1、There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world.Can you name some of them?What kind of role do they play in the field of science?Do these achievements have anything in common?Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.Alexander Bell
2、 electricity Thomas Edison the First telephoneLaite Brothers the electric LampMadame Curie black holes in UniverseFranklin Theory of GravitySteven Hawking the First PlaneElbert Einstein RadiumIsaac Newton the Theory of RelativityWho is he?He is Archimedes(阿基米德)Which scientist discovered that objects
3、 in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?Charles Darwin.Who is he?He is Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?Thomas Newcomen.Who is he?He is Who invented the first steam engine?Gregor MendelWho is he?He is Who used peas to show how p
4、hysical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?Marie CurieWho is he?She is Who discovered radium?Thomas EdisonWho is he?He is Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?Leonardo da VinciWho is he?He is Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to im
5、prove his painting of people?Humphry DavyWho is he?He is Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?Stephen HawkingWho is he?He is Who put forward a theory about black holes?1.Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?Discuss in small groups the stages in setting out a new
6、scientific idea.What order would you put them in?Draw a conclusionThink of a methodCollect resultsMake a questionFind a problemAnalyse the resultsFind supporting evidencePlease put the 7 stages in right order according to the passage.2.What do you know about infectious diseases?What do you know abou
7、t cholera?GermanyGreat BritainDeath of first cholera case in London during the 1848-49 epidemic LondonPrevious cholera epidemic in Great Britain in 1831-32The spread of cholera3.Look at the picture,the map and the title and predict the content of the reading passage.Then skim it quickly to see if yo
8、u are right.John SnowRead the text(P2-3)quickly and complete the main idea of it.The text is mainly about _ and how he _.Johndefeated choleraSnowI.To prove a new scientific idea,seven stages are needed.Read the text(P2-3)carefully and fill in the blanks.Stage 1 Find a problemA large number of people
9、 died of cholera,but neither its 1._ nor its 2._ was understood.Stage 2 Make a question Theory one:Cholera 3._ in the air and floated around until it found its victims.Theory two:When people 4._ cholera into their bodies with meals,their bodies were attacked.cause absorbed multipliedcureStage 3 Thin
10、k of a methodBegan to gather information to 5._ that the second theory was correct.Stage 4 Collect resultsMarked where the dead people had lived on a(n)6._.Stage 5 Analyse the resultsLooked into the 7._ of the water to see if the problem was the water.map provesourceBroad StreetMany deaths happened
11、here.No death happened here.The water from the pump was to blame.Public houseSmall,white,flocculent particlesThe water was from the river which had been polluted by the dirty water from London.Stage 6Find supporting evidenceFound supporting evidence from two other deaths:Both of them died of cholera
12、 after 8._.Stage 7Draw a conclusion 9._ carried the virus.All the water supplies should be 10._.drinking the water Polluted waterexaminedextra evidence:A woman and her daughter who lived far away but drank the water also died.I.Choose the best answer.1.We know from the text that John Snow _.A.had co
13、llected information before cholera broke outB.felt not quite sure after he finished the mapC.helped the woman from Broad StreetD.became famous after defeating cholera2.Why did John Snow use a map in his research?A.It could help him find exactly how many people died of cholera.B.It could help him fin
14、d the source of drinking water for people.C.It could help him organize his ideas and find evidence.D.It could help him find his way in Broad Street.3.Why was cholera called“King Cholera”in the text?A.Because it caused many deaths.B.Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.C.Because it was defeate
15、d with the help of the King.D.Because it was the most deadly disease of its day.I.Number these events in the order that they happened._ John Snow began to test two theories._ An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854._ John Snow marked the deaths on a map.124_ He announced that the water carried the
16、 disease._ John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe._ King Cholera was defeated._ He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump._ He had the handle removed from the water pump.35678Answer these questions.1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right.How did he finally
17、prove it?John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera,collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2.Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?Give a reason.No.The map helped J
18、ohn Snow organize his ideas.He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits.Heidentified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits.The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3.Cholera was a 1
19、9th century disease.What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?Why?Three diseases,which are similar today,are SARS,AIDS and bird flu,because they are serious,have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or i
20、odine.Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated,bottled beverages with no ice.What should you do if youre travelling to a country that has a cholera outbreak?Eat only food thats been thoroughly cooked and is still hot,or fruit that youve peeled yourself.Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish.Avoid raw salads and vegetables.Avoid food and drinks from street vendors.Boil it,cook it,peel it,or forget it.
