1、老君中学 张芳花被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态语态.被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构be+be+及物动及物动词的过去分词（词的过去分词（be+done)be+done)His brother washes bowls every day主谓宾(受动者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.改为被动语态1.They make shoes in
2、 that factory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are +过去分词v They play football on Sunday.v Lucy does the homework in the evening.v They often use computers in class.v We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy
3、in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday.2.Theyboughta computer last termA computer was bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词v They built the
4、 tall building last year.v He took good care of his little brother yesterday.v We cleaned our classroom just now.v They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This ro
5、om was used for resting by them.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词v We will have a sports meeting next week.v Children will take some photos in th
6、e schoolyard tomorrow.v The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy
7、.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by
8、them.下列时态的被动语态构成1.Lucy is watering the trees.2.We have finished our compositions.Some workers are painting the roomsnowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词We were watering flowers at six yesterday.v Flowers were being watered by us at six yesterday.过去进行时:S+was
9、/were+being+doneWe have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态v 谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语（人）转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语（物）转化成主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语，则保留间接宾语，且在保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或 for.v 1、She gave me a book.主谓间宾 直宾v I was given a book by her.v A book w
10、as given to me by her.v 2、My father bought me a book.v主谓间宾 直宾v I was bought a book by my father.v A book was bought for me by my father.带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态v 主动语态中在感官动词see、hear、watch、feel、notice等，及使役动词let、make、have等后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to.v 1、He makes the girl stay at home.v主 谓语宾语宾补v The gi
11、rl is made to stay at home by him.v We heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre last v 主 谓语宾语宾补v Sunday.v They were heard to sing Peking Opera by us in the theatre last Sunday.be+PP被动语态的基本结构:直刺中考考点一:1.Now English _ by more and more people all over the word.A.speaks B.is spoken C.was spoken2.The l
12、ost boy _ at the street corner last night.A.was found B.is found C.was looked for3.More man-made satellites _ in the future.A.will send up B.will be sent up C.are sent up4.Three bridges _ since last year.A.have built B.were built C.have been built5.Flowers _ every day.A.has been watered B.should be
13、watered C.should water小结：1.找标志词，判定时态。2.看主谓之间的关系，判定语态。6.It _ sweet.A.is smelled B.smells C.smell7.This pen _ well.A.is sold B.sell C.sellstaste,smell,sell等动词用主动语态表被动.考点二:被动语态中的特殊情况:8.Many people _ during the earthquake in May,2008.A.were died B.deadC.died9.What _ to that man?A.happened B.was happened C.happenhappen,die等动词不使用被动.知识小结主动语态变被动语态的步骤：1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构；3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by引出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。
