told me a helicopter was on its way,but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived.Making the best of this close encounter(相遇），I took some pictures or the bear.Eilt and I feared the fence wouldnt last through 30 more minutes of the bears punishment.The camp mana
119、ger suggested I use pepper spray.The spray burns the bears eyes,but doesnt hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and.through the fence,sprayed him in the face.With an angry roar(吼叫），the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.Para 1.A few minutes later,the bear headed back to our camp.
120、Para 2.At that very moment,the helicopter arrived.【答案】A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp. Roars and screams pierced the silence with needle-like shrillness. The noises turned Elli and I pale with horror. I feared that the giant would destroy our whole fence. He roared repeatedly,
121、shattering what was left of the silence. Elli seized this opportunity to take somepictures of the bear. The animals noises echoed all around us. We betrayed our feelings by huddling together, shivering with fear. After thoroughly scrutinizing the area, he trotted forward a few steps.At that very mom
122、ent, the helicopter arrived. My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved. Elli used pepper spray again to buy us enough time. But this time the bear became more alert. He regarded us with the merciless necessity of hunger, so we throw all the food we have. He then turned away and s
123、tarted devouring. As we were climbing the rope ladder, Elli prayed like thousand times to show thankfulness of being safe and sound.【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了人与熊对抗，之后成功脱险的故事。【详解】主人公的感情线变化为：兴奋渴望惊恐放松。剧情线以主人公如何与北极熊周旋并成功摆脱它展开。具体思路如下：由第一段的段首提示句可知：几分钟后，熊又回到营地。接下来可通过场景渲染，描写当时令人颤栗惊恐的画面，例如“Roars and screams pierced the
124、 silence with needle-like shrillness.”这不仅合理地描写了熊的反应，也描绘出让人战栗的场景。要注意与第二段首句的衔接。由第二段的段首提示句可知：此时，直升机到了。如果想要进行续写两段的合理衔接，第一段的结尾可描写成“After thoroughly scrutinizing the area, the bear trotted forward a few steps.”这样可以营造出危急的场景。“我们”看到直升机的到来，感到绝处逢生的喜悦，可以以人物心理描写作为第二段的开头，重点描写喜极而泣的状态，例如“My heart leaped with joy as
125、 I knew we were likely to be saved.”最后，结尾部分需要迅速收束，并说明成功逃脱的结局。【点睛】本文续写内容与原文高度契合，使用了高级词汇和句子，尤其突出的是，场景和心理描写传神到位，如：Roars and screams pierced the silence with needle-like shrillness.，又如He roared repeatedly, shattering what was left of the silence.，这不仅合理地描写了熊的动作，也渲染出让人战栗的场景，让读者有极强的代入感；再如As we were climbing the rope ladder, Elli prayed like thousand times to show thankfulness of being safe and sound.传神地描绘出了Elli对于绝处逢生感到难以言表的喜悦和对救援的感激之情，等等。
